scholarly journals Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Kombinasi Minyak Atsiri Biji Ketumbar (Coriandrum sativum L.) dan Gentamisin terhadap Staphylococcus epidermidis

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 421
Author(s):  
Bawon Triatmoko ◽  
Huda Almuttaqin ◽  
Dewi Dianasari
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Combination Effect ◽  
Antibacterial Efficacy ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Mic Value ◽  
Better Than

  Gentamicin is one of the antibiotics from the aminoglycoside group used for the treatment of infections. Gentamicin has side effect such as permanent ototoxicity and reversible nephrotoxicity. It was necessary to reduce these effects by combining antibiotic with natural ingredients, one of those is coriander seeds essential oil. Combination therapy is done to reduce the potential side effects, and increase antibacterial efficacy. Antibacterial activity test were conducted to measure the MIC values of gentamicin, essential oils of coriander seeds, and combination of both. Based on the antibacterial activity test, MIC value of gentamicin was 4 µg/mL, coriander seed essential oil was 50 µg/mL and MIC combination of gentamicin and essential oil of coriander seeds were 0.5 µg/mL and 50 µg/mL. The FIC Index value obtained was 1.125 meaning that the combination effect was indifferent. Indifferent combination effect means the use of a combination of coriander seeds essential oil and gentamicin as antibacterial was not better than the single use.   Keywords: coriander, essential oil, antibacterial, FIC Index, S. epidermidis  

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF STEM BARK ESSENTIAL OIL CONSTITUENTS OF LITSEA GLUTINOSA C. B. ROB.

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 258
Author(s):  
Arunodaya H. S. ◽  
Krishna V. ◽  
Shashikumar R. ◽  
Girish Kumar K.
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Vibrio Cholera ◽  
Litsea Glutinosa ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Mic Value

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the chemical composition, antibacterial and antioxidant properties of stem bark essential oil of <em>Litsea glutinosa </em>C. B. Rob.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The essential oil isolated from stem bark of <em>L. glutinosa </em>and their chemical composition was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry detector. The <em>in vitro </em>antibacterial activity of the stem bark essential oil was investigated against eight human pathogenic bacterial clinical isolates using agar disc diffusion method and MIC value was determined by modified resazurin microtitre-plate assay. The antioxidant activity of essential oil was measured by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), 2, 2-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonate radical cation (ABTS) and β-carotene bleaching assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GC-MS analysis of stem bark essential oil resulted in the identification of 37 compounds, off which 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (62.57%), hexadecanoic acid (12.68%), stigmast-5-en-3-ol (6.87%) and vitamin E (2.51%) were the main constituents representing 84.63% of the oil. The determination of <em>in vitro</em> antibacterial activity of stem bark essential oil resulted in significant inhibition zone (15.00±0.57 mm) and MIC value (0.15±0.15×10<sup>-2</sup> mg/ml) against the pathogenic bacteria <em>Vibrio cholera</em> followed by <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> and <em>Salmonella typhi. </em>The results of DPPH radical scavenging (IC<sub>50</sub>:4.540±0.06 µg/ml), ABTS (IC<sub>50</sub>:256.02±0.06 µg/ml) and β-carotene bleaching assay (%I: 78.51±0.42 <strong>%</strong>) showed significant <em>in vitro</em> antioxidant property.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><em>L. glutinosa</em> stem bark essential oil showed potential antibacterial activity against the <em>Vibrio cholera</em>. The results of this investigation supported the ethnomedical claim of essential oil as a demulcent, antidiarrheal and antioxidant drug.</p>

scholarly journals Antibacterial Effects of Oregano Essential Oil (OEO) and Its Potential Applications

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
R. Cabrera-Contreras ◽  
R. Morelos-Ramírez ◽  
J. P. Quiróz-Ríos ◽  
D. Muñoz-Quiróz
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Reference Strains ◽  
Serial Dilutions

Essential oils (EOs) are commonly used in food industry, due that they possess antioxidative and antimicrobial properties. There are few essential oils that have been used in medicine, due to its potent antibacterial activity against intrahospital pathogens. OEO has experimentally shown potent antibacterial effect on nosocomial Gram-positive bacteria, therefore it can be very useful in hospital environments, where there are many bacterial pathogens, which are the etiological agents of nosocomial infections and most of them are resistant to several antibiotics. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine antimicrobial effect of OEO on most frequent bacterial intrahospital pathogens: MRSA, MRSE comparatively to selected ATCC bacterial reference strains. Methods: This experimental study investigates the antibacterial action of oregano (Origanum vulgare) essential oil (OvEO) on two human pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus (SA) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (SE) Here, we used OEO against one of the most prominent antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains: methicillin-resistant SA (MRSAmecA+ = Meticillin Resistant SA and mecA- = Meticillin Resistance SA ), methicillin-resistant SE (MRSEmecA+ = Meticillin Resistance Staphylococcus epidermidis mecA+) and reference strains: S. aureus ATCC 700699, S. epidermidis ATCC 359845 and E. coli ATCC 25922. Bactericidal effects of the OEO on these bacteria were mainly evaluated using undiluted and four serial dilutions in coconut oil (CCO) l: 1:10, 1:100, 1:200, 1:400. Results: OEO, undiluted and 4 serial dilutions showed potent antibacterial activity against all strains tested. In conclusion, this OEO could be used as an alternative in medicine. The ability of OEO to inhibit and kill clinical Multi-Drug-Resistant (MDR): MRSA and MRSE strains, highlights it´s potential for use in the management of drug-resistant MDR infections in hospitals wards.

A COMPARISON OF RAT AND RABBIT SERA BACTERICIDINS ACTIVE AGAINST STAPHYLOCOCCI

1967 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 885-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. Yotis ◽  
J. S. Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
Sodium Citrate ◽  
Staphylococcal Infection ◽  
Rabbit Serum ◽  
Rat Serum ◽  
Normal Rat ◽  
Marked Resistance ◽  
Better Than

The respiration and growth of 5 strains each of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis in fresh normal rat and rabbit sera were measured. S. aureus grew and oxidized the sera of these animals better than S. epidermidis. Both S. aureus and S. epidermidis grew and respired more actively in rabbit than in rat serum. The antibacterial activity of rat or rabbit serum was stable to heating at 56 °C for 1 h, but its activity was destroyed after heating at 60 °C for 2 h. Treatment of rat and rabbit sera with 0.4 M sodium citrate drastically reduced the antibacterial activity of these sera. Once the sera had been treated with sodium citrate or oxalate, addition of equimolar solutions of calcium chloride or magnesium chloride failed to restore the antibacterial activity of rat and rabbit sera. Addition of ferric ions at concentrations which are not normally found in rat and rabbit sera reversed the inhibitory activity of these sera, thus allowing coagulase-negative strains of staphylococci to grow well in rat and rabbit sera. The antibacterial agent of rat or rabbit serum was absorbed by heat-killed cells of S. aureus and S. epidermidis; treatment with bentonite at a concentration of 100 mg/ml absorbed the antibacterial agent from rabbit serum but only partially from rat serum. The high levels of the antibacterial agent in rat serum may explain the partial removal of this agent by bentonite and may contribute to the marked resistance of the rat to staphylococcal infection.

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF FRUIT BANANA STONE AND MECHANISM

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Panal Sitorus ◽  
Dwi Suryanto, Hepni
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clear Zone ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Cellular Metabolite ◽  
Cell Leakage

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the strength of antibacterial activity of the fraction of banana stone and its mechanism.Methods: The antibacterial activity test was performed using the diffusion method by measuring the diameter of the clear zone around the disc paper.Results: The results of antibacterial activity test showed that ethyl acetate fraction was more effective against bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Propionibacterium acnes compared to n-hexane fraction.Conclusion: The resulting cellular metabolite leak showed that cell leakage in the three bacteria due to ethyl acetate fraction had leaked more protein than nucleic acid, while the leakage of more dissolved K+ ion than Ca2 + ions.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activities of Rough Lemon (Citrus jambhiri Lush) Rind Essential Oil

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Helmina Sembiring
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Test ◽  
Citrus Jambhiri ◽  
Disk Diffusion Test ◽  
Rough Lemon ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Paper Disk

The isolation of rough lemon (Citrus jambhiri Lush) rind essential oil has been done by using hydrodistillation method and paper disk diffusion test for antibacterial activity test. 2.3 gram (1.51%) of essential oil was obtained from 450 gram of dried rough lemon rind powder. Based on the analysis using GC-MS, the essential oil from rough lemon rind contains 5 chemical compounds, but only 4 of them can be interpreted. They are Limonene (71.88%), 1,4-cyclohexadiene (13.93%), β-Pinene (10.57%) and β-Ocimene (2.37%). Antibacterial activity was tested to Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli at 40% concentration (v/v) with 12.7 mm and 12.9 mm of clear zones respectively.

scholarly journals Uji Antibakteri Sediaan Masker Peel Off Ekstrak Etanol Daun Alpukat (Persea ameicana Mill.) terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis sebagai Antijerawat

Jurnal MIPA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Esterlina Aldora Puluh ◽  
Hosea Jaya Edy ◽  
Jainer Pasca Siampa
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
Inhibitory Ability ◽  
Activity Test

Daun Alpukat memiliki kandungan antara lain saponin, alkaloid, flavonoid, polifenol, quersetin yang bersifat sebagai antibakteri.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi terbaik dari ekstrak etanol daun alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) yang diformulasikan sebagai sediaan masker gel peel off berdasarkan uji aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode ekperimental laboratorium. Formula sediaan masker gel peel off ekstrak daun Alpukat dibuat dengan variasi konsentrasi 0.1%; 0.15%; 0.2%; 0.25% dan 0.3%. Ekstrak tanaman daun alpukat diperoleh dengan cara maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Pengujian antibakteri dengan metode sumuran diameter zona hambat yang paling besar yaitu pada konsentrasi 0,3% dengan diameter zona hambat 3 mm ± 0,32 dan kemampuan daya hambat dikategorikan lemah. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa konsentrasi terbaik dari ekstrak etanol daun Alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) yang diformulasikan sebagai sediaan masker gel peel off yaitu pada konsentrasi 0.3% dan dikategorikan kemampuan daya hambat lemahAvocado leaves contains saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, quercetin which are as antibacterial properties. This study aims to obtain the best concentration of ethanol extract of avocado leaves (Persea americana Mill.) which is formulated as a gel peel off mask preparation based on antibacterial activity test against Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria. This study uses a laboratory experimental method. Avocado leaf extract peel off mask gel formula is made with a concentration variation of 0.1%; 0.15%; 0.2%; 0.25% and 0.3%. Avocado leaf extract is obtained by maceration using 96% ethanol solvent. Antibacterial testing with the largest inhibition zone diameter wells method is at a concentration of 0.3% with a diameter of inhibition zone 3 mm ± 0.32 and the ability of inhibition is categorized as weak. It can be concluded that the best concentration of ethanol extract of avocado leaves (Persea americana Mill.) Which is formulated as a gel peel off mask preparation is at a concentration of 0.3% and categorized as weak inhibitory ability

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY TEST OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF WHITE AND RED FLESH FROM GUAVA LEAF ( Psidium guajava. L) AGAINTS Staphylococcus aureus AND Escherichia coli

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Hilda Maysarah ◽  
Rika Apriani ◽  
Misrahanum Misrahanum
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Agar Diffusion Method ◽  
Guava Leaf ◽  
Mic Value

An antibacterial activity test of ethanol extract of white and red flesh from guava leaf (Psidium guajava. L) against S.aureus and E.coli; using agar diffusion method was carried out in order to produce the extract. The extract was collected using maceration method. The concentration of extract was 7,8125; 6,1035; 5,00; 4,8828; 4,3944; and 3,90625 mg/mL. The results showed that both of extracts had antibacterial activities. Ethanol extract of white flesh of fruit guava leaf had (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) MIC value at 5.000 mg/mL against S.aureus and 4.8828 mg/mL against E.coli. Whereas ethanol extract of red flesh of fruit guava leaf had MIC value at 4.3944 mg/mL against S.aureus and E.coli.  MIC value of ethanol extract of white flesh of fruit guava leaf is equal with MIC value of clindamicin concentration at 3.00 µg/mL against S.aureus, and 1.00 µg/mL against E.coli. The MIC value of red flesh of fruit guava leaf is equal to the MIC value of clindamicin concentration at 3.00 µg/mL against S.aureus, and 1.00 µg/mL against E.coli.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novelγ-Alkylidene Butenolides

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gai-Zhi Liu ◽  
Yan-Bin Guan ◽  
Ya Wu ◽  
Hong-Min Liu
Keyword(s):  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Test Results ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Reference Compound ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Synthesis And Biological Evaluation ◽  
Mic Value ◽  
Better Than

Three new series of 4-substituted-5-alkylidene-2,5-dihydrofuran-2-ones were synthesized. The in vitro activity test results showed that some of them exhibited good antibacterial and cytotoxic activities. Among them compound5cshowed the most potent antibacterial activity againstEscherichia coliwith the MIC value of 20.00 μg/mL. Compound9cshowed good cytotoxic activity against Ec9706 cells withIC50value of 19.39 μM, better than that of the reference compound fluorouracil (IC50=37.74 μM).

scholarly journals Is the use of Gunnera perpensa extracts in endometritis related to antibacterial activ

2005 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
L.J. McGaw ◽  
R. Gehring ◽  
L. Katsoulis ◽  
J.N. Eloff
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Traditional Treatment ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Traditional Remedies ◽  
Weak Antibacterial Activity ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Mic Value

Rhizome extracts of Gunnera perpensa are used in traditional remedies in South Africa to treat endometritis both in humans and animals. An investigation was undertaken to determine whether this plant possesses antibacterial activity, which may explain its efficacy. Gunnera perpensa rhizome extracts were prepared serially with solvents of increasing polarity and tested for antibacterial activity. Test bacteria included the Gram-positive Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus and the Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A moderate to weak level of antibacterial activity in most of the extracts resulted, with the best minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 2.61 mg ml-1 shown by the acetone extract against S. aureus. The extracts were also submitted to the brine shrimp assay to detect possible toxic or pharmacological effects. All the extracts were lethal to the brine shrimp larvae at a concentration of 5 mg ml-1. The acetone extract was extremely toxic at 1 mg ml-1, with some toxicity evident at 0.1 mg ml-1. The remainder of the extracts generally displayed little activity at concentrations lower than 5 mg ml-1. In summary, the results indicate that although the extracts demonstrated a level of pharmacological activity, the relatively weak antibacterial activity is unlikely to justify the use of G. perpensa rhizomes in the traditional treatment of endometritis. Rather, the slightly antibacterial nature of the rhizomes may contribute to an additive effect, along with their known uterotonic activity, to the overall efficacy of the preparation.

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