scholarly journals TISSUE GROWTH FACTORS OF VEGF FAMILY IN DYNAMICS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF OVARIAN CANCER

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-152
Author(s):  
O. I Kit ◽  
E. M Frantsiyants ◽  
T. I Moiseenko ◽  
E. V Verenikina ◽  
N. D Cheryarina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Gynecological Cancer ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Intact Tissue ◽  
Pathogenetic Factor

Ovarian carcinoma is the leading cause of death from gynecological cancer. Aim of the study is to reveal the role of VEGF-C comparing to VEGF-А in the progression of ovarian cancer. Material and methods. Tissue samples obtained from 76 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (serous cystadenocarcinoma: T1N0M0; T2N0M0; T3NxM0; T4Nx-1M0) and 47 patients with cystadenoma were studied. Histological control was performed in all cases. Ovaries of 20 patients obtained during the surgery for uterine myoma were used as the intact tissue. All patients were 50.9 ± 2.9 years old. Levels of the growth factor as VEGF-A and its receptor VEGF-R1, as well VEGF-С and its receptor sVEGF-R3 - were measured by ELISA with the use of standard test systems. Results. VEGF-А levels in cystadenomas and intact tissue were similar, while in cystadenocarcinomas VEGF-А was significantly higher at all stages of the tumor development. sVEGF-R1 receptor in cystadenomas was lower in comparison with the intact tissue, in the contralateral ovary in T1N0M0 and in the tumorous ovary in T4Nx-1M0. VEGF-С level was higher significantly in all tumors, in cystadenocarcinomas it was higher if compared to cystadenomas. Its increase in the contralateral ovary in T1N0M0 differed from other tissue values being average. sVEGF-R3 receptor increased significantly at the later stages of ovarian cancer - T3NxM0 and T4Nx-1M0; its level was low only in the contralateral ovary in T1N0M0, and the values in other tissues were similar to the intact ones. Conclusion. The results show a high rate of lymphatic vessel formation in benign tumors at all stages of the development of the malignant tumor. The significant increase in VEGF-C level in the contralateral (non-tumorous) ovaries, compared to the intact tissue, allows considering VEGF-C, along with VEGF-А, as a pathogenetic factor of ovarian tumor development.

scholarly journals Cytokines and Prognostic Factors in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. CMO.S38333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Millena Prata Jammal ◽  
Agrimaldo Martins-Filho ◽  
Thales Parenti Silveira ◽  
Eddie Fernando Candido Murta ◽  
Rosekeila Simões Nomelini
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Histological Grade ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Delayed Diagnosis ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Benign Neoplasms

Introduction Ovarian cancer has a high mortality and delayed diagnosis. Inflammation is a risk factor for ovarian cancer, and the inflammatory response is involved in almost all stages of tumor development. Immunohistochemical staining in stroma and epithelium of a panel of cytokines in benign and malignant ovarian neoplasm was evaluated. In addition, immunostaining was related to prognostic factors in malignant tumors. Method The study group comprised 28 ovarian benign neoplasias and 28 ovarian malignant neoplasms. A panel of cytokines was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (Th1: IL-2 and IL-8; Th2: IL-5, IL-6, and IL-10; and TNFR1). Chi-square test with Yates’ correction was used, which was considered significant if less than 0.05. Results TNFR1, IL-5, and IL-10 had more frequent immunostaining 2/3 in benign neoplasms compared with malignant tumors. Malignant tumors had more frequent immunostaining 2/3 for IL-2 in relation to benign tumors. The immunostaining 0/1 of IL 8 was more frequent in the stroma of benign neoplasms compared with malignant neoplasms. Evaluation of the ovarian cancer stroma showed that histological grade 3 was significantly correlated with staining 2/3 for IL-2 ( P = 0.004). Women whose disease-free survival was less than 2.5 years had TNFR1 stromal staining 2/3 ( P = 0.03) more frequently. Conclusion IL-2 and TNFR1 stromal immunostaining are related prognostic factors in ovarian cancer and can be the target of new therapeutic strategies.

scholarly journals 4D Doppler Ultrasound in High Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer Vascularity Evaluation—Preliminary Study

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 582
Author(s):  
Marek Jerzy Kudla ◽  
Michal Zikan ◽  
Daniela Fischerova ◽  
Mateusz Stolecki ◽  
Juan Luis Alcazar
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Power Doppler ◽  
Serous Carcinoma ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
4D Ultrasound

The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of 4D Power Doppler tissue evaluation to discriminate between normal ovaries and ovarian cancer tumors. This was a prospective observational study. Twenty-three cases of surgically confirmed ovarian High Grade Serous Carcinoma (HGSC) were analyzed. The control group consisted of 23 healthy patients, each matching their study-group counterpart age wise (±3 years) and according to their menopausal status. Transvaginal Doppler 4D ultrasound scans were done on every patient and analyzed with 3D/4D software. Two 4D indices—volumetric Systolic/Diastolic Index (vS/D) and volumetric Pulsatility Index (vPI)—were calculated. To keep results standardized and due to technical limitations, virtual 1cc spherical tissue samples taken from the part with highest vascularization as detected by bi-directional Power Doppler were analyzed for both groups of ovaries. Values of volumetric S/D indices and volumetric PI indices were statistically lower in ovarian malignant tumors compared to normal ovaries: 1.096 vs. 1.794 and 0.092 vs. 0.558, respectively (p < 0.001). The 4D bi-directional Power Doppler vascular indices were statistically different between malignant tumors and normal ovaries. These findings could support the rationale for future studies for assessing this technology to discriminate between malignant and benign tumors.

scholarly journals OVERVIEW OF AN OVARIAN CANCER AND ITS TREATMENT ASPECTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaghasiya Tushar Kishorbhai ◽  
Miteshkumar Malaviya
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
The Body ◽  
Current Therapy ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Novel Treatment ◽  
Regulate Cell Growth ◽  
Cell Growth And Differentiation ◽  
Keywords Cancer

Cancer (medical term: malignant neoplasm) is a class of diseases in which a group of cells display uncontrolled growth, invasion that intrudes upon and destroys adjacent tissues, and sometimes metastasis, or spreading to other locations in the body via lymph or blood. These three malignant properties of cancers differentiate them from benign tumors, which do not invade or metastasize. Ovarian cancer is fundamentally a disease of failure of regulation of tissue growth. In order for a normal cell to transform into a cancer cell, the genes which regulate cell growth and differentiation must be altered. These brief surveys discuss the current therapy, novel treatment and its side effects. Keywords: Cancer, Cancer treatment, Liposomal formulation

scholarly journals Influence of initial platinum-based chemotherapy on levels of He-4 protein and VEGF-A in primary tumors and metastases from ovarian cancer

2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
E. M. Frantsiyants ◽  
T. I. Moiseenko ◽  
D. Yu. Yakubova ◽  
N. D. Cheryarina ◽  
A. P. Menshenina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Cytostatic Treatment ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Platinum Based Chemotherapy ◽  
Pathogenetic Factor ◽  
Cancer Tissues ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Introduction. Recently, the he-4 protein has received great attention due to its diagnostic and prognostic abilities in epithelial ovarian cancer. In addition to its diagnostic value, this protein is involved in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer. Another significant pathogenetic factor is the vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) which plays a key role in neoangiogenesis. The purpose of the study focused on the analysis of he-4 and vegf-a levels in tissues of ovarian cancer, in healthy contralateral ovaries and in common metastatic tumors in the omentum and peritoneum to determine the place and role of these tumor markers at the stages of carcinogenesis. Material and methods. The study was performed using the abovementioned tissues of 93 patients with t2-3nхm0-1 ovarian cancer. 51 patients underwent surgery followed by chemotherapy. 42 patients received initial neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery and adjuvant cytostatic therapy. Tissue samples from 17 patients with benign diseases were used as the control for determining the reference values for he-4 and vegf-a. A comparison was made between groups of patients with and without neoadjuvant therapy, as well as in groups of patients depending on the effectiveness of cytostatic treatment. Results. The levels of he-4 in primary and metastatic tissues affected and not affected by cancer were initially elevated in patients with ovarian cancer. The chemotherapy effectiveness directly correlated with the level of he-4 reduction, which did not change or increased in tumors resistant to medical treatment. The level of vegf-a significantly differed in cancer and non-cancer tissues, which indicated its significant pathogenetic effect not “before”, but at the stages of morphological malignization. The dynamics of vegf-a decrease in this study did not depend on the chemotherapy effect. Conclusion. The he-4 marker is a pathognomonic factor in the development of ovarian cancer, preceding morphological signs of malignancy and reflecting the effectiveness of chemotherapy, while vegf-a is most likely a consequence of the cancer development.

The role of diagnostic laparoscopy in the treatment of patients with ovarian tumors

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
E. I. Gulo ◽  
S. Ya. Maksimov ◽  
A. M. Shcherbakov
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Ovarian Tumor ◽  
Diagnostic Laparoscopy ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Early Recurrence ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Diagnostic Difficulties ◽  
Ovarian Neoplasia

The aim of the investigation was to study the role of diagnostic laparoscopy in treatment of patients with ovarian cancer. The analysis of 480 laparoscopic operations, which was carried out on 42 patients with benign tumors, 29 cases of suspected tumor malignization, 67 patients with non gynecological pathology with suspected ovarian neoplasia and 174 women with established ovarian cancer, made it possible to define indications to laparoscopic operations. Using this method the authors managed to solve differential-diagnostic difficulties in 81,7% cases. The results of the investigation revealed the advantages of the method as to patients with benign tumors. This method is recommended for ovarian tumor and early recurrence diagnostics and also for morphological verification of tumor development. But the role of laparoscopy in treatment of malignant ovarian cancer, especially its early forms, still has to be further investigated.

scholarly journals MicroRNA-based signatures impacting clinical course and biology of ovarian cancer: a miRNOmics study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Krasniqi ◽  
A. Sacconi ◽  
D. Marinelli ◽  
L. Pizzuti ◽  
M. Mazzotta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Gynecological Cancer ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Platinum Resistance ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Ribonucleic Acids ◽  
Survival Endpoints ◽  
Novel Biomarkers

Abstract Background In Western countries, ovarian cancer (OC) still represents the leading cause of gynecological cancer-related deaths, despite the remarkable gains in therapeutical options. Novel biomarkers of early diagnosis, prognosis definition and prediction of treatment outcomes are of pivotal importance. Prior studies have shown the potentials of micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) as biomarkers for OC and other cancers. Methods We focused on the prognostic and/or predictive potential of miRNAs in OC by conducting a comprehensive array profiling of miRNA expression levels in ovarian tissue samples from 17 non-neoplastic controls, and 60 tumor samples from OC patients treated at the Regina Elena National Cancer Institute (IRE). A set of 54 miRNAs with differential expression in tumor versus normal samples (T/N-deregulated) was identified in the IRE cohort and validated against data from the Cancer Genoma Atlas (TCGA) related to 563 OC patients and 8 non-neoplastic controls. The prognostic/predictive role of the selected 54 biomarkers was tested in reference to survival endpoints and platinum resistance (P-res). Results In the IRE cohort, downregulation of the 2 miRNA-signature including miR-99a-5p and miR-320a held a negative prognostic relevance, while upregulation of miR-224-5p was predictive of less favorable event free survival (EFS) and P-res. Data from the TCGA showed that downregulation of 5 miRNAs, i.e., miR-150, miR-30d, miR-342, miR-424, and miR-502, was associated with more favorable EFS and overall survival outcomes, while miR-200a upregulation was predictive of P-res. The 9 miRNAs globally identified were all included into a single biologic signature, which was tested in enrichment analysis using predicted/validated miRNA target genes, followed by network representation of the miRNA-mRNA interactions. Conclusions Specific dysregulated microRNA sets in tumor tissue showed predictive/prognostic value in OC, and resulted in a promising biological signature for this disease.

scholarly journals Comprehensive analyses of competing endogenous RNA networks reveal potential biomarkers for predicting hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Yan ◽  
Zuotian Huang ◽  
Tong Mou ◽  
Yunhai Luo ◽  
Yanyao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Gene Expression Omnibus ◽  
The Cancer Genome Atlas ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Competing Endogenous Rna ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

Abstract Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common and deadly malignant tumors, with a high rate of recurrence worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism underlying the progression of HCC and to identify recurrence-related biomarkers. Methods We first analyzed 132 HCC patients with paired tumor and adjacent normal tissue samples from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The expression profiles and clinical information of 372 HCC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were next analyzed to further validate the DEGs, construct competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks and discover the prognostic genes associated with recurrence. Finally, several recurrence-related genes were evaluated in two external cohorts, consisting of fifty-two and forty-nine HCC patients, respectively. Results With the comprehensive strategies of data mining, two potential interactive ceRNA networks were constructed based on the competitive relationships of the ceRNA hypothesis. The ‘upregulated’ ceRNA network consists of 6 upregulated lncRNAs, 3 downregulated miRNAs and 5 upregulated mRNAs, and the ‘downregulated’ network includes 4 downregulated lncRNAs, 12 upregulated miRNAs and 67 downregulated mRNAs. Survival analysis of the genes in the ceRNA networks demonstrated that 20 mRNAs were significantly associated with recurrence-free survival (RFS). Based on the prognostic mRNAs, a four-gene signature (ADH4, DNASE1L3, HGFAC and MELK) was established with the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm to predict the RFS of HCC patients, the performance of which was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curves. The signature was also validated in two external cohort and displayed effective discrimination and prediction for the RFS of HCC patients. Conclusions In conclusion, the present study elucidated the underlying mechanisms of tumorigenesis and progression, provided two visualized ceRNA networks and successfully identified several potential biomarkers for HCC recurrence prediction and targeted therapies.

Fas gene promoter –670 polymorphism in gynecological cancer

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 179-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ueda ◽  
Y. Terai ◽  
K. Kanda ◽  
M. Kanemura ◽  
M. Takehara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Germ Line ◽  
Gynecological Cancer ◽  
Gene Promoter ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Germ Line Polymorphism

Single-nucleotide polymorphism at −670 of Fas gene promoter (A/G) was examined in a total of 354 blood samples from normal healthy women and gynecological cancer patients. They consisted of 95 normal, 83 cervical, 108 endometrial, and 68 ovarian cancer cases. Eighty-three patients with cervical cancer had statistically higher frequency of GG genotype and G allele than 95 controls (P= 0.0353 and 0.0278, respectively). There was no significant difference in the genotype or allele prevalence between control subjects and endometrial or ovarian cancer patients. The Fas −670 GG genotype was associated with an increased risk for the development of cervical cancer (OR = 2.56, 95% CI = 1.08–6.10) compared with the AA genotype. The G allele also increased the risk of cervical cancer (OR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.05–2.43) compared with the A allele. Germ-line polymorphism of Fas gene promoter −670 may be associated with the risk of cervical cancer in a Japanese population.

scholarly journals Prognostic significance of bone marrow FDG uptake in patients with gynecological cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kotaro Shimura ◽  
Seiji Mabuchi ◽  
Naoko Komura ◽  
Eriko Yokoi ◽  
Katsumi Kozasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Gynecological Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Standardized Uptake Value ◽  
Suppressor Cells ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Fdg Uptake

AbstractWe investigated the prognostic significance and the underlying mechanism of increased bone marrow (BM) 2-(18F) fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose as a tracer (FDG)-uptake in patients with gynecological cancer. A list of patients diagnosed with cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancer from January 2008 to December 2014 were identified. Then, through chart reviews, 559 patients who underwent staging by FDG-positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) and subsequent surgical resection were identified, and their clinical data were reviewed retrospectively. BM FDG-uptake was evaluated using maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and BM-to-aorta uptake ratio (BAR). As a result, we have found that increased BAR was observed in 20 (8.7%), 21 (13.0%), 21 (12.6%) of cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancer, respectively, and was associated with significantly shorter survival. Increased BAR was also closely associated with increased granulopoiesis. In vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that tumor-derived granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was involved in the underlying causative mechanism of increased BM FDG-uptake, and that immune suppression mediated by G-CSF-induced myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) is responsible for the poor prognosis of this type of cancer. In conclusion, increased BM FDG-uptake, as represented by increased BAR, is an indicator of poor prognosis in patients with gynecological cancer.

scholarly journals A novel decision tree model based on chromosome imbalances in cell-free DNA and CA-125 in the differential diagnosis of ovarian cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. 172460082199235
Author(s):  
Weina Zhang ◽  
Yu-min Zhang ◽  
Yuan Gao ◽  
Shengmiao Zhang ◽  
Weixin Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Decision Tree ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Copy Number Variations ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Cell Free Dna ◽  
Free Dna

Objective: CA-125 is widely used as biomarker of ovarian cancer. However, CA-125 suffers low accuracy. We developed a hybrid analytical model, the Ovarian Cancer Decision Tree (OCDT), employing a two-layer decision tree, which considers genetic alteration information from cell-free DNA along with CA-125 value to distinguish malignant tumors from benign tumors. Methods: We consider major copy number alterations at whole chromosome and chromosome-arm level as the main feature of our detection model. Fifty-eight patients diagnosed with malignant tumors, 66 with borderline tumors, and 10 with benign tumors were enrolled. Results: Genetic analysis revealed significant arm-level imbalances in most malignant tumors, especially in high-grade serous cancers in which 12 chromosome arms with significant aneuploidy ( P<0.01) were identified, including 7 arms with significant gains and 5 with significant losses. The area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.8985 for copy number variations analysis, compared to 0.8751 of CA125. The OCDT was generated with a cancerous score (CScore) threshold of 5.18 for the first level, and a CA-125 value of 103.1 for the second level. Our most optimized OCDT model achieved an AUC of 0.975. Conclusions: The results suggested that genetic variations extracted from cfDNA can be combined with CA-125, and together improved the differential diagnosis of malignant from benign ovarian tumors. The model would aid in the pre-operative assessment of women with adnexal masses. Future clinical trials need to be conducted to further evaluate the value of CScore in clinical settings and search for the optimal threshold for malignancy detection.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document