scholarly journals Identification and Heme Polymerization Inhibition Activity (HPIA) Assay of Ethanolic Extract and Fraction of Temu Mangga (Curcuma mangga Val.) Rhizome

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-72
Author(s):  
Dhina Fitriastuti ◽  
Tatang Shabur Julianto ◽  
Annisa Wahyu Nur Iman
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Vacuum Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Better Than

Curcuma mangga Val. is one of Indonesian herbs from Zingiberaceae family that is under explored and could contain potentially active substances to serve as an antimalarial. This research intends not only to examine the antimalarial activity by means of heme polymerization inhibitor mechanism by using the ethanolic extract and fraction of Curcuma mangga Val. but also to identify its compound classification. The extract of temu manga was obtained by Soxhlet extraction method using ethanol solvent followed by fractionation using Vacuum Liquid Chromatography with solvent sequence n-hexane, n-hexane: ethyl acetate (2:1), ethyl acetate and ethanol. The extract and fraction were analyzed by using LC-MS and GC-MS. Activities of hem polymerization inhibition showed by IC50 values which were obtained from analysis of relationship between concentration sample and the percentage of inhibition using the PROBIT on statistical software. The result of HPIA assay shows that the IC50 value of ethanolic extract and ethanolic fraction of Curcuma mangga Val. rhizome are 2.273 and 1.479 mg/mL, respectively. It clearly shows that the heme polymerization inhibition activity of ethanolic fraction relatively better than that of ethanolic extract. Phytochemical screening determines the ethanolic extract contains saponin, terpenoid, and phenol while the ethanolic fraction contains terpenoid. Thus, terpenoid compound is presumed to be the inhibitor of heme polymerization. The results of analysis with LC-MS and GC-MS showed that the active compounds suspected to inhibit heme polymerization in ethanolic extract and fraction were (E) -labda-8 (17), 12-dien-15,16-dial and di-n-octyl phthalate, respectively. Keywords: antimalarial, Curcuma mangga Val., heme polymerization

scholarly journals Antioxidant Potential of Ethanol and Ethyl Acetat Extract of Ganoderma sp. Mycelium

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
Nuniek Ina Ratnaningtyas ◽  
Purnomowati Purnomowati ◽  
Endang Sri Purwati ◽  
Aisyah Tri Septiana ◽  
Nuraeni Ekowati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Complete Medium ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Local Resources ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Better Than

Ganoderma sp. Banyumas 1 isolate that reffered as Ganoderma sp. is a new discovered isolate from Banyumas, Central Java, Indonesia expected to have a potential properties of antioxidant of medicinal mushroom. This study aimed to determine the antioxidant potential and the appropriate solvent for it’s extracting from Ganoderma sp. This research result showed that ethyl acetate was able to extract as many as 15.57%, while etanol was only able to extract 3.87% active compounds from dried 28 days old Ganoderma sp. mycelium cultivated in the Mushroom Complete Medium (MCM). Extract of ethyl acetate (non-polar) extraction of mycelium of Ganoderma sp. had a potential character as an antioxidant source and performed a better result than from ethanolic (polar) extraction as shown in the IC50 value. Extract from ethyl acetate extraction had an average IC50 value smaller than  from ethanolic extract (581.80 < 1285.67). Extract from ethyl acetate extraction resulted in a higher amount of phenol than that ethanolic extract 29.23 < 57.67. Inhibition percentage of both extracts at 65% was known to occur at concentration of 1000 ppm for ethyl acetate extract and 2000 ppm for ethanolic extract. An important finding was that ethyl acetate can be used as appropriate solvent for extracting antioxidant compound better than ethanolic. In conclusion, the mycelium extract of Ganoderma sp. extracted with ethyl acetate and ethanol as solvent is potential to be used as a source of natural antioxidants. This research result has benefit in developing potency of local resources as herbal resources.

BIOPROSPECTING OF MARINE HALOPHYTE SALICORNIA EUROPAEA L. AND EVALUATION OF ITS BIOLOGICAL POTENTIAL WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ANTICANCER ACTIVITY

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (05) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
P Samuel ◽  
◽  
J. Vijaya Kumar ◽  
T Selvarathinam ◽  
R. Deena dhayalan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Salicornia Europaea ◽  
Chemical Screening ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Mcf7 Cell Line ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Promising Source

The study was caried out with the intention to bring out the biological prospective nature of the marine halophyte Salicornia europaea L. The bioactive phytochemicals of the halophyte were extracted. The chemicals in the crude extract were evaluated for cytotoxic activity against MCF7 cell line by MTT assay. The marine halophyte a was collected, washed and chopped into 5cm long parts and shade dried for 20 – 25 days in a dark room. The dehydrated and bleached plant material was subjected to Soxhlet extraction. Two solvents, viz methanol and ethyl acetate, were used to prepare decoction. The extracts were dried using rotary vacuum evaporator. chemical screening by GC-MS unveiled the presence of 32 compounds in ethyl acetate and 29 in methanol. The 3D structures of the phytochemicals were retrieved from Pub Chem. Cytotoxic study showed promising results. The IC50 values of the individual extracts were evaluated and ethyl acetate extract exhibit minimum IC50 value and it was estimated to be 97.9μg/mL wereas methanol extract exhibit a minimum IC50 value of 117.1μg/mL. Hence, the study concludes that S. europaea L. provides a promising source of lead compounds that could be exploited in near future to treat cancer.

Antioxidant Activity, Inhibition α-Glucosidase of Ethanol Extract of Strychnos nitida G. Don and Identification of Active Compounds

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
Stefani Dhale Rale ◽  
Hasim Hasim ◽  
Syamsul Falah
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Activity Inhibition ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

This study aims to find the treatment of diabetes using natural materials by exploring plants in the province of East Nusa Tenggara. his research was conducted out by extracting the Strychnos nitida G.Don stem using a method of maceration by ethanol 70%. Ethanol extract was then fractionated using n-hexane and ethyl acetate. Simplicia from maceration and fractionation results were then tested for antioxidant activity, α-glucosidase inhibition activity and identification of active compounds. The results showed that ethyl acetate fraction had the lowest IC50 value of 86.83 μg / ml. Results of the α-glucosidase activity test showed that ethyl acetate fraction and n-heksan fraction at 900 ppm had the highest percentage of inhibition of 34.23% and 33.89%. Identification using LCMS/MS method showed that ethyl acetate fraction consist of Benzenemethamine, N, N-dioctyl- as an antioxidantcompound and compound 24-methyl-5-cholestone-hexol as an antidiabetic compound. From the results of this study, we concluded that the extract of kayu ular Strychnos nitida G.Don stem has inhibition activity toward α-glucosidase enzyme.

Synthesis and Assessment of Novel Anti-chlamydial Benzylidene Acylhydrazides Derivatives

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofeng Bao ◽  
Ying Xue ◽  
Chao Xia ◽  
Yin Lu ◽  
Ningjing Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Iron Starvation ◽  
Hydrochloride Salt ◽  
Obligate Intracellular ◽  
Biphasic Life Cycle ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Better Than

Background: Chlamydiae, characterized by a unique biphasic life cycle, are a group of Gram-negative obligate intracellular bacterial pathogens responsible for diseases in a range of hosts including humans. Benzylidene acylhydrazide CF0001 could inhibit chlamydiae independent of iron starvation and T3SS inhibition. This finding promoted us to design and synthesize more benzylidene acylhydrazides to find novel anti-chlamydial agents. Methods: The carboxylic acids 1a-1d were coupled with Boc-hydrazide inpresence of EDCI and DMAP to obtain the intermediate 2a-2d in 60-62% yields. N-Boc deprotections were performed to obtain hydrazide hydrochloride salt 3a-3d. Nextly, the hydrazides were subjected to condensation with aldehydes to obtain benzylidene acylhydrazides 4a-4g in 30-52% yields in two steps. Results: Compound 4d exhibited best inhibitory effect on the formation and growth of chlamydial inclusions. The IC50 value of compound 4d for infectious progenies was 3.55 µM, better than 7.30 µM of CF0001. Conclusion: To find novel anti-chlamydial agents, we have designed and synthesized benzylidene acylhydrazides 4a-4g. Compounds 4a, 4d, 4g showed inhibitory activity on C. muridarum with the IC50 values from 3.55-12 µM. The 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyl substitutes on ring B are critical to keep their anti-chlamydial activity. Compound 4d inhibited C. muridarum in a dose-dependent manner without apparent cytotoxicity.

Antimalaria Activity of Cassia spectabilis DC Leaf and Its Inhibition Effect in Heme Detoxification

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiwied - Ekasari ◽  
Dewi Resty Basuki ◽  
Heny - Arwati ◽  
Tutik Sri Wahy
Keyword(s):  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Cassia Spectabilis ◽  
In Vivo Testing ◽  
Chloroquine Diphosphate ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Background In previous studies, Cassia spectabilis DC leaf has shown a good antimalarial activity. Therefore, this study is a follow-up study of leaf activity and mechanism of C. spectabilis DC as an antimalarial. Methods In vitro antimalarial activity testing using P. falciparum which was done with bioassay guide isolation in order to obtain the active compound. In vivo testing towards infected P. berghei mice was conducted to determine the effects of antimalarial prophylaxis and antimalarial activity in combination with artesunate. Whereas, heme detoxification inhibition testing as one of the antimalarial mechanisms was carried out using the Basilico method. Results The results showed that active antimalarial isolate obtained from C. spectabilis DC leaf had a structural pattern that was identical to (-)-7-hydroxyspectaline. Prophylactic test on infected P. berghei mice obtained the highest dose of inhibition percentage of 90% ethanol extract of C. spectabilis DC leaf was 68.61% while positive (doxycycline) control at 100 mg kg-1 was 73.54%. In antimalarial testing in combination with artesunate, it was found that administering 150 mg kg-1 (three times a day) of C. spectabilis DC (D0 − D2) + artesunate (D2) was better than the standard combination of amodiaquine + artesunate with 99.18% and 92.88% inhibition percentage. For the inhibitory activity of heme detoxification from ethanol extract 90%, C. spectabilis DC leaf had IC50 value of 0.375 mg mL-1 which was better than chloroquine diphosphate. Conclusion These results showed that C. spectabilis DC leaves possesses potent antimalarial activity and may offer a potential agent for effective and affordable antimalarial phytomedicine.

scholarly journals Ethanolic extract of gabirobeira (Campomanesia adamantium) leaves reduces proliferation of osteosarcoma cells in vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e52783
Author(s):  
Nara Cristina Silva ◽  
Leandro Lopes Nepomuceno ◽  
Nayane Peixoto Soares ◽  
Vanessa de Souza Vieira ◽  
Vanessa de Sousa Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Metastatic Potential ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Osteosarcoma Cells ◽  
Trypan Blue Exclusion ◽  
Trypan Blue Exclusion Method ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Ic50 Values

Osteosarcoma is the most commonly diagnosed malignant bone tumor in humans, with a higher incidence in children and young people. It is highly aggressive and has a high metastatic potential. Its treatment is based on both chemotherapy and surgical intervention. However, currently used chemotherapeutic agents, such as doxorubicin, have several adverse effects on the patient. Therefore, there is a growing demand for new chemotherapeutic agents that stimulate new researches, such as those involving compounds extracted from plants, such as the gabirobeira. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of ethanolic extract, both crude and ethyl acetate, of gabirobeira leaves on osteosarcoma cells in vitro. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using the Trypan blue exclusion method and the IC50 values were calculated using the tetrazolium reduction method. The ethanolic extract of gabirobeira leaves showed a cytotoxic effect on osteosarcoma cells in vitro. The group treated with the crude extract at 1. 0μL mL-1 concentration for 48 hours showed higher cytotoxicity and the lowest IC50 value for this extract was found in the 24 to 48 hours interval. The ethanolic extract of gabirobeira leaves is cytotoxic for osteosarcoma cells.

Assesment Of Antioxidant Activity Test Of KERSEN Leaf (Muntingia calabura L.) And Epiphyte with DPPH (2.2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhidrazyl)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
Nurlutfiyyah Aini ◽  
Fatmawati ◽  
Nita Parisa
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Free Radical Activity ◽  
Muntingia Calabura

Antioxidant is very important to give protection against free radical activity and highlyreactive molecules that could lead in slowing the progression of degenerative disease.In case of degenerative disease, internal antioxidant cannot neutralize the increasingconcentration of free radical. Because of that, human needs external antioxidant.Kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) is a plant that is known for its antioxidant content.Plants containing antioxidant experience is kersen (Muntingia calabura L.). Researchstudy to determine the antioxidant activity of Kersen plant and knows the differenceof antioxidant activity, based on the process of extract and infusion. Research wasdone by experimental study which was oriented in testing antioxidant activity in(Morinda citrifolia L.) extract and infusion. Extraction was done by using 96% ethanolas solvent, meanwhile infusion was made by using aquadest. Extract and infusionwas divided into group of concentration and antioxidant activity was tested byDPPH(2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhidrazyl) method by measuring the absorbance usingspectrophotometer at 520 nm wavelength. Percentage of DPPH inhibition and IC50then analyzed using linear regression analysis. Ethanolic extract of kersen leaf andepiphyte had IC50 value of 113,801 ppm and 98,7802 ppm, respectively. Kersen leafinfusion showed 191,7624 ppm IC50 values, besides its epiphyte had 131,6750 ppm.Antioxidant activity of Muntingia calabura L. in the order from kersen leaf anepiphyte, and epiphyte extract has a higher antioxidant content than others.

AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN FLAVONOID EKSTRAK BIJI KURMA

EKOLOGIA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Siti Warnasih ◽  
Diana Widiastuti ◽  
Uswatun Hasanah ◽  
Laksmi Ambarsari ◽  
Purwantiningsih Sugita
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Fruit Processing

Date seeds are waste from palm fruit processing that has not been utilized optimally. Date seeds contain flavonoids which are known to act as antioxidants. The aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity and flavonoid of methanol extract which was carried out by soxhletation and its fractionation results. Date seeds are made into simplicia, soxhlet extraction with methanol, then the methanol extract is fractionated in stages by liquid-liquid partition with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol. Each fraction and extract was determined by its antioxidant activity with the DPPH method and its flavonoid was determined by spectrophotometry. Ethyl acetate fraction has the strongest antioxidant activity with the lowest IC50 value, that is equal to 5.74 ± 0.05μg/mL, followed by methanol extract of 9.55±0.53 μg/mL, n-butanol fraction 19.73±0,58 μg/mL, and n-hexane fraction of 289.59±10.52 μg/mL, while the IC50 value for vitamin C as a positive control was 4.29±0.74 μg/mL. The highest flavonoids were produced from ethyl acetate fractions which amounted to 1484.33 ± 161.47 mg Quercetin Equivalent (QE) / 100 g, followed respectively by methanol extract of 282.84±13.72 mg QE/100 g.

Antiplasmodial activity of faloak bark (Sterculia quadrifida, R.Br.) extract from East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priska Ernestina Tenda ◽  
Maria Hilaria ◽  
Arba Pramundita Ramadani
Keyword(s):  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antiplasmodial Activity ◽  
Current Development ◽  
Antimalarial Drug Resistance ◽  
Falciparum Strain ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Endemic Medicinal Plant ◽  
The Relationship

The current development of antimalarial drug resistance encourages researchers to discover  and develop novel antimalarials. One of its alternatives for antimalarial discovery is using medicinal plants remembering the success of artemisinin. Sterculia quardrifida R. Br. bark, locally name as faloak, is an endemic medicinal plant from East Nusa Tenggara that has been used traditionally to treat malaria. However, its antimalarial activity has not been investigated, yet. This study was aimed to evaluate the antiplasmodial activity of ethanolic extract of faloak bark against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro. Using FCR-3 P. falciparum strain, the ethanolic extract was evaluated on various concentration (1, 10, 50, and 100 μg/mL, respectively). The IC50 value was determined by the relationship between concentration and percentage of growth inhibition. The result showed that the percentage of inhibition of P. falciparum was concentration dependent, higher concentration resulting on higher percentage of inhibition with the IC50 42.399 ± 9.517 μg/mL. It can be concluded that the ethanolic extract of faloak bark have moderate antiplasmodial activity against P. falciparum in vitro.

scholarly journals CYTOTOXIC EFFECT FROM ETHYL ACETATE-METHANOL SUBFRACTION OF CARRISA CARANDAS L TOWARD HELA CELLS BY IN VITRO TEST

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Mamik P. Rahayu ◽  
Reslely Harjanti ◽  
Mae S. H. Wahyuningsih ◽  
Supargiyono .
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Colorless Crystal ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Chloroform Fraction ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Preventive Effect ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Vitro Test

Objective: Cervical cancer is a malignant type of cancer, often affects women, particularly in developing countries. Carrisa carandas leaves contained many secondary metabolites that had potency as an anticancer. The purpose of this study was to understand the cytotoxic effect of subfraction of Carrisa carandas leaves against HeLa cells.Methods: Chloroform fraction was separated by VLC gradually with n-hexane–chloroform–ethyl acetate and methanol. The same profiles from eluent chloroform–ethyl acetate composed fraction 18-26 were categorized as Fr4 and ethyl acetate-methanol composed fraction 27-30 as Fr5. The cytotoxic effect was evaluated by MTT assay on HeLa cellsResults: The result showed that the cytotoxic effect of subfraction Fr4 and Fr5 had IC50 values of 177 mg/ml and 98 mg/ml, respectively. Colorless crystal of Subfraction Fr 5-3 had IC50 value of 333 mg/ml. Subfraction Fr 5 showed effective cytotoxic activity than the others. Conclusion: It had chemo-preventive effect against cancer cellsConclusion: This study applied MTT (Microculture Tetrazolium) method by in vitro test. The advantages of this method are relatively rapid, sensitive and accurate

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