scholarly journals “Negative Stabilization” and Factors of Population Welfare Dynamics in Post-Crisis Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia E. Tikhonova
Keyword(s):  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Planning Horizon ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Downward Mobility ◽  
Life Chances ◽  
The Social ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
Human And Social Capital

Recent years have been characterized by a further drop in real incomes of Russians and the spread of pessimism among them regarding their material situation (after a short-term growth of optimistic expectations during the presidential campaign). The current situation in Russia in this area can be described as “negative stabilization”, because, although the decrease in the population’s incomes has stopped, they have stabilized at a lower level than prior to the crisis of 2014–2016. Groups which differ in the dynamics of their material situation starting from 2014 also differ in the specifics of their composition and positions in the system of monetary and especially non-monetary inequalities. The higher an individual’s place in the social hierarchy of life chances, the higher the likelihood of him being in an upward mobility group and the lower the chances of winding up in a group with downward mobility, and vice versa. For the evolution prospects of Russian society’s stratification model this means an increasing polarization of the mass strata of the population. However, so far these processes proceed at a moderate pace and affect the “top” rather than the “bottom” of these strata. The most significant factors determining Russians’ assessments of the dynamics of their material situation are their health, type of locus-control and planning horizon — personal characteristics that affect the ability of developing and implementing effective adaptation strategies. The high importance of personal factors for the dynamics of one’s material situation indicates the crisis nature of modern Russian society, since for crisis societies personal qualities of an individual are more important for the vector of his mobility than structural factors or human and social capital.

A successful person, society and civic activism

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1800-1816
Author(s):  
G.B. Kozyreva ◽  
T.V. Morozova ◽  
R.V. Belaya
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
The Public ◽  
Civic Activism ◽  
The Social ◽  
Human And Social Capital ◽  
Person Model ◽  
Social Disparity

Subject. The article provides considerations on the formation and development of a successful person model in the modern Russian society. Objectives. The study is an attempt to model a successful person in the Russian society, when the ideological subsystem of the institutional matrix is changing. Methods. The study relies upon the theory of institutional matrices by S. Kirdina, theories of human and social capital. We focus on the assumption viewing a person as a carrier of social capital, which conveys a success, socio-economic position, social status, civic activism, doing good to your family and the public, confidence in people and association with your region. The empirical framework comprises data of the sociological survey of the Russian population in 2018. The data were processed through the factor analysis. Results. We devised a model of a successful person in today's Russian society, which reveals that a success, first of all, depends on the economic wellbeing and has little relation to civic activism. The potential involvement (intention, possibility, preparedness) in the social and political life significantly dominates the real engagement of people. The success has a frail correlation with constituents of the social capital, such as confidence in people and doing good to the public. Conclusions and Relevance. Based on the socio-economic wellbeing, that is consumption, the existing model of a successful person proves to be ineffective. The sustainability of socio-economic wellbeing seriously contributes to the social disparity of opportunities, which drive a contemporary Russian to a success in life.

Emotions Perceived and Emotions Experienced in Response to Computer-Generated Music

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 432-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Komosinski ◽  
Agnieszka Mensfelt
Keyword(s):  
Strong Influence ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Verbal Description ◽  
Marginal Effect ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Pitch Height ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Music Training ◽  
The Relationship

This paper explores perceived and experienced emotions elicited by computer-generated music. During the experiments, 30 participants listened to 20 excerpts. Each of the excerpts lasted for about 16 seconds and was generated in real-time by specifically designed software. Measurements were performed using both categorical (a free verbal description) and dimensional approaches. The relationship between structural factors of music (mode, tempo, pitch height, rhythm, articulation, and presence of the dissonance) and emotions was examined. Personal characteristics of the listener: gender and music training were also taken into account. The relationship between structural factors and the perceived emotions was mostly congruent with predictions derived from the literature, and the relationship between those factors and experienced emotions was very similar. Tempo and pitch height – the cues common to music and speech – turned out to have a strong influence on the evaluation of emotion. Personal factors had a marginal effect. In the case of verbal categories comparable with the dimensional model, a strong correspondence was found.

scholarly journals SOCIAL SELF OF DELINQUENT JUVENILES: PERSONALITY DIMENSION

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Interpersonal Interaction ◽  
Social Self ◽  
Personality Dimension ◽  
Typical Symptom ◽  
The Social ◽  
Theoretical Generalization ◽  
Personal Qualities

The article presents theoretical and empirical research of the personality and behavioral content of the social Self of delinquent juveniles. The theoretical argumentation of the problem relates to the necessity of studying the personal characteristics of the societal psyche of a delinquent, in which the integral picture of his social Self is reflected. It is emphasized that the sphere of personal problems affects the formation of social experience of delinquent young men and is characterized by typical symptom complexes of their personal qualities and style of interpersonal interaction. The purpose of the presented material is to study the personality and behavioral content of the social Self of a delinquent juvenile, characterized by typical symptom complexes of his personality characteristics and the style of interpersonal interaction. On the basis of the analysis and theoretical generalization of the problem, the program of empirical research has been worked out; it includes methods of observation and testing, as well as the complex of methods used for mathematical processing of the results, enables to specify the theoretical positions in the form of real psychological facts: in the assessment of “social Self” the positions of extraversion, spontaneous aggressiveness and selfishness dominate, and in the assessment of “actual Self” physical aggressiveness, irritability and negativism prevail; an aggressive form of desire for domination over others and selfishness in interpersonal contacts and inclination to rivalry are noted. It is proved that the personal dimension of “social Self” is localized in the symptom of such personality and behavioral characteristics of delinquent juveniles as physical, verbal and reactive aggressiveness, irritability, imbalance, aspiration for independence and self-centered conviction. It is noted that the obtained results can be used as psychodiagnostic guidelines for the development of specific psychocorrective measures with the obligatory use of consulting elements aimed at actualization of reflection, psychogenesis and logogenesis in the course of experiencing crisis of self-determination of delinquent juveniles.

scholarly journals DIFFERENCE OF WOMEN’S AND MEN’S PERSONAL QUALITIES IMPORTANT FOR PROFESSIONAL CAREERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 109-121
Author(s):  
Natalia Nazarenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Professional Growth ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Leadership Qualities ◽  
Professional Career ◽  
Professional Careers ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
Gender Role Stereotype

The article presented theoretically and empirically personal qualities important for a professional career. Basing on analysed scientific literature and the experimental study, we identified the most significant qualities of women and men important for professional growth. We found that women and men had personal factors influencing the active development of stable, conscious ideas about themselves and their place in the professional area. The peculiarities of existing professional gender-role stereotype and their formation were substantiated. The peculiarities of research approaches to the problem of working women and men were revealed. All components of personal characteristics, assessment of one’s own personality as a professional one were closely related to professional development. The specific personal characteristics in the professional careers of women and men were analyzed. We also determined that career choosing is influenced by personal, social and psychological factors. The analysed personal qualities influencing an individual’s professional development showed that every person has their own individual concept, motivation, motives, values, desires, by which they guided at career choosing. The aspects of the study on an individual’s professional development were considered and the internal determinants determining further personal development were identified. The article determines that personal, business qualities and skills should be highlighted; it helps to understand people’s weaknesses, strengths and fairly assess professional goals; such approach is the most comprehensive and productive. Because personal qualities influence career building, there is reason to believe that there are some differences in the professional area of women and men: women are more focused on communication and interactions, they able to establish contacts with others and regulate relationships, while men have leadership qualities, showing independence in judgments, tend to focus on their own views and preferences, more courageous and independent. The integrative role of personal factors for a specialist’s professionalization was empirically clarified. Professional work evokes a tendency to continuously develop boundless creative potential in various areas of life.

Ethnic niching in a segmented labour market: Evidence from Spain

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikolaj Stanek ◽  
Alberto Veira
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Immigrant Workers ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Immigrant Communities ◽  
Logit Models ◽  
Human And Social Capital

Using the Spanish National Immigrant Survey (NIS-2007) we identify the ethnic niches where workers from five main immigrant communities concentrate. We then implement logit models in order to assess how structural factors and human and social capital variables affect the odds of working in these niches. We observe that the strong segmentation of the Spanish labour market strongly favours the concentration of immigrants in certain occupational niches. Nevertheless, variables related to human and social capital still play a significant role in the placement of immigrant workers in different niches, all of which are not equally attractive. 

Impact of Project Manager Competencies on Project Success: Case of Social Projects in the City of Agadir, Morocco

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 456-469
Author(s):  
Habiba Abou Hafs ◽  
◽  
Fadila Boutora ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Skills ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Project Manager ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Behavioral Skills ◽  
Professional Characteristics ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City

The question of project manager competencies and especially in social projects is a key issue for social organizations seeking to progress and achieve success. If the manager has an important role to play with regard to the social organization, he’s however dependent on his behavioral, professional and personal capacities. The purpose of this paper is to show, on the basis of a quantitative study carried out among 120 managers of social projects in cooperatives located in the city of Agadir (Morocco), that the success of projects is conditioned by the leadership skills. Consequently, factors related to behavioral skills such as Solidarity; Involvement; Patience; Creativity; Empathy; Motivation; Trust; Commitment; Self-esteem; Transparency; Self-control; Discipline and other factors related to professional characteristics and personal characteristics of project managers prove a positive and significant relationship with the criterion of success studied.

Book Review: Toshchenko Zh.T. Trauma Society: Between Evolution and Revolution (The Experience of Theoretical and Empirical Analysis). Moscow: Ves’ Mir, 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 152-159
Author(s):  
Vladimir V. Krivosheev
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Sociological Theory ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Trauma Society ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Research ◽  
Further Development

The review reveals the basic conceptions elaborated by one of the major Russian modern sociologists Zh.T. Toshchenko in his new research. The reviewer argues that the book’s author thoroughly examines the various methodological grounds for identifying the essential characteristics of social dynamics. At the same time, the reviewer focuses on the further development of the theory of modern society, proposed by the book’s author. Thus, Zh.T. Toshchenko, who spent many years researching social deformations, formulates an important concept – the concept of a society of trauma as the third modality of social development along with evolution and revolution. The book offers a fundamentally new view of social life, there is a holistic, systematic approach to all its processes and phenomena. The reviewer concludes that the new book of the social theorist Zh.T. Toshchenko is a significant contribution to sociological theory, since it develops ideas about the state and prospects of Russian society, gives accurate assessments of all social processes.

СОВРЕМЕННОЕ РОССИЙСКОЕ ОБЩЕСТВО КАК ПРОСТРАНСТВО КОНФЛИКТА

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
V. V. Gorshkova ◽  
A. A. Melnikova
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Western Society ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Social Conflicts ◽  
The Social ◽  
Modern Russian

The article considers the contradictions and conflicts that are characteristic of modern Russian society. The processes of social disintegration are analyzed and interpreted as a result of fundamental social and economic transformations. The problems of economic inequality are presented in the historical perspective in close connection with the previous stages of Russia's socioeconomic development. Significant polarization of the population is one of the most significant conflict factors in modern society, which leads to an increase in protest moods and may in the long term threaten social upheavals. Nevertheless, dissatisfaction with the socio-economic situation does not lead to ideas of the unification and consolidation of society, but find expression in social conflicts. The emergence and development of social conflicts is influenced by a number of factors: economic, ethnic, religious. One of the most important characteristics of society is its social structure. After the collapse of the USSR, the previous social structure was abolished, and a new social reality was formed in Russia. When considering the stratification structure of society, most attention is paid to the middle class, which is considered the backbone of a stable society. The middle class in Russia is in the stage of formation, it is hardly possible to speak of a complete analogy with the middle class of Western society. The share of middle class in society can be estimated in different ways depending on the methodological approaches used by researchers. An important consequence of the transformation of the social structure was the problem of marginalization, since the dismantling of the old social structure and the slow formation of the new one put the social status and place in the division of labor system of many individuals into question. The sharp impoverishment of representatives of prestigious professions led to a reassessment of their situation, especially for the younger generation. When analyzing the origins of social conflicts in modern Russian society, it is necessary to consider the issue of the attitude of the broad masses of the population to power and national elites. It should be noted that power in Russia historically takes shape around specific leaders and does not have an institutional character. The most significant factor shaping the attitude towards the authorities and the elite in general in Russian society are the economic results of the market reforms that have taken place. Only a small part of the population believes that they won as a result of the changes that have taken place, the natural consequence of which is the population's distrust of the authorities and, in general, political institutions.

Organization of Individual Counselling of Children Brought up in Foster Families (on the example of the «Family» Centre»)

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-50
Author(s):  
Aygul Fazlyeva ◽  
Aliya Akhmetshina
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Individual Counseling ◽  
Emotional Instability ◽  
Foster Families ◽  
Individual Counselling ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Relationship

Children, brought up in foster families, experience various problems (diffi culties in interpersonal relationships with parents, diffi culties in communicating with peers, emotional instability), which lead to confl icts, quarrels, running away from home, destructive phenomena, etc. One of the eff ective forms of working with children brought up in foster families is individual counselling. Individual counselling is used by various specialists (psychologists, educators, psychotherapists), where a special place is taken by a social educator. His or her activity involves the implementation of social-protective, preventive, educational, informational, advisory functions. In the process of organizing individual counseling, the social educator takes into account the social situation of the family and the child, personal characteristics, social conditions, social and cultural characteristics and the nature of the relationship with the social environment. To organize individual counseling, a social educator needs to master various and eff ective techniques, and take into account a number of recommendations. An analysis of the literature and practical socio-pedagogical experience led to an understanding of the insuffi cient degree of elaboration of this issue. The purpose of this article was the solution to this problem.

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