scholarly journals SMALL RADISH FOR LIGHT CULTURE: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
N. G. Sinyavina ◽  
A. A. Kochetov ◽  
Yu. V. Homyakov ◽  
P. Yu. Kononchuk ◽  
V. E. Vertebniy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Traits ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Stabilizing Selection ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Fresh Vegetables ◽  
The World ◽  
Intense Light ◽  
Small Radish

Intense light culture, the most impotent part of a regulated agroecosystem, makes it possible to produce high quality plant products all year round in any region of the world in close proximity to the consumer. It is most economically viable to use light culture for growing vegetables in the Far North, where there is an acute shortage of fresh vegetables and vitamins. Our studies of the range of different vegetable crops have shown that when using artificial lighting and low-volume cultivation technologies, many plant species and varieties have low productivity, low adaptability to the relevant conditions, and therefore unprofitable for mass production. To expand the range of vegetable products intended for cultivation in the light culture, it is necessary to do a massive screening of the varieties and hybrids of various crops available in the world assortment with the aim of selecting the best and also purposeful breeding of new forms and varieties maximally adapted to the appropriate cultivation technologies. The purpose of this work was to create new forms of small radish for light culture, having the necessary complex of economically valuable characters. The use of the previously developed methodology of predicting transgressions for economically valuable plant traits allowed us to obtain new promising forms of radish with using purposeful hybridization and subsequent stabilizing selection. Their characteristics are high productivity and early maturity (ripeness to harvesting for 21-25 days from seeding), the ability to produce marketable yield of roots in a small volume of root medium, resistance to bolting at higher temperatures. A number of the obtained forms also has a compact rosette of leaves and an almost glabrous leaf of the salad type. Marketable productivity of new forms of radish in intense light culture conditions reaches 5,5 kg/m2 (for hybrids F1) and 4 kg/m2 for stable lines, which is twice or more than the productivity of the parental cultivars and one and a half times more than the best in productivity cultivars that were tasted in light culture.

scholarly journals Биологические особенности редиса (Raphanus sativus L.) при выращивании в условиях интенсивной светокультуры

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.B. Kurina ◽  
A.M. Artemyeva ◽  
N.G. Sinyavina ◽  
A.A. Kochetov ◽  
G.G. Panova
Keyword(s):  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Biological Features ◽  
Raphanus Sativus L ◽  
Intense Light ◽  
Compact Rosette ◽  
Small Radish

Описаны биологические особенности редиса (Raphanus sativus L.) коллекции ВИР в условиях интенсивной светокультуры. Результаты свидетельствуют о высоком разнообразии сортовой реакции редиса на выращивание в ИС. Определена амплитуда изменчивости основных морфологических, фенологических признаков и продуктивности в зависимости от сортотипа. Выделены источники хозяйственно ценных признаков для селекции.The present study describes biological features of small radish (Raphanus sativus L.) grown under the intense light culture conditions. Results, obtained using regulated system, demonstrated high variability of reaction to intense light conditions among the varieties of small radish. Amplitude of variability of the main morphological, phenological traits and productivity depending on variety type, was assessed. Samples of small radish, which can be potential sources of economic-valuable traits for future breeding (such as resistance to bolting under the intense light culture, compact rosette, high productivity and marketability) were identified.

scholarly journals STUDY OF THE RAPHANUS SATIVUS L. (SMALL RADISH) BIODIVERSITY UNDER CONDITIONS OF INTENSIVE LIGHT-CULTURE AND IDENTIFICATION OF DONORS OF ECONOMICALLY LUABLE CHARACTERS FOR BREEDING

2018 ◽  
pp. 56-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. G. Sinyavina ◽  
A. A. Kochetov ◽  
G. V. Mirskaya ◽  
N. A. Rushina ◽  
G. G. Panova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Climate ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Hybrid Superiority ◽  
Fresh Vegetables ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Original Plant ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Mineral Additives ◽  
Small Radish

Supply of the domestic fresh vegetables commodity to the population of Northern regions of Russia is one of the most priority tasks of the national economy. Lack of the local, high-quality and adopted breeding material is highly problematic for breeding programs. Generation of the new, highly productive vegetable cultivars for the glass-covered ground, including light culture, will promote to expand significantly the volume of local production of vegetables in protected ground, especially in regions with a cold climate. One of the most prospective crops for protected ground is small radish, an early ripening crop with a valuable biochemical composition. А strategy for creation of the new, highly productive forms of small radish, beard predictable complex of economically valuable characters for growing in conditions of intensive light culture, has been developed in the Agrophysical Research Institute (SaintPetersburg). At the first stage, represent interspecific set of 26 small radish cultivars from different regions, was investigated in controlled conditions (artificial light, climate cell) to reveal a complex of economically valuable properties (early maturity, productivity, morphological traits). The plants were grown in original plant grooving light equipment (lamps DNaZ-400, photoperiod 12 hours, irradiation 15-20 klk), in a small volume of substrate (peat with mineral additives). It was observed that the small radish varieties have significant diversity in precocity, productivity, resistance to bolting, also they vary in a number of morphological features of roots and leaves. Bov, Estella, Rocco (Netherlands), Nobo Chind Criollo (Peru) were the most productive cultivars. They can produce yield of commercial roots during 30 days of vegetation up to 3.5 kg/m2. In addition, cultivars – genetic resources of economically valuable properties (compact rosette, glabrous leaf, resistance to bolting) were revealed for a breeding. Parent pairs for crossing were selected. It is planned to obtain offspring small radish forms with a complex of economically valuable properties, more productive than the parents. In all matched hybrid combinations, F1 hybrids were obtained. They have a degree of hybrid superiority in roots weight from 110 to 230% over the best of the parent form. They will become the ancestors of the original forms of small radish, intended for cultivation in conditions of intense light culture.

Varieties of sweet potato and features of their cultivation technology

2020 ◽  
pp. 18-20
Author(s):  
Т.Э. Остонакулов ◽  
А.А. Шамсиев
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Sprout Formation ◽  
Yield Formation

В 2017–2019 годах изучены сортообразцы сладкого картофеля на староорошаемых лугово-сероземных почвах Зарафшанской долины. Цель исследований – комплексная оценка сортообразцов батата в условиях Зарафшанской долины по скороспелости, росту, развитию, интенсивному размножению, формированию урожая, компактности клубней в гнезде, продуктивности, урожайности и лежкости клубней и выделение из них перспективных, а также разработка приемов агротехнологии получения высоких урожаев для данных условий. Почвы опытного участка характеризуются благоприятными агрофизическими и водными свойствами и низким содержанием гумуса, нитратного азота, подвижного фосфора и содержанием обменного калия от низкого до среднего. Сравнивали 18 сортообразцов батата. Выделенные сортообразцы изучали при ширине междурядий 70 и 90 см со схемой 70×25 и 90×20 см по 1, 2 и 3 растения в гнезде. Для получения рассады сортообразцов батата брали по 40 клубней и высаживали 20–22 февраля в пленочной теплице при температуре 15–18 °C, заделывая их на глубину 3–5 см. Влажность почвы поддерживали на уровне 65–70%. Через 7–10 дней после высадки почки начинают прорастать, а через 43–48 дней формируется рассада высотой 12–15 см, готовая для высадки в поле. Высадка рассады, как и других рассадных культур (томата, перца, баклажана) – по схеме 70×20–25 см во второй-третьей декаде апреля. Уход включал в себя междурядную обработку (культивация), прополку, борьбу с сорняками, подкормку, поливы. Уборка урожая – в конце сентября-начале октября с помощью картофелекопателя. В результате исследований выделились сорта по скороспелости, дружности формирования ростков, ускоренному размножению, продуктивности, компактности клубней в гнезде и с высоким товарным урожаем – Сочакинур, Хар-Бей и Япон. Возделывание этих сортообразцов по схеме 70×25 и 90×20 см способствует получению товарного урожая высокого качества не менее 43–48 т/га. In 2017–2019, studies were conducted on the study of varieties of sweet potatoes on old-irrigated meadow-gray-earth soils of the Zarafshan valley. The purpose of the research is a comprehensive assessment of sweet potato varieties in the conditions of the Zarafshan valley in terms of early maturity, growth, development, intensive reproduction, yield formation, compactness of tubers in the nest, productivity, yield and keeping quality of tubers and the selection of promising ones, as well as the development of methods of agricultural technology for obtaining high yields for given conditions. The soil is characterized by favorable agrophysical and water properties and low content of humus, nitrate nitrogen, mobile phosphorus and a low-average content of exchange potassium. Eighteen sweet potato varieties were compared. The selected variety samples were studied with a row spacing of 70 and 90 cm with a scheme of 70×25 and 90×20 cm for 1, 2 and 3 seedlings in the nest. To obtain seedlings of sweet potato varieties, 40 tubers were taken and planted on February 20–22 in a film greenhouse at a temperature of 15–18 °C, seeding to a depth of 3–5 cm, the soil moisture was maintained at 65–70%. 7–10 days after planting, the buds began to germinate, and after 43–48 days, seedlings were formed with a height of 12–15 cm, which is ready for planting in the field. Planting seedlings in the field is carried out, as well as other seedlings (tomato, pepper, eggplant) according to the scheme 70x20–25 cm in the second or third decade of April. Growing includes inter-row processing (cultivation), weeding, weed control, top dressing, watering. Harvesting in late September, early October with a potato digger. As a result of the research, varieties were identified in terms of early maturity, sprout formation, accelerated reproduction, productivity, compactness of tubers in the nest and ensuring a high marketable yield – Sochakinur, Xar-Bey, and Japon. The cultivation of these varieties according to the scheme 70×25 and 90×20 cm contributes to the production of a commodity crop at 43–48 t/ha with good qualities.

scholarly journals Epigenetic polymorphism in wild populations of Mus musculus

1963 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Berry
Keyword(s):  
House Mouse ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Stabilizing Selection ◽  
British Isles ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Different Parts

It has been suggested (Berry & Searle, 1963) that the discontinuous (‘quasi-continuous’) variants studied by Grüneberg et al. in the skeleton of rodents can be regarded as constituting epigenetic polymorphism in different populations. Comparisons have been made between the incidences of skeletal variants in house mouse populations collected from: corn ricks on a single farm in Hampshire; eleven separated localities in different parts of the British Isles; and nine other places throughout the world. These showed that the method could profitably be used for genetically characterizing and hence comparing populations. There was evidence suggestive of genetical drift between local populations and stabilizing selection over a larger area.

scholarly journals Производство салата опыт в Московской области

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.V. Shatilov ◽  
M.I. Ivanova ◽  
O.A. Razin ◽  
T.N. Surikhina ◽  
M.V. Kuzyakin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leafy Vegetable ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
The World

В статье приведен анализ рынка салата посевного (Laсtuca sativa L.), как одной из самых экономически важных листовых овощных культур. Показаны показатели мирового производства салата, включая информацию о странах, которые имеют существенную долю в общемировом производстве. Описан процесс возделывания и проанализированы экономические показатели на примере ООО Веселый агроном , выращивающего салаты в Дмитровском районе Московской области.The article presents an analysis of the market of lettuce (Lastuca sativa L.) as one of the most economically important leafy vegetable crops. The production indicators of the world salad production are shown, including information about the countries that have a significant share in the global production. The process of production is described and economic indicators are analyzed on the example of LLC Vesyolyi Agronom growing salads in the Dmitrov district of the Moscow region.

scholarly journals Contamination of Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) Eggs in Raw Vegetables at Street Food Stalls and Restaurant in Lorok Pakjo Village, Palembang

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1133-1141
Author(s):  
Leo Medianto Faziqin ◽  
Dalilah ◽  
Dwi Handayani ◽  
Chairil Anwar ◽  
Susilawati
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Tropical Climate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Street Food ◽  
Soil Transmitted Helminths ◽  
Sedimentation Method ◽  
Fresh Vegetables ◽  
The World

Background: Infection Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) is a disease that is a problem in the world, especially in areas with a tropical climate like Indonesia. This infection can be transmitted through consumption of raw vegetables contaminated with STH. This study aims to determine whether there is contamination of STH eggs in raw vegetables at street food stalls and restaurants in Lorok Pakjo Village, Palembang. Methods: This research is a descriptive observational study. Samples in the form of fresh vegetables were collected from 18 street stalls and 14 restaurants in Lorok Pakjo Village, Palembang. Samples were examined using the sedimentation method and observed using a microscope. Results: The results obtained 80 samples consisting of 30 cabbage, 18 basil, 30 cucumber, 1 lettuce, and 1 eggplant. Of the 80 samples, there were 20 (25%) positive samples contaminated with STH eggs consisting of 8 (10%) cabbage samples, 8 (10%) basil samples, 4 (5%) cucumber samples, and no STH contamination was found in lettuce. and eggplant. Of the 20 positive samples of STH contamination, 12 samples came from street vendors consisting of 5 (10.6%) cabbage samples, 6 (12.8%) basil samples, and 1 (2.1%) cucumber samples. While the other 8 samples came from restaurants consisting of 3 (9.1%) cabbage samples, 2 (6%) basil samples, and 3 (9.1%) cucumber samples. Found only eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides infertile decorticate in all samples consisting of 9 eggs on cabbage, 16 eggs on basil, and five eggs on cucumber. Conclusion: There is contamination of eggs Soil Transmitted Helminths in raw vegetables in street food stalls and restaurants in Lorok Pakjo Village, Palembang.

AEROPONICS AND FITOPYRАMIDA AND MODERN RESOURCE - SAVING MODERN TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLE CROPS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.K. Farawn ◽  
◽  
V.I. Leunov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Human Interference ◽  
Modern Agriculture ◽  
Plant Cultivation ◽  
The World ◽  
Significant Attention ◽  
Modern Technologies

The article discusses the features of two methods of soilless technology in the context of solving the problems of resource and energy conservation in the production of vegetables. In recent years, Fitopyramida techniques have achieved significant attention in agriculture. It is applied in agriculture to plan the several activities and missions properly by utilising limited resources with minor human interference. Currently, plant cultivation, using new agriculture methods is very popular among the growers. The aeroponics and Fitopyramida are methods of modern agriculture which is commonly practiced around the world.

Impact of high air temperatures on Brassicacae crops in southern Ontario

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 1209-1215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Warland ◽  
Alan W McKeown ◽  
Mary Ruth McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Weather Patterns ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
The Family ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Hot Weather ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Seasonal Weather

The yield patterns of many cool season vegetable crops were observed to be different from the gradual increase in yields that has been reported over time for corn and soybeans in Ontario. A study was conducted to determine if there was a relationship between yield and seasonal weather patterns for five vegetables (broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, radish and rutabaga) in the family Brassicacae. The iterative chi-squared technique was used to identify correlations between daily temperature and marketable yield. Yields of all five of the crops showed some damage due to hot weather in August. For cauliflower, cabbage and rutabaga there was roughly a 10% yield loss for every 10 d that the temperature reached 30°C or above during the growing season. These results shed new insight into the mechanisms by which weather affects yield. Key words: Cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, radish, rutabaga, yield, climate

scholarly journals Состояние и перспективы развития овощеводства в странах Евразийского экономического союза

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.F. Razin ◽  
R.A. Meshcheryakova ◽  
M.V. Shatilov ◽  
O.A. Razin ◽  
T.N. Surikhina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Member States ◽  
Mutual Trade ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Fresh Vegetables ◽  
Economic Union

Целями основания Евразийского экономического союза (ЕАЭС) было создание условий для стабильного развития экономик государств членов союза в интересах повышения жизненного уровня их населения, стремление к формированию единого рынка товаров, услуг, капитала и трудовых ресурсов, всесторонняя модернизация, кооперация и повышение конкурентоспособности национальных экономик государств членов союза в условиях глобальной экономики. Цель исследования проанализировать состояние овощеводства и обеспеченность овощами населения стран членов Евразийского экономического союза в составе Республик Армения, Беларусь, Казахстан, Кыргызской Республики и Российской Федерации. По итогам проведенного анализа установлено, что в период 20132017 годов посевные площади овощных культур в ЕАЭС выросли на 7,7 и превысили 1 млн га. В 2018 году валовой сбор овощей увеличился на 13 до 24,1 млн т. При этом более 62 овощей производится в хозяйствах населения и 22 в КФХ, что говорит о мелкотоварном характере производства и низкой товарности продукции в ЕАЭС. Лидер по производству овощей на душу населения Армения (324 кг/чел.), наименьшее значение в России 111 кг/чел., среднее по ЕАЭС 131 кг/чел. Урожай овощных культур увеличился во всех государствах членах союза, за исключением Армении, где этот показатель максимальный в рамках союза 286 кг/га. Объем импорта свежих овощей из третьих стран в период 20142017 годах снизился на 16,8 в натуральном выражении и на 33,4 до 1,8 млрд в денежном исчислении, что обусловлено введением продуктового эмбарго и снижением объема импорта в Россию практически в два раза. Взаимная торговля (по экспорту) свежими овощами увеличилась на 36,4 до 241 млн . Около 77 объема взаимной торговли приходится на поставки из Беларуси, при этом более 90 объема взаимной торговли овощами направлены на рынок России. Одной из мер по поддержке и развитию отрасли овощеводства могут стать: снижение доли посредников в потребительской цене на овощи, строительство тепличных комплексов для производства отечественных овощей в несезонный период и овощехранилищ и др.The objectives of founding the Eurasian economic Union (EAEU) was the creation of conditions for stable development of the economies of the member States of the Union to improve the living standards of their populations, the desire to create a common market of goods, services, capital and labor resources, comprehensive modernization, cooperation and competitiveness of national economies of member States of the Union in the global economy. The purpose of the study is to analyze the state of vegetable production and the availability of vegetables for the population of the member States of the Eurasian economic Union in the Republics of Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic and the Russian Federation. According to the results of the analysis, it was found that in the period 20132017, the acreage of vegetable crops in the EAEU increased by 7.7 and exceeded 1 million hectares. In 2018, the gross harvest of vegetables increased by 13 to 24.1 million tons. at the same time, more than 62 of vegetables are produced in households and 22 in farms, which indicates the small-scale nature of production and low marketability of products in the EAEU. The leader in the production of vegetables per capita is Armenia (324 kg/person), the lowest value in Russia is 111 kg/person, the average for the EEU is 131 kg/person. The yield of vegetable crops increased in all member States of the Union, with the exception of Armenia, where this figure is the maximum within the Union 286 kg/ha. The volume of imports of fresh vegetables from third countries in the period 20142017 decreased by 16.8 in physical terms and by 33.4 to 1.8 billion in monetary terms, due to the introduction of the food embargo and a decrease in the volume of imports to Russia almost twice. Mutual trade (by export) in fresh vegetables increased by 36.4 to 241 million. About 77 of the volume of mutual trade comes from Belarus, while more than 90 of the volume of mutual trade in vegetables is directed to the Russian market. One of the measures to support and develop the vegetable industry can be: reducing the share of intermediaries in the consumer price of vegetables, construction of greenhouse complexes for the production of domestic vegetables in the off-season period and vegetable stores, etc.

scholarly journals An Overview of the U.S. Bell Pepper Industry

EDIS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Trina Biswas ◽  
Zhengfei Guan ◽  
Feng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Resource Economics ◽  
The United States ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Economics Department ◽  
Economic Contribution ◽  
Production Prices ◽  
The U.S

Bell pepper is one of the most widely cultivated vegetable crops in the world; it is widely grown all over the United States, and production of bell pepper has been a major economic contribution to the vegetable industry in Florida and California. This 4-page fact sheet written by Trina Biswas, Zhengfei Guan, and Feng Wu and published by the UF/IFAS Food and Resource Economics Department provides an overview of the US bell pepper industry, including production, prices, and trade. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fe1028

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