scholarly journals Problems of seasonality of sugar production from beets

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Golybin ◽  
V. A. Fedoruk ◽  
N. A. Matvienko
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Process ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
Physical And Chemical

In recent years, the annual processing of sugar beet in Russia is 45 million tons or more, which allows to produce white sugar in the amount of 6.0 million tons or more. during the production season, the quality of beets does not remain constant – not only its sugar content changes, but also the content of harmful soluble non-sugars, as well as physical and chemical parameters - the mass of root crops decreases due to wilting, reducing turgor, respiration and germination, rotten mass appears as a result of microbiological and enzymatic processes and the formation of foci of mucous bacteriosis. One of the main tasks of improving the diffusion process is to increase the elasticity of beet tissue and reduce the intensity of the transition of pectin substances into the diffusion juice. This goal is achieved by using effective chemical reagents in the composition of the feed water introduced into the diffusion apparatus, as well as processing of beet chips immediately before the sucrose extraction process; reducing the temperature of desugarisation of beet pulp in the diffusion apparatus in the allowable interval. The method of intensification of sucrose extraction using the method of treatment of feed water in an electric field is proposed. Improvement of the dispersed composition of the resulting sediment particles is facilitated by the return to the preliming of the carbonate suspension of juice II saturation, carried out using an activated suspension of filter perlite. The homogeneity of calcium carbonate particles and correspondingly high filtration rates of saturation juice are formed due to the active circuit of the internal circulation of the juice. The use of the proposed recommendations during the implementation of technological processes in their implementation in modern equipment of the diffusion process and purification of the obtained juice allow to minimize the negative consequences of beet processing both at the initial stage of the production season when technically not ripe root crops are received, and during the end of the season when processing raw materials of reduced quality.

scholarly journals Kinetics of Extraction of Dioscine from Vegetable Raw Materials in Vibrocavitation Homogenizer

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. V. Flisyuk ◽  
S. S. Belokurov ◽  
I. A. Narkevich ◽  
A. N. Shikov ◽  
O. M. Flisyuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Rotor Speed ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Periodic Action ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Working Volume ◽  
Kinetics Of

Introduction. In recent years, substances extracted from plant materials have been widely used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries. Such substances are used as solutions, dry extracts for the manufacture of medicines, dietary supplements, cosmetic creams, food additives in various forms – tablets, capsules, solutions, granular powders. The extraction of valuable substances from plant materials is carried out using the extraction process, which is carried out by various methods and in apparatuses of various designs. Earlier, a comparative study of the extraction of dioscin from fenugreek by various methods was carried out: in devices with a stirrer, in an ultrasonic field, supercritical, fluid CO2 extraction, and in a vibro-cavitation homogenizer. It is shown that the most effective method is the extraction carried out in a vibrocavitation homogenizer.Aim.To analyze the kinetics of the extraction of dioscin from fenugreek seeds, to determine the optimal values of the required degree of grinding of the raw materials, working temperature, the concentration of ethyl alcohol in the solution and the rotational speed of the rotor of the vibrocavitation homogenizer. Determine the effective mass transfer coefficient responsible for the intensity of mass transfer inside the particles.Materials and methods. An experimental study of the extraction of valuable components from plant materials was carried out in a laboratory unit with a vibrocavitation homogenizer of periodic action. As raw materials were used seeds of hay fenugreek, ecotype of Morocco, acquired in the company Fitokasa, Casablanca (Morocco), which we used for research. Commodity analysis showed that raw materials comply with the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia XIVth edition. As extractants, aqueous solutions of ethanol with an alcohol concentration of 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90 %. The analysis of the kinetics of the process was based on the following ideas. Extraction begins with the surface of the particles of plant material. As the extracted component moves into the volume of the solution, the extractant penetrates into the internal pores of the particles, and the surface on which the extractant and the extracted component interact is gradually shifted into the individual particles. In this case, the resistance to mass transfer in the region between the specified surface and the outer surface of the particle increases over time.Results and discussion. An analysis of the results shows that the rotor speed significantly intensifies the process. In addition, the influence of the rotor speed is most pronounced at the initial stage of the process, when the surface layers of particles of plant material are extracted. It was also found that the resistance to mass transfer inside particles increases significantly as it approaches the final stage of the process, and with an increase in the rotor speed, it increases, especially at the initial stage of the process, which is associated with the intensity of cavitation and the weakening of its effect as the process deepens inward particles.Conclusions. The obtained dependences are necessary to determine the duration of the extraction process in a batch mode, or the average residence time of seeds in the working volume when organizing the process in a continuous mode.

Feasibility of immobilizing fluorinated pyrochemical reprocessing salts in a glass-ceramic matrix

2004 ◽  
Vol 848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnès Grandjean
Keyword(s):  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Fission Products ◽  
Ceramic Matrix ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Spent Fuel ◽  
Molten Fluoride ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Physical And Chemical

ABSTRACTSpent fuel reprocessing by an innovative reductive extraction process in a molten fluoride medium (LiF/AlF3) is now being evaluated; in this hypothesis, all the unrecoverable fission products would be conditioned as fluorides. A preliminary study was undertaken to assess the feasibility of incorporating these fluorides by melting in a glass-ceramic matrix. The containment matrix for the fluorinated waste stream was selected after examining the consequences of fluorinated compounds on the vitreous state and on the physical and chemical properties of the melt and the solidified glass. The presence of fluorinated compounds in the raw materials used to produce the vitreous material raises the problem of the volatility of some fluorides, of their solubility in the melt, and of possible crystallization of the material.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF THE APPLICATION OF A NEW METHOD OF EXTRACTION INTENSIFICATION OF PECTIN SUBSTANCES FROM A BEET PULP

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Gregoriy Deynichenko ◽  
Vasyl Guzenko ◽  
Dmytro Dmytrevskyi ◽  
Vitalii Chervonyi ◽  
Tatiana Kolisnichenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
New Method ◽  
Acid Extraction ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
Working Parameters ◽  
Pectin Substances

The aim of research is studying a new method for intensifying extraction of pectin substances during acid extraction of pectin-containing raw materials. The description of the experimental setup and the procedure for processing the results of the investigation of the application of a new method for intensifying the beet pulp extraction are described. The results of experimental studies on the application of a new combined mixing element for intensifying the extraction of pectin-containing raw materials (beet pulp) and its effect on quantitative and qualitative output characteristics are presented. Mathematical models are constructed on the basis of regression equations of the full factorial experiment with the use of a new method of intensifying the extraction process to select input technological parameters for the extraction of pectin substances from pectin-containing raw materials. The rational operating parameters of the process of extraction of pectin substances with the use of a new combinable stirring element are determined. Such working parameters are: the process duration is 1 ... 1.1, the temperature of the working medium is 60 ... 70 ºС, and the hydromodule is 8 ... 10. The research results can be used to study other technological parameters of the extraction process of pectin substances, as well as to develop a technological line for the production of pectin products.

scholarly journals EXAMINATION OF THE EXTRACTION PROCESS IN THE INSTALLATION FOR EXTREME IN THE ELECTROMAGNETIC INTENSIFICATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
Larisa Fialkovska
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Method ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
The Press ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Experimental Researches

Іn the article an overview of the methods of extraction of oilseeds is carried out. The purpose of the work was to carry out the study of the extraction process at the installation for extraction in an electromagnetic intensifier (EEMI). The only way to ensure virtually complete oil extraction is the extraction method, in which the forces that convert the oil into a solution exceed the forces that hold oil in the extracted material. Today, the extraction method for oil extraction at Ukrainian plants is leading, as it provides greater yield of oil than with the use of the press process. The object of research is the use of rapeseed and soybean seeds, locally, oil obtained as a result of extraction of oilseeds. Experimental researches were carried out in laboratory conditions at the department "Processes and equipment of processing and food industries of a name of professor P. S. Bernik" of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University. Production tests of the laboratory sample of the extractor were carried out at PJSC "Vinnitsa OZHK". Physical and chemical researches of raw materials and intermediate materials were carried out. The optimum temperature regimes of the extraction process are established. The expediency and necessity of use as a solvent of ethyl alcohol is described. The research of rapeseed and soybean oils obtained as a result of extraction was conducted. The production of oil on the plant for extraction in an electromagnetic intensifier (EEMI) will enable the product to meet the requirements of regulatory documents and has a higher content of biologically active substances - tocopherols in comparison with traditional methods.

scholarly journals Studying the process of extracting sugary substances from the stalks of sweet sorghum in the technology of making food syrups

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (11(112)) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Nataliia Husiatynska ◽  
Nataliia Hryhorenko ◽  
Olha Kalenyk ◽  
Mykola Husiatynskyi ◽  
Svitlana Teterina
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Material Balance ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Juice Extraction ◽  
Wide Range

The need to intensify the process of extracting sugar substances from sweet sorghum stalks in order to improve the quality and yield of the target product has been substantiated. Existing techniques of sugar substance extraction used in sweet sorghum processing technologies have been analyzed. The application of a combined technique for extracting sugary substances has been proposed implying the production of pressed and diffusion juice. The results of optimizing the press technique of juice extraction from sorghum stalks are given. The equations of material balance of products and sugars have been built, depending on such factors as the degree of pressing, the initial content of solids and sugars in the stalks. A procedure for calculating the yield of pressed juice, cake, and the content of total sugars has been devised, according to which the preliminary pressing of the stalks ensures the extraction of juice in the range of 25‒35 %, the yield of the pressed cake is 75‒65 % on average, with a sugar content exceeding 60 %. It has been experimentally established that the use of the anti-current process of extraction of sugar substances from the pressed cake ensures their complete extraction from raw materials. The rational parameters for this process have been defined. At a temperature of 66–70 °C and a duration of 20 minutes, it is possible to obtain an extract whose content of solids is 13.0 %, total sugars ‒ 11.10 %, and whose purity is 85.38 %. The research was carried out in order to intensify the extraction of sugar substances from sweet sorghum plant raw materials, to improve the technical level of the extraction process, and implement the devised method under industrial conditions. Further implementation of these results in the food industry could make it possible to establish the production of a wide range of sugar-containing products, both organically and as a natural substitute for sugar in food products.

scholarly journals TECHNOLOGICAL QUALITIES OF SUGAR BEETROOT CROPS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE MIDDLE CIS-URAL REGION

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (36) ◽  
pp. 72-84
Author(s):  
Damir ISLAMGULOV ◽  
Rafael ISMAGILOV ◽  
Rail ALIMGAFAROV ◽  
Aygul BAKIROVA ◽  
Rafik ENIKEEV
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Amino Nitrogen ◽  
Ural Region ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Crop Density

The economic growth and welfare of the state largely dependent on the efficiency of the agro-industrial complex, including the beet-sugar subcomplex. In Russia, including the middle CIS-Ural region, sugar beet is the main technical crop that provides raw materials for the sugar industry. More than 70 % of the area is sown in the Central and Southern Federal Districts. On the territory of the middle CIS-Ural region, sugar beet is currently cultivated on an area of more than 100,000 ha (Kornienko, 2014) The purpose of the research was to identify the productivity and technological quality patterns of new sugar beet hybrids, the influence of varietal characteristics on the content of molassigenic sub-stances, nitrogen fertilizer dosage, crop density and harvest time to obtain the highest yield of root crops with high technological qualities in the middle CIS-Ural region of Russia. Four field studies were conducted. The sugar content was determined by cold digestion with saccharimeter-polarimeter. To determine the α-amino nitrogen, the method of Stanek and Pavlas modified by Wininger and Kubadinov was used. The results showed that with an increased dose of nitrogen fertilizer, the sugar content of the root crops naturally decreased. As the crop density increased, the sugar content also increased. The highest sugar content in the root crops was revealed at a crop density of 95,000 and 110,000 plants/ha. The authors proposed recommendations to obtain the highest gross yield of purified sugar in sugar beet cultivation: for early harvesting – cultivate a sugar beet hybrid of normal-sugary type (Christella), for late harvesting – a hybrid of yielding type (HM-1820); apply nitrogen fertilizer at a dose of 160 kg of active agent/ha;cultivate sugar beet with a density of 95,000 plants per hectare; remove sugar beetroot crops with modern beet harvesters on October 10–25.

scholarly journals Сравнительная оценка желейно-фруктовых мармеладов со стевиозидом для диетического питания с использованием различных желирующих агентов

2019 ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
L.E. Melnikova ◽  
E.A. Gornich
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Technical Documentation ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Gelling Agents ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Chemical Indicators ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Мармелад обладает высокими вкусовыми и диетическими свойствами. Исходным сырьём для мармелада являются ягоды, фрукты и овощи, которые содержат органические кислоты, витамины, минеральные соли и сахара. Рецептура может меняться в зависимости от требований, предъявляемых к готовому продукту, в т.ч. можно снизить содержание сахара или заменить его на подсластитель. Разработана технология желейнофруктового мармелада со стевиозидом. Для достижения этой цели была проведена пробная выработка двух видов мармелада с фруктовоягодным наполнителем клубникой, с применением различных желирующих агентов агарагара и пектина, вместо сахара использовали стевиозид. Образцы прошли проверку органолептических и физикохимических показателей. Консистенция обоих мармеладов была однородная запах чистый вкус клубничный цвет светлокремовый. Образец с агарагаром получился более нежным, с ярко выраженным вкусом и цветом, правильной формы с незначительными деформациями. Кислотность его соответствовала требованиям нормативнотехнической документации. Кислотность и влажность выработанного в ходе эксперимента клубничного мармелада на пектине оказалась ниже нормы. Влажность мармелада на агарагаре превысила норму, для решения выявленной проблемы необходимо увеличить долю агарагара, либо подобрать более качественный аналог других производителей. Массовая доля сухих веществ в обоих образцах находится в пределах нормы. Проведённая выработка образцов клубничного мармелада с использованием агарагара и пектина в лабораторных условиях показала, что использование в технологии мармелада с фруктовоягодным наполнителем в качестве загустителя наиболее целесообразно использовать агарагар.Marmalade has high taste and dietary properties. The raw materials for marmalade are berries, fruits and vegetables which contain organic acids, vitamins, mineral salts and sugars. The recipe may vary depending on the requirements for the finished product including you can lower the sugar content or replace it with a sweeting agent. The technology of jellyfruit marmalade with stevioside has been developed. To achieve this goal two types of marmalade with fruit and berry preparation strawberries were tested using various gelling agents agaragar and pectin, stevioside was used instead of sugar. Samples were tested in organoleptic and physical and chemical indicators. The texture of both marmalades was uniform, the smell is clean, flavor is strawberry, color is light cream. The sample with agar agar turned out to be more delicate with a complete flavor and color, the correct shape with slight deformations. Its acidity satisfied the requirements of normative and technical documentation. The acidity and humidity of strawberry marmalade produced during the experiment on pectin was below normal. The humidity of marmalade on agar agar exceeded the norm to solve the identified problem it is necessary to increase the share of agar agar or to choose a better analogue of other manufacturers. Dry solids weight ratio in both samples is within normal limits. The manufacture of samples of strawberry marmalade with the use of agar agar and pectin in laboratory conditions showed that the use of agar agar as the thickener in technology of marmalade with fruit and berry preparation is most appropriate.

Digestibility trials with poultry: VIII. The digestibility of dried molassed sugar-beet pulp

1937 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. T. Halnan
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Diffusion Process ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Sugar Beet Pulp ◽  
Cattle Feeding ◽  
Beet Pulp

In the process of manufacture of sugar from sugar beet, the sugar is first extracted from the beet by appropriate means, and the wet residue or pulp is then dried and sold for cattle feeding. The composition of the dried pulp or slices differs somewhat according to the nature of the process used in the extraction of the sugar. In the “diffusion” process, in which water is used, the extraction is very efficient, with the result that the sugar content of the dried pulp is low. In the Steffen process, in which press methods are used, a fair amount of sugar is left in the dried residues. In the de Vecchi process the sliced beets are dried before the extraction of the sugar takes place, and a certain proportion of these slices is occasionally marketed on the Continent as cattle food. The characteristic differences between these three types of pulp are shown by analyses given by Fangauf and Waldow(1).

scholarly journals Characteristics of Sodium Alginate Extracted from Turbinaria sp. and Sargassum sp.

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rinta Kusumawati ◽  
Jamal Basmal ◽  
Bagus Sediadi Bandol Utomo
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Characterization of sodium alginate extracted from two species of brown seaweed (Turbinaria sp. and Sargassum sp.) has been conducted. The aim of the study was to evaluate physical and chemical properties of the two different types of sodium alginates produced from this extraction process. Extraction was conducted in alkaline solution followed by acid treatment with the following steps: sortation of seaweed, washing, alkaline extraction, bleaching, alginic acid and sodium alginate conversion, dehydration using isopropyl alcohol (IPA), drying, chopping and grinding. Each extraction was conducted in duplicate using approximately 1 kg of the raw materials. The physical and chemical properties of the final products (sodium alginate powders) were analyzed. The results of the analysis were as follows: the yield of alginate powder from Turbinaria sp. was 14.77% having water content of 13.48%; whiteness degree of 23.77%; and viscosity of 133.67 cPs while the yield of sodium alginate powder extracted from Sargassum sp. was 24.56% with water content of 12.69%; whiteness degree of 43.80%; and viscosity of 217.50 cPs. Both alginate powders had better physical characteristics compared to commercial grade alginate which had water content of 16.07%, whiteness degree of 29.37%, and viscosity of 102.67cPs.

STUDYING THE KINETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EXTRACTION OF ANTHOCYANINS FROM THE SQUEEZE OF KRASNOSTOP ZOLOTOVSKY

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Egyan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Efficiency Coefficient ◽  
Kinetic Characteristics ◽  
Reaction Rate Constants ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Process Speed

The article shows studies characterizing the quality of the squeeze: the mechanical composition of the squeeze is determined, the structural moisture of each component is determined, the sugar content in the formed process of sedimentation of the juice and its acidity are determined refractometrically. The kinetics of anthocyanins extraction was determined in two ways, the solids content in the extract was calculated, and the reaction rate constants of the extraction process and the efficiency coefficient of ultrasonic amplification of the extraction process speed were calculated.

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