Improved performance of botia fish Chromobotia macracanthus with the utilization of blood clam shell in the recirculation system

ABSTRACT Intermediate and holding rearing of botia face several problems such as the limited land, water quality, and decreased growth. The application of a recirculation culture system using the blood clam filter is increased to water quality and expected to solve the problems. This study aimed to analyze the production performance of botia fish on intermediate and holding rearing in the recirculation system by utilizing blood clams as the filter. This study used a factorial completely randomized design with two factors; clam particle sizes (1 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm) and dosages (1.4 g/L, 1.8 g/L, and 2.2 g/L). Every experiment was conducted in three replication. The aquarium used in this study was 40×40×60 cm3. The size of fish samples was 3.5 ± 0.5 cm with the stocking density (3 fish/L, each test aquarium). The recirculation system was applied seven days before the fish were stocked. Every 15 days, weight and length of fish were measured (for 60 days). The results of physical (temperature) and chemical (pH, dissolved oxygen, ammonia dan nitrite) water quality in the recirculation system using the blood clam filter showed good conditions for botia fish. The stress response of botia blood glucose and TKO fluctuates with environmental changes. Mineral water and fish produced by calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus increase until the end of maintenance. There is an interaction at TKH between particle size and the dose of blood shells, whereas, LMPW, LMPL, and RKP significantly different only the use of dose 2.2 g/L. Keywords: Clamshells, botia fish, pH value, minerals, recirculation. ABSTRAK Permasalahan pada proses penampungan ikan botia yaitu keterbatasan lahan, kualitas air yang buruk dan pertumbuhan ikan botia yang lambat. Penerapan sistem resirkulasi menggunakan cangkang darah dapat meningkatkan kualitas air dan kinerja produksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kinerja produksi budidaya ikan botia pada sistem resirkulasi dengan pemanfataan cangkang kerang darah sebagai bahan filter. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial dua faktor, yaitu ukuran partikel cangkang kerang darah (1 mm, 2 mm, dan 3 mm) dan dosis cangkang kerang darah (1.4g/L, 1.8g/L dan 2.2g/L). Setiap perlakuan dilakukan dengan tiga kali ulangan. Akuarium yang digunakan dalam penelitian berukuran 40×40×60 cm3. Ikan yang digunakan berukuran 3.5 ± 0.5 cm dengan padat tebar 3 ekor/L. Sistem resirkulasi dioperasikan selama tujuh hari sebelum ikan ditebar. Bobot dan panjang ikan diukur setiap 15 hari selama 60 hari pemeliharaan. Penelitian dalam sistem resirkulasi menggunakan cangkang kerang darah pada media filter menghasilkan kondisi kualitas air suhu, pH, oksigen terlarut, amonia dan nitrit air. Respons stres ikan berupa glukosa darah dan tingkat konsumsi oksigen (TKO) berfluktuasi seiring dengan perubahan lingkungan. Mineral air dan ikan yang dihasilkan meliputi kalsium, magnesium dan fosfos meningkat hingga akhir pemeliharaan. Parameter tingkat kelangsungan hidup (TKH) memiliki interaksi antara ukuran partikel dan dosis cangkang kerang darah, sedangkan untuk laju pertumbuhan bobot mutlak (LPMB), laju pertumbuhan panjang mutlak (LPMP) dan rasio konversi pakan (RKP) berbeda nyata dengan penggunaan dosis 2.2 g/L. Kata kunci: Cangkang kerang darah, ikan botia, pH, mineral, resirkulasi.

Download Full-text

Production performance and business analysis of clown loach Chromobotia macracanthus (Bleeker 1852) in recirculating systems with different stocking densities and water discharge

Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia ◽

10.32491/jii.v21i2.573 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 89-104

Author(s):

Riska Puluhulawa ◽

Tatag Budiardi ◽

Iis Diatin ◽

Irzal Effendi

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Growth Rate ◽

Business Performance ◽

Water Discharge ◽

Stocking Density ◽

Production Performance ◽

Recirculate Aquaculture System ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Two Factors ◽

Absolute Growth

Efforts to improve the production performance of clown loach in recirculate aquaculture system can be done by increasing stocking density and water discharge. This study aimed to analyze the effect of increasing stocking density and water discharge on production performance, stress response and water quality in order to obtain the best stocking density and water discharge to obtain maximum profit in a short time. A factorial completely randomized design with two factors, i.e. the stocking density of 1, 2, and 3 fish L-1 and the water discharge of 0,05; 0,10; 0,15 L s-1 was performed. The volume of water used in each aquarium was 48 L and using a ½ inch faucet stop to regulate the water discharge from the inlet pipe. Clown fish fed Tubifex sp. with a feeding frequency of two times a day according to the treatment for 60 days. The result indicates that there was no interaction between the two factors on production performance, payback period, and R/C ratio. Stocking density has a significant effect on specific growth rate, absolute growth rate of individual weight, feeding consumption rate and R/C ratio of clown loach. Stocking density and water discharge had an interaction on the visual color of pectoral and caudal fins of clown loach. Different stocking densities with the combination of water discharge in this study resulted that the water quality were within tolerable range for clown loach so that they did not experience stress, as well as high production and business performance. It is recommended to intensify clown loach with a stocking density of 3 fish L-1 and 0,15 L s-1‑ of water discharge.

Download Full-text

BLOOD PREVIEW OF TILAPIA (Oreochromis niloticus) GIVEN FORTIFIED FEED OF SALAM LEAF (Syzygium polyanthum) LIQUID EXTRACT

Journal of Aquatropica Asia ◽

10.33019/aquatropica.v4i2.2222 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 22-28

Author(s):

Wahyu Dwi Putranto ◽

Denny Syaputra ◽

Eva Prasetiyono

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Environmental Changes ◽

Stocking Density ◽

Blood Leukocytes ◽

Blood Profile ◽

Liquid Extract ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Fish Blood ◽

Completely Randomized Design

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is populer as resistant fish to environmental changes. Cultivating fish with a high stocking density can cause a decrease in water quality. It has an impact on susceptibility to disease due to decreased water quality. Immunostimulants from Phyto-pharmacy are needed to improve the non-specific immune system of fish from natural ingredients. Bay leaves (Syzigium polyanthum) have the potential to be used as an immunostimulant in fish. This study aimed to evaluate the extract of Salam leaves fortified in feed against the blood profile of Tilapia. The research was carried out in April - May 2018 using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. Salam leaf extract through feed affects the increase of leucocytes and blood erythrocytes of tilapia but does not affect hemoglobin levels and hematocrit levels. Doses of 2x10-2 g mL-1 increased fish blood leukocytes on day 21st to be the best treatment in this study.

Download Full-text

THE INFLUENCE OF STOCKING DENSITY AGAINST SURVIVAL RATE OF CATFISH (Clarias gariepinus) ON RECIRCULATION SYSTEM

Jurnal Mina Sains ◽

10.30997/jms.v4i1.1267 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 11

Author(s):

Anjas Adi Santoso ◽

Muarif Muarif ◽

Rosmawati Rosmawati

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Survival Rate ◽

Feed Efficiency ◽

Average Length ◽

Clarias Gariepinus ◽

Stocking Density ◽

Average Weight ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Recirculation System ◽

Completely Randomized Design

One of the technologies to keep the water quality remains optimal ias a recirculation system. This research is aimed to determine the influence of denisity of catfish (Clarias gariepinus) on the recirculation system. Fish test used is catfish fry the age of 2 weeks with average weight 0.58 g and an average length of 2.7 cm as much as 10,000 fish. The experimental research used completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments were A (20 fish/liter of water), B (30 fish/liter of water), C (40 fish/liter of water) and D (50 fish/liter of water). The survival rate, the feed efficiency, and water quality has been observed. The results of research showed that the survival rate and the feed efficiency were significantly different (P<0.05). The highest survival rate in this research was in the treatment A (20 fish/liter of water) that was 70.5%. The stocking density of catfish fry of 20 fish/liter of water can be used as basis for the maintenance of catfish fry for reach the optimal survival rate. Key words: Catfish, survival rate, feed efficiency, recirculation

Download Full-text

The Effect of Zeolite Toward Ammonia (NH3) in Tilapia Rearing Media with Recirculation System

Jurnal Perikanan Universitas Gadjah Mada ◽

10.22146/jfs.64741 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 55

Author(s):

Saberina Rina Hasibuan ◽

Syafriadiman Syafriadiman ◽

Muhammad Nandy Syahputra

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Survival Rate ◽

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Research Method ◽

Stocking Density ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Appropriate Treatment ◽

Recirculation System ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Fish Survival

Culture of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) with high stocking density and feeding can cause a decrease in water quality due to the accumulation of metabolic waste such as ammonia which is toxic for fish rearing. A zeolite filter is needed which can reduce ammonia levels until it is not harmful to fish survival. This research was conducted in February-April 2020 at the Aquaculture Environmental Quality Laboratory, Fisheries and Marine Faculty of Riau University. The purposed of this study was to determine the effect of using zeolite on Ammonia (NH3) and determine the appropriate dose for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) rearing. The research method was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) one factor with 4 levels of treatment (P0: Control without the use of filters, P1: Use of zeolite 5.68 g/L, P2: Use of zeolite 11.37 g/L, P3: Use of zeolite 17.05 g/L). The appropriate treatment for Tilapia rearing is P3 (Zeolite 17.05 g/L) with TAN value is 0.2616 mg/L, Ammonia 0.0018 mg/L, TAN reduction is 59%, and Survival Rate of fish is 88.88%. The value of water quality during the study were temperature 27-29 oC, pH 6.7-7.0, and DO 6.2-6.9 mg/L.

Download Full-text

Water quality, growth and production performance of stinging catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) in cemented tanks with two different stocking densities

Bangladesh Journal of Zoology ◽

10.3329/bjz.v47i1.42026 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 107-119

Author(s):

Dulon Roy ◽

Abdullah Al Masud ◽

Pritam Kumar Saha ◽

MM Kutubuddin ◽

Md Muzahidul Islam

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Body Weight ◽

Survival Rate ◽

Stocking Density ◽

Culture Technique ◽

Production Performance ◽

Heteropneustes Fossilis ◽

Tank Culture ◽

Significant Difference ◽

T1 And T2

Attempt has been taken to develop intensive tank culture technique providing natural environment for Stinging catfish (Heteropneustes fossilis) inside tank to increase survival rate as well as production. The experiment was conducted for a period of 150 days in two tanks (T1 and T2) of 300 m2. Fish fries with a mean weight and length ranged from 1.02 to 2.2 g and 2.7 to 3.5 cm were stocked in T1 and T2, respectively. Stocking density of fingerlings were 1, 25,000 and 1, 50,000 per Ha in T1 and T2, respectively. Commercial pelleted feed was supplied to tank reared fish twice daily at a rate of 3-10% of body weight per day and later feeding rate was adjusted based on body weight by sampling. Important water quality parameters (temperature, DO, pH, transparency, ammonia and nitrate) were recorded weekly throughout the culture period. Survival rate was 87% and 84% in T1 and T2, respectively. Mean final weight were 41.73 ± 2.09g and 40.6 ± 0.90 g in T1 and T2, respectively. Length-weight relationship indicates that the growth rate was always higher in T1 followed by T2. Results showed that net yield was relatively higher in T2 (5115.35 ± 113.13 Kg/ha) than T1 (4537.12 ± 227.4 Kg/ha). In case of production, there was significant difference (p < 0.05) between two treatments. This experiment demonstrated the potential of H. fossilis production through new technique of tank culture system. However, more research is needed using local feed ingredients with higher stocking density. Bangladesh J. Zool. 47(1): 107-119, 2019

Download Full-text

Effects of a Partially Perforated Flooring System on Ammonia Emissions in Broiler Housing—Conflict of Objectives between Animal Welfare and Environment?

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11030707 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 707

Author(s):

Carolin Adler ◽

Alexander J. Schmithausen ◽

Manfred Trimborn ◽

Sophia Heitmann ◽

Birgit Spindler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Animal Welfare ◽

Environmental Protection ◽

Ph Value ◽

Stocking Density ◽

Ventilation Rate ◽

Air Pollutant ◽

Production Performance ◽

Poultry Production ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Nh3 Emission

A partially (50%) perforated flooring system showed positive effects on health- and behavior-based welfare indicators without affecting production performance. Ammonia (NH3) is the most common air pollutant in poultry production, with effects on animal welfare and the environment. The objectives of animal welfare and environmental protection are often incompatible. Therefore, this study addresses the question of how a partially perforated flooring system affects NH3 emissions. According to German regulations, three fattening periods were carried out with 500 Ross 308 broilers per barn (final stocking density: 39 kg m−2). The experimental barn was equipped with an elevated perforated area in the supply section, accessible by perforated ramps. The remaining area in the experimental barn and the control barn were equipped with wood shavings (600 g m−2). Besides the different floor types, management was identical. Air temperature (Temp), relative air humidity (RH), NH3 concentration, and ventilation rate (VR) were measured continuously. Furthermore, dry matter (DM) content, pH, and litter quality were assessed. Towards the end of the fattening periods, the NH3 emission rate (ER) of the partially perforated flooring system was higher compared with that of the littered control barn (all p < 0.001). This effect is mainly caused by the higher NH3 concentrations, which are promoted by the lack of compaction underneath the elevated perforated area and the increase in pH value under aerobic conditions. Nevertheless, the partially perforated flooring system offers different approaches for NH3 reduction that were previously not feasible, potentially contributing equally to animal welfare and environmental protection.

Download Full-text

Growth performance of 3-g Anguilla bicolor bicolor at different density

Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia ◽

10.19027/jai.13.46-53 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 46

Author(s):

Sufal Diansyah ◽

Tatag Budiardi ◽

Agus Oman Sudrajat

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Specific Growth ◽

Stocking Density ◽

Growth Stress ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Blood Profile ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Recirculation System ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Average Body

ABSTRACT This study was carried out to evaluate growth performancce of eel (Anguilla bicolor bicolor) at the density of 2 g/L, 3 g/L, and 4 g/L in the recirculation system. The experimental design used was completely randomized design with three replications. The eel used for this study was Anguilla bicolor bicolor at stadia elver with average body weight of 3 g/fish. Fish were reared for 60 days. Analysis of the blood profile and blood glucose level were done every ten days, while cortisol measurement was performed three times on the day-0, 30, and 60. Results showed that stocking density affected biomass growth. The best stocking density was 4 g/L with the growth of 10.62 g biomass/day, the specific growth of 1.47%, 1.16 feed conversion, and survival of 96.24%. All treatments did not give significant effect on the blood glucose and cortisol level. Keywords: elver, stocking density, growth, stress response, recirculation system ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja pertumbuhan ikan sidat (Anguilla bicolor bicolor) dengan padat tebar 2 g/L, 3 g/L, dan 4 g/L dalam sistem resirkulasi. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga ulangan. Ikan sidat yang digunakan adalah spesies Anguilla bicolor bicolor stadia elver dengan bobot rata-rata 3±1 g/ekor. Pemeliharaan dilakukan selama 60 hari. Analisis gambaran darah dan glukosa darah dilakukan setiap sepuluh hari sekali, sedangkan pengukuran kortisol dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali yaitu pada hari ke-0, 30, dan 60. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan padat tebar berpengaruh nyata terhadap laju pertumbuhan biomassa. Padat tebar terbaik adalah 4 g/L dengan laju pertumbuhan biomassa 10,62 g/hari, laju pertumbuhan spesifik 1,47%, konversi pakan 1,16, dan sintasan 96,24%. Semua perlakuan padat tebar tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap kadar glukosa darah dan kortisol. Kata kunci : elver, padat tebar, pertumbuhan, respons stres, sistem resirkulasi

Download Full-text

PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE AND BLOOD PROFILE OF CLIMBING PERCH Anabas testudineus Bloch CULTURED IN PEAT POND WITH DIFFERENT STOCKING DENSITIES

Indonesian Aquaculture Journal ◽

10.15578/iaj.14.2.2019.83-89 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 83

Author(s):

Ani Widiyati ◽

Adang Saputra ◽

Eri Setiadi

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Stocking Density ◽

Mesh Size ◽

The Body ◽

Production Performance ◽

Fish Ponds ◽

Anabas Testudineus ◽

Blood Profile ◽

Climbing Perch ◽

Freshwater Aquaculture

Climbing perch is one of economically-valued local fish in Indonesia, particularly in Borneo, Sumatra, and Java Islands. The fish has the potential to be developed as freshwater aquaculture species. The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the production performance and blood profile of climbing perch cultured in peat pond with different stocking densities. The research was conducted in Kereng Bangkiray Village, Sebangau District, Palangkaraya City, Central of Borneo. Nine fish ponds sized 5.0 m x 5.0 m x 1.5 m were used. Nets with a mesh size of 1 cm measuring 2.0 m x 1.5 m x 1.0 m was installed in each fish pond for the experiment. The treatment consisted of different stocking densities, namely 15 fish/m2, 30 fish/m2, and 45 fish/m2. Fish with the body weight of 20 ± 1.25 g were used. Fish were cultured for four months. An artificial diet containing 30% protein was given with a feeding rate of 5%. The experiment was designed in a complete randomized design. The result showed that the production performances (i.e. survival, specific growth rate, absolute weight, and biomass) were significantly higher at the densities of 15 and 30 fish/m2 than that of 45 fish/m2 (P<0.05). Blood profile such as glucose, erythrocyte, leucocyte, and hemoglobin were higher at the density of 45 fish/m2 except for hematocrit which was higher at the densities of 30 and 15 fish/m2. Water quality parameters such as dissolved oxygen, nitrite, nitrate, and ammonia at the densities of 15 and 30 fish/m2 showed better values than that of 45 fish/m2 stocking density. To optimize the productivity and maintain the optimum water quality condition, the optimal stocking density for climbing perch culture is suggested at 30 fish/m2.

Download Full-text

Polyculture of Giant Freshwater Prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii and Nilem Carp, Osteochilus hasselti Cultured in Recirculation System Using Biofiltration

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20184702005 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 02005

Author(s):

Eri Setiadi ◽

Imam Taufik

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Macrobrachium Rosenbergii ◽

Stocking Density ◽

Biomass Productivity ◽

Freshwater Prawn ◽

Water Spinach ◽

Giant Freshwater Prawn ◽

Recirculation System

Giant Freshwater Prawn is one of the freshwater commodity which have an economy value where Nilem carp has also potentially to be cultured to produce fingerling size as a “baby fish”. The purpose of this experiment is to determine the optimal survival, growth, FCR, and productivity of Giant Freshwater Prawn and Nilem carp cultured on polyculture system and also biomass productivity of bio filter (snail, water spinach, and Cabomba). The different stocking density of Nilem carp as a treatments were as followed: A) 25 fish m-3 B) 50 fish m-3, and C) 75 fish m-3. Density of Giant Freshwater Prawn was 20 individuals m-3 for all treatments. The result showed that the optimal of survival, growth (length and weight), productivity and FCR for Giant Freshwater Prawn was found at density of 25 fish m-3 (A) than that of density 50 fish m-3 (B) and 75 fish m-3 (C) (P<0.05). The highest of biomass productivity of bio filter (snail, water spinach, and Cabomba) was found at density of 25 fish m-3 (A) than that of density of 50 fish m-3 (B) and 75 fish m-3 (P<0.05). Water quality such as DO, temperature and pH showed almost the same at all treatments.

Download Full-text

OPTIMASI DAYA TETAS TELUR IKAN GURAMI (Osphronemus gouramy, Lac) DENGAN PENGONTROLAN SUHU AIR

EnviroScienteae ◽

10.20527/es.v15i3.7425 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 334

Author(s):

Anny Rimalia ◽

Yulius Kisworo

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Experimental Design ◽

Dissolved Oxygen ◽

Stocking Density ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Temperature Data ◽

Hatching Rate ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Water Temperature Data

This study aims to determine the effect of different temperatures and stocking densities and the hatching rate of Gouramy eggs with Experimental Design of Factorial Complete Randomized Design The main treatments of temperature, including A1: Temperature 28ºC and A2: Temperature 30ºC. The main treatment of stocking density includes B1: Stocking density of 10 pcs/liters and B2: Stocking density of 20 pcs/liters. The results were obtained as follows: Different temperatures did not have a significant effect on the hatching rate of Gouramy eggs. Different stocking densities have a significant effect on the hatching rate of Gouramy eggs. The interaction of temperature and stocking density did not have a significant effect on the hatching rate of Gouramy eggs. From the results of measurements of water quality parameters obtained water temperature data 28 and 30 ° C, pH 7.3 - 8.5 and DO (dissolved oxygen) ranged from 4.68 to 5.00 ppm

Download Full-text