scholarly journals UP-TO-DATE VIEW AT THE ROLE OF ASEPTIC INFLAMMATION OF ADIPOSE TISSUE IN THE GENESIS OF OBESITY AND METABOLIC SYNDROME

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. N. Kryukov ◽  
M. M. Ginzburg ◽  
E. V,. Kiseleva
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Aseptic Inflammation ◽  
Systemic Level ◽  
Tissue Sensitivity ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Active Substances

Over the past two decades the views at the role of adipose tissue in the metabolic and energy metabolism have radically changed. There have appeared more and more evidence on the production of biologically active substances by adipose tissue, the so-called adipocytokines that are involved in the regulation of metabolic processes at the local or systemic level, of the tissue sensitivity to insulin, as well as pro-inlammatory or anti-inlammatory effect. By analysing the relationship and interaction of abdominal obesity, aseptic inlammation of adipose tissue and insulin resistance, it should be emphasized that these processes operate on the principle of mutual reinforcement, forming a vicious circle. Further understanding of adipokines and cytokines participation in the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome may contribute to a deeper insight into their biological role.

scholarly journals ENDOCRINE FUNCTION OF ADIPOSE TISSUE (LITERATURE REVIEW)

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Vladimir Georgievich Solovyov ◽  
◽  
Svetlana Petrovna Kalashnikova ◽  
Lyubov Gennadievna Nikonova ◽  
Margarita Albertovna Gagaro
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
Systemic Level ◽  
Tissue Sensitivity ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Active Substances

Adipose tissue serves not only as a place for the accumulation and storage of triacylglycerides as energy substrates, but also produces many hormone-like substances, mediators, cytokines, chemokines that act at the local and systemic level and aff ect metabolism, regulate tissue sensitivity to insulin, reproductive and the immune system. The review presents the current results of scientifi c research on the problem of the physiological role of biologically active substances produced by adipose tissue and their participation in the development of metabolic disorders.

scholarly journals ROLE OF PATHOLOGICAL NEW FORMATIONS AND THEIR AGENTS IN THE FUNCTIONING OF NATURAL ECOSYSTEMS OF FOREST PARK ZONES

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-34
Author(s):  
Irina Kazbanova
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Tree Plantations ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Forest Park ◽  
Artificial Ecosystems ◽  
Biological Aspects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Active Substances

In recent years, there has been great interest in pathogenic growths in plants and their pathogens. This is explained by the possibilities of their use in various environmental spheres and covers biological aspects of natural and artificial ecosystems in normal and disturbed state, as well as the assessment and forecasting of natural cycles of biologically active substances, the ability of ecosystems to self-purify, and an assessment of the positive human impact on nature. That is why, it is extremely important (for the preservation and development of the normal functioning of natural ecosystems) to find out the real significance of natural factors and development of gall formation processes in natural ecosystems, as well as the actual scale of anthropogenic impact in them. This is especially important when disturbances have reached high levels and are critical in the natural environment in forest park zones. One of the important parts of the problem is assessment of predicting the natural environment in forest park zones. Therefore, it becomes necessary to consider the relationship between tree plantations in forest park zones and pathogens of pathological neoplasms. It is also necessary to find out what there is a relationship between tree plantations and pathogens of pathological growths.

scholarly journals Metabolic role of visceral adipose tissue and main methods of its diagnosis at the present stage

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G.D. Fadieienko ◽  
Ya.V. Nikiforova
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltration ◽  
Endocrine Organ ◽  
Metabolic Functions ◽  
Metabolic Role ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Active Substances

A review of the literature on the metabolic role of visceral adipose tissue and the main methods for its diagnosis is presented. Visceral adipose tissue is an active endocrine organ what secretes a number of biologically active substances. With an increase in the proportion of visceral adipose tissue, moderate inflammation is observed with a chronic systemic increase in the activity of adipokines. Adipokines carry out several immune or metabolic functions associated with inflammatory infiltration. Active substances such as leptin, adiponectin, resistin, etc., the source of which is visceral adipose tissue, have peripheral, central and local effects on the metabolism of glucose and lipids, glycolysis processes in the liver, etc. It is the activity of visceral adipose tissue that should be considered among the main pathophysiological development factors obesity and its potential metabolic cardiovascular and/or liver complications.

scholarly journals Metabolic disorders in adipocytokine imbalance and gestational complications

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalya B. Chabanova ◽  
Sergey I. Mataev ◽  
Tatiana N. Vasilkova ◽  
Irina A. Troshina
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Endocrine Organ ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Tissue Sensitivity ◽  
Active Substances

Adipose tissue as an endocrine organ synthesizes a large number of biologically active substances, adipocytokines, which have both local and systemic effects influencing the vascular wall, tissue sensitivity to insulin, glucose metabolism, and systemic inflammation. The data obtained from clinical and experimental studies demonstrate the close relationship between the imbalance of adipocytokines and pregnancy complications such as insulin resistance, gestational diabetes, and preeclampsia. In this connection, close attention of obstetrician-gynecologists and endocrinologists is focused on etiopathogenic aspects of the formation of gestational complications with metabolic disorders caused by an imbalance of adipocytokines with maternal obesity and to the search for markers of these disorders. The review presents the current literature data on adipose tissue hormones and their influence on the course of a gestational process.

On Metaphysics and the Political: A Polemics of Reading Baudelaire in the 1930s

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-259
Author(s):  
Joseph Acquisto
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Modern Poetry ◽  
Progressive Politics ◽  
The World ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

This essay examines a polemic between two Baudelaire critics of the 1930s, Jean Cassou and Benjamin Fondane, which centered on the relationship of poetry to progressive politics and metaphysics. I argue that a return to Baudelaire's poetry can yield insight into what seems like an impasse in Cassou and Fondane. Baudelaire provides the possibility of realigning metaphysics and politics so that poetry has the potential to become the space in which we can begin to think the two of them together, as opposed to seeing them in unresolvable tension. Or rather, the tension that Baudelaire animates between the two allows us a new way of thinking about the role of esthetics in moments of political crisis. We can in some ways see Baudelaire as responding, avant la lettre, to two of his early twentieth-century readers who correctly perceived his work as the space that breathes a new urgency into the questions of how modern poetry relates to the world from which it springs and in which it intervenes.

scholarly journals Designing for international law: The architecture of international organizations 1922–1952

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Miriam Bak McKenna
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
International Law ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
International Organization ◽  
International Labour Organization ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Physical Manifestation ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Do So

Abstract Situating itself in current debates over the international legal archive, this article delves into the material and conceptual implications of architecture for international law. To do so I trace the architectural developments of international law’s organizational and administrative spaces during the early to mid twentieth century. These architectural endeavours unfolded in three main stages: the years 1922–1926, during which the International Labour Organization (ILO) building, the first building exclusively designed for an international organization was constructed; the years 1927–1937 which saw the great polemic between modernist and classical architects over the building of the Palace of Nations; and the years 1947–1952, with the triumph of modernism, represented by the UN Headquarters in New York. These events provide an illuminating allegorical insight into the physical manifestation, modes of self-expression, and transformation of international law during this era, particularly the relationship between international law and the function and role of international organizations.

Abstract 461: Role of Physical Training Intensity in Metabolic and Cardiovascular Dysfunctions in a Fructose Overload Model

Hypertension ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline F Machi ◽  
Nathalia Bernardes ◽  
Danielle S Dias ◽  
Cristiano Mostarda ◽  
Edson Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Maximal Exercise Test ◽  
Baroreceptor Sensitivity ◽  
Chronic Effects ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

This study evaluated the chronic effects of the run and walk in the metabolic and cardiovascular parameters of a metabolic syndrome experimental model. Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups(n=8): Control (C),Sedentary Fructose (SF), Fructose Run (FR) and Fructose Walk (FW, n= 8). Metabolic syndrome (MS) induction was performed with D-fructose in drinking water for 18 weeks. The exercise training was initiated after the nineth week of treatment with fructose and was held for 8 weeks (60 minutes/day, 5 times / week). The FW and FR were performed on a treadmill (1 h/day; 5 days/wk for 8 wk), with ∼20% and 60% intensities respectively of the maximum speed in a maximal exercise test. Plasma glucose, triglycerides, insulin resistance, adipose tissue, blood pressure, heart rate, baroreceptor sensitivity and sympathetic and parasympathetic tone, were evaluated at the end of protocol. The results showed that run and walking decreased the adipose tissue (FR: 2.97±0.2; FW: 4.26±0.9; SF: 6.49±0.6; C: 3.23±0.2 g). The glycemia values remained within the normal range,(FR: 86.7±2.3; WF: 91.0±1.4; SF: 70.2±1.9; C: 84±2.3 mg/dl), however only the FR group decreased the triglycerides levels (FR: 133±8.8; FW: 159±10.2; SF: 220±6.3; C: 96± 4.2 mg/dl), and the insulin resistance (FR: 4.37±0.1; FW: 3.55±0.2; SF: 2.79±0.3; C: 4.86±0.3 %/min). The FR group showed a reduction in mean arterial pressure (FR: 111±4.5, FW: 125±4.1; SF: 137±2.6, C: 113±1.5 mmHg) and increased of bradycardic (FR 1.76±0.08; FW 1.31±0.10; SF 1.37±0.10; C 1.72±0.14 bpm/mmHg) and tachycardic response to BP changes (FR 4.02±0.32; FW 2.56±0.16; SF 1.97±0.15; C (and C 3.25±0.37 bpm/mmHg). Finally we observed that only the FR group showed an increase of the vagal tone (FR: 72.3±8.1, FW: 47.3±6.7; FS: 40.3±4.6, C: 60.7±6.5 bpm). In conclusion, our results suggest that training walk (FW), a practice widely recommended, is especially effective for the treatment of metabolic disorders, whereas controlled exercise (FR) seems to encompass hemodynamic and metabolic aspects. This application is easy and within reach of the majority of the population, indicating that this practice should be encouraged and may be effective in managing cardiovascular risk in MS as start therapeutic. Sources of Funding:FAPESP.

scholarly journals Gormony zhirovoy tkani i funktsional'nayaaktivnost' shchitovidnoy zhelezy

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 8-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
N A Petunina ◽  
N E Al'tshuler ◽  
N G Rakova ◽  
L V Trukhina
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Tissue Hormones

The review presents a recent data from the literature on the physiologic and pathophysiologic role of adipose tissue hormones (adiponectin, resistin, leptin). The article details the role of adipocytokines in atherogenesis. It also presents the results of studies depicting the relationship between subclinical hypothyroidism, lipid metabolism and insulin resistance as well as the impact of thyroid dysfunction upon the secretion of adipocytokines.

scholarly journals Insight into the Double-Edged Role of Ferroptosis in Disease

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1790
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Ruohan Jia ◽  
Huizhen Li ◽  
Huarun Yu ◽  
Keke Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Disease Treatment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
New Strategies ◽  
Research Hotspots

Ferroptosis, a newly described type of iron-dependent programmed cell death that is distinct from apoptosis, necroptosis, and other types of cell death, is involved in lipid peroxidation (LP), reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Accumulating evidence has highlighted vital roles for ferroptosis in multiple diseases, including acute kidney injury, cancer, hepatic fibrosis, Parkinson’s disease, and Alzheimer’s disease. Therefore, ferroptosis has become one of the research hotspots for disease treatment and attracted extensive attention in recent years. This review mainly summarizes the relationship between ferroptosis and various diseases classified by the system, including the urinary system, digestive system, respiratory system, nervous system. In addition, the role and molecular mechanism of multiple inhibitors and inducers for ferroptosis are further elucidated. A deeper understanding of the relationship between ferroptosis and multiple diseases may provide new strategies for researching diseases and drug development based on ferroptosis.

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