THE CORRELATION BETWEEN WATER, SANITATION, AND HYGIENE WITH SOIL-TRANSMITTED HELMINTHS INFECTION AMONG ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN OF ARU ISLANDS DISTRICT, MALUKU

ABSTRACTSoil-Transmitted Helminths (STH) infection is the most common intestinal parasite infection in Indonesia. STH infection can interfere with child development and cause cognitive impairment in severe cases. The school-age group is the most susceptible to STH infection because of direct contact with soil in the school yard. STH infection incidence can be avoided by adequate water, healthy latrines, and good hygiene and can be improved by proper interventions. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) with STH infection in Aru Islands District, Maluku. This study used a cross-sectional design and was conducted in Elementary Schools in Karangguli and Wokam villages, Aru Islands district, Maluku. One hundred and six stool samples were collected from both villages. The sociodemographic and WASH data were collected using the interview method. Stool samples were collected and examined for STH infection using a direct smear technique on the light microscope. Data statistical analysis was performed by the SPSS program using the Chi-square or Fischer’s Exact test. The examination results showed that 73 students (68.9%) were infected with STH. The bivariate analysis showed that water source (p = 0.000002), defecation place (p = 0.002), and washing hands after defecation (p = 0.048) were all significantly correlated with STH infection. This study concluded that WASH variables which were water source, defecation place, and washing hands after defecation had a significant correlation with STH infection. Keywords: Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH); soil-transmitted helminths infection; elementary school students.

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Analisis Pengaruh Pengetahuan dan Sikap T erhadap Perilaku Membuang Sampah

JOURNAL EDUCATIONAL OF NURSING(JEN) ◽

10.37430/jen.v1i1.68 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 102-113

Author(s):

Al- Bahra

Keyword(s):

Elementary School ◽

Elementary School Students ◽

Teacher Support ◽

Human Life ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Environmental Damage ◽

School Students ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional

Human life can not be separated from the environment, both the natural environment and social environment. In environmental issues, humans have a very important role. There are many human activities that directly or indirectly have an impact on environmental damage, one of which is the activity of littering in any place. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of knowledge and attitudes on trash disposal behavior in Muhammadiyah 34 elementary school students. This research uses quantitative correlation research with cross sectional study approach. The population in this study were all elementary school students with a population of 301 in the 2017 school year. The sample in this study was 83 people using the formula proposed by Nursalam. The results showed that students of Muhammadiyah 34 Elementary School who behaved poorly in disposing trash 46 (55.4%) respondents, with male gender as many as 38 (45.8%) respondents. Respondents who have poor knowledge 43 (51.8%) and who have negative attitudes 50 (60.2%) respondents. Inadequate availability of facilities for trash bins in schools 42 (50.6%), and teacher support that lacks support for 42 (50.6%) respondents. The results of the bivariate analysis with the chi square test of the variables studied showed that there was a relationship between gender, knowledge, attitudes, teacher support and the availability of trash facilities and the behavior of disposing garbage to the Muhammadiyah 34 Elementary School students. Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, Behavior, Trash.

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Relationship between Soil-Transmitted Helminth and Anemia in Elementary School Students Negeri 96 and 97 Palembang

Britain International of Exact Sciences (BIoEx) Journal ◽

10.33258/bioex.v3i3.489 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 136-143

Author(s):

Indri Ramayanti ◽

Atika Safitri Armo ◽

Miranti Dwi Hartanti ◽

Ahmad Ghiffari

Keyword(s):

Elementary School ◽

Elementary School Students ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

P Value ◽

School Students ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

School Aged Children ◽

Intestinal Worms ◽

The Relationship

Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) prevalence is high worldwide. School-aged children are at risk of infection due to poor self-hygiene and contaminated soil and water. Anemia is caused by infection in children, and it affects cognitive development, physical development, and school performance. To ascertain the relationship and distribution of STH and anemia in elementary school students, as the cross-sectional objectives. Students from SDN 96 and 97 Palembang participated in the study. Using stratified random sampling, 84 students from grades 4, 5, and 6 were chosen at random. Anemia is diagnosed through a test using the Quick Check hemoglobin method. They discovered that 40.5 percent of students had intestinal worms, 15.5 percent were anemic, and 11.8 percent were both anemic and worm-infected. A p-value of 0.438 was obtained from the chi-square bivariate analysis. There is no link between STH and anemia.

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Hubungan Stunting dengan Tingkat Keparahan Karies Gigi pada Anak Usia 10-12 Tahun di Kecamatan Tuah Negeri Kabupaten Musi Rawas

Jurnal Akademika Baiturrahim Jambi ◽

10.36565/jab.v10i2.395 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 426

Author(s):

Abubakar Lutfi ◽

Rostika Flora ◽

Haerawati Idris ◽

Mohammad Zulkarnain

Keyword(s):

Elementary School ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Developmental Disorders ◽

Dental Health ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

School Students ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Role Of Parents

Stunting is one of the most common malnutrition conditions. Stunting conditions can cause impaired child development including developmental disorders in the oral cavity. Stunting children are more susceptible to dental caries due to changes in saliva characteristics. This study aims to analyze the relationship between stunting and the severity of dental caries in elementary school-aged children in Tuah Negeri District, Musi Rawas Regency. Methods: This study is an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. A sample of 70 people was taken randomly from elementary school students in Tuah Negeri District, Musi Rawas Regency. Determination of nutritional status based on anthropometric measurements (TB/U). DMFT examination was carried out by looking at decaying, filling, and missing teeth, then the severity of dental caries was categorized into low (DMFT 0 - 2.6), moderate (DMFT 2.7 - 4.4), high (DMFT > 4.5). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 with Chi-Square Test analysis. Result: The results of the measurement of nutritional status showed that 34 children (48.6%) were stunted. In stunting children, there are 15 children (44.12%) in the low category, 16 children (47.06%) in the medium category, 3 children (8.82%) in the high category. The results of the bivariate analysis obtained p = 0.000. Conclussion: There is a significant relationship between stunting and the severity of dental caries in children aged 10-12 years in Tuah Negeri District, Musi Rawas Regency. It is necessary to increase efforts to promote health related to stunting and dental health through health education activities by involving the role of parents in choosing food intake and in maintaining children's dental and oral hygiene

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Analisis program sanitasi total berbasis masyarakat (STBM) pilar cuci tangan pakai sabun pada anak SD

Jurnal SAGO Gizi dan Kesehatan ◽

10.30867/gikes.v3i1.716 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 35

Author(s):

Imran Matondang

Keyword(s):

Elementary School ◽

Student Behavior ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Study Data ◽

Hand Washing ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

School Students ◽

Community Based ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: The problem of washing hands with soap in elementary school students is still high. Elementary schools in Kuala Pesisir Subdistrict, Nagan Raya Regency have not implemented hand washing with soap according to the 6-step principle. Efforts made by the Health Office to make this program successful are by increasing student compliance in hand washing activities through socialization and direct practice.Objective: This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the success of the pilar community-based total sanitation program for washing hands with soap at elementary school levels class V and VI in Kuala Pesisir District, Nagan Raya Regency.Method: Design This research is a cross sectional study. Data were collected using a questionnaire with a sample size of 240 students consisting of grades V and VI. Statistical analysis using Chi-square test and Binary Logistics Regression.Results: The results of bivariate analysis showed that there was a relationship between knowledge (p=0.002), attitude (p=0.007), behavior p=(0.000), hand washing facilities (p=0.000), teacher support (p=0.036), and availability of water (p=0.036). p=0.000) with a total community-based sanitation program pillar washing hands with soap. Based on multivariate analysis, the dominant variables associated with the pillars of hand washing with soap are behavior (OR=0.207; 95%CI: 0.082-0.524), water availability (OR=0.173; 95%CI: 0.050-0.595) and facilities. wash hands (OR=0.153; 95%CI: 0.047-0.501).Conclusion: It was concluded that positive student behavior 0.207 times was associated with the success of the hand washing program with soap compared to negative student behavior.

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Higiene perorangan dan karakteristik orang tua pada kejadian infeksi kecacingan siswa sekolah dasar

Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat ◽

10.22146/bkm.12946 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 33 (7) ◽

pp. 351

Author(s):

Fitria Eka Putri ◽

Lucky Herawati ◽

Sitti Rahmah Umniyati

Keyword(s):

Elementary School ◽

Data Gathering ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Primary Data ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Fisher Exact Test ◽

School Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Worm Infestation

PurposeThe study aimed to analyze the correlation between individual hygiene of the students and characteristics of the student’s parents, and the worm infestation infection among state elementary school students in Gunung Kidul Regency.MethodsThe design of the study was cross-sectional while the sampling technique was by purposive sampling. Respondents of the research were the third to fifth grade students from four elementary schools. Primary data gathering was conducted from April to May 2016, using observation and questionnaire pages as the instruments. The data analysis was performed using Fisher Exact test with confidence level of 95% and alpha= 0.05.ResultsThe results of the research show the prevalence of STH in Belik, Kropak, Gesing and Tepus I students, which was 2.7%. In the bivariate analysis, the variable which has significant relation with worm infestation infection is mother’s knowledge with PR= 0.91 (95% CI=0.82-1.02; p=0.035).ConclusionThis research suggests that public health center and school need to improve health promotion in elementary school children and mothers about clean and healthy life behavior.

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PREVALENCE, INTENSITY AND RISK FACTORS OF SOIL TRANSMITTED HELMINTHS INFECTIONS AMONG ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN NGIS VILLAGE, KARANGASEM DISTRICT, BALI

Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease ◽

10.20473/ijtid.v7i6.9952 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (6) ◽

pp. 137

Author(s):

Sang Ayu Arta Suryantari

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Elementary School ◽

Monitoring Program ◽

Primary Data ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Single Infection ◽

P Value ◽

School Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Soil Transmitted Helminths

Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) infections is one of health issues in Indonesia that has environment and social basis. It is classified as neglected disease. The Indonesian government already has eradication program, but it is not supported by evaluation and monitoring program. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence and relation of each risk factors related to STH infections in elementary school in Ngis village, Karangasem regency, Bali. The study was done by analytical description using cross sectional study. Samples were selected from population based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Primary data about suspected risk factors were collected using questionnaire. Diagnosis was established using Kato-Katz modification method. Data was analyzed using chi-square with confidence interval 95% or p value ≤0.05 categorized as significant. 138 students enrolled in this study, the median age is 9 (6-13) years. The prevalence of STH infections is 10.1% with 78.6% is single infection of Trichuris trichiura and 21.4% mixed infections. The proportion of STH infections in males is higher than female but it is statistically insignificant. STH infections have significant relationship with some risk factors such as not washing hand after defecation, not washing hand after playing with soil, barefoot, not cutting nails and consuming anti-helminthic routinely. The highest risk factor of STH infections in Ngis village is not having available and proper latrine. (OR=33.9; 95%CI=5.749-199.769). The prevalence of STH infection is quite high with mild to moderate intensity and risk factors namely low hygiene and limited latrines. The implementation of monitoring and evaluation can be an effort to control risk factors and stop the STH transmission chain.

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PERILAKU MENCUCI TANGAN DAN KEJADIAN KECACINGAN PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DI KECAMATAN PETANAHAN KABUPATEN KEBUMEN

Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Keperawatan ◽

10.26753/jikk.v11i2.103 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Siti Muthoharoh ◽

Djauhar Ismail ◽

Muhammad Hakimi

Keyword(s):

Elementary School ◽

Elementary School Students ◽

Prevalence Ratio ◽

Interval Data ◽

Hand Washing ◽

P Value ◽

School Students ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Worm Infestation

Children are the nation’s investment. The future quality of a nation is determined in the children’s current quality. The prevalence of worm infestation in Indonesia is quite high between 60-80% and especially attacks on elementary school children. A long term worm infestation can reduce health that impairs the ability to learn. Risk factors of worm disease include poor environmental sanitation, education level, socio-economic conditions, and health habits such as bowel movement in any places, lack of awareness in hand washing, no footwear as well as geographical conditions.Objective: To know the relationship of hand washing behavior with the incidence of worm on elementary school students in Petanahan Sub-District Kebumen District.The research was observational analytic with a cross sectional design. Sampling was done with a two-level clustering method. The sample size was 213 elementary school students in Grades 3, 4, and 5 that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data was collected using a questionnaire and the results of laboratory tests. Hypothesis testing used chi-square with p <0.05 and 95% Confidence Interval. Data analysis used univariable, bivariable, and multivariable.There was a relationship between worm infestation and hand washing behavior seen from the results that the students who did not wash their hands and were positive with worm infestation were 66 students or 59.46%, while the students that performed hand washing and were negative with worm infestation were 72 students or 70.59%. Statistical test result was significant seen from the p value of 0.0001 and the prevalence ratio of 2.02 (95% CI 1.44 to 2.83).Hand washing behavior on elementary school students of Petanahan District, Kebumen, showed that 52.11% of the students did not wash their hands. There was a relationship between hand washing and worm infestation on elementary school students of Petanahan Sub-District, Kebumen District. Keywords: hand washing behavior, the incidence of worm infestation

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HUBUNGAN ANTARA KEPEMILIKAN SIM C DAN KEIKUTSERTAAN DALAM TES PEMBUATAN SIM DENGAN PENGETAHUAN BERKENDARA DAN KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS DI KABUPATEN SIDOARJO

The Indonesian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.20473/ijph.v12i2.2017.167-178 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 167 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Fadilah Andy Nastiti

Keyword(s):

Traffic Accident ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

School Students ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Middle Income ◽

Exact Test ◽

Driving License ◽

The World

Traffic accidents are one of the biggest causes of death in the world. WHO states that 90% of deaths that caused by traffic accident in the world occur in low and middle income countries. Indonesia is ranked first with the highest percentage of deaths that caused by traffic accident in Asia. Most t raffic accidents involve motorcyclist with an average age of 15–29 years old. The purpose of this study is to determine the correlation between ownership of driving license and participation in driving license tests with driving k nowledge and t raffic accidents in h igh school students of Xi grade in Kabupaten Sidoarjo in 2017. This research was an observational analytic with cross sectional study design. The population of this study was all senior h igh school students of XI grade in Kabupaten Sidoarjo in 2017. The number of respondents was 204 students that drawn from the population by using two stage cluster random sampling method. Results of analysis using chi square and fisher’s exact test (α = 5%) indicate that the ownership of driving license (p = 0.259; RR 1.533) and participation in driving license test (p = 1.00; RR 0.586) did not have correlation with t raffic accidents in h igh school students of XI grade in Kabupaten Sidoarjo in 2017 and the ownership of driving license (p = 1.00; RR 1.008) and participation in driving license test (p = 1,00; RR 0.983) did not have correlation too with driving k nowledge in h igh school students of XI grades in Kabupaten Sidoarjo in 2017.

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PREVALENCE OF STRESS AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS IN SABAH, MALAYSIA BORNEO

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine ◽

10.37268/mjphm/vol.19/no.2/art.179 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 116-125 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Aldrin Musiun ◽

Khamisah Awang Lukman ◽

Mohammad Saffree Jeffree ◽

Fredie Robinson ◽

Mohd Rohaizat Hassan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Education ◽

Medical Student ◽

Medical Students ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Health Care Services ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test

Stress is accepted as the accumulation of unpleasant state of physical, mental and emotion on a person. Medical education has been known as one of the most stressful academic curriculum. Hence, medical students may subjected to multiple psychological changes and challenges throughout the years of medical education. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of stress and its associated factors among medical students. This cross sectional study was conducted from April to May 2018 in medical school in Sabah. It involved 396 medical students through universal sampling. Self-administered questionnaires were used as an instrument for data collection. The questionnaires included were Sociodemographic Questionnaire, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales 21 (DASS-21) and Medical Student Stressors Questionnaire (MSSQ). Bivariate analysis (Chi Square test, Fisher’s Exact Test, Independent T test and Man-Whitney U test) were used to analyse the association. The response rate was 90.2%. The prevalence of stress among medical students were 33.3%. Significant associated factors include financial support inadequacy (p=0.010) and all categories of medical student stressors. The mean score of the academic related stressors was found to be at 2.117 (±0.758) which was the highest mean score among medical student stressors assessed by MSSQ. The result of this study can be used as a basis for implementation of preventive measures such as provision of comprehensive, integrated and responsive mental health care services in university-based settings.

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Hubungan kadar Pb dalam darah dengan prestasi belajar pada anak sekolah di SDN Grinting 01 Kecamatan Bulakamba Kabupaten Brebes

JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN INDONESIA ◽

10.14710/jkli.15.2.35-41 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 35

Author(s):

M ROMLI

Keyword(s):

Elementary School ◽

Blood Lead Level ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Lead Level ◽

Blood Lead ◽

Observational Research ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Learning Achievement

Title : Association between Blood Lead Level and Learning Achievement on the Students at Grinting 01 Elementary School, Bulakamba District, Brebes RegencyBackground: Plumbum (Pb) is a highly poisonous heavy metal, especially for the children. Pb enters the human body through the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract, and also skin. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between blood lead level and the learning achievement on the students in Grinting 01 Elementary School, Bulakamba District, Brebes Regency. Methods: This study was an observational research using cross sectional design. The subjects were 51 students. The data were collected using interview and observational field. The exposure of blood lead level was measured by detecting Pb content in blood according to the result of laboratory test by ASS method (Atomic absorbance spectrometer), and the learning achievement was measured using MST (Middle Semester Test) score of the students. Univariate analysis and bivariate analysis (Chi-Square) were used to analyze the data. Results: The result of bivariate test indicated that there was no correlation between blood lead level and learning achievement with p >0.05. For in the ehole samples, the blood lead level were more than Normal standard of CDC (≥5 µg/dL) with the highest Pb in blood is 48.39 µg/dL and the lowest is 11.06 µg/dL. Conclusion: In conclusion, Pb concentration - in blood on the children does not influence the learning achievement directly.

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