scholarly journals Regional tourism during the COVID-19 pandemic: Losses, missed opportunities and new developments for the tourism industry

Turyzm ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-86
Author(s):  
Beata Gierczak-Korzeniowska ◽  
Krzysztof Szpara ◽  
Mateusz Stopa
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Missed Opportunities ◽  
Regional Tourism ◽  
New Development ◽  
To Come

As a result of the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, tourism, as one of the branches of many national economies, has suffered heavy losses both nationally and regionally. The pandemic as a global phenomenon is bound to change tourism, at least for some time to come. Therefore, questions arise about the nature of these changes and how deep they will be. The aim of the article is to show that for Podkarpackie Province in Poland, the COVID-19 pandemic, apart from the obvious negative consequences for the tourism industry, has also brought new development opportunities. The analyses presented here are based on a survey conducted among 948 adult respondents in 10 different locations within three districts between 15 and 30 August 2020. The analysis showed that during the pandemic, nature-related travel and active tourism, as well as trips aimed at health recovery were in high demand. Ensuring health and safety on holidays became a priority. Therefore, a concentration of tourism was observed in selected domestic destinations, usually in areas not associated with tourism (e.g. rural areas). In the future, this may create opportunities for a revival of local tourism. In contrast, the tourism industry suffered its greatest losses in cities; business and event tourism lost out, and there was a significant drop in revenue from both domestic and foreign tourists. These results indicate the negative effects of the pandemic, but also show new development opportunities. No one knows how long COVID-19 will continue, so the conclusions may be useful both for entrepreneurs preparing their tourist offers in the coming years, and institutions responsible for regional tourism policy.

scholarly journals Socio-spatial conflicts caused by an unfavourable rural structure and out-of-date Land and Property Register

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Głowacka ◽  
Tomasz Noszczyk ◽  
Jarosław Taszakowski ◽  
Józef Hernik
Keyword(s):  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Spatial Relations ◽  
Land Consolidation ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Small Surface ◽  
Conflict Situations

AbstractThis article addresses the issue of conflict situations caused by an out-of-date Land and Property Register (LPR) and the disadvantageous structure of rural areas in southern Poland. In this part of the country, holdings are very fragmented and scattered, made up of a large number of small surface area plots located far from the headquarters of the holding. The aim of the article is to present actions that can help improve rural spatial structure and validity of the land register. The authors have, therefore, analysed the problems that may result in both spatial and social conflicts. The following were analysed in particular: discrepancies between data in the LPR and the existing factual state, plots without access to public roads, property ownership structure, the necessity to regulate property boundaries, and problems with the procedure for taking land out of agricultural production. The article presents both positive and negative effects of the land consolidation and exchange process, modernisation of the Land and Property Register, and their impact on socio-spatial conflicts. Its results indicated that the land consolidation procedure and LPR modernisation have a significant impact on socio-spatial relations in rural areas. It has been found that despite the fact that both these activities may give rise to new disputes in addition to resolving conflicts, the overall balance is positive. It is because more positive aspects of these actions were found than negative consequences.

scholarly journals Industrial Robotic Systems & International Human Rights

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Abbas Basiri ◽  
Reza Mousazadeh
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Industrial Robots ◽  
Robotic Systems ◽  
Employment Rate ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
International Human Rights ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
International Human

The development and growth of industrial robots started in 1947. The velocity of this process has increased as a result of development technology. Now, industrial robots have broad applications. They can be substituted for human force in different industries. The ever increasing growth and development of robotic technology in the field of industry was always challenging. One of these important challenges emphasizes on the negative effect of robotics on employment rate. As a result of cost reduction and production improvement, industrial countries have been motivated to employ robots and substitute them for workers in production lines. However, the broad use of robotic systems in the field of industry can have negative consequences in different societies. One of the common and negative effects of these systems is the reduction of employment opportunities which increases unemployment for those who look for jobs and for employed individuals. It can lead to employment insecurity and threat the health and safety of workers. These matters violate the human rights regarding the security and health of individuals, equality of opportunity, and particularly the employment rate. It also violates the employment standards supported by the international human rights instruments. 

scholarly journals Political disputes and consequences on tourism

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-116
Author(s):  
Sotiroula Liasidou
Keyword(s):  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Status ◽  
Political Problem ◽  
The Republic ◽  
To Come ◽  
Republic Of Cyprus ◽  
Data Inquiry

Abstract The aim of the paper is to identify the stance of tourism industry practitioners in the Republic of Cyprus in the case of reunification. Since 1974 and the Turkish invasion, one third of the island’s territory has remained under an illegal occupation. Discussing Cyprus’ political problem and the potential of reunification in relation to the tourism industry is a new concept in nature. The tourism industry will be the vehicle for further economic development. So, it is imperative to understand the opinions of tourism stakeholders and decision makers who will potentially be involved in the development of tourism in the reunited island. In order to identify the consequences of the status quo on the Republic, the views of 26 powerful elite people, both in the public and private sectors of the country, were collected through a qualitative data inquiry using semi-structured interviews. The results of the study suggest that the inability to come up with a viable solution has many negative consequences on the tourism industry of the island. The results of the study suggest that a possible reunification will render Cyprus as an innovative tourism destination.

TOURISM SAFETY DURING THE PANDEMIC: STATISTICS AND ANALYTICS

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raisa Kozhukhіvska ◽  
◽  
Оlena Sakovska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The World ◽  
Precautionary Measures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Statistical Indicators

The article analyzes statistical indicators of tourism development and investigates safety issues in tourism. The negative consequences in tourism that occurred as a result of the spread of the disease caused by coronavirus infection has been analyzed. It is marked, that as a result of distribution of pandemic there was a fall of the world economy, volumes of trade and prices of the goods and services, capital outflow from new market economies. It is established that the tourism industry is one of the most important indicators of socio-economic development of both some regions and the country as a whole. But due to the restrictions caused by the spread of the pandemic, the tourism industry is facing a crisis that may be the worst in the history of the world economy. It is noted that if precautionary measures are not taken soon, the tourism industry will face an economic crisis from which it will be difficult to recover and millions of people working in the tourism industry will be out of work. Therefore, there is a need to develop ways to overcome the crisis caused by the spread of an infectious disease caused by coronavirus. It is pointed out that during the pandemic caused by COVID-19, it was tourism that suffered the most, in particular because of the restrictive measures imposed by States on the movement of citizens, quarantine, prohibition of air travelling, etc. A detailed analysis of analytical and statistical indicators of tourist travel in the world and Ukraine has been conducted. It is noted that due to the pandemic caused by COVID-19, the global tourism sector in 2022 may miss a third of revenues planned for this period. The measures to mitigate the impact of the crisis in Ukraine, which are proposed by experts of the tourism industry has been considered. Proposals on ways out of the crisis situation for the Ukrainian sphere of tourism, the implementation of which will reduce the negative effects associated with pendemia, have been developed. It is noted that the main activities should be the state support for entrepreneurs that are doing business in tourism, the expansion of Internet services and improving of its services, particularly in the field of booking and reservation of tourist services.

scholarly journals Ferðaþjónusta og virkjanir til bjargar byggðum?

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Dóra Sæþórsdóttir ◽  
Þorkell Stefánsson
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Tourist Industry ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Tourist Service

Opportunities in the tourism industry along with the harnessing of energy resources are commonly referred to as means of dealing with changes in employment structure, to counteract depopulation in rural areas, and as a way to create capital. Both fields utilize nature as a resource, but can they coexist or are conflicts foreseeable? In order to find out whether the tourist industry consider that proposed power plant developments will diminish the possibilities of the tourism sector to strengthen local settlements semi-structured interviews were conducted with 65 tourist service providers in six different parts of Iceland. In the opinion of the interviewees the tourism sector is the industry that offers the best long-term possibilities to strengthen the economy in rural areas and most of them had seen clear indications of this in recent years. Many interviewees felt that energy production and tourism do not concur because the negative effects energy production can have on nature, the core resource for the tourist industry. Uncertainty over where power developments will be located was thought to have delayed investment and marketing efforts in certain areas. A few of the interviewees mentioned examples of successful cohabitation of energy production and tourism and it was pointed out that favourable collaboration between the two industries could diminish their conflict of interest. Moreover, it was stated that the income from both industries could reach the areas where it was generated more effectively.

Giving up driving: does social engagement buffer declines in mental health after driving cessation in older women?

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 1235-1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
George W. Rebok ◽  
Vanya C. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Driving Cessation ◽  
Health Decline

Many older adults consider driving as essential to maintaining their quality of life and independence, and this may be particularly true for individuals residing in more rural areas where transportation options may be limited. Although it is normative for individuals to eventually stop driving as they age, very few plan ahead for their driving retirement (Curl et al., 2014). The process of driving cessation has been associated with a host of negative consequences for physical and mental well-being, including increased depressive symptoms, reduced network of friends, lower activity levels, and accelerated health decline (Mezuk & Rebok, 2008; Edwards et al., 2009; Curl et al., 2014). Previous studies have found that, at all ages, women are more likely to stop driving in later life than men, and often stop driving prematurely, and that various factors such as education and marital status influence the likelihood of cessation differently for women and men (Ross et al., 2009; Choi et al., 2012). Thus, factors associated with driving cessation and its consequences for older women are important to understand, particularly factors that might help buffer the negative effects of giving up driving and that might serve as early targets for preventive interventions.

Development of entrepreneurship in valuable natural rural areas

2020 ◽  
pp. 753-770
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Slusarza ◽  
Marek Cierpial-Wolan
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Synthetic Indicators ◽  
Linkage Method ◽  
Endogenous Potential ◽  
Urbanized Region

The values of the natural environment in the subject literature are commonly indicated as an asset conducive to development shaping the competitiveness of areas with such values. The paper attempts to assess the use of endogenous potential of such areas in shaping the multifunctional, sustainable development of rural areas that have such qualities. In particular, the aim was to check to what extent the sme sector, dominating in the economic structure of rural areas, solves the key problem of labour market imbalance and population migration in environmentally valuable areas. The area of detailed research is Podkarpacie, the Polish region considered as a peripheral, border region, the least urbanized region with the highest share of areas covered by various forms of nature protection and forestation, with one of the lowest gdp per capita indicator in the country. For the purpose of implementing the research assumptions, a taxonomic unit (using the complete linkage method) consisting of powiats with the highest concentration of features characteristic for rural areas of high natural values was separated. Synthetic indicators calculated on the basis of the Hellwig taxonomic development pattern method and a positional method using Weber's median were used to assess the diversity of entrepreneurship level. The research confirmed that the non-agricultural economic activity sector is less developed in areas of high natural value. Despite positive developments in the enterprise sector, their potential is too weak an economic base for addressing unsustainable labour market problems, as evidenced by high unemployment and a high negative migration balance. This limits the use of the endogenous potential of these areas and is not conducive to the concept of multifunctional, sustainable development. Migration poses a threat to the depopulation of these areas with all the negative consequences associated with such processes. This is a challenge for the studied areas and regional policy.

Relevant issues of land reclamation development in Non-black Earth area

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Georgiy Gulyuk ◽  
Aleksey Ivanov ◽  
Yuri Yanko
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Edible Roots ◽  
Social Economic Development

Current situation and agricultural management on the non-black earth area of Russia arebeing gradually worsen by the negative natural factors such as a significant increase of weather based climatic abnormal risks, deterioration of agro-meliorative conditions of agricultural lands because of colonization by tree and shrubbery vegetation and secondary bog formation, hidden degradation of soil fertility. When combined with functional loss of ameliorative complex and meliorative systems amortization, regional agriculture adaptation possibilities were rapidly limited. Production shortfall due no abnormal weather conditions for particular field crops was 19…48% during last five years, level of business realization of bioclimatic potential on a field was decreased by 7…12%.The complete realization of regional agricultural adaptive potential to weather based climatic changes and limitation of greenhouse gases emissions is possible on a basis of regeneration ofalll functions and aspects of ameliorative complex management. Toward this goal the coordinated actions of federal and regional management of Agricultural Complex, Scientific and Educational institutions, project foundations and managers are needed in a relation to human resources, scientific and regulatory supply. Any incomplete treatment in these fields inherent in visual negative consequences for food security and social economic development of rural areas of non-black earth zones not only at the current historical moment, but in a future also. Fundamental influence of solving of these problems deserves to scientific supply of innovative ameliorative complex, renewal of which should be based on principals of resources and energy preservation, nature management, computerization and digitalization management. During a long term research it was established that increase of average vegetation period temperature by lоСhas increased productivity of winter wheat, barley and summer wheat in average on 0,7 tons per ha, winter wheat and oat on 0,4 tons per ha, potatoes – 8,2 tons per ha, edible roots-6,4 tons per ha, cabbage 9,8 tons per ha, dry basis of herbage of multi and one age grasses–0,5 and 0,7 tons per ha. Increase of СО2 Concentration from 0,35 to 0,45% during last twenty years contributed into grow of yield in regional agriculture which can be estimated as 0,3 tons per ha per measure; searching remedy for agroclimatical risks decreasing production became drainage and irrigation systems (decrease 3…5 times);new method of reclamation of abandoned areas with transformation of biomass of tree and shrubbery vegetation into biochar makes it possible to decrease СО2 emissions up to times and get an adverse balance of СО2;secondary reclamation of lands covered by trees and shrubbery on area of 22ha used for vegetables and area of 37ha used for forage crops could supply a farmer with work and revenue sufficient for maintenance of one child what is on the major facts of population declaim in rural areas.

TURNING FARMERS INTO SOCIAL FARMER ENTREPRENEURS FOR DISADVANTAGED PEOPLE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remus Runcan
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Healthy Environment ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural Development Programme ◽  
Rural And Urban

According to Romania’s National Rural Development Programme, the socio-economic situation of the rural environment has a large number of weaknesses – among which low access to financial resources for small entrepreneurs and new business initiatives in rural areas and poorly developed entrepreneurial culture, characterized by a lack of basic managerial knowledge – but also a large number of opportunities – among which access of the rural population to lifelong learning and entrepreneurial skills development programmes and entrepreneurs’ access to financial instruments. The population in rural areas depends mainly on agricultural activities which give them subsistence living conditions. The gap between rural and urban areas is due to low income levels and employment rates, hence the need to obtain additional income for the population employed in subsistence and semi-subsistence farming, especially in the context of the depopulation trend. At the same time, the need to stimulate entrepreneurship in rural areas is high and is at a resonance with the need to increase the potential of rural communities from the perspective of landscape, culture, traditional activities and local resources. A solution could be to turn vegetal and / or animal farms into social farms – farms on which people with disabilities (but also adolescents and young people with anxiety, depression, self-harm, suicide, and alexithymia issues) might find a “foster” family, bed and meals in a natural, healthy environment, and share the farm’s activities with the farmer and the farmer’s family: “committing to a regular day / days and times for a mutually agreed period involves complying with any required health and safety practices (including use of protective clothing and equipment), engaging socially with the farm family members and other people working on and around the farm, and taking on tasks which would include working on the land, taking care of animals, or helping out with maintenance and other physical work”

The Impact of Economic Crisis on Tourism Industry: A Bangladesh Perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Ziaul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Tourism Product ◽  
International Tourist ◽  
Sustained Recovery ◽  
The Impact

The tourism sector is experiencing numerous challenges as a result of the global economic crisis. After a significant contraction in 2009, tourism rebounded strongly  in  2010  and  in  2011  the  international  tourist  arrivals  and  receipts  are projected to increase substantially. The Tourism industry is expected to show a sustained recovery in 2012. The crisis has particularly strong impact and slightly negative consequences in Bangladesh. The country is undergoing a political crisis, as well, and it seems that the forthcoming elections may be the only solution for the restoration of stability and social peace.  In addition, tourism can be the driving force behind Bangladesh economic recovery. However, for its achievement the country’s policy makers should take several measures towards restructuring and improving the sector. These measures include: enhancement of alternative forms of tourism; environmental protection; creation of quality infrastructure; and boost of competitiveness through a tourism product that offers value for money

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