scholarly journals Results of the research of onion in the annual culture in the conditions of the Priobskaya zone of the Altai Territory

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
S. V. Zharkova ◽  
E. V. Shishkina
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Cultivation Conditions ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Bulb Onion ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits

Relevance. In the Western Siberia conditions bulb onion is grown mainly from onion sets. With this method of cultivation, large costs are spent on growing and storing the onion sets. In this regard, the cultivation of it through the seeds is of particular importance. This problem has not been studied enough in Priobskaya zone of Altai Territory conditions.Materials and methods. In our research, we studied the influence of cultivation conditions on the formation of economically valuable traits of varieties and a hybrid of bulb onion grown by sowing seeds in the ground in Priobskaya zone of Altai Territory. Three varieties were taken as objects of research: Odnoletniy Sibirskiy, Zolotnichok, Odintsovets, and one Candy F1 hybrid.Results. On average, over the years of research on early maturity, the standard Odnoletniy Sibirskiy variety (87-88 days) showed itself to be the most early maturing. Candy F1 hybrid can be used as a source of early green mass. Leaf regrowth was the earliest of all onion samples studied. The largest leaf apparatus in the conditions of Priobskaya zone of Altai Territory is formed by the varieties Odintsovets (4.1 pieces per plant) and Odnoletniy Sibirskiy (3.8 pieces per plant). The maximum bulb mass was formed by the Candy F1 hybrid (51.5 g). The Candy F1 hybrid also was distinguished by the highest yield in the group of the studied samples. The increase in total yield was 5.1 t/ha, marketable 2.4 t/ha in relation to the standard. The maximum marketability in the experience was in the standard (80.9%).

scholarly journals USE OF HETEROSIS IN THE SELECTION OF TOMATO ON SPEED

2018 ◽  
pp. 36-38
Author(s):  
N. J. Nurmatov ◽  
E. A. Jumayev
Keyword(s):  
Total Yield ◽  
Potato Research ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Maturation Period ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
High Effect ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Selection Of

The research was carried out at the Surkhandarya Scientific Experimental Station of the Vegetable-Melon Plant and Potato Research Institute in 2013-2015.mThe aim of the research was to evaluate F1 hybrids and their parental forms by early maturity and to identify the most promising combinations in the conditions of southern Uzbekistan. The studies are devoted to the selection of the parental forms of tomato of different maturation period and the creation on their basis of F1 tomato hybrids and their evaluation on a set of economically valuable traits, primarily on early maturity. The total yield was highest for Dar Zavolzhye, Chelnok, Persey, Utro-2, Slava Moldova, Gruntoviy Gribovskiy 1180, Lyana (51.4-64.4 t/ha) and F1 hybrids: Ion-N x Persey, Novichok x Persey, Dar Zavolzhye x Slava Moldovy, VIR-100 x Perseus, Gruntoviy Gribovsky 1180 x Liyana, Lyana x Persey, Novichok x Slava Moldova, (76,2-90,8 t/ha). High early yield properties are distinguished in the samples of Ion-N, Lyana, Gruntovy Gribovsky 1180, Utro -2, VIR-100, Dar Zavolzhye (21.7-30.5 t/ha) and hybrid combinations Ion-N x Persey, Novichok x Persey, VIR-100 x Persey, Dar Zavolzhye x Slava Moldovy, Gruntoviy Gribovsky 1180 x Lyana, Lyana x Ion-N, the productivity of which for the first three harvest is 25.8-34.2 t/ha. The high effect of heterosis on the overall yield was noted in combinations of Novichok x Persey, Ion-N x Persey, VIR-100 x Persey, Argo x Slava Moldovy, Lyana x Persey, Dar Zavolzhye x Slava Moldovy, Novichok x Slava Moldovy. The above hybrids exceeded the most productive parent by 21.6-33.6 t / ha. The effect of heterosis was 39.6-64.0%. A high effect of heterosis (from 107.5 to 161.2%) on early yield was noted in combinations of Novichok x Persey, Ion-N x Persey, Dar Zavolzhye x Slava Moldovy, Dar Zavolzhye x Novichok, Lyana x Ion-N. Ion-N, VIR-100, Argo, Lyana, and the Slava Moldovy are distinguished according to this important indicator of the maturity of ripening. Only three combinations of Ion-H x Persey, Ion-N x VIR-100, Lyana x IonN, with the maturity of fruit ripening 43-54%.

scholarly journals Female flowering lines as the basis for new highly productive F1 zucchini hybrids

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
S. V. Kuzmin
Keyword(s):  
Total Yield ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Hybrid Seeds ◽  
Female Flowering ◽  
Product Attractiveness ◽  
Variety Testing

Relevance. The modern marrow seed market shows the prospect of creating F1 hybrids that have the maximum return on a high-quality crop. For their successful selection, parental forms with a complex of economically valuable traits and a high combinational ability are required. The most important role is played by the female zucchini maternal lines of flowering type, which allow for hybrid seed production with free pollination and obtain high quality F1 hybrid seeds.Materials and methods. The studies were carried out at of the Krymsk EBS VIR Branch (Russia, Krasnodar Region, Krymsk) in 2019-2021. Variety testing of lines and hybrids was carried out in the open field in the fields of selective crop rotation. The plot area was 5 m2, the experiment was repeated three times.Results. The general combinative ability of parental squash lines was studied, maternal forms with a positive GCA effect on early yield (F5 409-1, F5 409-2) and on total yield (F5 409-1) were identified. A preliminary variety testing of hybrid combinations was carried out in comparison with the standards F1 Belogor and F1 Pascal. The main economically valuable traits have been studied: early maturity, early and general yield, marketability, product attractiveness. F1 hybrids of zucchini were identified, obtained on the basis of maternal forms of the female type of flowering F5 409-1, F5 409-2 in terms of yield (early above 17,7 t/ha and total above 46,7 t/ha), and marketability, more than 83,2%.Conclusions. The high productivity of F1 zucchini hybrids obtained on the basis of maternal forms of the female flowering type F5 409-1, F5 409-2 proves the promising nature of their use in breeding. As a result of two years of study, a hybrid F1 (409-1×305) was isolated, with a complex of economically valuable traits: early yield 19,6 t/ha, total yield 52,6 t/ha, marketability 84,3%, attractive appearance of fruits.

scholarly journals Promising varieties and hybrids F1 sweet pepper for the central zone of Uzbekistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 78-82
Author(s):  
T. Kh. Kholmuminov ◽  
M. Kh. Aramov
Keyword(s):  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
The State ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
State Register

Relevance. The State Register of agricultural crops recommended for sowing on the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan includes 47 hybrids and varieties of sweet pepper. Of these, 8 varieties and one F1 hybrid of domestic selection and 31 F1 hybrids of foreign selection (State Register, 2021). However, many of them, especially those of foreign selection, do not meet the requirements of the local market and are not adapted to local climatic conditions. In this regard, a preliminary test of varieties and hybrids included in the State Register, as well as F1 hybrids offered by foreign producers, was carried out in order to identify the most promising varieties for the conditions of the Central zone of Uzbekistan.Material and research methods. A preliminary tests included 20 varieties and F1 hybrids: 7 varieties and 1 hybrid F1 of domestic selection, 2 varieties and 10 F1 hybrids of foreign selection. The experiments were laid on the experimental base of the Research Institute of Plant Genetic Resources.Results. As a result of a comprehensive assessment of 20 varieties and hybrids of F1 sweet pepper, promising samples were identified for both breeding and industrial use. The sources of early maturity can be the Abai and Claudio hybrids, with the duration of the period "seedlings - biological ripeness of fruits" 97-99 days. To create large-fruited varieties in breeding work, F1 hybrids should be used: Procraft, Dallas, Magno, Claudio, Gemini and Zumrad variety. For breeding thick-walled and very thick-walled varieties and hybrids, the varieties Dar Tashkenta, Sabo, Nargiza, Lastochka, Podarok Moldova, Shodlik, Zumrad, etc., as well as F1 hybrids Procraft, Cadia should be used. High total (43.0-54.1 t/ha) and marketable (40.1-50.5 t/ha) yield was noted in hybrids F1. The most promising hybrids are Cadia, Procraft, Magno, Dallas with a total yield of 50.1-54.1 t/ha, against 47.5 t/ha for the F1 Zhaikhun standard. The total and marketable yield of the tested varieties was significantly lower compared to hybrids F1 and amounted to 33.5-38.6 and 30.7-35.7 t/ha, respectively.

scholarly journals The new early-maturing winter bread wheat variety ‘Zhavoronok’

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
M. M. Ivanisov ◽  
D. M. Marchenko ◽  
E. I. Nekrasov ◽  
I. A. Rubas’ ◽  
I. V. Romanyukina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Winter Bread Wheat ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Bread Wheat Variety

There has been presented the characteristics of the new early-maturing winter bread wheat variety ‘Zhavoronok’ according to economically valuable traits and properties. The development of early-maturing grain crop varieties is one of the main issues of grain production. The combination of a relatively short vegetation period with high productivity in one genotype helps to solve a number of agricultural concerns. This allows using techniques more systematic, reducing the intensity of harvesting and yield loss significantly, which occur when cultivating simultaneously maturing varieties on large areas. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the new early-maturing winter bread wheat variety ‘Zhavoronok’ on the basis of a set of economically valuable traits. The study was carried out in 2015–2019 with such forecrops as maize for grain, weedfree fallow, peas and sunflower. In the department of winter wheat breeding and seed production of the FSBSI Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” a lot of work is being done on winter wheat breeding, and one of the important directions is the development of early-maturing varieties. The winter bread wheat variety ‘Zhavoronok’ has been included in the State List of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation since 2020 and approved for use the North Caucasus and Nizhne-Volga regions. According to the length of the growing period, it belongs to the early-maturing group. Its high and stable productivity with various forecrops is explained by a complex of positive economically valuable traits and properties, such as high productivity of a head, resistance to lodging and brown rust, high frost resistance (the same as that of the variety ‘Don 107’). The variety ‘Zhavoronok’ is capable of producing good yields and full grain in arid years, its early maturity allows it to ‘escape’ drought, disease and other unfavorable conditions.

scholarly journals The nature of the manifestation of heterosis is a reliable indicator of a high specific combination ability in a cucumber of the bee-pollinated type

2021 ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
T. I. Mokryanskaya ◽  
V. F. Gorokhovsckyi
Keyword(s):  
Total Yield ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
L 96 ◽  
Research Institute

Relevance. One of the most important stages in the selection of agricultural crops for heterosis is the determination of the combinational ability, in particular, the evaluation of the SCS constants of lines of promising hybrid combinations. Purpose: on the basis of the best hybrid combinations, create promising cucumber hybrids for open and protected ground, for various purposes, characterized by a complex of economically useful features, including high fruit yield. Objective: to evaluate the effects of true, hypothetical, competitive heterosis of hybrids and SCA line constants in the studied F1 hybrid combinations.Materials and methods.The research work was carried out in the Pridnestrovian Research Institute of Agriculture in 2014-2018 in greenhouses (spring-summer and summer rotations) and in open ground when growing in a spread and on a trellis. Much attention was paid to the degree and nature of the manifestation of heterosis in F1 hybrids, which were evaluated by early and total yield, the yield of standard fruits, the yield of gherkins and greens. The degree of manifestation of true, hypothetical and competitive heterosis of hybrids is established and the SCA constants in the studied F1 combinations are evaluated. The standards were the F1 Zubrenok hybrids of selection the Pridnestrovian Research Institute of Agriculture and Ajax of the Dutch selection. As testers, JL-6 and L.96 were used. In the studies, selection methods were used-pair and return crosses – backcrosses), self-pollination (incucht), selection (individual, group and mass).Results.With positive effects, all three types of heterosis (true, hypothetical and competitive) were observed in the spring-summer and summer rotations of film greenhouses and open ground when grown in a spread and on a trellis for most economically valuable traits in hybrid combinations 43x57 (seven traits); 71/55x41/86; 65x52 (six); 65x41/86, 65x96, 95x68 (five). High SCA constants were observed in film greenhouses (spring-summer and summer rotations) and in open ground (in the spread and on the trellis) lines in combinations 71/55x41/86 (early, general and standard fruit yield; gherkins yield fractions of 5.1-7.0 and 7.1-9.0 cm (+1.0; +0.9; +10.6; +1.2), (+1.8; +4.9; +39.8; +2.6), (+2.0; +4.4; +36.8; +2.6), (+1.1; +1.5; +12.9; +2.3); 65x52 (gherkins yield fractions of 5.1-7.0 cm) (+12.2; +7.2; +12.5; +7.0); 43x57 (yield of gherkins of the fraction 5.1-7.0 cm) (+1.0; +2.0; +6.7; +2.0).

Creation and evaluation of new varieties and populations of alfalfa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Meremyanina I. A. ◽  
◽  
V.V. Kenyz V.V.
Keyword(s):  
High Productivity ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Complex Hybrid ◽  
The Creation

The article is based on the creation and evaluation of new varieties and complex hybrid populations of alfalfa with economically valuable traits and properties.Varieties with high productivity of green mass and seeds have been created and studied.

AN ADAPTABILITY POTENTIAL ANALYSIS OF THE VICIA SATIVA VARIETIES ON THE GREEN MASS YIELD IN THE SOUTH EASTERN ZONE OF THE KAMCHATKA TERRITORY CONDITIONS

1970 ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
А. А. Zhdanova ◽  
М. B. Kochneva
Keyword(s):  
Total Yield ◽  
Vicia Sativa ◽  
Thermal Coefficient ◽  
The South ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Environmental Index ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Eastern Zone

The article presents the results of a four-year collection study of promising varieties of spring-sown vetch, Vicia sativa L., for zoning in the conditions of the south-eastern zone of the Kamchatka Territory according to statistical parameters. The aim of the study was to identify stress-resistant, environmentally plastic, stable and adaptive varieties of vetch seed calculated by the yield of green mass. The experimental field of the Kamchatka Research Institute of Agriculture is located in the area of the Pacific influence with a cold summer without a dry season. Hydrothermal conditions during the periods of green mass formation in 2014-2017 were characterized by excessive moisture content, hydrothermal coefficient = 2.0-4.6. The environmental index ranged from -12.08 to 13.2. The correlation analysis revealed a direct relationship between the total yield and the sum of active temperatures, r = 0.9. An inverse correlation was determined between the environmental conditions index and the hydro-thermal coefficient, r = -0.79. The average annual yield of green mass for 4 years was 18.7 t/ha. The level of the average yield of green mass varied from 10.0 to 26.8 t/ha, the limit values varied within 5.5-34 t/ha. In the course of work, 18 varieties of spring vetch were studied, of which 5 valuable varieties were identified for cultivation in the region: Lyudmila (Yср = 26.8 t/ha), Yubilejnaya 110 (25.5), Uzunovskaya 91 (22.8), Tayozhnaya (21.8) and the zoned variety Lugovskaya 85 (18.0 t/ha), capable of producing stable yields in favorable and extreme conditions.

scholarly journals Evaluation of onion samples (Allium cepa L.) of various origins in the foothill zone of the North Caucasus and creation of source material fo

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-64
Author(s):  
I. S. Mastyaev ◽  
A. F. Agafonov ◽  
L. V. Krivenkov
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
The North ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
High Yields

Relevance. The success of breeding work is largely determined by the source material, the search and creation of which for target breeding begins with the collection and study of collectible samples for the alignment of morphological features; for the precocity and amity of maturation; for the keeping quality and transportability of bulbs; for the quality of vegetable products (high content of biologically active substances and antioxidants); for resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors of a specific growing zone.Materials and methods. On the basis of the North Caucasus branch FSBSI FSVC, 90 samples of spring onions from 26 countries of the world were evaluated in the number nursery for the period from 2017 to 2019, 71 of them were varieties and 19 were F1 hybrids. In a hybrid nursery, 25 hybrid combinations obtained from FSBSI FSVC (VNIISSOK) were evaluated. The laying and placement of experiments, agricultural techniques of cultivation, accounting and evaluation of economically valuable traits, biochemical analyses were carried out according to generally accepted methods. The standards are the new Primo and Ampex varieties of the selection of the FSBSI FSVC and the Italian F1 hybrid Ranko, which were placed every 10 collection samples.Results.According to the results of the assessment, among the studied F1 varieties and hybrids, sources of economically valuable traits such as yield (20-27 t/ha), precocity (80-90 days), preservation (more than 85%) when laid for long-term storage up to 7 months, purple, white and pink color of bulbs, as well as sources of long-shaped bulbs were identified. The greatest interest for breeding for yield is represented by 9 promising varieties and 9 F1 hybrids of onions of various origins, as well as 4 hybrid combinations that were distinguished by high yields, the yield of marketable products and the mass of marketable bulbs. These samples are recommended for use in the breeding process as sources for the creation of new varieties and hybrids with high yields for the agro-climatic conditions of the foothill zone of the North Caucasus.r breeding

scholarly journals ECOLOGICAL-GEOGRAPHIC APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF GENETIC DIVERSITY OF BARLEY AND OAT FROM THE VIR COLLECTION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Loskutov ◽  
Lubov Novikova ◽  
Olga Kovaleva ◽  
Nadezhda Ivanova ◽  
Elena Blinova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Cultivation Conditions ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Sum Of Effective Temperatures ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Effective Temperatures ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Selection Of

Under conditions of climate change, the assessment of the stability of genotypes is of particular importance. To conduct directed selection of genotypes with a narrow or broad reaction rate, it is necessary to assess their stability already in the early stages of breeding. The aim of the study was to study the stability of breeding significant traits of oat and barley samples in contrasting ecological and geographical conditions. 25 oat samples and 25 barley samples were studied over 3 years under contrasting conditions in St. Petersburg and the Tambov region. Varieties are characterized by average values of economically valuable traits and genotype regression coefficients on the influence of the bi environment according to Eberhart and Russell. The most sensitive to a change in the ecological and geographical situation were the durations of the germination-heading, germination-harvest periods and grain yield. These characters varied to a greater extent depending on the cultivation conditions than on the genotype. According to regression coefficients for environmental conditions, significant differences in genotypes were only in yield. Contrasting groups of varieties were distinguished by regression coefficients on environmental conditions, genotypes with high productivity. The durations of germination-heading, germination-harvest, the plant height reacted to the change in the environment the same in different varieties. The duration of the growing season was determined by the sum of effective temperatures above 15C. The reduction of the growing season in both crops was 3 days with an increase in the sum of effective temperatures above 15C by 100C.

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