The Urgency of Restorative Justice on Medical Dispute Resolution in Indonesia

Medical disputes in Indonesia are regulated by a host of laws. The important question that needs to be asked, however, is whether those laws have guaranteed justice for patients and doctors. This study aims to analyze the urgency of restorative justice in medical disputes. It explores secondary data and is normative legal research. The data was gathered through library research consisting of data collection activities based on several publications. This study focuses on legal principles with a doctrinal approach. It concludes that restorative justice is urgent to use in medical, criminal, and civil cases. This is evident in the will of the Health Law which prioritizes mediation as the first mechanism before being brought to trial. Furthermore, the use of restorative justice in medical dispute resolution is driven by the presence of three conditions: First is structural challenges among law enforcers and their limited capabilities in dealing with complex medical cases; Second is the condition of Indonesian correctional institutions which is overburdened and unable to provide maximum output, and the third is the relatively low number of Indonesian health workers. (Sengketa Medis di Indonesia telah diatur dalam beberapa peraturan perundang-undangan. Namun, pertanyaan penting yang perlu diajukan yaitu apakah peraturan yang ada telah menjamin kedilan bagi pasien dan dokter. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis urgensi prinsip keadilan restoratif dalam penyelesaian sengketa medis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif yang mengkaji data sekunder. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan studi pustaka (library research), yaitu kegiatan pengumpulan data yang berasal dari berbagai literatur. Penelitian ini fokus pada asas-asas hukum dengan pendekatan dokrinal. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa prinsip keadilan restoratif penting diterapkan dalam kasus medis, pidana, maupun perdata. Ini misalnya dapat dilihat dari i’tikad baik dalam Hukum Kesehatan yang mempriorotaskan mediasi sebagai mekanisme pertama sebelum dibawa ke pengadilan. Dalam konteks sengketa medis, prinsip keadilan restoratif menjadi urgen untuk diterapkan sedikitnya karena tiga hal; pertama adalah tantangan struktural di kalangan para penegak hukum serta kemampuan mereka yang terbatas dalam menghadapi kasus medis yang biasanya kompleks. Kedua, kondisi lembaga pemasyarakatan Indonesia yang over kapastias sehingga tidak mampu memberikan output yang maksimal; dan ketiga adalah jumlah tenaga kesehatan di Indonesia yang relatif rendah.

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Kajian Yuridis Penyelesaian Sengketa Medik di Indonesia

Wajah Hukum ◽

10.33087/wjh.v3i2.67 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 200

Author(s):

Supeno Supeno

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Dispute Resolution ◽

Criminal Law ◽

Health Workers ◽

Level Of Education ◽

Legal Relationship ◽

Medical Disputes ◽

Present Context ◽

Medical Dispute ◽

Two Sides

The higher level of education and welfare of the community will make the level of legal awareness of the community higher too, in the present context health care is not only seen as an ordinary relationship but has become a legal relationship between health workers and patients, in that relationship disputes can occur between the two sides parties, in fact many cases / medical disputes are directly processed criminally, Indonesian law has stipulated that if a case occurs then it can be resolved through administrative, civil and criminal law, the purpose of this study is to examine the main priorities of medical dispute resolution in case of suspected error and / or negligence committed by health workers. This paper is an idea and legal study that the author peels normatively. The results of the study indicate that if there is a suspicion of error and / or negligence made by a health worker must be checked first by an honorary assembly and sought as far as possible mediated.

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ISLAH MENURUT HUKUM ISLAM RELEVANSINYA DENGAN PENEGAKAN HUKUM PIDANA DI TINGKAT PENYIDIKAN

Yustisia Jurnal Hukum ◽

10.20961/yustisia.v3i2.11090 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Waluyadi ,

Keyword(s):

Law Enforcement ◽

Restorative Justice ◽

Dispute Resolution ◽

Empirical Research ◽

Alternative Dispute Resolution ◽

Islamic Law ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Criminal Case ◽

Criminal Matters ◽

Case Based

AbstractThe purpose of this reseach is to describe the reality of peace at investigation levels, then compared to islah according to Islamic law as the reason of criminal removing, to find / to know the relevance. Based on the relevance, it possible become material for the legislators to formulate islah as a model of law enforcement at the level of investigation. This research is the normative research supported by empirical research. The data used was primary and secondary data. Data was collected by means of study documentation and interviews. Data were analyzed quatitatively dan and presented quatitatively. The research showed that the completion of criminal case based on the agreement between perpetrator and victim, along the case have not reached the judge. If the agreement is violated, they agreed to use the formal law. Criminal case which are resolved with peace/islah personalized and value of the loss is relatively small. Islam placing islah as an alternative the completion of criminal matters, along the case have not reached the judge. In the literature and practice, settling disputes with peace known as Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR), which is based on Restorative Justice Theory. Al Qur’an has set peace/islah as a model the completion of criminal matters, long before these theories arises. Peace/ islah in the completion of a criminal case at the level of investigation relevant to satisfy the principle of fast, simple, and inexpensive.Keyword : Islah, Islamic Law, Relevance and InvestigationAbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan realitas perdamaian pada tingkat penyidikan, selanjutnya akan dibandingkan dengan islah menurut hukum Islam sebagai alasan penghapus pidana, untuk diketahui/ ditemukan relevansinya. Berdasarkan relevansi tersebut, dimungkinkan menjadi bahan bagi pembentuk undang-undang untuk menformulasikan islah sebagai model penegakan hukum pidana pada tingkat penyidikan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian normatif yang didukung dengan penelitian empiris. Data yang digunakan mencakup data primer dan data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara studi dokumentasi dan wawancara. Data dianalisis secara kualitatif dan disajikan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan penyelesaian perkara pidana dengan perdamaian pada tingkat penyidikan mendasarkan kesepakatan pelaku dan korban. Apabila kesepakatan itu dilanggar, mereka sepakat untuk menggunakan hukum formal. Perkara pidana yang diselesaikan dengan perdamaian/ islah, bersifat personal dan nilai kerugiannya relatif kecil. Islam menempatkan perdamaian/islah sebagai alternatif penyelesaian perkara pidana, sepanjang perkara tersebut belum sampai ke tangan hakim. Dalam literatur dan praktik, penyelesaian perkara dengan perdamaian disebut Alternative Disput Resolution (ADR) yang mendasarkan pada teori Restorative Justice. Al-Qur’an telah menetapkan Perdamaian/ Islam sebagai model penyelesaian perkara pidana, jauh sebelum teori-teori itu muncul. Perdamaian/ Islah dalam penyelesaian perkara pidana ditingkat penyidikan, relevan untuk pemenuhan asas cepat, sederhana dan biaya ringan.Kata Kunci: Islah, Hukum Islam, Relevansi dan Penyidikan

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Executorial Strength of Deed of Peace in Civil Dispute Resolution in Indonesia

Psychology and Education Journal ◽

10.17762/pae.v58i1.1770 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 5179-5184

Author(s):

Endang Hadrian

Keyword(s):

Dispute Resolution ◽

Dispute Settlement ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Comparative Law ◽

Legal Research ◽

Legal Principles ◽

Legal Rules ◽

Legal Remedies ◽

Peace Settlement ◽

Civil Dispute

Civil dispute resolution can be settled through peace institutions with the legal product in form of a deed of peace. However, this institution has not been used by many people even though it provides the civil dispute settlement the executorial strength faster. Thus, it offers no further legal remedies be it in the form of appeals and cassation. Practically, a deed of peace is known to have executorial strength. However, some parties pursue the legal effort despite the peace settlement in the form of the deed of peace. The optimization of the use of the peace institution with executorial strength is expected to solve the problems. This study employed normative legal research with the perspective of legal/ judicial focused on rules/norms of Civil Procedure Law and comparative law through legal principles. It is the study of legal rules which are the benchmarks to behave appropriately. This study was carried out on the norms and principles in the secondary data, which were found in the primary, secondary, and tertiary legal sources.

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Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa sebagai Solusi Mewujudkan Asas Pemeriksaan Perkara “Sederhana, Waktu Singkat dan Biaya Murah”

SALAM Jurnal Sosial dan Budaya Syar i ◽

10.15408/sjsbs.v7i4.15167 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Syafrida Syafrida

Keyword(s):

Dispute Resolution ◽

Alternative Dispute Resolution ◽

Low Cost ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Good Faith ◽

District Court ◽

Procedural Law ◽

Library Research ◽

Long Time ◽

Short Time

AbstractBackground to the problem "Alternative Dispute Resolution" (APS) is a dispute resolution agency or dissent which is resolved through an agreement procedure by the parties carried out outside the court by means of consultation, negotiation, mediation, conciliation or expert judgment. The settlement is based on good faith by ignoring litigation settlement through the District Court which takes a long time and is expensive, bound to formal procedures that must be implemented. This certainly contradicts the principle of civil procedural law "examination is as simple as possible, short time and low cost." The method used to write this article is Library Research using secondary data in the form of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials relating to Alternative Dispute Resolution (APS). The research is normative juridical. The conclusion is that dispute resolution through alternative dispute resolution carried out in a manner that is carried out outside the court is based on good faith to reach an agreement, mutually beneficial is to realize the principle of hearing a simple "short time and low cost." While the superiority of resolution through Alternative Dispute Resolution (APS) is an examination based on the agreement of the parties, good faith, mutual benefit between the two parties, no one loses and wins, prevents hostility between the parties and closed examination.Keywords: Alternative Dispute Resolution, Examination "simple, short time and low cost" AbstrakLatar belakang masalah Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa (APS) adalah lembaga penyelesaian sengketa atau beda pendapat yang diselesaikan melalui prosedur kesepakatan oleh para pihak dilakukan di luar pengadilan dengan cara konsultasi, negosiasi, mediasi, konsiliasi atau penilaian ahli. Penyelesaian didasarkan itikad baik dengan mengenyampingkan penyelesaian secara litigasi melalui Pengadilan Negeri yang memakan waktu yang lama dan biaya yang mahal, terikat pada prosedur yang formal yang harus dilaksanakan. Hal ini tentu bertentangan asas hukum acara perdata “pemeriksaan sesederhana mungkin, waktu singkat dan biaya murah.” Metode yang digunakan untuk menulis artikel ini adalah Penelitian Kepustakaan dengan menggunakan data sekunder berupa bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder dan bahan hukum tertier yang berkaitan dengan Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa (APS). Penelitian bersifat yuridis normatif. Kesimpulannya bahwa penyelesaian sengketa melalui alternatif penyelesaian sengketa yang dilakukan dengan cara yang dilakukan di luar pengadilan didasarkan pada itikad baik untuk mencapai kesepakatan, saling menguntungkan adalah untuk mewujudkan asas pemeriksaan perkara “sederhana waktu singkat dan biaya murah.” Sedang keunggulan penyelesaian melalui Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa (APS) adalah pemeriksaan didasarkan kesepakatan para pihak, itikad baik, saling menguntungkan kedua belah pihak, tidak ada pihak yang kalah dan menang, mencegah permusuhan diantara para pihak dan pemeriksaan tertutup.Kata Kunci: Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa, Pemeriksaan “sederhana, waktu singkat dan biaya murah”

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Mediation as an Alternative for Settlement of Medical Disputes Between Doctors and Patients in Therapeutic Agreements

International Journal of Social Science and Human Research ◽

10.47191/ijsshr/v4-i6-28 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 04 (06) ◽

Author(s):

Ariep Mulyadi ◽

Keyword(s):

Dispute Resolution ◽

Alternative Dispute Resolution ◽

Contract Law ◽

Research Approach ◽

Legal Relationship ◽

Medical Disputes ◽

Litigation Process ◽

Medical Dispute ◽

Sharp Criticism ◽

Dispute Mediation

The therapeutic transaction agreement is an agreement between a doctor and a patient which is a legal relationship. Therefore, it gives birth to rights and obligations between doctors and patients which have the potential to cause medical disputes between doctors and patients (malpractice). There are two ways to process medical dispute resolution, namely litigation (through court) and non-litigation (outside court). The litigation process is costly and time-consuming, and often results in one party being the winner and the other party being the loser. The protracted process in court causes a lot of sharp criticism of the judiciary when carrying out its functions, therefore it is necessary to improve the judicial system towards being effective and efficient, especially in medical disputes between doctors and patients. So the medical dispute mediation route between doctors and patients can be an alternative dispute resolution (ADR) that is more effective and efficient. The purpose of this study was to analyze the elements of a therapeutic agreement based on contract law in the Civil Code. And Analyzing mediation as an alternative to dispute resolution of therapeutic agreements for doctors and patients. To achieve this objective, research was conducted using normative juridical legal research methods. So this research approach uses the Statute Approach or research approach to legal products, by examining all laws and regulations related to what will be researched.

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PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM PROFESI DOKTER DALAM PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA MEDIS

Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum ◽

10.26532/jph.v4i1.1656 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 24

Author(s):

Setyo Trisnadi

Keyword(s):

Medical Practice ◽

House Of Representatives ◽

Health Personnel ◽

Legal Protection ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Medical Disputes ◽

Medical Dispute ◽

The Law ◽

The Government ◽

Article 50

This study aims to explore the analysis of the application of legal protection and its weaknesses in the settlement of medical disputes between physicians and patients today. Descriptively analytical and empirical juridical approaches, and using constructivism paradigm,it is hoped that the authors can describe various primary and secondary data to reconstruct the legal protection of the physician profession in the settlement of medical dispute between physicians and patients based on the value of justice. In the resolution of medical disputes between physicians and patients as set forth in Article 50 of Law No. 29 of 2004 on Medical Practice and Article 57 Law No. 36 Years of Health Personnel has not fully provided protection for doctors, because in practice the handling of alleged malpractice cases by the police investigator will certainly use the procedures or procedures in the KUHAP as a reference, this is because the Law does not regulate how to be in the event of suspicion that doctorsviolate articles In UUPK. The Government and House of Representatives are expected to make improvements to Law No. 29 of 2004 on Medical Practice, by making regulations on “procedural arrangements” ranging from inquiry, investigation, prosecution if necessary to verdict.

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IMPLEMENTATION EFFECTIVENESS OF HOSPITAL RESPONSIBILITY TOWARDS MEDICAL DISPUTE PROCESS AT HOSPITAL X CIBINONG

Jurnal Ilmiah Teunuleh ◽

10.51612/teunuleh.v2i3.59 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 15-24

Author(s):

Adelin Litan ◽

Fresley Hutapea ◽

Rina Mutiara

Keyword(s):

Public Relations ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Medical Personnel ◽

Hospital Staff ◽

Analysis Tool ◽

Study Approach ◽

Interactive Analysis ◽

Medical Disputes ◽

Medical Dispute ◽

Laws And Regulations

Medical disputes that are rife in the medical world in Indonesia are a separate burden for medical personnel in carrying out daily practices, where the hospital as a place for medical personnel to work, should be responsible for medical personnel involved in medical disputes. The absence of sufficiently clear regulations governing the responsibility of hospitals in resolving medical disputes, makes medical personnel, in this case, the most disadvantaged part. The purpose of this study is to empirically determine the applicable laws and regulations regarding the responsibility of hospitals in the process of resolving medical disputes and the effectiveness of their implementation. The research method used is qualitative research with case study approach. Data sources are primary and secondary data. The data analysis subjects were informants, namely the director of medical services, the legal department officer and the public relations officer. The analysis tool uses interactive analysis. There were at least 4 laws and regulations related to hospital responsibility for medical personnel and implementation of regulations regarding hospital responsibility towards medical dispute process is 88%. The research found no guidelines for handling medical disputes. This study shows that the laws and regulations related to hospital responsibility and their implementation in the medical dispute resolution process have been implemented. The recommendation to Hospital X Cibinong is to make guidelines on the flow of medical dispute handling and provide education about health law to all hospital staff, especially medical personnel as parties most vulnerable to malpractice suits.

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PENERAPAN RESTORATIVE JUSTICE DALAM PROSES PERKARA TINDAK PIDANA PENGERUSAKAN DIHUBUNGKAN DENGAN PERATURAN JAKSA AGUNG TENTANG PENGHENTIAN PENUNTUTAN BERDASARKAN KEADILAN RESTORATIF (Studi di Kejaksaan Negeri Pematangsiantar)

NOMMENSEN JOURNAL OF LEGAL OPINION ◽

10.51622/njlo.v2i01.347 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (01) ◽

pp. 133-142

Author(s):

Sahat Benny Risman Girsang ◽

Erni Juniria Harefa ◽

Pondang Hasibuan ◽

July Esther

Keyword(s):

Law Enforcement ◽

Restorative Justice ◽

Juvenile Justice System ◽

Low Cost ◽

Peace Process ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Primary Data ◽

Public Prosecutor ◽

The Public ◽

Library Research

Settlement of criminal cases through restorative justice in stage two (2) or since the handing over of responsibility for suspects and evidence to the Public Prosecutor has been regulated in the Attorney General's Regulation No. 15 of 2020 concerning Termination of Prosecution Based on Restorative Justice. The legality of the application of restorative in Indonesia has been used in Law No. 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Justice System (SSPA) and the Circular Letter of the Chief of Police No. 8 of 2018 concerning the Application of Restorative Justice before the start of the investigation sent to the Public Prosecutor. a law enforcement in a slow direction because law enforcement is carried out at various levels from the Police, Attorney General's Office, District Courts, High Courts and even to the Supreme Court. In the end it has an impact on the accumulation of cases that are not small in number in court. The purpose of this study is to find out the application and problems that occur in the application of restorative justice through efforts to stop prosecution in the process of resolving cases of criminal acts of vandalism associated with the Attorney General's Regulation No. 15 of 2020 concerning Termination of Prosecution Based on Restorative Justice. This research is normative-empirical juridical using a case approach and a statutory approach. Data collection techniques using primary data are field interviews at the Pematang Siantar District Attorney and library research to obtain secondary data. Referring to the principle of fast, simple and low cost justice, PERJA No. 15 of 2020 concerning Termination of Prosecution Based on Restorative Justice has been accommodated, especially in cases of destruction by making peace between victims and suspects, and the peace process is carried out voluntarily, with deliberation and consensus, without pressure, coercion and intimidation. In this peace process the facilitator is the Public Prosecutor, this is because there is no interest and connection with the case, against the victim and the suspect. In the implementation of PERJA No. 15 of 2020, it turns out that there are many obstacles, including the lack of understanding among law enforcement regarding restorative justice, lack of infrastructure, and public misunderstanding.

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Optimalisasi Stakeholder Dalam Pelayanan Kesehatan Narapidana Di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan

Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan ◽

10.48144/jiks.v13i2.255 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 85-97

Author(s):

Afif Adnan Zuhair

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Health Services ◽

Health Workers ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Correctional Institutions ◽

Descriptive Research ◽

Aceh Province ◽

The Right ◽

To Receive

Abstrak. Hak asasi merupakan suatu hak yang dipunyai oleh manusia. Undang-Undang No. 12 Tahun 1995 pasal 14 mengenai permasyarakatan yang mana juga meliputi berbagai hak narapidana yakni: mendapatkan hak pelayanan kesehatan, hak mendapatkan mendapatkan makanan yang layak, hak mendapatkan perawatan secara jasmani dan rohani. Narapinda merupakan terpidana dimana melaksanakan pidana yang kehilangan kemerdekaanya dalam Lembaga Pemasyarakatan. Pemberian pelayanan kesehatan pada Lembaga Permasyarakatan adalah sebuah perwujudan Hak Asasi Manusia. Berhasilnya pelayanan kesehatan tersebut juga adanya sebuah peran dari aktor kebijakannya atau stakeholder. Penelitian ini berfokus pada pelayanan kesehatan narapidana pada lembaga permasyarakatan di Indonesia dan juga optimalisasi stakeholder dalam pelayanan kesehatan di lembaga permasyaratan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan tipe penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui dokumentasi dengan menghimpun berbagai sumber data sekunder yang memiliki keterkaitan dengan penelitian ini. Pelayanan kesehatan pada beberapa lembaga permasyarakatan di Indonesia, seperti Lembaga Permasyarakatan Narkotika Kabupaten Langsa Provinsi Aceh, Lembaga Permasyarakatan Perempuan Kelas IIA Yogyakarta, Lembaga Permasyarakatan Kelas II Manado masih belum baik dikarenakan banyak kendala pada dana, petugas kesehatan dan koordinasi dengan stakeholder lainnya. Diperlukannya stakeholder pada posisi penyelamat (saviour) dan kawan (friend) dapat diisi oleh dokter ataupun perawat kesehatan, Dinas Kesehatan pada posisi penyelamat (saviour), narapidana pada posisi pemerhati (acquintance). Kata Kunci: Pelayanan Kesehatan, Narapidana, Stakeholder Optimization of Stakeholders in Inmate Health Services in Correctional Institutions Abstrack. Human rights are rights that belong to humans. Law Number 12 of 1995 Article 14 concerning prison which also includes various prisoners' rights, namely: getting the right to health services, the right to get proper food, the right to receive physical and spiritual care. Prisoners are convicted who carry out crimes who lost their independence in the Penitentiary. Providing health services to Penitentiaries is an embodiment of Human Rights. The success of the health service is also the role of the policy actor or stakeholder. This research focuses on prisoner health services in prison in Indonesia and also the optimization of stakeholders in health services in prison in Indonesia. This research uses descriptive research type with a qualitative approach. The method of data collection is done through documentation by collecting various secondary data sources that are related to this research. Health services at several penitentiary institutions in Indonesia, such as the Narcotics Penitentiary in Langsa, Aceh Province, Yogyakarta Class IIA Women's Penitentiary, Manado Class II Penitentiary are still not good due to many constraints on funds, health workers and coordination with other stakeholders. The need for stakeholders in the position of savior (savior) and friend (friend) can be filled by doctors or health nurses, the Office of Health in the position of savior (savior), prisoners in the position of observers (acquintance). Keywords: Health Services, Prisoners, Stakeholders

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Peran Kepolisian dalam Penyidikan Tindak Pidana Korupsi (Studi pada Kepolisian Daerah Sumatera Utara)

ARBITER: Jurnal Ilmiah Magister Hukum ◽

10.31289/arbiter.v1i2.116 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 135-145

Author(s):

Herikson Parulian Siahaan ◽

Marlina Marlina ◽

Muaz Zul

Keyword(s):

Secondary Data ◽

Legal Research ◽

Legal Principles ◽

The North ◽

Library Research ◽

The Republic ◽

Conducting Research ◽

National Police ◽

North Sumatra

The purpose of this study was to determine how the role of the police in the investigation of corruption, how the authority of the police in investigating corruption and how the obstacles faced by the police in investigating corruption in the North Sumatra Regional Police. This research is directed towards normative juridical legal research or doctrinaire which is also referred to as library research or document study because more is done on secondary data in the library. Normative or doctrinaire legal research proposed in this study is a study of legal principles by conducting research in the North Sumatra Regional Police. The results of the research and discussion explaining the regulation of the role of the police in investigating criminal acts of corruption are found in Law No. 8 of 1981 concerning the Criminal Procedure Code, Law No. 31 of 1999 concerning Corruption Crimes as amended by Law No. 20 of 2001 and Law No. 2 of 2002 concerning the National Police of the Republic of Indonesia, in which of all the arrangements explained that the investigator included in the corruption case was the Republic of Indonesia's National Police Officer.

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