scholarly journals CARACTERIZAÇÃO DA PESCA E PERFIL DOS PESCADORES ARTESANAIS DO MUNICÍPIO DE CARUTAPERA, LITORAL OCIDENTAL MARANHENSE, BRASIL = CHARACTERIZATION OF THE ARTISANAL FISHERY AND PROFILE OF ARTISANAL FISHERMEN IN THE MUNICIPALITY CARUTAPERA, WESTERN COAST OF MARANHÃO, BRAZIL

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogério Barroso Souza ◽  
Jonatas da Silva Castro ◽  
Rayssa de Lima Cardoso ◽  
Thiago Campos de Santana ◽  
Erivânia Gomes Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
Artisanal Fishery ◽  
Artisanal Fishing ◽  
Gill Net ◽  
Socioeconomic Profile ◽  
Micropogonias Furnieri ◽  
Fish Trade

No litoral ocidental maranhense a pesca apresenta grande relevância social e econômica. Neste artigo objetivou-se caracterizar a pesca artesanal do município de Carutapera (Maranhão, Brasil), realizando aplicações de 50 questionários, voltados ao entendimento sobre o perfil socioeconômico dos pescadores e pescadoras, das estruturas de pesca e da comercialização do pescado. Os resultados revelaram que 70% eram do gênero masculino com média de idade de 43 anos. No que concerne ao nível de escolaridade dos pescadores e pescadoras entrevistados, 36% relataram ter ensino fundamental completo, dos quais 28% iniciaram o ensino médio e não terminaram; e 36% possuíam apenas o ensino fundamental incompleto. O índice de analfabetos foi de apenas 2%. A pesca era praticada com exclusividade por 52% deles, enquanto outros exerciam atividades como: construção civil (27%), conserto de redes de pesca (13%), agricultura (6%) e carpintaria (2%). Em relação à naturalidade, 60% eram naturais do estado do Maranhão e 40% do estado do Pará. O apetrecho de pesca mais utilizado nas capturas foi a rede de emalhar (24%) e os menos utilizados a zangaria (2%) e a faca (2%), esse último usado principalmente para a remoção de ostras. Quanto ao tipo de embarcação, a maioria dos pescadores e pescadoras artesanais faziam uso de canoas motorizadas e barcos de pequeno porte a motor, com comprimento variando de 8 metros a 11 metros. Entre as espécies mais capturadas está a pescada amarela (Cynoscion acoupa), espécie que tem um alto valor comercial, porém outras como a cururuca (Micropogonias furnieri) e peixe-pedra (Genyatremus luteus) são espécies capturadas durante todo o ano com boa produção. Um dos grandes problemas relatados é a falta de estrutura organizacional, evidenciando o descaso que se encontra a pesca artesanal no município.AbstractIn western coast of Maranhão, fishing has great social and economic relevance. In this article, aimed to characterize the artisanal fishing in the municipality of Carutapera (Maranhão, Brazil), using 50 questionnaires to understand the socioeconomic profile of fishermen and fisherwomen, fishing structures and fish trade. The results showed that 70% where male with an average age of 43 years. Regarding education level, 36% reported having completed elementary school, of which 28% started high school but did not complete it; and 36% had only incomplete primary education. The illiteracy rate was 2%. Fishing was practiced exclusively by 52% of them, while others had activities such as: civil construction (27%), repairing fishing nets (13%), agriculture (6%) and carpentry (2%). Regarding naturalness, 60% were from Maranhão state and 40% were from Pará state. The most used fishing tackle in the catches was the gill net (24%) and the least used were the zangraria (2%) and the knife (2%), the latter mainly used for the removal of oysters. Regarding type of vessel, most fishermen and fisherwomen used motorized canoes and small motor boats, with a length ranging from 8 meters to 11 meters. Among the most caught species is acoupa weakfish (Cynoscion acoupa), a species that has a high commercial value, but others such as whitemouth croaker (Micropogonias furnieri) and torroto grunt (Genyatremus luteus) are species captured throughout the year with suitable production. One of the major problems reported is the lack of organizational structure, showing the neglect of artisanal fishing in the municipality. 

scholarly journals Technical efficiency in the Malaysian gill net artisanal fishery

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale Squires ◽  
R. Quentin Grafton ◽  
Mohammed Ferdous Alam ◽  
Ishak Haji Omar
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Fishing Communities ◽  
Artisanal Fisheries ◽  
Artisanal Fishery ◽  
Artisanal Fishing ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Artisanal Fishers ◽  
Gill Net ◽  
Using Data ◽  
High Level

Artisanal fishing communities include some of the ‘poorest of the poor’. Using data from gill net fishers in Malaysia, the paper presents the first technical efficiency study of an artisanal fishery and finds that artisanal fishers are poor, but enjoy a high level of technical efficiency. If the relatively high levels of technical efficiency found in the Malaysian gill net fishery existed in other artisanal fisheries, it suggests that targeted development assistance that has traditionally been focussed on the harvesting sector may be better directed to other priorities in artisanal fishing communities.

scholarly journals The effects of mother’s education on achieving exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agung Dwi Laksono ◽  
Ratna Dwi Wulandari ◽  
Mursyidul Ibad ◽  
Ina Kusrini
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Mother’S Education ◽  
Mother’S Age ◽  
Mother's Education

Abstract Background Even though the Indonesian government have set regulations for maintaining exclusive breastfeeding practices, the coverage remains low. The study aims to analyze the effects of mother’s education level on the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia. Methods This study used data from the 2017 Nutrition Status Monitoring Survey. It covered data of 53,528 children under 5 years old (7–59 months) as the samples. Variables included exclusive breastfeeding status, mother’s education level, mother’s age, marital status, employment status, gender, residence, under five’s age and gender. A binary logistics regression was performed in the final test. Results Mothers who graduated from elementary school were 1.167 times more likely to perform exclusive breastfeeding compared to mothers who never attended schools. Additionally, those who graduated from junior high school had 1.203 times possibilities to give exclusive breastfeeding compared to mothers without educational records. While, mothers who graduated from high school were 1.177 times more likely to perform exclusive breastfeeding compared to those without educational records. Mothers who graduated from tertiary education had 1.203 times more possibilities to perform exclusive breastfeeding compared to mothers who were never enrolled to schools. Other variables also became affecting predictors on exclusive breastfeeding, such as mother’s age, mother’s employment status, child’s age, and residence. Conclusions The mother’s education level positively affects exclusive breastfeeding practice in Indonesia.

Predation by southern sea lions (Otaria flavescens) on artisanal fishing catches in Uruguay

2002 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Szteren ◽  
Enrique Páez
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Shallow Waters ◽  
Fishing Gear ◽  
Artisanal Fishery ◽  
Artisanal Fishing ◽  
Catch Per Unit Effort ◽  
Sea Lion ◽  
Otaria Flavescens ◽  
Sea Lions ◽  
Unit Effort

Southern sea lions (Otaria flavescens) forage in coastal fishery grounds in shallow waters, where they interact with coastal fishing activities. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the predation of southern sea lions on artisanal fishery catches and thus determine whether interactions with sea lions affected catches. Between July 1997 and March 1998, we observed 53 fishing events onboard artisanal fishing boats in four localities. The presence and number of sea lions around the boat and the numbers of each fish species consumed by sea lions were recorded by an onboard observer. To estimate the damage caused by sea lions to fishery catches, we considered two scenarios, a conservative scenario and a maximized scenario. Predation on catches was observed in 50.9% of all the fishing events and up to four sea lions were sighted in 67.9% of fishing events. Considering a conservative scenario, predation varied from 0.8 to 9.1% of the catch per unit effort (CPUE) depending on the location. Considering the maximized scenario, predation varied from 3.4 to 46.2%. However, no significant relationship was found between CPUE and the number of sea lions in any locality or with either type of fishing gear. Furthermore, CPUE did not differ in the presence or absence of sea lion interactions and predation per unit effort did not vary between localities or seasons. It was concluded that neither the presence of sea lions nor the damage they cause were responsible for variations in CPUE.

scholarly journals Association between parental socioeconomic status and offspring overweight/obesity from the China Family Panel Studies: a longitudinal survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. e045433
Author(s):  
Suqin Ding ◽  
Jingqi Chen ◽  
Bin Dong ◽  
Jie Hu
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Average Household Income ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Parental Socioeconomic Status

ObjectiveTo examine the association between parental socioeconomic status (SES) and the risk of offspring overweight/obesity and the changes of the association that occur as children grow older.DesignWe used data from the nationally representative longitudinal survey of the China Family Panel Studies of 2010 and its three follow-up waves in 2012, 2014 and 2016.ParticipantsA total of 6724 children aged 0–15 years old were included.Primary and secondary outcome measuresAverage household income and paternal and maternal education levels were used as SES indicators. Logistic regression model for panel data was used to examine the associations between SES indicators and child overweight/obesity. A restricted cubic spline linear regression model was used to estimate body mass index (BMI) trajectories with child growth across parental SES levels.ResultsCompared with the lowest education level (primary school or less), the ORs for fathers who had completed junior high school, senior high school and junior college or higher were 0.85 (95% CI 0.75 to 0.97), 0.77 (95% CI 0.64 to 0.92) and 0.72 (95% CI 0.55 to 0.93), respectively. The corresponding ORs for mothers were 0.76 (95% CI 0.67 to 0.86), 0.59 (95% CI 0.47 to 0.72) and 0.45 (95% CI 0.34 to 0.60), respectively. A negative association between parental education and offspring overweight/obesity was observed in the first 10 years but not in children 11–15 years old. BMI differences across parental education levels emerged from birth and widened before 6–7 years old, but decreased before adolescence. High average household income was related to a low risk of offspring overweight/obesity but not when parental education level was adjusted for.ConclusionHigh parental education levels were associated with a low risk of offspring overweight/obesity, especially before adolescence. Effective approaches need to be adopted in early childhood to reduce socioeconomic differences in overweight/obesity.

Characterization of queen conch (Aliger gigas) artisanal fishing prior to and after the five-year ban at Chinchorro Bank Biosphere Reserve, Mexico

2021 ◽  
pp. 102074
Author(s):  
Miguel Mateo Sabido-Itzá ◽  
Carmen Amelia Villegas-Sánchez ◽  
Martha Beatriz Hernández-Millán ◽  
Alejandro Medina-Quej ◽  
María del Carmen García-Rivas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Artisanal Fishing ◽  
Queen Conch

scholarly journals Production and Characterization of Graphene and Other 2-dimensional Nanomaterials: An AP High School Inquiry Lab (Curriculum Exchange)

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Fielding ◽  
Dale Brown ◽  
Richard Livingston ◽  
Curtis Heishman ◽  
Louis Nadelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School

scholarly journals Perkembangan Kognitif Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun di Tinjau dari Tingkat Pendidikan Ibu Di Paud Kasih Ibu Kecamatan Rumbai

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-178
Author(s):  
Heleni Filtri ◽  
Al Khudri Sembiring
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Education Sector ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Integrated Education ◽  
The Family

Abstrak "Pendidikan adalah kesadaran untuk mengembangkan kepribadian dan kemampuan di dalam dan luar sekolah dan berlangsung seumur hidup", yang dilaksanakan di dalam lingkungan keluarga, sekolah dan masyarakat. Suatu lembaga pendidikan pasti mengharapkan tercapainya tujuan pendidikan yang mana dapat membantu terwujudnya tujuan nasional. Keterpaduan pendidikan baik keluarga, sekolah dan masyarakat sangat menentukan keberhasilan dalam dunia pendidikan. Keluarga merupakan lembaga pendidikan tertua, yang pertama dan utama dialami oleh anak dan lembaga pendidikan yang bersifat kodrat. Sekolah sebagai lembaga pendidikan formal hakekatnya merupakan lembaga yang mendapat kepercayaan dari orang tua untuk mendidik anak-anaknya dengan tanggung jawab yang terbatas, sesuai dengan fungsi dan tujuan lembaga pendidikan tersebut. Orang tua khususnya ibu mempunyai andil keberhasilan anaknya. Ibu adalah pendidik pertama, utama dan kodrat. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dengan judul " Perkembangan Kognitif Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun di tinjau dari tingkat Pendidikan Ibu Berdasarkan hasil data penelitian yang ditemukan bahwa tingkat pendidikan ibu dengan kategori sarjana lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan ibu yang tingkat pendidikan SLTA/SMK dan SLTP dalam hal mengoptimalkan perkembangan kognitif anak Rumbai Kota Perkanbaru   Abstract Education is understanding to develop the personality and in and out of school and lasted for hidup' , which was carried out within the family , schools and the community .An institution must expect the achievement of the aims of education where it can help maintaining national goals .Both the integrated education , schools and community it is the success in education sector .The family was the oldest educational institutions , first and foremost for children and educational institution that is nature .Schools as formal educational institutions is a substance that was commissioned from parents to educate anak-anaknya with limited responsibility , in accordance with its function and purpose the educational institutions. Parents especially mother have a share the success of his son.Mother is educator first, main and partaking. Research methodology used is descriptive quantitative.Based on the research done with a title ' cognitive development children aged 5-6 years in review of the education level of mothers based on the results of lab data found that the education level of mothers to a category scholar higher than with the levels of education senior high school and vocational and junior high school in terms of optimize cognitive development children tassel city perkanbaru

scholarly journals ASPECTOS BIOLÓGICOS E SOCIOECONÔMICOS DA PESCA ESPORTIVA NO “DECK DO PESCADOR" DE SANTOS (SP, BRASIL)

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Barrella ◽  
Natália Cachola ◽  
Milena Ramires ◽  
Matheus Marcos Rotundo
Keyword(s):  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Commercial Fishing ◽  
College Degree ◽  
Sport Fishing ◽  
Target Species ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Trichiurus Lepturus ◽  
Socioeconomic Profile ◽  
Micropogonias Furnieri

Sport fishing is one of the fastest growing leisure categories in today's world. In Brazil it is also practiced as a sport or leisure, noncommercial purposes. However, few studies are conducted in order to manage this activity in a sustainable manner. This study aimed to analyze sport fishing, practiced the "Fisherman’s Deck" (Santos, SP, Brazil), describing their biological characteristics and the socioeconomic profile of its participants. We interviewed 150 fishermen, aged between 12 and 82 years, 85% male. The majority (56%) has a college degree and resides near the fishing spot. The target species are swordfish (Trichiurus lepturus), bass (Centropomus spp.), Hake (Cynoscion spp.), betara (Menticirrhus americanus), corvina (Micropogonias furnieri) and hake-yellow (Macrodon atricauda). Three types of fishing, bottom fishing, surface and crab were identified. Fishermen indicated that fish stocks have declined due to increased commercial fishing and pollution. Each fishery lasted on average 5.0 (S.D.=2.1) hours and captured 850,8g (S.D.=962.5) g / angler / day. The estimated catch for the study period was 1314.8 (S.D.=1919.1) kg, representing less than 3% of fish landed by commercial fishing. Therefore, sport fishing from "Fisherman’s Deck" causes low impact to regional fish stocks.

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION OF ARTISANAL FISHING IN FISHWEIRS, THE NORTH COAST OF PARAIBA, BRAZIL

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Glória Cristina Cornélio Do Nascimento ◽  
Eduardo Beltrão de Lucena Córdula ◽  
Reinaldo Farias Paiva De Lucena ◽  
Ricardo De Souza Rosa ◽  
José Da Silva Mourão
Keyword(s):  
North Coast ◽  
Artisanal Fishing ◽  
The North ◽  
Trichiurus Lepturus ◽  
Caranx Hippos

Estratégias tradicionais de pesca são utilizadas por comunidades de pescadores em todo o mundo, dentre elas os “currais”, que são armadilhas fixas construídas na zona costeira. O objetivo do presente estudo foi caracterizar e descrever as formas de manejo destes “currais” pelos pescadores do litoral da Paraíba. Foram utilizadas entrevistas livres, “rapport”,“Snow ball” e formulário semiestruturado nas visitas mensais aos cinco “currais” entre os meses de novembro 2012 até março de 2013. Foi quantificada a produção dos currais e identificada as espécies mais capturadas. Os dados mostraram que estas armadilhas são constituídas por compartimentos e passam por fases em terra e mar até serem totalmente ativadas. O total da produção de peixes foi de 303 kg. As espécies predominantes foram: Mugil curema and Mugil liza, Trichiurus lepturus, Caranx hippos, Selene vomer, Selene setapinnis, Diapterus auratus e Diapterus rhombeus. Conclui-se que este tipo de pesca é utilizado há décadas no litoral da Paraíba, demonstrando existir manejo e técnicas próprias com relações de trabalhos inerentes a este tipo de armadilha.

scholarly journals Lifestyle breast cancer patients among Indonesian women: A nationwide survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 730
Author(s):  
Solikhah Solikhah ◽  
Khairunnisaa Nuur Aliifah Setyawati ◽  
Monthida Sangruangake
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
High School ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Significance Level

Recently, cancer is a major health problem in the world. Lifestyle changes and growing urbanization likely led to increasing breast cancer incidence in such in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aimed to explore lifestyle breast cancer patients among Indonesian women. The investigation was a cross-sectional study distributed among 3,392 females drawn from 13 out of 27 provinces in Indonesia. Multiple binary logistic regressions were conducted to investigate breast cancer risk among Indonesian. A significance level of 0.05 was employed in all analysis. Of the 3,392 respondents included in the analysis, more than half (52.71%; n=1,788) was aged 40–49 years old. The most common marital status of the participants was married (98.20%; n=3,331), followed by no smoking (94.69%; n=3,212) and active exercise (62.12%; n=2,107). Education level was significantly associated with breast cancer (AdjOR_Junior high school=0.21; 95%CI=0.06 to 0.70; p<0.01 and AdjOR_senior high school=0.60; 95%CI=0.15 to 2.26; p<0.05). Education level was significantly related to breast cancer. Lifestyle such as smoking and physical activity was suspected to affect breast cancer indirectly.

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