scholarly journals Perspective of Indonesian Pediatricians on the Role of PrebioticSupplemented Formula towards Immunity, Growth and Development in Preterm Infants: A Preliminary Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1SP) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Nova Lidia Sitorus ◽  
Charisma Dilantika ◽  
Ray Wagiu Basrowi
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Absorption Studies ◽  
Current Guidelines ◽  
Immature Immune System ◽  
Significant Health

ABSTRACT Background: Immature immune system in preterm infants is associated with gut dysbiosis and poses significant health risks to their growth and development. Current guidelines for managing preterm infants focuses solely on macro- and micronutrients, whereas preterm infants’ gastrointestinal system requires optimalization to support nutrient absorption. Studies on the positive impacts of prebiotics as supplements have been conducted, but has not been implemented in Indonesia. Indonesian pediatricians’ perspective on these findings needs to be assessed. Objectives: To describe the perspectives of Indonesian pediatricians on the role of gut microbiota balance in supporting immunity, growth, and development of preterm infants, and the role of breastmilk and prebiotic-supplemented formula in optimizing gut microbiota balance. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 114 Indonesian pediatricians using a previously-validated and previously-used questionnaire on the role of gut microbiota balance on preterm infants, as well as the role of breastmilk and prebiotic-supplemented formula in optimizing gut microbiota balance. Results: Most respondents agreed that gut microbiota balance supports immunity, growth, and development of preterm infants. Respondents also agreed that breastmilk contains nutrients that support gut microbiota balance and when breastmilk becomes unavailable, prebiotic-supplemented formula can be given as substitute. Conclusions: Indonesian pediatricians considered gut microbiota balance to be important for immunity, growth, and development of preterm infants, and breastmilk to be the most ideal source of nutrition for preterm infants in optimizing gut microbiota balance. When breastmilk is unavailable, prebiotic-supplemented formula can be considered as an alternative.

scholarly journals Role of Inflammation on the Control of the Arterial Hypertension among Patients with Metabolic Syndrome.

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 01-05
Author(s):  
Ylber Jani ◽  
Atila Rexhepi ◽  
Bekim Pocesta ◽  
Ahmet Kamberi ◽  
Fatmir Ferati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Good Evidence ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Independent Association ◽  
Current Guidelines

BACKGROUND: It is widely accepted that hypertension is a pro-inflammatory disease and that the immune system plays a vital role in mediating hypertensive outcomes, end organ damages . and modulation of hypertensive pathology [2]. Patient with MetS usually present increased levels of C-reaktive protein (CRP) wich is a prototypic marker of inflammation [5], however the data of the influence of incresed levels of CRP on the control of the aterial hypertension in patients with MetS, are scarce. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the incresed CRP levels influence on the control of the aterial hypertension in patients with MetS. METHODS: We conducted a multicenter observational cross-sectional study. The study population recruited from a coule of outpatient clinic between june 2018 and june 2019. The population study consisted of 420 patients with MetS aged ≥ 18 years, divided in two groups:211 with level of CRP>3mg/l , and 209 participans with CRP level <3mg/l. RESULTS: Among those with CRP level > 3mg/l(N=211) controlled BP according to evidence and current guidelines, was achieved in 23.6% of participans, whereas among those with CRP level <3mg/l(N=209) controlled BP was achived in 48.3%; p=0.000). There was independent association of CRP levels >3mg/l with uncontrolled BP (OR=3.1, 95%CI 2.06 - 4.75). There were signifiacant association of uncontrolled BP with: uncontrolled glycemia (OR =1.4,95%CI 0.97-1.84); increased BMI (OR=4.4; 95%CI 3.02-4.05) and five risk factors for MetS.(OR=2.3, 95%CI 1.93-2.81). CONCLUSIONS: We think,we brought some good evidence,in our present study ,that patients with MetS and higher CRP level have a higher prevalence of unconrolled BP.

Gesundheitsversorgung bei koronarer Herzerkrankung mit psychischer Komorbidität

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula Köstler
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Services Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mental Comorbidities ◽  
Current Guidelines ◽  
Comorbid Mental Disorders

Current guidelines on the prevention of patients with coronary heart disease recommend screening for mental comorbidities (depression, anxiety, cognitive dysfunction) in order to establish the appropriate diagnosis for and treatment of comorbid mental disorders. So far, there is no empirical evidence that the guidelines are being implemented by practitioners. This prospective, multi-method cross-sectional study on health services research uses a qualitative design to interview patients, relatives and practitioners. Treatments, potential barriers and the quality of care for patients with coronary heart disease are analysed. The results show that the degree of implementation of the guidelines is low. Improvements in medical and social care towards patient-centred care point to a changed role of the general practitioner in the care of this patient group.

Role of Sildenafil in the Treatment of Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of Newborn (PPHN) - Should it Be Withdrawn from Market of Bangladesh due to Threat of being Misuses

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
Maksudur Rahman ◽  
Mohammad Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
MAK Azad Chowdhury ◽  
Abu Sayeed Munsi
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cardiac Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cardiac Intensive Care ◽  
Hospital Protocol

Background: Recently it has been apprehended that sildenafil, a drug which has been successfully using in the treatment of PPHN and erectile dysfunction in adult, is going to be withdrawn from the market of Bangladesh due to threat of its misuses. Objective: The aim of this study was to see the extent of uses of sildenafil in the treatment of PPHN and importance of availability of this drugs in the market inspite of its probable misuses. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), special baby care unit (SCABU) and cardiac intensive care unit (CICU) of Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital from June, 2017 to May 2018. Neonates with PPHN were enrolled in the study. All cases were treated with oral sildenefil for PPHN along with others management according to hospital protocol. Data along with other parameters were collected and analyzed. Results: Total 320 patients with suspected PPHN were admitted during the study period. Among them 92 (29%) cases had PPHN. Male were 49(53 %) cases and female were 43(47%) cases. Mean age at hospital admission was 29.7±13.4 hours. Based on echocardiography,13(14%) cases had mild, 38 (41%) cases moderate and 41(45%) cases severe PPHN. Mean duration of sildenafil therapy was 11.9±7.1 days. Improved from PPHN were 83 (90%) cases. Mortality was 10% (9). Conclusion: In this study it was found that the incidence of PPHN is 29% among the suspected newborns. Sildenafil is successfull in improving the oxygenation of PPHN and to decrease the mortality of neonates. DS (Child) H J 2019; 35(2) : 100-104

Role of Fibrinolytic Therapy in Empyema Thoracis – A Hospital Based one year Cross Sectional Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-350
Author(s):  
Dr. Girish.L Dandagi ◽  
◽  
Venkat kalyana kumar. P ◽  
Dr. Dr.Isaac Mathew ◽  
Dr. Dr.G S Gaude Dr. Dr.G S Gaude
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fibrinolytic Therapy ◽  
Empyema Thoracis ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
One Year

Breastfeeding practices among mothers of infants in Peringara Panchayat in Pathanamthitta District

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aswathy S. ◽  
Lakshmi M. K.
Keyword(s):  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breastfeeding Practices ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Type Of Delivery ◽  
Initiation Of Breastfeeding

The study was aimed to assess the breastfeeding practices among mothers of infants in Peringara Gramapanchayat in Kerala. Study was a community based cross-sectional study among mothers of infants in Peringara gramapanchayat using a pretested questionnaire. 142 breastfeeding mothers of infants in Peringara gramapanchayat were studied and mothers who were not present at home during the study were excluded from the study. Study period consisted of 18 days between December 2015 and January 2016. Study variables includes type of delivery, initiation of breastfeeding, breastfeeding practices and role of ASHAs in promoting good breastfeeding practices. Statistical analysis was done using Pearson’s Chi-square test and T test. The study found that exclusive breastfeeding has been done by 68.3% of mothers. There is no practice of giving pre-lacteal feed, 95.8% of mothers have given colostrum to the new born. Statistically significant association was found between the type of delivery and time of initiation of breastfeeding (p less than 0.05). Time of initiation of breastfeeding was prolonged in case of Caesarean section. 49.3% of mothers have breastfed the baby within one hour. 55.6% of mothers were informed about importance of breastfeeding by ASHAs and only 20.4% of mothers were informed about period of exclusive breastfeeding and period of complimentary feeding by ASHAs.

scholarly journals Gut Microbiota Profile and Its Association with Clinical Variables and Dietary Intake in Overweight/Obese and Lean Subjects: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2032
Author(s):  
Judit Companys ◽  
Maria José Gosalbes ◽  
Laura Pla-Pagà ◽  
Lorena Calderón-Pérez ◽  
Elisabet Llauradó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Clinical Variables ◽  
Obese Subjects

We aimed to differentiate gut microbiota composition of overweight/obese and lean subjects and to determine its association with clinical variables and dietary intake. A cross-sectional study was performed with 96 overweight/obese subjects and 32 lean subjects. Anthropometric parameters were positively associated with Collinsella aerofaciens, Dorea formicigenerans and Dorea longicatena, which had higher abundance the overweight/obese subjects. Moreover, different genera of Lachnospiraceae were negatively associated with body fat, LDL and total cholesterol. Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) were negatively associated with the genus Intestinimonas, a biomarker of the overweight/obese group, whereas SFAs were positively associated with Roseburia, a biomarker for the lean group. In conclusion, Dorea formicigenerans, Dorea longicatena and Collinsella aerofaciens could be considered obesity biomarkers, Lachnospiraceae is associated with lipid cardiovascular risk factors. SFAs exhibited opposite association profiles with butyrate-producing bacteria depending on the BMI. Thus, the relationship between diet and microbiota opens new tools for the management of obesity.

scholarly journals Sex differences in the phylum‐level human gut microbiota composition

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Koliada ◽  
Vladislav Moseiko ◽  
Mariana Romanenko ◽  
Oleh Lushchak ◽  
Nadiia Kryzhanovska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total N ◽  
Human Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Abstract Background Evidence was previously provided for sex-related differences in the human gut microbiota composition, and sex-specific discrepancy in hormonal profiles was proposed as a main determinant of these differences. On the basis of these findings, the assumption was made on the role of microbiota in the sexual dimorphism of human diseases. To date, sex differences in fecal microbiota were demonstrated primarily at lower taxonomic levels, whereas phylum-level differences between sexes were reported in few studies only. In the present population-based cross-sectional research, sex differences in the phylum-level human gut microbiota composition were identified in a large (total n = 2301) sample of relatively healthy individuals from Ukraine. Results Relative abundances of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria, as determined by qRT-PCR, were found to be significantly increased, while that of Bacteroidetes was significantly decreased in females compared to males. The Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio was significantly increased in females compared to males. Females had 31 % higher odds of having F/B ratio more than 1 than males. This trend was evident in all age groups. The difference between sexes was even more pronounced in the elder individuals (50+): in this age group, female participants had 56 % higher odds of having F/B ratio > 1 than the male ones. Conclusions In conclusion, sex-specific differences in the phylum-level intestinal microbiota composition were observed in the Ukraine population. The F/B ratio was significantly increased in females compared to males. Further investigation is needed to draw strong conclusions regarding the mechanistic basis for sex-specific differences in the gut microbiota composition and regarding the role of these differences in the initiation and progression of human chronic diseases.

scholarly journals Factors associated with emotional exhaustion in healthcare professionals involved in the COVID-19 pandemic: an application of the job demands-resources model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Barello ◽  
Rosario Caruso ◽  
Lorenzo Palamenghi ◽  
Tiziana Nania ◽  
Federica Dellafiore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Patient Engagement ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Resources ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Purpose The purpose of the present cross-sectional study is to investigate the role of perceived COVID-19-related organizational demands and threats in predicting emotional exhaustion, and the role of organizational support in reducing the negative influence of perceived COVID-19 work-related stressors on burnout. Moreover, the present study aims to add to the understanding of the role of personal resources in the Job Demands-Resources model (JD-R) by examining whether personal resources—such as the professionals’ orientation towards patient engagement—may also strengthen the impact of job resources and mitigate the impact of job demands. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 532 healthcare professionals working during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. It adopted the Job-Demands-Resource Model to study the determinants of professional’s burnout. An integrative model describing how increasing job demands experienced by this specific population are related to burnout and in particular to emotional exhaustion symptoms was developed. Results The results of the logistic regression models provided strong support for the proposed model, as both Job Demands and Resources are significant predictors (OR = 2.359 and 0.563 respectively, with p < 0.001). Moreover, healthcare professionals’ orientation towards patient engagement appears as a significant moderator of this relationship, as it reduces Demands’ effect (OR = 1.188) and increases Resources’ effect (OR = 0.501). Conclusions These findings integrate previous findings on the JD-R Model and suggest the relevance of personal resources and of relational factors in affecting professionals’ experience of burnout.

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