scholarly journals Household Sanitation as a Diarrhea Driving Factor of Under-Five Children in Bojonegoro Regency

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Taufik Imadudin ◽  
Zida Husnina ◽  
Retno Adriyani

Introduction: Diarrhea incidence in children under five increases by 11% in Indonesia during 2013 - 2018 that could be driven by poor environmental sanitation. This study examined the relationship between environmental sanitation with diarrhea incidence in children under five. Methods: This study was an observational study with a cross-sectional design and used a total sampling technique of 81 underfive children. Primary data were collected by conducting interviews with parents using a structured questionnaire guideline and observation, including the source of drinking water, availability of healthy latrine, floor condition, and lighting. A Chi-square test (α = 0.05) was conducted to analyse the relationship between variables. Results and Discussion: There was a significant correlation between household sanitation and diarrhea incidence in under-five children (p = 0.040; PR = 1.202 [95% CI 0.987 – 1.463]). Conclusion: Poor household sanitation can be a driving factor in diarrhea incidence in under-five children, where households categorised as good sanitation have 1.2 times lower risk than poor sanitation

IKESMA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Shintia Yunita Arini ◽  
Nala Astari Pramesti ◽  
Dian Prasasti ◽  
Isas Awwalina

Diarrhea in children under five based on diagnosis and symptom occurred in 18.5% of children in 2018 and 12.3% of children in 2013, indicating an increase. According to the health profile of Bojonegoro Regency of 2018, out of 33,667 diarrhea cases reported, 31,010 or 92.11% of them were treated. This study aims to analyze the relationship between handwashing practice, use of latrine and SPAL (sewerage) with diarrhea incidents in Bojonegoro Incidents. This study used observational study design with cross-sectional approach. Samples in this study were 63 toddlers spread across 4 villages taken using proportional random sampling technique. The collection of primary data was performed by interviewing and observing mothers that had toddlers. Chi square test method was used to determine the relationship between variables examined, where diarrhea occurred in children under five if p < α (α margin of error = 0.05). The results of the study conducted from December 27, 2019 to January 31, 2020 showed that there was a significant relationship between handwashing habit and diarrhea incidents in toddlers, with p=0.000. There was no significant relationship between latrine condition and diarrhea in toddlers, with p=0.808. Furthermore, there was no significant relationship between SPAL condition and diarrhea incidents in toddlers, with p=0.085. There was a significant relationship between handwashing habits in mothers that had children under two with diarrhea incidents.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Lubis ◽  
Dwi Rita Anggraini

Diarrhea is a symptom of infection in the intestinal tract with the second death rate in the world in children under five years of age. Risk factors for the incidence of diarrhea in children under five are host factors that increase susceptibility to diarrhea, not giving exclusive breastfeeding (ASI), not giving breastfeeding for 2 years, malnutrition, measles and immunodeficiency. Breastfeeding (ASI) contains the best nutrients that match the needs of the baby and exclusive breastfeeding is carried out from birth to the first six months without any additional food or drink. Several studies have shown that the immunity content of breastfeeding is able to coat the gastrointestinal mucosa and protect the digestive tract from incoming pathogens. The aim of this study is to find out the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of diarrhea in children aged 6-24 months at Puskesmas Aek Parombunan, Sibolga Selatan in 2019. The research design used was observational analytic cross-sectional with the criteria for the research sample of toddlers aged 6-24 months. The sampling technique in this study used total sampling. The research instrument was a medical record and data analysis used the chi-square test. Based on the results of the study, there was a relation between exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of diarrhea.


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Kasman Kasman ◽  
Nuning Irnawulan Ishak

ABSTRAKSetiap anak mengalami episode serangan diare rata-rata 3,3 kali setiap tahun. Lebih kurang 80% kematian terjadi pada anak berusia kurang dari dua tahun. Penyakit diare merupakan salah satu penyakit yang banyak terjadi di Kota Banjarmasin. Penyebabnya diduga karena Kondisi sanitasi lingkungan yang tidak baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penggunaan jamban terhadap kejadian diare pada anak balita di Kota Banjarmasin. Rancangan penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh anak balita yang ada di Kota Banjarmasin sebanyak 54.746 balita. Teknik penarikan sampel secara multistage sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 188 balita. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada Bulan Juni sampai Agustus 2018 dengan wawancara langsung pada responden menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik Chi Square. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 22,9% anak balita yang menderita diare. Sebagian besar (97,9%) responden telah memiliki Jamban dengan jenis jamban menggunakan tangki septic 94,6%. Terdapat 19% jamban dengan kondisi yang tidak baik. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara kepemilikan jamban (p-value=0,038) dan kondisi jamban (p-value =0,000) terhadap kejadian Diare pada Balita di Kota Banjarmasin. Diharapkan kepada masyarakat untuk memperhatikan kebersihan jamban.Kata-kata kunci : Diare, Balita, Penyakit infeksi, JambanABSTRACTEach child experiences episodes of diarrhea attack an average of 3.3 times each year. Approximately 80% of deaths occur in children aged less than two years. Diarrhea is one of the many diseases that occur in Banjarmasin. The cause is thought to be due to poor environmental sanitation. This study aims to analyze the use of latrines on the incidence of diarrhea in under-five children in Banjarmasin. The design of this study used a cross-sectional design. The study population was all toddlers in Banjarmasin of 54,746 toddlers. The sampling technique was multistage sampling with a total sample of 188 toddlers. Data collection was conducted from June to August 2018 with an interview with the respondent directly using a questionnaire. Data analysis using Chi-Square statistical tests. The results of this study indicate that there were 22.9% of children under five suffering from diarrhea. Most (97.9%) of respondents have had latrines in the type of latrine using a 94.6% septic tank. There is a significant relationship between latrine ownership (p-value= 0.038) and latrine condition (p-value= 0,000) to the incidence of diarrhea in children under five in Banjarmasin City. It is expected the public to pay attention to hygiene latrine.Keywords: Diarrhea, under-five children, infectious diseases, latrines


Author(s):  
Fitri Nur Ainy ◽  
Tantut Susanto ◽  
Latifa Aini Susumaningrum

Background & Aim: Unhealthy environmental sanitation contributes to stunting among under-five children that correlated several factors, such as the house components, sanitation facilities, and behavior of poor food sanitation hygiene. This study aims to identify the relationship between family and stunting's environmental sanitation among under-five children in the Public Health Center in Indonesia. Methods & Materials: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 393 families with under-five children in the public health center of Panti of Jember district, East Java of Indonesia, using consecutive sampling from December 2019 to January 2020. A selfadministered questionnaire was used to measure participants’ characteristics and environmental sanitation. A Chi-square test was used to analyze the data. Results: Among 67.2% of families were unhealthy environmental sanitation. Meanwhile, children who suffer from stunting were 56.2%. There was a significant correlation between environmental sanitation of family and stunting among under-five children (χ2=38,440; p <0,001), The environmental sanitation of family had 0.254 times for a chance of stunting among under-five children (OR= 0.254; 95% CI= 0.163-0.397). Conclusions: The family’s unhealthy environmental sanitation of family is a relationship with stunting among under-five children. Improving healthy environmental sanitation should be maintained by involving the family to fulfill under-five children’s nutrition requirement based on height for age.


2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
Cahaya Asdhany ◽  
Apoina Kartini

ABSTRACTBackground: Children under five years of age are included  in group of nutrition’s susceptible. They are on growth and development cycle which need a huge nutrient. The aim of this study is to understand the relationship between mother’s participation levels in posyandu and nutritional status of children under five years of age.Method: Study of analitical observation with cross sectional was used. Subject was a mother in Cangkiran, having children aged between 12-59 month. Subject was taken with proportional stratified random sampling technique. Mother’s participation in posyandu was taken from health care staff’s data, protein and energy intake were taken from food recall 3x24 hours, and nutritional status of children under five years of age was compared with Z-score of WHO 2005. Data was analyzed using Rank-Spearman and partial correlation used SPSS for Windows 19.0 software.Result: Approximately 56,4% of subjects have active participation’s levels in posyandu. Much of the children under five years of age from those have 80,6% good nutritional status (WAZ), 67,7% normal (WHZ), 61,3% normal (HAZ), and 61,3% normal (BMIAZ). There is a relationship mother’s participation levels in posyandu with nutritional status children under five years of age based on WAZ            (p = 0,030 ;  r = 0,651) but not for WHZ (p = 0,998 ;  r = 0,000), HAZ (p = 0,163 ; r = 0,191), and BMIAZ (p = 0,689 ; r = -0,055). This realtionship is also controlled by sufficient levels of energy             (p = 0,047 ;  r = 0,639) and protein (p = 0,003 ; r = 0,823).Conclusion: Increased participation levels of  mother’s in posyandu enhances nutritional status of children under five years of age (based on WAZ). This case is also influenced by sufficient levels of energy and protein.Keyword: mother’s participation levels, posyandu, nutritional status, children under five years of age


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Kasman Kasman ◽  
Nuning Irnawulan Ishak

ABSTRAK Setiap anak mengalami episode serangan diare rata-rata 3,3 kali setiap tahun. Lebih kurang 80% kematian terjadi pada anak berusia kurang dari dua tahun. Penyakit diare merupakan salah satu penyakit yang banyak terjadi di Kota Banjarmasin. Penyebabnya diduga karena Kondisi sanitasi lingkungan yang tidak baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penggunaan jamban terhadap kejadian diare pada anak balita di Kota Banjarmasin. Rancangan penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh anak balita yang ada di Kota Banjarmasin sebanyak 54.746 balita. Teknik penarikan sampel secara multistage sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 188 balita. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada Bulan Juni sampai Agustus 2018 dengan wawancara langsung pada responden menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik Chi Square. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 22,9% anak balita yang menderita diare. Sebagian besar (97,9%) responden telah memiliki Jamban dengan jenis jamban menggunakan tangki septik 94,6%. Terdapat 19% jamban dengan kondisi yang tidak baik. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara kepemilikan jamban (p-value=0,038) dan kondisi jamban (p-value=0,000) terhadap kejadian diare pada Balita di Kota Banjarmasin. Diharapkan kepada masyarakat untuk memperhatikan kebersihan jamban. Kata-kata kunci : Diare, anak,  Balita, Penyakit,  infeksi, Jamban.  ABSTRACT Each child experiences episodes of diarrhea attack an average of 3.3 times each year. Approximately 80% of deaths occur in children aged less than two years. Diarrhea is one of the many diseases that occur in Banjarmasin. The cause is thought to be due to poor environmental sanitation. This study aims to analyze the use of latrines on the incidence of diarrhea in under-five children in Banjarmasin. The design of this study used a cross-sectional design. The study population was all toddlers in Banjarmasin of 54,746 toddlers. The sampling technique was multistage sampling with a total sample of 188 toddlers. Data collection was conducted from June to August 2018 with an interview with the respondent directly using a questionnaire. Data analysis using Chi-Square statistical tests. The results of this study indicate that there were 22.9% of children under five suffering from diarrhea. Most (97.9%) of respondents have had latrines in the type of latrine using a 94.6% septic tank. There is a significant relationship between latrine ownership (p-value= 0.038) and latrine condition (p-value=0,000) to the incidence of diarrhea in children under five in Banjarmasin City. It is expected the public to pay attention to hygiene latrine. Keywords: Diarrhea, children, under-five children, infectious, diseases, latrines


2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Ursula Dianita Marut

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 13.05pt .0001pt 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between socio-economic and cultural aspects and undernutrition problem in Kabupaten Manggarai, Nusa Tenggara Timur. This research was designed as cross sectional study with purposive method. This research was conducted in Desa Meler, Kecamatan Ruteng, Kabupaten Manggarai from June to July 2007. Primary data and secondary data were collected in this study. Primary data including family’s socio-economic characteristics, nutritional status, environment sanitation and food consumption using interview questionnaire. Secondary data including food production, prevalence of nutritional status of the children under five, and were collected from some Government’s institutions. Populations of this research were children under five in Desa Meler. Samples consisted of 80 children and were classified into two groups, a total of 48 classified as undernutrition group and the rest of them belong to normal group. Result shows that the prevalence of undernutrition of children under five in Manggarai year 2005 is 22,75 % and have decreased in 2006 become 19,24 %. Poverty is one of the causal factors of this undernutrition problem in Manggarai.</span></p>


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 736-746
Author(s):  
Meinarisa Meinarisa ◽  
Mefrie Puspita ◽  
Jelori Jalal

ABSTRACT: THE RELATIONSHIP OF KNOWLEDGE, MATERNAL BEHAVIOR, AND AGE OF THECHILD TO THE INCIDENCE OF DIAPER FEVER IN CHILDREN UNDER FIVE IN JAMBI CITY Background Toddlers have extensive problems especially with the sjon. Toddlers susceptible to diaper rush to the use of disposible diapers and no treatmenr done by mothers using disposible diapers, mothers just let it go and not given medication becuase of a lack of maternal knwoledge and behavior that is wrong with diaper rush. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of knowledge, mother's behavior and age of children to the incidence of diaper rush in children under five at Posyandu Kota Baru Indah Jambi City in 2019.Method : This research method is descriptive quantitative using a cross sectional study design. This research was conductet on june 2019. Puposive sampling technique with a population of 148 toddlers. Respondent in this study were mothers who has children under five who used disposible diapers in teh work area posyandu kota baru indah with amounted to 60 respondent. Data collection methods using a questionnaire. Univariate and bivariate data analysis, statistical test using the chi square test.Result : The study found that there was a significant relationship between maternal behavior with the occurrance of diaper rush in children under five with a p-value 0,002. The results of the study found that respondents who had poor knowledge were 34 respondents (56,7%) children, respondents with bad behavior as many as 13 respondents (55,0%), and description of the age of the child against the occurence of diaper rush is the age between 0-1 years 24 (40%) children, 2-3 years 19 (32%) children, ages between 4-5 years 17 (28) childrenConclution : Mother's knowledge and behavior related to diaper rush events in children under five and age are not related to diaper rush events in children under five in Posyandu Kota Baru Indah Kota Jambi.  Keywords     : Knowledge, Mother's Behavior, Diaper Rush, age of the child.     INTISARI: HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN, PERILAKU IBU DAN USIA ANAK TERHADAPKEJADIAN DIAPER RUSH PADA ANAK BALITA DI KOTA JAMBI Latar Belakang : Balita memiliki masalah yang luas terutama pada kulit. Balita rentan terkena Diaper Rush akibat penggunaan disposible diaper dan tidak adanya perawatan yang dilakukan ibu saat menggunakan disposible diaper, ibu hanya membiarkannya saja dan tidak diberi obat karena kurangnya pengetahuan dan prilaku ibu yang salah terhadap kejadian diaper rush Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan, perilaku ibu dan usia anak terhadap kejadian diaper rush pada anak balita di Posyandu Kota Baru Indah Kota Jambi Tahun 2019Metode : Metode penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kuantitatif menggunakan desain studi cross sectional. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tanggal 3 Juni 2019. Teknik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling dengan jumlah populasi 148 Balita. Responden pada penelitian ini adalah ibu yang memiliki anak balita yang menggunakan diaper disposibel diwilayah kerja posyandu Kota Baru Indah yang berjumlah 60 responden. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Analisa data univariat dan bivariat, uji statistik menggunakan uji Chi square.Hasil : Penelitian didapatkan bahwa ada hubungan yang siginifikan antara prilaku ibu  dengan kejadian Diaper rush  pada anak balita dengan nilai p-value  0.002. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa responden yang memiliki pengetahuan kurang baik sebanyak 34 responden (56%,7%). Responden dengan prilaku kurang baik sebanyak 33 responden (55%), dan gambaran usia anak terhadap kejadian diaper rush adalah anak usia antara 0-1 tahun 24 (40%) orang anak, usia 2-3 tahun 19 (32%) orang anak, usia antara 4-5 tahun 17 (28%) orang anak.Kesimpulan : Pengetahuan dan perilaku ibu berhubungan dengan kejadian diaper rush pada anak balita dan umur tidak berhubungan dengan kejadian diaper rush pada anak balita di Posyandu Kota Baru Indah Kota Jambi   Kata Kunci    : Pengetahuan, Perilaku Ibu, Diaper Rush, usia anak


2018 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 04013
Author(s):  
Masagus M. Hakim ◽  
Irfanuddin ◽  
Hermansyah ◽  
Novrikasari

UNICEF in 2013 reported more than 400 children die everyday. The prevalence of diarrhea occurs more in developing countries. Children under the age of five experience an average of 1.6 to 2.3 episodes of diarrhea per year. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of diarrhea based on knowledge and environmental sanitation in Tanjung Lago wetland area. This study used cross sectional design with quantitative approach. The sampling technique was simple random sampling with mapping. The sample was 145 housewives with children under five. It used univariate and bivariate analysis. The prevalence of diarrhea in Tanjung Lago was 13.8%. Only a portion of the respondents knew what diarrhea was (53.1%) and the cause of diarrhea (53.8%). The majority of respondents used river water as a source of clean water (91.0%) and refill water as a source of drinking water (98.6%). Most of respondents who have latrines were only less than 10m from daily sources of clean water (91.7%). There is no relationship between knowledge. quality of clean water and availability of latrines with the incidence of diarrhea on children under five. It is important to communicate. inform and educate the public about the environment that can be a medium for diarrhea transmission and the quality of clean water.


2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-50
Author(s):  
Nurul Khairani ◽  
Buyung Keraman ◽  
Nina Purnama Sari

Education, Nutritional  Status,  and  4-5  Years  Children  Development  in   Hang Tuah  Kindergarten  BengkuluABSTRAKPerkembangan  balita  sangat  menentukan  kualitas  sumber daya manusia (SDM) pada usia dewasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari hubungan pendidikan ibu dan status gizi balita dengan perkembangan balita usia 4-5 tahun                  di PAUD Hang Tuah Kota Bengkulu. Jenis Penelitian ini adalah Survei Analitik dengan desain Cross Sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu yang memiliki balita usia 4-5 tahun di PAUD Hang Tuah Kota Bengkulu bulan Juli  tahun 2017 sebanyak 30 orang ibu  balita. Jumlah  sampel  sebesar 30 orang ibu balita. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah Total Sampling. Teknik Pengumpulan data menggunakan data primer dan  skunder. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji statistik Chi-Square (χ2). Untuk mengetahui keeratan hubungan digunakan uji statistik Contingency Coefficient (C). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa  dari 30 ibu balita, terdapat 16 ibu balita (53,3%) berpendidikan dasar, 20 ibu balita (66,7%) memiliki balita dengan status gizi baik, 25 ibu balita (83,3%) memiliki balita dengan perkembangan baik, dan  tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pendidikan ibu dan status gizi balita  dengan perkembangan balita usia 4-5 tahun di PAUD Hang Tuah  Kota Bengkulu. Disarankan kepada pihak PAUD untuk dapat meningkatkan  pemantauan  terhadap  tumbuh  kembang  balita di institusinya.  Kata Kunci :  balita,  pendidikan, perkembangan,  status giziABSTRACTThe  development  of  children  under five  greatly determines the quality of human resources (HR) in adulthood. This study aimed to study the relationship between mother education and nutritional status of children under five years of age 4-5 years in Hang Tuah Kindergarten Bengkulu. This Research Type was Analytical  Survey with Cross Sectional design. The population in  this study was all mothers who had children aged 4-5 years in  Hang Tuah Kindergarten Bengkulu in  July 2017 as many as 30 mothers  of children under five.                         The number of  samples was 30 mothers of children under five. Sampling technique used was Total Sampling. Technique of data collection used primary and secondary data. The data analysis technique used Chi-Square (χ2) statistical test. To know the closeness of the relationship was used statistical test  Contingency Coefficient (C). The results showed that from 30 mothers of  children  under-five, there were 16  mothers  of  children  under five (53.3%) with basic education, 20 mothers  of  children under-five (66.7%) had a children under five with good nutritional status, 25 mothers of children under five (83.3%) had children under five with good development, and no significant relationship between maternal education and nutritional status of  children under five  with  the development of  children under five aged 4-5 years in PAUD Hang Tuah Bengkulu. It was suggested to Kindergarten to improve monitoring on children under five growth  in  it’s institute. Keywords : children under five, development, education, nutritional status


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