Microstructural changes and immunohistological analysis of pro-inflammatory cytokines in spleens of lipopolysaccharide-induced rats

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. B. Zhong ◽  
X. L. Zhang ◽  
M. Y. Lv ◽  
X. F. Hu ◽  
Y. Li
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Optical Density ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Lymphoid Follicles ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

This study investigated splenic status changes in weaned Sprague-Dawley rats induced by lipopolysaccharide. There were forty 26-day-old rats selected randomly and equally divided into two groups. The treatment group received daily single doses of lipopolysaccharide, and the control group was treated with normal saline. We conducted haematoxylin-eosin staining, immunohistochemical staining and semi-quantitative optical density analysis for both groups on the 29th, 32nd, 35th and 38th days after treatment. The results indicated that splenic marginal zone in the lipopolysaccharide group was thinner or disappeared compared to that of the saline group. However, the periarterial lymphoid sheath and the diameters of splenic lymphoid follicles appeared thicker and wider than those in the saline group (P less than 0.05). The expression of interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor alpha was mainly localized within the periarterial lymphoid sheath and splenic lymphoid follicles in the lipopolysaccharide treated rats. The integrated optical density and the average optical density in the lipopolysaccharide group were greater than those in the normal saline treated group (P less than 0.05). In conclusion, splenic immune function is probably strengthened by altering microstructures and releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines following lipopolysaccharide treatment.

Changes of Vascular Endothelium Adhesive Properties in Patients with Chronic Generalized Slight Periodontitis During the Treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 79-82
Author(s):  
Жданова ◽  
O. Zhdanova ◽  
Широков ◽  
V. Shirokov ◽  
Говорунова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Immunoglobulin Superfamily ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Endothelial Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

The article presents the description of the changes in the concentrations of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and soluble forms of selectins and immunoglobulin superfamily adhesion molecules in patients with chronic generalized slight periodontitis. Serum concentrations of interleukin‐1‐β, tumor necrosis factor‐ α, soluble forms of P‐ and E‐selectins, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM‐1), vascular adhesion molecules (VCAM‐1) and platelet‐endothelial adhesion molecules (PECAM‐1) in healthy subjects and patients with slight periodontitis before and after treatment were assessed. It was found that the serum concentration of sICAM‐1, sVCAM‐1, sP‐, sE‐ selektins and pro‐inflammatory cytokines are increased in patients with chronic generalized periodontitis. The increase of serum concentration of soluble forms of selectins is expressed more significantly than sICAM‐1 and sVCAM‐1. There are no statistically significant changes of serum sPECAM‐1 in the examined group of patients in comparison with control. Complex therapy, including etiological and pathogenetic treatment, is completely normalized the concentration of pro‐inflammatory cytokines, and soluble forms of studied endothelial adhesion molecules in patients with chronic generalized slight periodontitis. All the studied parameters in patients with chronic generalized slight periodontitis after treatment are in the range of the control group variability.

scholarly journals Immunomodulatory Effect of Vitamin C on Proinflammatory Cytokines Production in Ossimi Lambs (Ovis aries) with Pneumonic Pasteurellosis

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3374
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abdo Rizk ◽  
Shimaa Abd El-Salam El-Sayed ◽  
Doaa Salman ◽  
Basma H. Marghani ◽  
Hossam Elshahat Gadalla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Pneumonic Pasteurellosis ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

In this study, we have investigated the impact of vitamin C on the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1 β (IL-1 β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 12p40 (IL-12p40), interferon gamma (IFNγ), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)) in lambs naturally infected by pneumonic pasteurellosis. Of 37 lambs, 18 lambs were identified to have pneumonic pasteurellosis and randomly allocated into two equal groups. Single subcutaneous dose of tulathromycine alone (2.5 mg kg−1) or tulathromycine combined with vitamin C (3 gm kg−1) were administrated to the diseased lambs. The serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ, and TNF-α were returned to the normal levels in pneumonic lambs treated with the combination therapy. The obtained results indicate the selective influences of vitamin C on pro-inflammatory cytokines production in sera of lambs with pneumonic pasteurellosis and highlights the value of vitamin C as a potential anti-inflammatory drug and ideal immunomodulatory agent.

scholarly journals Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Impair Serum Biochemical Indices, Induce Histopathological Effects, and Modulate Transcription of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines, HSP70, and Oxidative Stress Genes in Oreochromis niloticus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hany M.R. Abdel-Latif ◽  
Mahmoud A.O. Dawood ◽  
Samy F. Mahmoud ◽  
Mustafa Shukry ◽  
Ahmed E. Noreldin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Copper Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Exposure Dose ◽  
Interleukin 12 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

In the present study, fish were exposed to sub-lethal doses of CuONPs (68.92 ± 3.49 nm) (10, 20, and 50 mg/L) for a long exposure period (25 days). Compared to the control group (0.0 mg/L CuONPs), a significant dose-dependent elevation in blood urea and creatinine values, serum alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase enzyme activities were evident in CuONPs-exposed groups (P < 0.05). Fish exposure to 50 mg/L CuONPs significantly upregulated the transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1beta, interleukin 12, and interleukin 8), heat shock protein 70, apoptosis-related gene (caspase 3), and oxidative stress-related (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) genes in liver and gills of the exposed fish in comparison with those in the control group (P < 0.05). Moreover, varying histopathological injuries were noticed in the hepatopancreatic tissues, posterior kidneys, and gills of fish groups correlated to the examined exposure dose of CuONPs. In summary, our results provide new insights and helpful information for better understanding the mechanisms of CuONPs toxicity in Nile tilapia at hematological, molecular levels, and tissue levels.

scholarly journals Phagocytosis of microparticles increases responsiveness of macrophage-like cell lines U937 and THP-1 to bacterial lipopolysaccharide and lipopeptide

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayuki Ueno ◽  
Yumi Yamamoto ◽  
Kiyoshi Kawasaki
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Cytokine Expression ◽  
Polystyrene Latex ◽  
Human Macrophage ◽  
Fcγ Receptor ◽  
Uptake Mechanism ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

AbstractFollowing bacterial infection, macrophages produce pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to bacterial cell components, including lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipopeptide, and simultaneously phagocytize and digest the invading bacteria. To study the effects of phagocytosis on pro-inflammatory responses, we determined if phagocytosis of polystyrene latex beads with ~ 1 µm diameter increases pro-inflammatory cytokine expression by human macrophage-like U937 and THP-1 cells stimulated with LPS. Treating macrophage-like cells with beads coated with IgG to facilitate Fcγ receptor-mediated phagocytosis increased LPS-induced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta, and interleukin-6. Treatment with beads coated with poly-l-lysine to facilitate Fcγ receptor–independent phagocytosis also increased LPS-induced cytokine expression. Our results indicate that LPS-induced pro-inflammatory responses are enhanced by bead phagocytosis regardless of the uptake mechanism. Additionally, phagocytosis enhanced LPS-induced NF-κB activation, suggesting that Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 signaling is enhanced by phagocytosis. Furthermore, bead phagocytosis enhanced pro-inflammatory responses in U937 cells stimulated with lipopeptide, a ligand for the TLR2/TLR6 heterodimeric receptor. In conclusion, microparticle phagocytosis by macrophage-like U937 and THP-1 cells enhances the innate immune response induced by bacterial components.

scholarly journals Effect of Fractions, and Compounds from Typha capensis in LPS-Stimulated Raw 264.7 Cells. Pro and Anti-inflammatory Cytokines

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Moise Ondua
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Molecular Targets ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Typha capensis is widely used by traditional healers to treat male fertility, venereal problems and inflammation. There are many molecular targets implicated in the inflammatory process: pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 1-β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p70, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and IL-8, and other proteins such as COX-2, and iNOS. In order to clarify the anti-inflammatory mechanism of action of compounds isolated from T. capensis, RAW 264.7 macrophages were activated by lipopolysaccharide and pre-treated with T. capensis isolated compounds. Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW macrophages after treatment with T. capensis crude acetone extract resulted in decreasing expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6,) and increased expression of immunomodulatory cytokine IL-12 P 70.  Isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside and  isorhamnetin 3-O rutinoside increased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, but failed to reduce the expression of IL-1β and TNF-α. Isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside and isorhamnetin 3-O rutinoside increased the expression of immunomodulatory cytokine IL-12p70. Isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside  increased the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 compared to quercetin and LPS-stimulated macrophages. The effect of isorhamnetin 3-O-rutinoside and isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside on molecular targets of inflammation may provide support for the use of T. capensis by traditional healers against inflammation.

scholarly journals Alterations in the chondrocyte surfaceome in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadette Jeremiasse ◽  
Csaba Matta ◽  
Christopher R. Fellows ◽  
David J. Boocock ◽  
Julia R. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Proteins ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Ionic Composition ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Surface Proteins ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Cell Surface Proteins ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Abstract Background: Chondrocytes are exposed to an inflammatory micro-environment in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of articular cartilage in joint diseases such as osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In OA, degenerative changes and low-grade inflammation within the joint transform the behaviour and metabolism of chondrocytes, disturb the balance between ECM synthesis and degradation, and alter the osmolality and ionic composition of the micro-environment. We hypothesize that chondrocytes adjust their physiology to the inflammatory microenvironment by modulating the expression of cell surface proteins, collectively referred to as the ‘surfaceome’. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize the surfaceome of primary equine chondrocytes isolated from healthy joints following exposure to the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1-beta (IL-1β) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Methods: We employed combined methodology that we recently developed for investigating the surfaceome in stem cells. Membrane proteins were isolated using an aminooxy-biotinylation technique and analysed by mass spectrometry using high throughput shotgun proteomics. Results: Amongst the 431 unique cell surface proteins identified, a high percentage of low-abundance proteins, such as ion channels, receptors and transporter molecules were detected. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD014773. A high number of proteins exhibited different levels of expression following chondrocyte stimulation with pro-inflammatory cytokines.LPR-1, thrombospondin, VDAC1-2 and annexin A1 were considered to be of special interest and were analysed further and validated by western blotting. Conclusions: Our results provide, for the first time, a repository for proteomic data on differentially expressed low-abundance membrane proteins on the surface of chondrocytes in response to pro-inflammatory stimuli.

scholarly journals Isoliquiritin Pre-Treatment Promotes Multi-Territory Perforator Flap Survival in Rats: An Experimental Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yapeng Wang ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Yongwei Wu ◽  
Yunhong Ma ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Perforator Flap ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Potential Zone ◽  
Vascular Structure ◽  
Normal Saline Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Flap Survival

Abstract Background The present study was design to investigate the effect of isoliquiritin (ISL) pretreatment on multi-territory perforator flap survival and blood vessels of Choke II zone in rats.Methods A total of 80 adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into ISL group and normal saline group, and subsequently and subjected to multi-territory perforator flap operations on the left flank. Afterwards, rats in ISL group were intraperitoneally injected with ISL, and rats from normal saline group were intraperitoneally injected with equal amount of normal saline. After seven days, the surviving flap area was calculated, the density of microvessels and (vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)were measured in Choke II zone. In addition, blood vessels of the flap were subjected to lead oxide-gelatin radiography.Results The flap survival area was significantly enhanced in rats from the ISL group compared with that from the saline group (P < 0.01). HE staining indicated significantly higher microvascular density in Choke II zone in the ISL group (P < 0.01). Immunohistochemistry and Western blot assays showed that the expression of VEGF in the ISL group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.01). Moreover, the vascular structure in Choke II zone of the flap was clearer, with more new blood vessels and more complete vascular structure in the potential zone from the ISL group, in comparison with those from the normal saline group.Conclusion ISL is beneficial to the multi-territory perforator flap survival in rats.

scholarly journals Oral Pyruvate Protection of Dorsal Root Ganglia  in Simulated Weightlessness Rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Li ◽  
Heng Zhang ◽  
Ning-Tao Ren ◽  
Chao Chen ◽  
Peng Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Root Ganglia ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Organ Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
And Function

Abstract Background: Previous studies demonstrate that long-tern microgravity induces multi-organ injury and dysfunction, including the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) damage. This study investigated oral pyruvate protective effects on lumbar 5 (L5) DRG nerve tissues in rats subjected to hindlimb unweighting (HU).Results: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four groups (n=10): control group (Group CON), suspension group (Group SUS), normal saline group (Group SAL) and sodium pyruvate group (Group PYR), respectively. The rats of SUS, SAL and PYR groups were simulated with microgravity by tail suspension of HU for 8 weeks. Rats in Groups SAL and PYR fed with normal saline and pyruvate saline, respectively. Histopathological and immunofluorescence examinations were conducted and levels of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ATP and ATPase were measured in DRG tissues; L5 spinal cord scans were also carried out in rats following HU. Results showed that the HU resulted in significant alterations in DRG nerve tissues’ structure and function in Groups SUS and SAL, whereas morphological changes were not significantly distinguished between Group PYR and Group CON; GDNF, GFAP, ATP and ATPase levels were mostly preserved in Group PYR, but still worse than in Group CON. The significance of oral pyruvate protection against DRG injury following HU and the dose and formula of oral pyruvate solutions were discussed for use in astronauts’ spaceflight.Conclusions: oral pyruvate effectively protected L5 DRG from pathological alterations and dysfunction induced by the HU in rats. Further studies and clinical trials are warranted.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Delivery of rAAV sox9 via Polymeric Micelles Counteracts the Effects of Osteoarthritis-Associated Inflammatory Cytokines in Human Articular Chondrocytes

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Urich ◽  
Magali Cucchiarini ◽  
Ana Rey-Rico
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Polymeric Micelles ◽  
Articular Chondrocytes ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent joint disease linked to the irreversible degradation of key extracellular cartilage matrix (ECM) components (proteoglycans, type-II collagen) by proteolytic enzymes due to an impaired tissue homeostasis, with the critical involvement of OA-associated pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1 beta, i.e., IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor alpha, i.e., TNF-α). Gene therapy provides effective means to re-establish such degraded ECM compounds by rejuvenating the altered OA phenotype of the articular chondrocytes, the unique cell population ubiquitous in the articular cartilage. In particular, overexpression of the highly specialized SOX9 transcription factor via recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV) vectors has been reported for its ability to readjust the metabolic balance in OA, in particular via controlled rAAV delivery using polymeric micelles as carriers to prevent a possible vector neutralization by antibodies present in the joints of patients. As little is known on the challenging effects of such naturally occurring OA-associated pro-inflammatory cytokines on such rAAV/polymeric gene transfer, we explored the capacity of polyethylene oxide (PEO) and polypropylene oxide (PPO)-based polymeric micelles to deliver a candidate rAAV-FLAG-hsox9 construct in human OA chondrocytes in the presence of IL-1β and TNF-α. We report that effective, micelle-guided rAAV sox9 overexpression enhanced the deposition of ECM components and the levels of cell survival, while advantageously reversing the deleterious effects afforded by the OA cytokines on these processes. These findings highlight the potentiality of polymeric micelles as effective rAAV controlled delivery systems to counterbalance the specific contribution of major OA-associated inflammatory cytokines, supporting the concept of using such systems for the treatment for chronic inflammatory diseases like OA.

Effect of Resveratrol on NF-κB Activity in Rat Peritoneal Macrophages

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (04) ◽  
pp. 623-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen-Hua Ma ◽  
Qing-Yong Ma ◽  
Lian-Cai Wang ◽  
Huan-Chen Sha ◽  
Sheng-Li Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Future Application ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference

This study was to investigate the inhibitive effect of resveratrol (RESV) on nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) expression and activity induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rat peritoneal macrophages (PMA). Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 7 groups, including control group, LPS group and RESV I-V group. In the LPS group, PMA were incubated in DMEM containing LPS (10 μg/ml), whereas in control group, PMA were incubated in DMEM only. In the RESV I-V groups, PMA were incubated in DMEM containing LPS (10 μg/ml) and different concentrations of RESV. After 24 hours of incubation, NF-κB activity in PMA, and the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 (IL-1) and nitric oxide (NO) in the culture medium were measured. In the concentrations of 1.25-5 μg/ml, RESV had a dose- dependent inhibitive effect on NF-κB activity in PMA as well as the expressions of TNF-α, IL-1 and NO in the culture medium contrasted with the LPS group. There was no significant difference in the levels of these pro-inflammatory factors between the groups of 5 μg/ml and 10 μg/ml RESV. In conclusion, RESV has the potential for the future application of preventing inflammatory diseases involving PMA.

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