scholarly journals The influence of weather conditions on the yield and biochemical composition of watermelon

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
S. V. Malueva ◽  
I. N. Bocherova
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
The State ◽  
High Yield ◽  
State Register ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Solids Content

Relevance. A priority in the selection of watermelon is the creation of new competitive varieties that combine resistance to adverse stressors, high yield and excellent fruit quality. The purpose of this study is to show the influence of weather conditions on the growing season, yield and quality of watermelon fruits and the influence of growing conditions on the growth and development of watermelon plants.Materials and methods. The study used 5 varieties of watermelon included in the State Register and 2 new varieties, ready for transfer to the State Variety Test. During the research, all observations and counts were carried out in accordance with the State Variety Testing Methodology and the Field Experience Methodology.Results. In the process of research, it was found that the length of the growing season largely depends on the amount of precipitation and the sum of active temperatures, as well as on their distribution in interphase periods. It was noted that in the year with the highest rainfall, the growing season was the longest. Productivity for the analyzed period varies from 14.2 t / ha to 20.7 t / ha in the early group, from 19.4 t / ha to 24.9 t / ha in the average. The highest yields were recorded in 2017 with the least rainfall. Growing conditions had a significant impact on the quality of watermelon fruit: the solids content ranged from 9.4% to 12.8%, total sugar - from 7.70% to 11.35%.

FERTILIZES EFFECTIVENESS DEPENDING ON WEATHER CONDITION UNDER POTATOES CULTIVATION ON DRAINED LANDS

1970 ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
L. I. Petrova ◽  
Yu. I. Mitrofanov ◽  
N. K. Pervushina ◽  
V. N. Lapushkina
Keyword(s):  
Potato Crop ◽  
Weather Condition ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Closed Drainage ◽  
Favorable State ◽  
Potato Crops

The article presents the results of studies in 2011-2019. to study the effect of various fertilizer norms, weather conditions on the yield and quality of potato products, soil water regime, photosynthetic activity, payment of 1 kg a.v. fertilizers with a crop increase in the conditions of the Tver region. The experiment is based on sod-podzolic light loamy drained soil with closed drainage. Potatoes were grown in 3 variants: without fertilizers, average norms and high norms. Weather conditions during the years of research (according to G.T. Selyaninov) are divided into groups: excessively humid, moist and arid. The moisture content of the arable layer of the soil under planting of potatoes, according to the gradations of these years, the average vegetation period was 73, 60, 39% of the lowest moisture capacity. A more favorable state of the water-air regime of the soil during the cultivation of potatoes according to the ridge technology during the growing season was formed in excessively wet years, in the wet years the plants experienced a lack of moisture in certain phases, especially during the period from tuberization  to ripening. In dry years, plants experienced a large lack of moisture throughout the growing season. On average, according to the experimental variants, a higher potato crop was formed in excessively wet years compared to wet years by 21%, and with dry ones by 68%. The use of fertilizers had a positive effect on the formation of potato crops and depended on weather conditions. A greater effect from the use of fertilizers was noted in excessively wet years, with average rates the yield increased by 32.2 t / ha, at high - by 41.5, in wet - by 10.3 and 14.9, respectively, in dry - by 11.0 and 16.8. The share of weather conditions in crop variability was 23%, fertilizers - 61%.

scholarly journals The main results of work on the selection of gourds in the Volgograd Trans-Volga region

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
E. A. Varivoda ◽  
T. G. Koleboshina ◽  
L. N. Verbickaya
Keyword(s):  
Storage Period ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Home Garden ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
New Variety ◽  
State Register ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Solids Content

Relevance. One of the main methods for solving the problem of providing the population of the Russian Federation with vegetable and melon products is the development of selection and seed production. The creation of new competitive varieties and hybrids will enable the vegetable industry to transfer to a qualitatively new level of development.Material and methods.The object of research is new varieties and hybrids of watermelon, melon and pumpkin, created at the Bykov experimental station in the rainfed conditions of the Volgograd TransVolga region. Methods of creation are intervarietal and interlinear hybridization. Results and conclusions.As a result of breeding work at the station, a number of varieties and heterosis hybrids of melons and gourds were created, which significantly expanded the assortment of the melon breeding industry. Over the past 5 years, 4 varieties of watermelon, 2 heterotic hybrids of watermelon, 3 varieties of melon and 1 grade of pumpkin have been included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements. The assortment of new varieties varies in terms of ripening, dry matter content, shape and color of the fruit background, as well as in color and pulp consistency. The length of the growing season of the created varieties and hybrids of watermelon ranges from 63 days in early ripening (Duet F1, Temp F1, Meteor) to 85 in the mid-ripening variety Malachite. The highest solids content of the new variety of watermelon Medunok is up to 14%. Among melon varieties, the shortest growing season is characterized by the Comet variety up to 70 days. All varieties have a high solids content of 14.0-19.0% and a thick flesh. Promising pumpkin varieties are distinguished by a bright coloration of the pulp, a high carotene content and a long storage period. Thus, the introduction of new varieties of gourds in commodity and home garden melon farming will allow the conveyor growing of products, increase the product mix and the period of consumption of fresh produce. 

scholarly journals Shallot Blondin variety as a source material for breeding for early maturity, keeping quality, productivity and yield

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
L. N. Novikova ◽  
B. N. Novikov
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
The State ◽  
High Yield ◽  
White Variety ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
State Register ◽  
Keeping Quality ◽  
Early Ripening

Relevance. Shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) is a very useful and promising crop with high nutrition- al, taste and medicinal properties. Shallot is appreciated for its tender and juicy tasty greens, as well as early ripening of bulbs with a long shelf life. For widespread distribution and consumption, increasing demand and popularizing this culture, it is relevant to create new promising varieties with valuable economically useful characteristics that meet modern market requirements. When creating new varieties, it is important to search for sources of early maturity, keeping quality, productivity, yield and quality.The aim of the research was to study local varieties of shallots for a complex of valuable traits, select the best forms and create a new fruitful, white early-ripening white variety of the salad direction, possessing useful properties, good keeping quality of bulbs, resistant to unfavorable environmental factors for cultivation in the regions of the European part of Russia.Materials and methods. The initial material consisted of 18 varieties of the local population from the North Caucasian group, differing in morphometric, in particular the color of the bulb (yellow to white), biological and economic characteristics. The studies were carried out at the collection site of the Krymsk EBS, VIR Branch (Krasnodar Region, Krymsk). As a standard, we used two varieties included in the State Register with the color of the bulb from yellow (Off-season) to white (Snezhok).Results. The study of phenological, biological, morphometric and economic characteristics made it possible to select five promising forms that are valuable for the consumer: those with early maturity, productivity, light color, large long-term bulb, green feather productivity, winter hardiness and good taste. The best form – LSh 5-05, with a consistently high yield, long-term keeping quality of white bulbs, marketability, good mild taste and attractive appearance, is included in the State Register of the Russian Federation for admission to use as a shallot Blondin variety.

scholarly journals Yield and Quality of Onion Varieties Under Direct Seed and Transplant Seedling

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 801D-801
Author(s):  
Ruben Macias-Duarte ◽  
Raul Leonel Grijalva-Contreras* ◽  
Manuel de Jesus Valenzuela-Ruiz ◽  
Fabian Robles-Contreras
Keyword(s):  
Economic Condition ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Double Row ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
The Cost

The onion bulb production In Mexico is about 39,000 ha annually. Yield is variable according to the technological capacity and economic condition of the grower. However, The technology adoption (new varieties, efficient irrigation system and establishment methods) is increased during the last years. Traditionally in Mexico the grower use the manual transplant of seedling, that which increases the cost and time of this labor. The objective of the present Experiment was to evaluate Two establishment methods (direct seed and transplant seedling) and the effect on 24 bulb varieties. The evaluation was carried out in INIFAP-CIRNO Experimental Station in furrows with 1.00 m of separation among them, with double row of plants, the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus used were 180 and 80 kg·ha-1 respectively, we used the drip irrigation system. In this experiment we observed that the system of direct seed obtained better yield (18%), bulb weight (21%) and precocity (11 days) in comparing to the transplant methods, however in the first treatment the floral stem emission was greater (6.7% vs 1.1%) of the transplant methods. The white varieties with high yield were: White onion 214 and Cal 128 with 71.4 and 65.7 ton/ha. The purple varieties was F1 Cal 192 with 68.3 t·ha-1 and the yellow varieties was Ringer Cal 160 with 63.2 t·ha-1.

SPRING BARLEY NADEZHNYY

2018 ◽  
pp. 43-44
Author(s):  
O. V. Levakova ◽  
L. M. Eroshenko ◽  
A. N. Eroshenko
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
The State ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Variety Trial ◽  
State Register ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Growing Conditions

According to the results of competitive variety trials for 2009-2014 G. G. for yield and evaluation of biological and agronomic indicators of the selected line 11/1-05h 37(Annabel x Elf), which in 2015 was transferred to the State variety trial and included in the state register under the name Reliable. The article presents varietal description and brief characteristics of varieties on yield and quality. The most important biological feature of the variety is the high adaptability and adaptability to different growing conditions. In 2017 the results of two years testing the variety is zoned in the Central (3) and Volga-Vyatka (4) regions. Grade Reliable (Patent No. 8940 from 28.02.2017) two-rowed barley varieties nutans. With high technological grain quality parameters of the variety in the different conditions have been provided huge yield increment – 3351.03 pounds per hectare and in 2013 in Moscow Agricultural Research Institute – 7980.734 pounds per hectare.

scholarly journals INTRODUCTION OF NEW VARIETIES OF LARGE-FRUITED REMONTANT STRAWBERRIES IN THE FOREST-STEPPE OF WESTERN SIBERIA

2022 ◽  
pp. 132-138
Author(s):  
K. S. Makarova ◽  
A. V. Pastukhova ◽  
A. S. Gazizulina ◽  
A. F. Petrov ◽  
A. A. Zenkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
New Varieties

   The authors presented the results of the influence of stress factors on the yield of garden strawberry remontant large-fruited. Phenological and morphological observations, recording and evaluating the quality of the obtained fruits were carried out during the research. Varieties of remontant strawberries with a complex of economically beneficial features were identified. There were features as high yield, winter hardiness, resistance to major diseases and pests were presented. The obtained data confirmed that the highest productivity per bush showed varieties bearing fruit during the entire growing season: Selva - 376.06g, Vima Rina - 411.27g, Remontant large-fruited (hybrid) - 425.42g.

scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI VARIETAS UNGGUL BARU DAN PENGARUH PEMUPUKAN SPESIFIK LOKASI TERHADAP HASIL PADI DAN MUTU BERAS DI KABUPATEN GORONTALO

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 263
Author(s):  
Muh. Asaad
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Fertilizer Recommendation ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
New Varieties

<p>Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pendapatan petani adalah peningkatan produktivitas dan peningkatan mutu hasil beras. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (i) mengetahui varietas unggul baru padi yang memiliki tingkat hasil dan mutu beras tinggi dan (ii) menganalisis pengaruh pemupukan terhadap hasil gabah dan mutu beras. Penelitian dilakukan di lahan sawah irigasi Kabupaten Gorontalo mulai Januari 2012 sampai Januari 2013. Penelitian dilakukan dalam dua tahap. Tahap pertama menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) untuk menguji enam varietas (Inpari 3, Inpari 4, Inpari 9, Inpari 10, Inpari 13, dan Mira) dan setiap varietas diulang sebanyak empat kali di lahan petani. Sedangkan tahap kedua menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan empat perlakuan (Rekomendasi pemupukan PUTS + 500 kg/ha jerami, rekomendasi pemupukan cara petani + 500 kg/ha jerami, rekomendasi pemupukan PUTS, dan rekomendasi pemupukan cara petani) yang diulang empat kali. Setiap varietas ditanam dengan jarak 25 cm x 25 cm dengan cara tanam pindah dari bibit semai yang berumur 21 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa varietas Inpari 4, 10 dan Mira memiliki tingkat produktivitas yang cukup tinggi masing-masing 4,21 t/ha; 4,35 t/ha dan 4,46 t/ha GKG serta memiliki mutu beras yang lebih baik. Paket pemupukan berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil padi sawah irigasi di 264 Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian, Vol. 19, No.3, November 2016: 261-273 Kabupaten Gorontalo. Pemupukan dengan menggunakan PUTS + 500 kg/ha jerami memperlihatkan hasil yang lebih tinggi (6,28 t/ha GKG) dan memiliki mutu beras yang baik.</p><p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p><br />Identification of New Varieties and Effect of Specific Fertilization to Yield and Quality of Rice in Gorontalo District. One of the efforts to increase farmer’s income is by increasing yield and improving the quality of rice. The objectives were (i) to obtain new varieties of rice with high yield and quality and (ii) to analyze the effect offertilization to the yield and quality of rice. The research was carried out in Gorontalo district from January 2012 to January 2013. The research was conducted in two steps. The first step used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) to test six varieties (Inpari 3, Inpari 4, Inpari 9, Inpari 10, Inpari 13 and Mira) and it was repeated four times in the farmer’s fields. While the second step used a RBD with four treatments fertilizer recommendation of Paddy Soil Test Kit (PSTK) + 500 kg/ha of straw, existing fertilizer + 500 kg/ha of straw, fertilizer recommendation of PSTK and existing<br />fertilizer and it was repeated four times. Each variety was planted with measurement of 25 cm x 25 cm and transplanted in 21 days old. The results showed that the productivities of Inpari 4, Inpari 10 and Mira were quite high (4.21 t/ha; 4.35 t/ha and 4.46 t/ha of dry grain, respectively) and they had a good quality of rice. Fertilization using PSTK + 500 kg/ha of straw showed the highest yield (6.28 t/ha) and it produced a good quality of rice.<br /><br /></p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Duration of the period for creating apple cultivars and tasks on reducing it

2021 ◽  
pp. 104-108
Author(s):  
E. N. Sedov ◽  
T. V. Yanchuk ◽  
S. A. Korneyeva
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Juvenile Period ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
State Register ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Scab Immunity ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
Apple Cultivars

The greatest period of time was spent on creating a cultivar at the first stage of breeding in our institution, when we did not have proper experience in apple breeding. For example, in the sixties of the last century, cultivars Pepin Orlovsky, Orlovskaya Zarya, Nizkorosloye and Sinap Orlovsky were created, in which the period from hybridization to inclusion in the State Register of Breeding Achievements allowed for use was 48, 45, 43 and 34 years respectively. With the acquisition of breeding experience in selecting the initial parent cultivars and improving the methods of growing seedlings in the breeding orchard (growing hybrid seedlings in the crown of a semi-dwarf or dwarf rootstock or on insert rootstocks) the period was significantly reduced — to 20 years for such cultivars as Yablochny Spas, Aleksander Boyko, Maslovskoye and a number of others. The first immune domestic cultivar Imrus (immune russian) was created and included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements allowed for use in just 15 years. It took 16 years to create the Rozhdestvenskoye cultivar. Naturally, on average, much less time was spent on the creation of columnar cultivars due to the earlier entry into flowering and fruiting. Due to the fact that high agricultural technology improves the growth processes of hybrid seedlings in the breeding nursery and in the breeding orchard and reduces their juvenile period, it must necessarily be carried out. This report gives a brief production and biological characteristics of the best apple cultivars of the Institute’s breeding. One of the best cultivars immune to scab is the winter cultivar Imrus (immune russian). The cultivar has a rapid fruitfulness and high yield. Its fruit can be stored in the cold storage until mid-March. Veniaminovskoye and Kandil Orlovsky are also valuable immune cultivars. The fruits of Veniaminovskoye are stored in the refrigerator until the end of February; the cultivar is characterized by the dessert quality of the fruit. The advantages of Kandil Orlovsky are also high rapid fruitfulness and productivity. Triploid Aleksander Boyko is immune to scab and has large size of fruit (220 g) and regular fruiting. Columnar cultivars Priokskoye and Poezia are of great interest. Priokskoye is characterized by scab immunity and high productivity. The fruits are characterized by marketability and high consumer qualities. In the refrigerator, the fruits can be stored until February. It took only 18 years to create this cultivar. The columnar scab-immune cultivar Poezia is characterized by high rapid fruitfulness. Its fruits are stored in the refrigerator until February.

Селекция и семеноводство картофеля в Камчатском крае

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.I. Ryakhovskaya ◽  
T.P. Sherstyukova ◽  
M.L. Gamolina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
The State ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
State Register ◽  
Region Selection ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Selection Of

Рассмотрены агроклиматические условия Камчатского края и лимитирующие факторы, сдерживающие рост урожайности картофеля. Приведены характеристики новых сортов картофеля селекции Камчатского НИИСХ созданных в соответствии с приоритетными для региона направлениями селекции, включенных в Государственный реестр селекционных достижений РФ и охраняемых патентами.Agroclimatic conditions of the Kamchatka Krai and limiting factors that restrain the growth of potato yield are considered. The characteristics of new varieties of potatoes of the selection of the Kamchatsky RIA are created in accordance with the priority for the region selection areas included in the State Register of Selection Achievements of the Russian Federation and protected by patents.

Breeding study of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) in the Institute of Horticulture, NAAS оf Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-49
Author(s):  
V.V. Moskalets ◽  
◽  
T.Z. Moskalets ◽  
I.V. Grynyk ◽  
O.A. Shevchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
The State ◽  
Sea Buckthorn ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Scientific Cooperation ◽  
State Register ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The authors present the results of the sea buckthorn breeding at the Institute of Horticulture (NAAS). The stages of the work have been analyzed – from studying and selecting the initial material in the conditions of the Polissya, Polissya-Lisosteppe and Lisosteppe ecotopes (2012-2016) to the successful targeted introduction to the Northern part of the Lisosteppe (2017-2019) and new forms have been characterized according to the traits valuable for economy and molec-ular genetic markers. The new forms of the researched crop taking into consideration the high indices of their productiv-ity,adaptivity to the unfavourable abiotic and biotic environmental factors and consumption quality of fruits for pro-cessing and making functionary products were entered officially into Genetic Fund of the Plants of Ukraine as con-firmed by the certificates of copyright and developed genetic passports. The list of these genotypes includes 1-15-1 (Nos-ivchanka, UA3700073), 1-15-8S (Mitsna, UA3700079), make form 1-15-6Ch (Aboryhen 6/11, UA3700080), 1-15-9 Ka-rotynna, UA3700082), 1-15-3 (Pamiatka, UA3700076), 1-15-8V (Soniachne siayvo, UA3700075), 1-15-11 (Lymonna, UA3700072), 2-15-73 (Morkviana, UA3700077), 1-15-5 (Adaptyvna, UA3700078), 1-15-8B (Osoblyva, UA3700083), 1-15-6 (Apelsynova, UA3700084) and forms 6A/11 (UA3700081), 1-15-5a (Sribnolysta 5a, UA3700074). The possibility of using 5 DNA markers to characterize genotypes of sea buckthorn bymeans of the molecular genetic markers was tested and evaluated in the framework of the scientific cooperation with the Institute of Cell Biology and Genetic Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. It should be noted that the most polymorphic markers were HrMS025 and HrMS026. However, the marker HrMS014 was monomorphic, but appeared in all the samples, so it can be used as a reference. The best forms of sea buckthorn Adaptyvna (certificate №190899) and Osoblyva (certificate №190900) were included into the State Register of Plant Varieties Suitable for dissemination in Ukraine, and the cultivars of the univer-sal use Nadiina (applications №18299010), Oliana (applications №18299009) and Morkviana (applications № 20299001) and cv pollinator Obrii (applications №18299008) undergo the State strain test. The attention is concentrat-ed on the promising directions of the new sea buckthorn genotypes for the prior breeding and genetic investigations at the Institute of Horticulture (NAAS) and its network.

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