scholarly journals The use of the phosphor of phosphogypsum as a filler for fluorescent polymers

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-224
Author(s):  
R. P. Medvedev ◽  
Y. S. Podkovyrina ◽  
A. A. Skorynina
Keyword(s):  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Consumer Goods ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Metal Sulfides ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Fluorescent Polymers ◽  
Cis Countries ◽  
Epoxy Matrices ◽  
Phosphogypsum Waste

In modern Russia and the CIS countries, phosphogypsum waste is an urgent environmental problem. This product is obtained in the production of phosphoric acid and is a large tonnage of low-recyclable waste. According to open sources, it is processed 20 times less than it is produced. Attempts to use it in cement production, in construction, in agricultural purposes do not lead to a cardinal fracture and it is still accumulating. In this regard, the topic of processing and use of phosphogypsum is an urgent topic. In the modern world there is a demand for bright luminescent colors, paints, consumer goods. An analysis of the literature showed that phosphors can be made from various chemicals, including metal sulfides. The purpose of the work is to study the possibility of obtaining a phosphor from phosphogypsum and its use as a filler-pigment for polymer products. The phosphor was obtained from phosphogypsum by the reduction of phosphogypsum with an organic substance. This phosphor was studied in polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene and other polymer matrices. It is shown to be compatible with polyolefins, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, nitrocellulose matrices; not compatible with epoxy matrices. It is shown that at the melting temperature of polymers this phosphor does not decompose, does not lose its properties. As a result of the work, conclusions were drawn about the possibility of obtaining a cheap phosphor filler, which is compatible with many industrial polymers. This phosphor can be used in toys, in the manufacture of special luminescent paint and consumer goods..

scholarly journals Quartz bentonite sandmix in sand-lime products

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 367-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Komisarczyk ◽  
Przemyław Czapik ◽  
Kamila Komisarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Quartz Sand ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Waste Utilization ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractThe challenge related to waste management has become a serious worldwide environmental problem. Highly sustainable solutions, which do not involve reworking the material and are based on waste utilization, are sought. Such waste as used casting compounds, which so far has been used, among others, in construction, road construction, mining and cement production. Descriptions of the use of various waste moulding compounds, such as waste quartz compounds with water glass, quartz chamotte and quartz bentonite can be found in the literature. Due to the high content of quartz and low toxicity of bentonite sandmix, an attempt was done to use them for the production of sand-lime products.The aim of this article is to determine the suitability of the waste material as a substitute for quartz sand in the production of sand-lime products. The usability of waste was determined by laboratory tests of physicochemical characteristics of the finished silicates. Sand, which is a carrier of silica, was replaced with used moulding compounds with fractions up to 0.5 mm, in the weight amounts of 5.5, 11 and 16.5%. Applying up to 11% of used casting materials as a substitute for quartz sand with a lime content of 5.5% in the raw material mixture has a clearly positive effect on compressive strength. However, the higher share of sand substitution in the mixture weakens the mechanical features of the obtained materials. The absorptivity of the finished products increases with the increase of the inserted additions’ amounts. The influence of significant amounts of casting compound additives on the microstructure of calcium-silicate products was studied as well. It was stated, that they affect the location of the tobermorite in the volume of the autoclaved material.

scholarly journals Christian-orthodox view of the world and environmental problem

Sabornost ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
Ignatije Midić
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The World ◽  
Orthodox View ◽  
Entire Planet ◽  
Ecological Catastrophe ◽  
The Way

Pollution of environment and the irreversible destruction of nature has become the way of life of the modern world. The consequences of that are obviously tragic for human life and for the survival of the entire planet Earth. This article has an aim to answer the question: what can the Orthodox Church do to stop this problem, if it cannot regain what has already been lost? To answer this question, the author first analyzes the causes of the ecological catastrophe, and then offers a theological answer to the posed problem.

A Review and Technology Analysis of Rolling Channel Sections in Rolling Mills in the CIS

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 8-19
Author(s):  
Serhiy Yershov ◽  
Serhiy Mel’nik ◽  
Еkaterina Kravchenko
Keyword(s):  
Product Quality ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Improve Product Quality ◽  
Roll Design ◽  
Manufacturing Costs ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
Rolling Mills ◽  
Cis Countries ◽  
Iron And Steel Works

Requirements for the quality of finished products is continuously increasing. It adducts to improve existing and develop of new schemes roll design. This paper contains the analysis of technological schemes for rolling channels, which are used in the CIS countries. Were described different ways of rolling channels and design features roughing and finishing passes. The authors were compared schemes of UPN-shaped profiles’ rolling on different Iron and Steel Works. The article describes methods for improving the roll design, proposed and implemented by domestic developers. These methods are based on the gained experiences of flange profiles’ rolling and developments of the modern world. It makes possible to reduce manufacturing costs and improve product quality of the channels.

Rare Earth Elements Recovery and Sulphate Removal from Phosphogypsum Waste Waters with Sulphate Reducing Bacteria

2017 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 573-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarno Mäkinen ◽  
Malin Bomberg ◽  
Marja Salo ◽  
Mona Arnold ◽  
Pertti Koukkari
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Sulphate Reduction ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Seepage Water ◽  
Sulphate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Phosphogypsum Waste

Phosphogypsum waste, originating from phosphoric acid production from apatite ores, is well known for its high production rate and possible release of sulphate-rich seepage waters. In addition to negative environmental impacts, phosphogypsum waste heaps are also remarkable secondary sources of Rare Earth Elements (REE); in the phosphoric acid production process a majority of REE, occurring in apatite, are precipitated to the phosphogypsum waste. Therefore, a method treating both sulphate-rich waters and recovering REE from phosphogypsum heaps and seepage waters would offer both economic and environmental benefits. In this ongoing study, seepage waters from a phosphogypsum heap are treated with Sulphate Reducing Bacteria (SRB) and ethanol as a substrate. Sulphate is first reduced to hydrogen sulphide, which then precipitates REE as sulphides. The main challenge, low concentration of REE in seepage waters (e.g. 2.87 μg/l La, 5.13 μg/l Ce, 0.67 μg/l Y and 3.32 μg/l Nd), is overcome by utilizing continuous mode, semi-passive and cost effective column apparatus, requiring no agitation and performing both sulphate reduction and REE recovery in a single reactor. The SRB method results in a sulphate reduction rate of 40-80 % (from app. 1400 mg/l to 276-844 mg/l sulphate in the effluent) and efficient REE recovery from seepage water. The concentrate obtained from the column consists of a mixture of anaerobic sludge and precipitated REE, with respective REE concentrations of 202 mg/kg La, 477 mg/kg Ce, 49 mg/kg Y and 295 mg/kg Nd.

THE POTENTIAL OF EDUCATIONAL MIGRATION FROM CHINA, VIETNAM AND JAPAN IN THE CONTEXT OF SOLVING THE DEMOGRAPHIC AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROBLEMS OF RUSSIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-30
Author(s):  
Marina N. Khramova ◽  
◽  
Maria A. Shipilova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Students ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Modern World ◽  
National Education ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Educational Migration ◽  
Cis Countries ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Russian Universities

In the modern world, educational migration is gaining in scale, and the list of countries attractive to foreign youth is also expanding. Leading universities, included in various rankings, implement many educational programs aimed at attracting foreign students. For Russia, increasing the number of foreign students in universities is one of the priority tasks set in the National Education Project. In this work, based on data from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, as well as data from Rosstat, we analyze the dynamics of the number of foreign students from a number of Asian countries in Russian universities. It is shown that over the past ten years, the number of foreign students studying in Russia for undergraduate and graduate programs has doubled. This became possible both thanks to the active work of universities in positioning Russian educational programs, and thanks to a number of interstate agreements that allow foreign students to receive education in Russia for free. And, although the main potential for attracting foreign students is still concentrated in the CIS countries, Russia has good chances of increasing flows of educational migrants from the countries of the Asia-Pacific region, including China, Japan and Vietnam. We are formulating a number of proposals that can help increase the attractiveness of Russia for students from these countries.

scholarly journals Europium, Yttrium, and Indium Recovery from Electronic Wastes

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesto de la Torre ◽  
Estefanía Vargas ◽  
César Ron ◽  
Sebastián Gámez
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Rare Earths ◽  
Liquid Crystal Display ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Cathode Ray Tubes ◽  
Stoichiometric Amount

Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) has increased in recent decades due to the continuous advancement of technology in the modern world. These residues have various metals that are found in concentrations that make their recovery profitable. A group of metals of interest are the rare earths such as europium and yttrium, as well as semiconductors such as indium. Yttrium was recovered from cathode ray tubes that were manually dismantled. The resulted powder was leached with HNO3, and then the solution was submitted to solvent extraction with di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (DEHPA) using n-heptane as a diluent. For re-extraction, HNO3 was used again, and yttrium was precipitated by adding four times the stoichiometric amount of oxalic acid, reaching 68% yttrium purity. Indium was recovered from the liquid crystal display (LCD) screens for which the pulverized material was leached with H2SO4. Then, the indium sulfate was subjected to solvent extraction using DEHPA as an extractant, and diesel as a diluent. The re-extraction was carried out again with H2SO4, and the obtained acid solution was evaporated until the indium precipitated, reaching a recovery of 95%. The investigations that were carried out show that it is feasible to recover these metals in the form of oxides or phosphates with high commercial value.

scholarly journals The Failed Globalization of Psychedelic Drugs in the Early Modern World

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Benjamin Breen
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Consumer Goods ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Built Environments ◽  
Cultural Assumptions ◽  
Psychedelic Drugs ◽  
Columbian Exchange

Abstract This article reassesses what has been called ‘the puzzle of distribution’: why did some drugs rapidly emerge as global consumer goods in the era of the Columbian Exchange, whereas others remained restricted to regional centres of usage? I argue here that the early modern concept of transplantation allows us to approach the puzzle of distribution from a novel perspective. Early modern intoxicants were not disaggregated, free-floating commodities. Their consumption and trade took place within a larger constellation of social codes, cultural practices, ecologies, and built environments. Psychedelic compounds such as peyote and ayahuasca serve here as case studies for examining how the globalization of drugs involved far more than the transport of the substances themselves. Despite their centrality to numerous societies throughout the pre-Columbian Americas, the larger ‘assemblage’ of material cultures, cultural assumptions, and religious meanings that accrued around these substances made it difficult for them to follow the same paths as commodified drugs like cacao or tobacco.

scholarly journals Determination of Optimal Clinker Factor in Cement Production by Chemical Grinding Aids Addition

2015 ◽  
Vol 776 ◽  
pp. 223-228
Author(s):  
Titut Eryanto ◽  
Elita Amrina
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Green Manufacturing ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Grinding Aids ◽  
The World ◽  
Cement Manufacturing

The cement industry has remarked as an intensive consumer of energy. The amount of energy consumed in the cement manufacturing has a correlation to the increasing of CO2 emission. It is reported that the cement Industry has contributed to 5–7% of the total CO2 emission in the world. Thus, there is a need to make an innovation in order to overcome the environmental problem. One of effort can be made is by using chemical grinding aids (CGA) as an additive material in the cement production process. This study aimed to determine the optimal clinker factor of the cement production by the addition of chemical grinding aids (CGA). The experiments are conducted in PT Semen Padang consisting of four variable of the clinker factor without CGA and with CGA addition 300 ppm. The clinker factor varies from 78.3% to 72.9%. The results show that the optimal clinker factor is at 74.5% with the CGA addition 300 ppm. It can improve the cement fineness to 3848cm2/gr and decrease the sieving R45μ to 10%. In addition, the strength of the cement produced is higher than the standard. The findings show the chemical grinding aids (CGA) addition in the cement production process can reduce the clinker factor as well as reducing the CO2 emissions. It can aid the cement industry to achieve the higher performance in green manufacturing and so as to increase the competitiveness.

scholarly journals Comparison of Branding Strategies of Pharmaceuticals & Fast-Moving Consumer Goods: An Analysis of Modern World Need

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq Mehmood Dar ◽  
Neelofer Tariq
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Consumer Goods ◽  
Fast Moving ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The World ◽  
Branding Strategies ◽  
Fast Moving Consumer Goods ◽  
Prescription Medicines ◽  
Consumer Goods Industry

Branding is an integral part of any product or service. Branding gives identity to a product, whether it is tangible or intangible. Branding tactics and strategies are not new in the marketing of fast-moving consumer goods (FMCGs), whereas, in the pharmaceuticals (prescription medicines), it is challenging. This article aims to analyze the branding strategies currently in use or been used in the pharmaceutical industry globally; however, this analysis is accomplished with a comparison of the fast-moving consumer goods industry. Thirty-four peer-reviewed studies from around the world in the tenure of 2010 till date have been utilized to analyze the following research. Fore mostly, the branding strategies used in the respective industries have been reviewed for this research's objectivity. The end deductive results obtained from the comparison are employed to conclude how these findings can fulfill the modern world needs.

scholarly journals A REVIEW OF ANALYSIS OF STRENGTH PROPERTIES OF CALCINED KAOLIN AND SILICA FUME

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 160-163
Author(s):  
Jigyasa Shukla ◽  
Harsh Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Calcined Kaolin ◽  
Shape And Size

The Portland cement is very useful to construct the any structure in any shape and size. This is very important for concrete because of this is high cost material. The cement production has environmental problem during large scale production process. In this paper we are studying about Silica fume, durability and Compressive strength etc. The mix is very important for any construction using of some Calcined Kaolin, Sand and Aggregate.

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