scholarly journals Structural and word-forming features of microtoponyms of Donetsk region

2021 ◽  
pp. 143-162
Author(s):  
Liubomyr Sehin
Keyword(s):  
Structural Features ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Problem Statement ◽  
Simple Complex ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Anal Ysis ◽  
Structural Types ◽  
Forming Methods

Problem statement. Despite the fact that microtoponyms belong to the most numerous class of onyms, so far such names of Donetsk region have been studied sporadically and superficially. It is important to identify and record such onyms, so as not to lose forever.The purpose of the article is to analyze the structural and word-forming or- ganization of microtoponyms of Donetsk region.Research methods. The method of research of structural and word-forming features of microtoponyms is based on the questionnaires and interviews (for collecting microtoponymic material) and methods: descriptive (for inventory, classification and interpretation of microtoponyms), structural (for describing structural features of simple, complex and compound onyms), quantitative anal- ysis (to establish the performance of structural types, word-forming methods and manners).The main results of the study. The simple, complex and compound names are revealed based on the analysis of the structural and word-forming organiza- tion of microtoponymy of Donetsk region. Simple names of small geographical objects are formed by lexical-semantic, morphological, basic, morphologi- cal-syntactic and lexical-syntactic methods. The most productive is the lexi- cal-semantic way of creating microtoponyms. Among the suffix derivatives, names with productive forms -ivk- (-ovk-, -evk-), -k- were found. In the micro- toponymy of Donetsk region a large number of compound names is recorded, among which we single out two-word, prepositional constructions, multicom- ponent microtoponyms and predicative constructions.Conclusions and prospects. The results of the study show that the microto- ponymy of Donetsk region is diverse in terms of structure and methods and means of forming. We see the prospect of exploration in: 1) collecting the names of micro-objects of other settlements in the Donetsk region; 2) to investigate the structural and word-forming features of microtoponyms of other cities / villages of Donetsk region; 2) to analyze the lexical and semantic features of such names of the named region.

scholarly journals Conceptualization of knowledge in aerospace industry in the mode «image-sense» on the basis of film scripts

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 150-155
Author(s):  
Iryna Voloshchuk ◽  
◽  
Alina Derkach ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Aerospace Industry ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Semantic Fields ◽  
Multimodal Text ◽  
Written Speech

The article is devoted to the study of terminological conceptualization in aerospace industry based on the multimodality approach. Multimodal text analysis, in particular of the scientific texts, involves the study of communication and its means by combining several modes of communication, including native, oral and written speech, as well as resources of other semiotic systems (graphics, architecture, audio, video, digital media, etc.). The purpose of the article is to identify lexico-semantic features of aerospace terminology in multimodal texts, to clarify the definition of polycoding text, to analyze the term in the multimodal aspect, to analyze the method of semantic fields used for the classification of aerospace terms and to define the basic semantic fields of aerospace terminology. The concept of multimodality refers to human senses, primarily visual and auditory. The human senses are stated to be intermediaries in the communication process. Any information presented in the oral or written form is perceived by a person as a result of stimulation of the receptors of various sense organs, each of which corresponds to a certain area in the brain in which information is processed. Texts, sounds, video series, etc. are means of transmitting information or modes (visual or semiotic resources) that contain and transmit certain content. The polycode or multimodal text is a type of text in which the sense of lexical units can be understood through several modes of communication (oral and written speech, graphics, sound and so on). The usage of terms in media discourse, speeches, screenplays is an important factor in the extralinguistic development of language, which, accordingly, affects the functioning of terms, can lead to changes in its lexical, semantic, functional and structural features. Therefore, the term acts as an element of polycode text. The term as a semiotic phenomenon represents the connection between the referent that exists in objective reality, its meaning and phonetic and graphic form. In this way, taking into consideration its (term) multifunctionality, we can conclude that studying the term’s nature in the aspect of multimodality in the most appropriate. The presence of various modes of information transfer in polycode texts in the communication process makes it possible to take into account both verbal and nonverbal factors in the analysis, which contributes to a comprehensive study of the terminological unit. The use of semantic fields to describe terminological vocabulary is associated with the division of terminological units into certain lexical-semantic groups, which are separate microsystems within the system of aerospace terminology.

scholarly journals An update on image forming methods: structure analysis and Gestalt evaluation of images from rocket lettuce with shading, N supply, organic or mineral fertilization, and biodynamic preparations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Athmann ◽  
Roya Bornhütter ◽  
Nicolaas Busscher ◽  
Paul Doesburg ◽  
Uwe Geier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Copper Chloride ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Friedman Test ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Cohen’S Kappa ◽  
N Supply ◽  
Cohen's Kappa ◽  
Forming Methods

AbstractIn the image forming methods, copper chloride crystallization (CCCryst), capillary dynamolysis (CapDyn), and circular chromatography (CChrom), characteristic patterns emerge in response to different food extracts. These patterns reflect the resistance to decomposition as an aspect of resilience and are therefore used in product quality assessment complementary to chemical analyses. In the presented study, rocket lettuce from a field trial with different radiation intensities, nitrogen supply, biodynamic, organic and mineral fertilization, and with or without horn silica application was investigated with all three image forming methods. The main objective was to compare two different evaluation approaches, differing in the type of image forming method leading the evaluation, the amount of factors analyzed, and the deployed perceptual strategy: Firstly, image evaluation of samples from all four experimental factors simultaneously by two individual evaluators was based mainly on analyzing structural features in CapDyn (analytical perception). Secondly, a panel of eight evaluators applied a Gestalt evaluation imbued with a kinesthetic engagement of CCCryst patterns from either fertilization treatments or horn silica treatments, followed by a confirmatory analysis of individual structural features. With the analytical approach, samples from different radiation intensities and N supply levels were identified correctly in two out of two sample sets with groups of five samples per treatment each (Cohen’s kappa, p = 0.0079), and the two organic fertilizer treatments were differentiated from the mineral fertilizer treatment in eight out of eight sample sets with groups of three manure and two minerally fertilized samples each (Cohen’s kappa, p = 0.0048). With the panel approach based on Gestalt evaluation, biodynamic fertilization was differentiated from organic and mineral fertilization in two out of two exams with 16 comparisons each (Friedman test, p < 0.001), and samples with horn silica application were successfully identified in two out of two exams with 32 comparisons each (Friedman test, p < 0.001). Further research will show which properties of the food decisive for resistance to decomposition are reflected by analytical and Gestalt criteria, respectively, in CCCryst and CapDyn images.

scholarly journals LEXICO-SEMANTIC FEATURES OF REPRESENTATION OF ETHNIC TOLERANCE IN MODERN AMERICAN PRESIDENTIAL DISCOURSE

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (10(78)) ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Kozlova ◽  
Hanna Tarasenko
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Interethnic Relations ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Verbal Representation ◽  
Universal Category ◽  
Presidential Discourse ◽  
The Right ◽  
Negative Connotation

The paper focuses on the investigation of lexical-semantic features of ethnic tolerance representation in modern American presidential discourse. Linguistic studios interpret tolerance as a universal category that forms communication, affects its mechanisms and results. In this paper ethnic tolerance in American presidential discourse is defined as a compliance of the addresser and addressee of the presidential discourse with the ethical model of interethnic relations and popularization of this model that aims at society consolidation. Ethnic tolerance is manifested through an unbiased assessment, acceptance of different worldviews, faiths and cultures, awareness of equal rights and respect for democratic freedoms. The set of semantic components of the concept of tolerance in the English language is distinguished and four lexico-semantic groups representing ethnic tolerance in American presidential discourse: “culture of the alien”, “cooperation”, “attitude to the alien”, “right to independence” are identified. These groups are singled out given the dominance of semantic components of tolerance which denote the object of tolerance, the form of relations with the object of tolerance, the attitude to the object of tolerance and the right of the object of tolerance. The verbal representation of ethnic tolerance in American presidential discourse is characterized by non-categoricity, the use of plural first person pronouns and vocabulary with positive and negative connotation to emphasize positive intentions towards other states and nations. Taking into account the functional and stylistic components, the language means of ethnic tolerance are represented by political, legal and diplomatic terminology. The analysis of the lexico-semantic means that represent ethnic tolerance in modern American presidential discourse makes it possible to identify the basic value of this type of discourse and clarify the main features of the implementation of the ethnic tolerant behaviour.

scholarly journals LEXICAL-SEMANTIC FEATURES OF THE TRANSLATION OF POPULAR SCIENCE TEXTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (80) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. O. Babyatinskaya ◽  
I. N. Hroza ◽  
K. S. Guseinova
Keyword(s):  
Popular Science ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Science Texts ◽  
Lexical Semantic

The effect of a bilingual learning mode on the establishment of lexical semantic representations in the L2

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 572-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
IRINA ELGORT ◽  
ANNA E. PIASECKI
Keyword(s):  
Word Learning ◽  
Alternative Explanation ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Semantic Representations ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Lexical Representations ◽  
Orthographic Representations ◽  
Bilingual Learning

Deliberate vocabulary learning is common in the L2, however, questions remain about most efficient and effective forms of this learning approach. Bilingual models of L2 word learning and processing can be used to make predictions about outcomes of learning new vocabulary from bilingual (L2–L1) flashcards, and these predictions can be tested experimentally. In the present study, 41 late adult German–English bilinguals learned 48 English pseudowords using bilingual flashcards. Quality of component lexical representations established for the studied items was probed using form priming and semantic priming. The results show that, although all participants were able to establish robust orthographic representations of the studied items, only bilinguals with large L2 vocabularies established high-quality lexical semantic representations. With neither the Revised Hierarchical Model (RHM) nor the Sense Model able to fully account for these findings, an alternative explanation based on a distributed semantic features view of word learning is proposed. Learning implications of the findings are discussed.

About Application Prospectivity of Rocks with Different Geological and Morphological Features as Basic Raw Component for Free-Cement Binder Production

2014 ◽  
Vol 670-671 ◽  
pp. 462-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Viktorovna Pavlenko ◽  
Valeria Valerievna Strokova ◽  
Mariana Nikolaevna Kapusta ◽  
Daria Dmitrievna Netsvet
Keyword(s):  
Quartz Sand ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Structural Types ◽  
Cement Binder

The opportunity of production of effective non-cement binders with using of different morphological and structural types of aluminosilicates and silicates is studied on the basis of data of phase and structural features of natural raw materials – perlite and quartz sand.

scholarly journals LINGUOPRAGMATIC POTENTIAL OF PROPRIAL VOCABULARY IN MODERN MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (11(79)) ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
Valentyna Bebykh ◽  
Natalia Bytsko
Keyword(s):  
Proper Names ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Medical Terminology ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Evolutionary Processes ◽  
Ratio Data ◽  
Functional Features

The article deals with the dynamic and evolutionary processes of eponymous terms formation in medicine in the systems of English and Ukrainian languages. The aim of the work is to systematize medical propriatives on the basis of such defining features as denotative-characteristic, etymological-word-forming and functional features. Methods and techniques adopted in onomastics and stylistics were used, such as: textual and stylistic analysis, classification of onomastic material, structural, etymological and word-formation analysis, analysis of variants of names, synthesis and identification of patterns. The research focuses on lexical and semantic features and structural features of medical terms with an onymic component. The scientific research of domestic and foreign researchers on the presence or absence of a clear boundary between common and proper names is analyzed. The ways of origin of propriatives and ways of forming a layer of onymic medical vocabulary are outlined. Based on the samples of eponymous terms in accordance with the fields of medicine, in particular rheumatology and neurology, anatomy and clinical nomenclature, the characteristics of dynamic and evolutionary processes in each of the subsystems is presented: quantitative ratio data are given, ways and methods of formation are identified, the role and place of eponyms in medical phenomena and objects are determined, the structural features of these terminological units are described. Much attention is paid to the process of transforming proper names into common words. The processes of transition of proper names into common names, which occur in medical terminology, differences of propriatives and appellates in functions, properties, mechanism of development, essence and linguistic features, context, etymology and translation are studied.

scholarly journals What psych verbs and other verbs disclose about the role of Semantic Prominence and Thematic Hierarchy in affixal selection

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-69
Author(s):  
Alexandra Soares Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
European Portuguese ◽  
Psych Verbs

This paper analyses the construction of deverbal adjectives in European Portuguese, focusing on the interface between morphology and semantics, specifically on the role of Thematic Hierarchy and Semantic Prominence on affixal selection.Supported by paradigmatic morphology, the paper shows that suffixes that work in macro-paradigms of deverbal adjectives establish a relationship with specific semantic features of the lexical-semantic structure of the base verb in order to construct the derivative. The analysis concludes that suffixes are sensitive to thematic hierarchy, which is based on the semantic prominence of features of the verbs’ theta-roles at work in the paradigm. Data from psych verbs is highly relevant to this finding.The paper is dedicated to Professor Ana Maria Brito, who has always been keenly aware that scientific knowledge is not confined to a specific theory.

scholarly journals Latin clinical veterinary terminology: word-formation, lexical-semantic and syntactic aspects

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (86) ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.V. Karbovnik
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Building Models ◽  
The Status ◽  
Clinical Terminology ◽  
Terminology System

The article is devoted to the research of the Latin medical-veterinary clinical terminology system – one of the subsystems of general medical-veterinary terminology. The ways of formation of the Latin Sublanguage of clinical veterinary medicine are analyzed, sources of its replenishment are determined; It was discovered that most of the terms are composed using terms of Greek-Latin origin, which is a decisive trend in the development of the terminology of veterinary medicine and in our time.It is investigated that for the modern terminological word formation of clinical veterinary vocabulary all main methods are typical, by means of which the vocabulary of the veterinary doctor is replenished: semantical, syntactical, morphological. In the article a word-formation, lexical-semantic and syntactical analysis of the Latin clinical veterinary terminology was made for the first time; the main word-building models are described, the derivation processes, word-formation fortresses of the Latin clinical veterinary terms are described and the complex of methods of their word-formation are analyzed;defined the status and semantic characteristics of formants– components of the term; the lexical-semantic features of the studied terminology are revealed; attention was paid to etymology, the phenomenon of derivation and the most productive affixes and term elements in the structure of one-word clinical veterinary terms.The systematization of term elements according to thematic groups that are in a certain lexical-semantic relationship is carried out, namely: termelements, which denote the names of sciences, treatment, methods of diagnostic examination, surgical techniques; word-formation elements for the designation of organs of animals and tissues; therapeutic methods, names of pathological changes of organs and tissues; term elements that denote various physical properties, quality, color, size; word-formation elements to denote functional changes, processes, and states.The attention is paid to the morphological and syntactical structure of single, dual, and verbose clinical terms with different types of definitions. We consider one of the most important tasks of modern linguistics - not only to fix, study and analyze lexical-semantic innovation processes in terminology, but also codify the terminology system itself. Therefore, one of the priority directions of terminological work in the field of veterinary medicine at the present stage is the normalization of clinical terminology, that is, the revision of the terminology system in accordance with the conceptual basis and norms of the Latin and Ukrainian scientific languages. As the most important aspect, we consider the development of a single concept of terminology, which uses the experience and positive achievements of scientists of different generations.Provision of linguistic normative terms should take place at all levels – both conceptual and actual language – phonetic, orthoepic, spelling, lexical-semantic, word-building, morphological, syntactical.

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