scholarly journals The nature of the manifestation of heterosis is a reliable indicator of a high specific combination ability in a cucumber of the bee-pollinated type

2021 ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
T. I. Mokryanskaya ◽  
V. F. Gorokhovsckyi
Keyword(s):  
Total Yield ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
L 96 ◽  
Research Institute

Relevance. One of the most important stages in the selection of agricultural crops for heterosis is the determination of the combinational ability, in particular, the evaluation of the SCS constants of lines of promising hybrid combinations. Purpose: on the basis of the best hybrid combinations, create promising cucumber hybrids for open and protected ground, for various purposes, characterized by a complex of economically useful features, including high fruit yield. Objective: to evaluate the effects of true, hypothetical, competitive heterosis of hybrids and SCA line constants in the studied F1 hybrid combinations.Materials and methods.The research work was carried out in the Pridnestrovian Research Institute of Agriculture in 2014-2018 in greenhouses (spring-summer and summer rotations) and in open ground when growing in a spread and on a trellis. Much attention was paid to the degree and nature of the manifestation of heterosis in F1 hybrids, which were evaluated by early and total yield, the yield of standard fruits, the yield of gherkins and greens. The degree of manifestation of true, hypothetical and competitive heterosis of hybrids is established and the SCA constants in the studied F1 combinations are evaluated. The standards were the F1 Zubrenok hybrids of selection the Pridnestrovian Research Institute of Agriculture and Ajax of the Dutch selection. As testers, JL-6 and L.96 were used. In the studies, selection methods were used-pair and return crosses – backcrosses), self-pollination (incucht), selection (individual, group and mass).Results.With positive effects, all three types of heterosis (true, hypothetical and competitive) were observed in the spring-summer and summer rotations of film greenhouses and open ground when grown in a spread and on a trellis for most economically valuable traits in hybrid combinations 43x57 (seven traits); 71/55x41/86; 65x52 (six); 65x41/86, 65x96, 95x68 (five). High SCA constants were observed in film greenhouses (spring-summer and summer rotations) and in open ground (in the spread and on the trellis) lines in combinations 71/55x41/86 (early, general and standard fruit yield; gherkins yield fractions of 5.1-7.0 and 7.1-9.0 cm (+1.0; +0.9; +10.6; +1.2), (+1.8; +4.9; +39.8; +2.6), (+2.0; +4.4; +36.8; +2.6), (+1.1; +1.5; +12.9; +2.3); 65x52 (gherkins yield fractions of 5.1-7.0 cm) (+12.2; +7.2; +12.5; +7.0); 43x57 (yield of gherkins of the fraction 5.1-7.0 cm) (+1.0; +2.0; +6.7; +2.0).

scholarly journals NEW PARTHENOCARPIC CUCUMBER HYBRIDS TOLERANT TO DOWNY MILDEW

2018 ◽  
pp. 95-97
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Obruchkov
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Source Material ◽  
The State ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Stable Forms ◽  
Research Institute

Research work was carried out in the State University "Transnistrian Research Institute of agriculture" in film greenhouses (spring-summer and summer turnover) and in the open field on the trellis. The aim of the work is to study the source material and create promising lines of cucumber with high parthenocarpic ability, yield and resistance to downy mildew to obtain on their basis heterosis hybrids of cucumber of universal type for various crop rotations. To achieve this goal in 2013-2017 the following tasks were identified: to study the collection samples and to identify the most resistant to downy mildew; to evaluate the source material and select the stable forms; to study the combinational ability of the main features and properties of the parent forms of cucumber hybrids (parthenocarpy, yield, disease resistance); to study the variability and inheritance of the main useful features and properties; to test promising cucumber hybrids for economically valuable traits and properties. The standards were hybrids Enthusiasm (selection RF) and Claudia (Dutch selection). In order to create a source material of parthenocarpic hybrids of cucumber resistant to peronosporosis, 20 samples of breeding material from different countries of origin were studied in the closed and open ground. Four maternal and six paternal forms, as well as eighteen large-humped hybrid combinations were evaluated by the topcross method according to the complex of economically valuable traits and properties. And full diallele the scheme of the seven lines and forty-two tuberculate hybrid combinations. The regularities of variability and signs manifestation in the first generation of hybrids are studied. Given information about the inheritance of the trait of resistance to downy mildew is a promising parthenocarpic hybrid combinations of cucumber created in the Transnistrian agricultural research Institute. Highlighted is sixty-six hybrid combinations of cucumber. Three samples that showed high resistance to downy mildew, was submitted to the State varietal Inspectorate of the Republic of Moldova and Transnistria under the name Condor, Orlan and Shegol.

scholarly journals Evaluation of onion samples (Allium cepa L.) of various origins in the foothill zone of the North Caucasus and creation of source material fo

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-64
Author(s):  
I. S. Mastyaev ◽  
A. F. Agafonov ◽  
L. V. Krivenkov
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
The North ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
High Yields

Relevance. The success of breeding work is largely determined by the source material, the search and creation of which for target breeding begins with the collection and study of collectible samples for the alignment of morphological features; for the precocity and amity of maturation; for the keeping quality and transportability of bulbs; for the quality of vegetable products (high content of biologically active substances and antioxidants); for resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors of a specific growing zone.Materials and methods. On the basis of the North Caucasus branch FSBSI FSVC, 90 samples of spring onions from 26 countries of the world were evaluated in the number nursery for the period from 2017 to 2019, 71 of them were varieties and 19 were F1 hybrids. In a hybrid nursery, 25 hybrid combinations obtained from FSBSI FSVC (VNIISSOK) were evaluated. The laying and placement of experiments, agricultural techniques of cultivation, accounting and evaluation of economically valuable traits, biochemical analyses were carried out according to generally accepted methods. The standards are the new Primo and Ampex varieties of the selection of the FSBSI FSVC and the Italian F1 hybrid Ranko, which were placed every 10 collection samples.Results.According to the results of the assessment, among the studied F1 varieties and hybrids, sources of economically valuable traits such as yield (20-27 t/ha), precocity (80-90 days), preservation (more than 85%) when laid for long-term storage up to 7 months, purple, white and pink color of bulbs, as well as sources of long-shaped bulbs were identified. The greatest interest for breeding for yield is represented by 9 promising varieties and 9 F1 hybrids of onions of various origins, as well as 4 hybrid combinations that were distinguished by high yields, the yield of marketable products and the mass of marketable bulbs. These samples are recommended for use in the breeding process as sources for the creation of new varieties and hybrids with high yields for the agro-climatic conditions of the foothill zone of the North Caucasus.r breeding

scholarly journals Создание новых форм редиса и редьки (Raphanus sativus L.) с прогнозируемым комплексом хозяйственно ценных признаков при использовании методологии ускоренной селекции

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Kochetov ◽  
N.G. Sinyavina
Keyword(s):  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Intraspecific Diversity ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Raphanus Sativus L ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
Small Radish ◽  
Research Institute

В Агрофизическом научноисследовательском институте (ФГБНУ АФИ) при использовании оригинальной методологии ускоренной селекции получены новые высокопродуктивные формы Raphanus sativus L., предназначенные для выращивания в открытом грунте Ленинградской области (дайкон) и в условиях интенсивной светокультуры (линии редиса и гибриды F1 редиса и дайкона). Цель исследований усовершенствование разработанной авторами методологии ускоренной селекции при создании новых высокопродуктивных форм Raphanus sativus L., адаптированных к конкретным условиям выращивания. При проведении исследований изучено внутривидовое разнообразие корнеплодных культур вида Raphanus sativus L. (более 60 образцов разных экологогеографических групп и происхождения) при выращивании их в интенсивной светокультуре. Растения культивировали под лампами ДНаТ400 и ДНаЗ400 при облучении 70 80 Вт/м2 ФАР. Корнеобитаемой средой служил торф с минеральными добавками, увлажняемый ежедневно раствором 1 н Кнопа при чередовании с водой. Оценена реакция различных сортов лобы и дайкона (35 образцов) на действие длинного дня (18часовой фотопериод) и низких яровизирующих температур, провоцирующих преждевременное цветение. Выделены наиболее резистентные к этим факторам образцы, при гибридизации которых получены трансгрессивные формы дайкона с комплексной устойчивостью к раннему стеблеванию. На их основе создан высокопродуктивный сорт дайкона Петербургский, обладающий устойчивостью к действию длинного дня и пониженных температур, предназначенный для весенних посадок в открытый грунт Ленинградской области. При селекции редиса разработана и реализована стратегия получения высокопродуктивных форм, адаптированных для выращивания в интенсивной светокультуре. Выявлены сорта, способные обеспечивать урожай корнеплодов товарного качества до 3 кг/м2 за 25 суток вегетации, а также сорта редиса источники хозяйственно ценных признаков, реализуемых в этих условиях (максимальная длина/диаметр корнеплода, короткий вегетационный период, устойчивость к стеблеванию, компактная розетка листьев, неопушенный лист и др. Подобраны комбинации скрещивания, в потомстве которых получены гетерозисные и трансгрессивные гибриды, на 160 230 превышающие по массе корнеплодов родительские сорта. На их основе созданы высокопродуктивные скороспелые линии редиса для светокультуры с урожайностью 4,5 5 кг/м2 за 23 25 суток от посева. Показана перспективность работы с гибридным потомством в комбинации скрещивания редис дайкон. Получены гетерозисные гибриды F1 с массой корнеплода 100 150 г (товарная урожайность до 7 кг/м2), формирующиеся за 42 дня от посева.New highly productive forms of Raphanus sativus L. were obtained at the Agrophysical Research Institute (FSBSI ARI) agrophysical Research Institute), using the original methodology of accelerated breeding. They are intended for cultivation in the open ground of the Leningrad Region (daikon) and under conditions of intensive light culture (small radish lines and F1 hybrids of small radish and daikon). The aim of the research is to improve the methodology of accelerated selection developed by the authors for the creation of new highly productive forms of Raphanus sativus L. adapted to specific growing conditions. At first stage, the intraspecific diversity of root crops of the species Raphanus sativus L. (more than 60 cultivars of different groups and origin) was studied in intense light culture. Plants were grown under DNAT400 and DRIKZ400 lamps with irradiation intensity of 70 80 W/m2 of PAR. Root medium was the peat with mineral additives, moisturize daily with a Knop solution by alternating with water. The reactions of different varieties of the East Asian radishes (35 cultivars) on long day conditions (18hour photoperiod) and low spring temperatures were evaluated. The most resistant to these stressors cultivars were identified, and hybridization of them produced transgressive forms of daikon with complex resistance. The revealing of these forms and the subsequent stabilizing selection were performed in the open ground in the Leningrad region at sowing in the first decade of may. As a result of the research, a highly productive variety of daikon Peterburgskyi, adapted to spring sowing in the open ground of the Leningrad region, was obtained. When breeding new forms of radish for light culture, the collection of cultivars of different origin was studied and varieties were identified with a yield of commercial root crops up to 3 kg/m2 for 25 days of vegetation, as well as varieties that are sources of economically valuable traits implemented in conditions of intensive light culture (the maximum length/diameter of the root crop, early maturity, resistance to bolting, compact rosette, glabrous leaf type and etc). Combinations of crosses were selected, in the progeny of which heterotic and transgressive hybrids are obtained, that are 160 230 higher than the parent varieties by weight of root crops. On their basis, highly productive early ripening lines of radish for light culture were created with a yield of 4.5 5 kg/m2 for 23 25 days from sowing. Moreover, the prospectivity of selection work with hybrid offspring in a crossbreeding combination of small radish and daikon in light culture is shown. Heterotic F1 hybrids with a root mass of 100 150 g (yield up to 7 kg/m2) formed 42 days after sowing, were obtained.

scholarly journals Influence of different types of sterile cytoplasms (A3, A4, 9E) on the combining ability of CMS lines of sorghum

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 549-556
Author(s):  
O. P. Kibalnik ◽  
L. A. Elkonin
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Thermal Coefficient ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Dry Seasons

Investigation of the effect of the cytoplasm on the combining ability (CA) of lines with cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is of considerable interest in terms of understanding the genetic functions of the cytoplasm and for practical purposes to create hybrids with improved economically valuable traits. In order to investigate the effect of different types of sterile cytoplasm (A3, A4, 9E) on CA in sorghum, we studied the manifestation of a number of biological and agronomic traits in 54 F1 hybrid combinations obtained using iso-nuclear CMS lines with the nuclear genome of the line Zheltozernoye 10, differing only in the types of sterile cytoplasm (A3, A4 and 9E). Eighteen varieties and lines of grain sorghum developed at the Russian Research and Project-technological Institute of Sorghum and Maize were used as paternal parents. The CA was determined by the topcross method. F1 hybrids and their parents were grown in 2015–2017 in conditions of insufficient (2015–2016: HTC (hydro-thermal coefficient) = 0.32–0.66), or good water availability conditions (2017: HTC = 1.00). On average, for three years of testing, a positive effect of the 9E cytoplasm on the general combining ability (GCA) (0.63) and negative effects of the A3 and A4 cytoplasms (–0.32 and –0.31) for the inflorescence length were noted. In dry seasons, significant positive effects of the 9E cytoplasm on GCA for the length of the largest leaf, and positive effects of the A3 cytoplasm on GCA for the plant height, and negative effects of the A4 cytoplasm on GCA for these traits were observed. No differences were observed during the wet season. The type of CMS did not affect the GCA for the width of the largest leaf and grain yield. The dispersion of specific combining ability (SCA) in the dry seasons was significant for the following traits: leaf length, plant height, panicle length and width, and grain yield, the 9E cytoplasm had the highest SCA dispersion, whereas the A4 cytoplasm had the smallest one. The data obtained indicate that different types of sterile cytoplasm of sorghum make a different contribution to CA under conditions of drought stress.

scholarly journals USE OF HETEROSIS IN THE SELECTION OF TOMATO ON SPEED

2018 ◽  
pp. 36-38
Author(s):  
N. J. Nurmatov ◽  
E. A. Jumayev
Keyword(s):  
Total Yield ◽  
Potato Research ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Maturation Period ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
High Effect ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Selection Of

The research was carried out at the Surkhandarya Scientific Experimental Station of the Vegetable-Melon Plant and Potato Research Institute in 2013-2015.mThe aim of the research was to evaluate F1 hybrids and their parental forms by early maturity and to identify the most promising combinations in the conditions of southern Uzbekistan. The studies are devoted to the selection of the parental forms of tomato of different maturation period and the creation on their basis of F1 tomato hybrids and their evaluation on a set of economically valuable traits, primarily on early maturity. The total yield was highest for Dar Zavolzhye, Chelnok, Persey, Utro-2, Slava Moldova, Gruntoviy Gribovskiy 1180, Lyana (51.4-64.4 t/ha) and F1 hybrids: Ion-N x Persey, Novichok x Persey, Dar Zavolzhye x Slava Moldovy, VIR-100 x Perseus, Gruntoviy Gribovsky 1180 x Liyana, Lyana x Persey, Novichok x Slava Moldova, (76,2-90,8 t/ha). High early yield properties are distinguished in the samples of Ion-N, Lyana, Gruntovy Gribovsky 1180, Utro -2, VIR-100, Dar Zavolzhye (21.7-30.5 t/ha) and hybrid combinations Ion-N x Persey, Novichok x Persey, VIR-100 x Persey, Dar Zavolzhye x Slava Moldovy, Gruntoviy Gribovsky 1180 x Lyana, Lyana x Ion-N, the productivity of which for the first three harvest is 25.8-34.2 t/ha. The high effect of heterosis on the overall yield was noted in combinations of Novichok x Persey, Ion-N x Persey, VIR-100 x Persey, Argo x Slava Moldovy, Lyana x Persey, Dar Zavolzhye x Slava Moldovy, Novichok x Slava Moldovy. The above hybrids exceeded the most productive parent by 21.6-33.6 t / ha. The effect of heterosis was 39.6-64.0%. A high effect of heterosis (from 107.5 to 161.2%) on early yield was noted in combinations of Novichok x Persey, Ion-N x Persey, Dar Zavolzhye x Slava Moldovy, Dar Zavolzhye x Novichok, Lyana x Ion-N. Ion-N, VIR-100, Argo, Lyana, and the Slava Moldovy are distinguished according to this important indicator of the maturity of ripening. Only three combinations of Ion-H x Persey, Ion-N x VIR-100, Lyana x IonN, with the maturity of fruit ripening 43-54%.

scholarly journals Promising varieties and hybrids F1 sweet pepper for the central zone of Uzbekistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 78-82
Author(s):  
T. Kh. Kholmuminov ◽  
M. Kh. Aramov
Keyword(s):  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
The State ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
State Register

Relevance. The State Register of agricultural crops recommended for sowing on the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan includes 47 hybrids and varieties of sweet pepper. Of these, 8 varieties and one F1 hybrid of domestic selection and 31 F1 hybrids of foreign selection (State Register, 2021). However, many of them, especially those of foreign selection, do not meet the requirements of the local market and are not adapted to local climatic conditions. In this regard, a preliminary test of varieties and hybrids included in the State Register, as well as F1 hybrids offered by foreign producers, was carried out in order to identify the most promising varieties for the conditions of the Central zone of Uzbekistan.Material and research methods. A preliminary tests included 20 varieties and F1 hybrids: 7 varieties and 1 hybrid F1 of domestic selection, 2 varieties and 10 F1 hybrids of foreign selection. The experiments were laid on the experimental base of the Research Institute of Plant Genetic Resources.Results. As a result of a comprehensive assessment of 20 varieties and hybrids of F1 sweet pepper, promising samples were identified for both breeding and industrial use. The sources of early maturity can be the Abai and Claudio hybrids, with the duration of the period "seedlings - biological ripeness of fruits" 97-99 days. To create large-fruited varieties in breeding work, F1 hybrids should be used: Procraft, Dallas, Magno, Claudio, Gemini and Zumrad variety. For breeding thick-walled and very thick-walled varieties and hybrids, the varieties Dar Tashkenta, Sabo, Nargiza, Lastochka, Podarok Moldova, Shodlik, Zumrad, etc., as well as F1 hybrids Procraft, Cadia should be used. High total (43.0-54.1 t/ha) and marketable (40.1-50.5 t/ha) yield was noted in hybrids F1. The most promising hybrids are Cadia, Procraft, Magno, Dallas with a total yield of 50.1-54.1 t/ha, against 47.5 t/ha for the F1 Zhaikhun standard. The total and marketable yield of the tested varieties was significantly lower compared to hybrids F1 and amounted to 33.5-38.6 and 30.7-35.7 t/ha, respectively.

scholarly journals Expression of heterosis for productive traits in F1 eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) hybrids

1998 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-103
Author(s):  
João Alencar de Sousa ◽  
Wilson Roberto Maluf
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Early Production ◽  
Productive Traits

This study was carried out to obtain estimates of heterosis in crosses between seven eggplant cultivars (Embu = E; Santa Genebra = SG; Viserba = V; Aubergine de Barbentane = AB; Florida Market 10 = FM; Black Beauty = BB, and Melitino = M) and two breeding lines (B-14-07 = B1 and B-31-06 = B2). The F1 hybrids used were: E x FM; E x BB; E x M; E x B1; E x B2; SG x FM; SG x BB; SG x M; SG x B1; SG x B2; V x FM; V x B1; V x B2; AB x FM; AB x M; AB x B1; AB x B2 and M x FM. Cultivars, lines and hybrids were evaluated at the ESAL experimental field in Lavras, MG, from February to October 1992. A randomized complete block design with three replications was used. Significant heterosis relative to the parental means was detected for all traits studied. Their values ranged from +41.23% to +113.31% for total fruit yield, from -11.45% to +26.17% for average fruit weight, and from +27.98% to +141.81% for early production. Heterosis relative to the superior parent ranged from +13.89% to +92.51% for total fruit yield. Hybrid pairs: SG x FM and AB x B1, V x FM and AB x FM, E x M and AB x B1 were the most heterotic relative to the parental mean for total fruit production, mean fruit weight and early production, respectively. The hybrids displaying highest heterosis relative to the superior parent for total yield were AB x B1 and SG x FM.

scholarly journals Results of the research of onion in the annual culture in the conditions of the Priobskaya zone of the Altai Territory

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
S. V. Zharkova ◽  
E. V. Shishkina
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Cultivation Conditions ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Bulb Onion ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits

Relevance. In the Western Siberia conditions bulb onion is grown mainly from onion sets. With this method of cultivation, large costs are spent on growing and storing the onion sets. In this regard, the cultivation of it through the seeds is of particular importance. This problem has not been studied enough in Priobskaya zone of Altai Territory conditions.Materials and methods. In our research, we studied the influence of cultivation conditions on the formation of economically valuable traits of varieties and a hybrid of bulb onion grown by sowing seeds in the ground in Priobskaya zone of Altai Territory. Three varieties were taken as objects of research: Odnoletniy Sibirskiy, Zolotnichok, Odintsovets, and one Candy F1 hybrid.Results. On average, over the years of research on early maturity, the standard Odnoletniy Sibirskiy variety (87-88 days) showed itself to be the most early maturing. Candy F1 hybrid can be used as a source of early green mass. Leaf regrowth was the earliest of all onion samples studied. The largest leaf apparatus in the conditions of Priobskaya zone of Altai Territory is formed by the varieties Odintsovets (4.1 pieces per plant) and Odnoletniy Sibirskiy (3.8 pieces per plant). The maximum bulb mass was formed by the Candy F1 hybrid (51.5 g). The Candy F1 hybrid also was distinguished by the highest yield in the group of the studied samples. The increase in total yield was 5.1 t/ha, marketable 2.4 t/ha in relation to the standard. The maximum marketability in the experience was in the standard (80.9%).

scholarly journals State and prospects of development of tomato breeding in modern market conditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
I. V. Kozlova
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
The South ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Functional Male Sterility ◽  
Production Technologies

Relevance. To meet the needs of the population and commodity producers in the south of Russia in tomatoes, it is necessary to develop varieties and hybrids of various directions that have high productivity, increased fruit quality and resistance to fungal and bacterial diseases, that meet modern production technologies and market requirements, as well as have an acceptable price for seeds.Aim of study – creation of new maternal tomato lines with functional male sterility for open ground for various purposes (for fresh consumption, whole-fruit canning,), which will make it possible to create highly productive hybrids that meet the agro-climatic conditions of the south of Russia in the future.Materials and methods. The studies were carried out in a breeding film greenhouse and in field conditions on the territory of the experimental plot of FSBSI "Federal Scientific Rice Centre" of the central soil-climatic zone of Krasnodar region. The object of research were mid-ripening tomato varieties included in the competitive testing, sterile tomato lines, new F1 hybrids based on FMS, collection and breeding material. The types of crosses used in the work: analyzing, saturating, top-crosses. To speed up the process of developing new sterile tomato lines in winter, artificial climate chambers were used.Results. As a result of the research, promising new functionally sterile lines of tomato were identified, differing in the length of the vegetation period, weight, color, fruit shape, biochemical parameters, with a number of useful economically valuable traits.

scholarly journals Sequencing an F1 hybrid of Silurus asotus and S. meridionalis enabled the assembly of high-quality parental genomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weitao Chen ◽  
Ming Zou ◽  
Yuefei Li ◽  
Shuli Zhu ◽  
Xinhui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Pelteobagrus Fulvidraco ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Short Reads ◽  
Final Assembly ◽  
Genome Complexity ◽  
Hybrid Genome ◽  
Silurus Asotus

AbstractGenome complexity such as heterozygosity may heavily influence its de novo assembly. Sequencing somatic cells of the F1 hybrids harboring two sets of genetic materials from both of the paternal and maternal species may avoid alleles discrimination during assembly. However, the feasibility of this strategy needs further assessments. We sequenced and assembled the genome of an F1 hybrid between Silurus asotus and S. meridionalis using the SequelII platform and Hi-C scaffolding technologies. More than 300 Gb raw data were generated, and the final assembly obtained 2344 scaffolds composed of 3017 contigs. The N50 length of scaffolds and contigs was 28.55 Mb and 7.49 Mb, respectively. Based on the mapping results of short reads generated for the paternal and maternal species, each of the 29 chromosomes originating from S. asotus and S. meridionalis was recognized. We recovered nearly 94% and 96% of the total length of S. asotus and S. meridionalis. BUSCO assessments and mapping analyses suggested that both genomes had high completeness and accuracy. Further analyses demonstrated the high collinearity between S. asotus, S. meridionalis, and the related Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. Comparison of the two genomes with that assembled only using the short reads from non-hybrid parental species detected a small portion of sequences that may be incorrectly assigned to the different species. We supposed that at least part of these situations may have resulted from mitotic recombination. The strategy of sequencing the F1 hybrid genome can recover the vast majority of the parental genomes and may improve the assembly of complex genomes.

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