scholarly journals Standard Sunscreen from Local Thai Herb

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachadaporn Boonruang ◽  
Narongrit Lahpun ◽  
Oraphan Anurukvorakun
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Skin Allergy ◽  
Sunscreen Agents ◽  
Satisfaction Evaluation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Acacia Catechu ◽  
Sunscreen Products ◽  
Sunscreen Product

A novel sunscreen containing Acacia catechu, remarkable local herb, was investigated for efficacy and standardized in this research.  The developed sunscreens were evaluated Sun Protection Factor (SPF), stability, skin allergy or irritation and the satisfaction. The highest SPF of A. catechu sunscreen with synthetic sunscreen agents was 30.344. While, the highest SPF of the A. catechu sunscreen without synthetic sunscreen agents was 24.381. The stability testing with the different conditions was found that the sunscreen products in the usual storage, had been stabilized even without preservative.  For irritation testing, there was no skin allergy and irritation from 20 volunteers.  Besides, results of the satisfaction evaluation for texture, consistency, sensory and odor after using the sunscreens, were high for all of the evaluation aspects.  Obviously, the results in this research revealed that A. catechu was applicable for being a great candidate in a sunscreen product.  Additionally, A. catechu sunscreen could prevent the adverse effects of UV radiation and artificial preservatives due to the UV absorption properties and antimicrobial properties of A. catechu.

In Vitro Evaluation of Sun Protection Factor of Plant Extracts By Ultraviolet Spectroscopy Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (30) ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
Geeta Bhandari Garima Negi
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Sun Protection ◽  
Skin Protection ◽  
Murraya Koenigii ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Safe Alternative ◽  
Sun Protection Factor ◽  
Acute And Chronic Exposure ◽  
Sunscreen Products

Abstract-Acute and chronic exposure to nonphysiological doses of ultraviolet radiation leads to variety of changes of skin ranging from sun-burn, erythema to skin cancer. For skin protection from deleterious effects of sunlight, sunscreen products are used in various forms having chemical and physical filters. However, synthetic sunscreen formulations are reported to cause adverse effects. Thus the present study was planned to evaluate the sun protection factor (SPF) of leaves extract of Murraya koenigii for their application as herbal sunscreens. The results suggested that the occurrence of active compounds responsible for ultraviolet absorption can be extracted for use in sunscreens preparations as better, cheaper and safe alternative to harmful chemical sunscreens. Keywords: UV radiations, SPF, Murraya koenigii

scholarly journals Synthesis and Antibacterial Studies of Novel Phosphorus Ligand 5-(2-diphenylphosphino) phenyl-1,2-dihydro-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione and its Metal Complexes with some Transition Metals

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
Matheel D. Al-Sabti ◽  
Ahmed A. H. Al-Amiery ◽  
Thorria R. Marzoog ◽  
Yasmien K. Al-Majedy
Keyword(s):  
Metal Complexes ◽  
Free Ligand ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Cadmium Complex ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Visible Spectra ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The Stability

This study involves the chemical synthesis of the novel ligand 5-(2-diphenylphosphino) phenyl-1,2-dihydro-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione (DPDTT) by the reaction of 2-diphenylphosphino benzoic acid with absolute ethanol that yield ethyl 2-diphenylphosphino benzoate and by cyclization of this compound with thiosemicarbazide, DPDTT will be produced. The chelating complexes of this ligand with Cr(III), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Cd(II) were also prepared and studied. The new complexes were characterized by FT-IR, UV/visible spectra, and room temperature magnetic susceptibility. The stability for the prepared complexes was also measured using the density function theory and it was found that the cadmium complex is the most stable and the chromium complex is the least stable. Free ligand and its metal complexes have been tested in vitro against a number of microorganisms, like gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and gram negative bacteria E. coli, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas and Klebsiella in order to assess their antimicrobial properties. All complexes showed considerable activity against all the studied bacteria.

scholarly journals Critical Concentration of Lecithin Enhances the Antimicrobial Activity of Eugenol against Escherichia coli

2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoshu Zhang ◽  
Edward G. Dudley ◽  
P. Michael Davidson ◽  
Federico Harte
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Critical Concentration ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Antimicrobial Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Stability

ABSTRACT Lecithin is a natural emulsifier used in a wide range of food and nonfood applications to improve physical stability, with no known bioactive effects. In this study, the effect of lecithin on the antimicrobial performance of a constant eugenol concentration was tested against three Escherichia coli strains (C600, 0.1229, and O157:H7 strain ATCC 700728). This is the first study, to our knowledge, focusing on lecithin at concentrations below those commonly used in foods to improve the stability of oil in water emulsions (≤10 mg/100 ml). For all three cultures, significant synergistic antimicrobial effects were observed when E. coli cultures were exposed to a constant eugenol concentration (ranging from 0.043 to 0.050% [wt/wt]) together with critical lecithin concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 1 mg/100 ml. Increasing the concentration of lecithin above 1 mg/100 ml (up to 10 mg/100 ml lecithin) diminished the antibacterial effect to values similar to those with eugenol-only treatments. The formation of aggregates (<100 nm) at the critical lecithin concentration was observed using cryo-transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM), together with a reduction in light absorbance at 284 nm. At critically low concentrations of lecithin, the formation of nanoscale aggregates is responsible for improving eugenol antimicrobial effects. IMPORTANCE Essential oils (EOs) are effective natural antimicrobials. However, their hydrophobicity and strong aromatic character limit the use of essential oils in food systems. Emulsifiers (e.g., lecithin) increase the stability of EOs in water-based systems but fail to consistently improve antimicrobial effects. We demonstrate that lecithin, within a narrow critical concentration window, can enhance the antimicrobial properties of eugenol. This study highlights the potential bioactivity of lecithin when utilized to effectively control foodborne pathogens.

A microbiological assay for the sun protection factor of sunscreen products

1998 ◽  
Vol 50 (S9) ◽  
pp. 138-138
Author(s):  
Robert W. Jones ◽  
Sarah Smith ◽  
Claire Boden ◽  
Brian G. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Sun Protection ◽  
Microbiological Assay ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Sun Protection Factor ◽  
Sunscreen Products

scholarly journals Stability of chemical UV filters in sunscreens exposed to vehicle cabin temperatures

2021 ◽  
pp. 46
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
Excessive Heat ◽  
Vehicle Cabin ◽  
Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Sunscreen Products

Background: Sunscreen companies recommend replacing your chemical sunscreen every year. Consumer inquiries about product integrity under excessive exposure to heat prompted the FDA to add a requirement statement to sunscreen products indicating a need to protect stored sunscreen from excessive heat and direct sun. If heat exposure indeed affects chemical sunscreen stability, then in some areas, replacement may be warranted earlier than a year. Methods: We examined real-life scenarios related to the storage of sunscreen containers inside vehicles sitting in natural sunlight to provide information about the stability of sunscreen active ingredients under real-life storage conditions. The active ingredients avobenzone, oxybenzone, homosalate, octinoxate, octisalate, and octocrylene in samples of sunscreens were examined after heat exposure over six months using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. The calculated levels of each active ingredient were then compared between the non-heat exposed samples and the heat exposed samples using a paired t-test to look for decreases in active chemicals from heat exposure. Results: No important differences were seen for heat exposure in this study of 378 hours of temperatures above 37.8 °C, with an additional 292 hours of exposure to temperatures of 32.2-37.7 °C, and 3454 hours at 26.7-32.2 °C. Conclusions: This suggests such heat exposure does not result in degradation of the active ingredients of sunscreens with sun protection factors (SPF) of 30 and 50. This is important for individuals attempting to prevent sunburns and skin cancer.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF SUNSCREEN PRODUCTS CONTAINING GREEN TEA LEAF EXTRACT

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
SETYO NURWAINI ◽  
LITA ALIANTI ◽  
DHIAH AYU PERMATA SARI ◽  
WAHYU UTAMI
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Green Tea Leaves ◽  
High Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Tea Leaf ◽  
Sunscreen Products

Objective: The purpose of this research was to determine antioxidant activity of green tea leaf extract, the value of sun protection factor (SPF),physical properties, and stability of green tea cream.Methods: Green tea leaf extract was obtained by maceration using 96% ethanol. Cream was prepared in three formulas with various concentrationof the green tea leaves extract. The physical evaluations included organoleptic, pH, viscosity, adhesion, spreadability, and stability tests weredone. The determination of the SPF value is calculated using the Mansur equation. Extract of green tea leaf has strong antioxidant activity(IC50 2.19 μg/ml).Results: The green tea leaf extract showed high antioxidant activity (2.19 μg/m). All formulas are organoleptically creamy brownish-green to brown,with a distinctive green tea odor and homogeneous. All formulas met the requirements of physical properties of cream. The creams showed significantchange while they were stored at 4°C and at 40±2°C, but showed no difference when they were stored ad 26°C. SPF values of cream are 0.54; 2.03,and 2.41, respectively.Conclusions: It is clearly indicated that the sunscreen cream of green tea leaf extract is potential to be further developed as cosmetic preparations.

scholarly journals Anthocyanins: Factors Affecting Their Stability and Degradation

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1967
Author(s):  
Bianca Enaru ◽  
Georgiana Drețcanu ◽  
Teodora Daria Pop ◽  
Andreea Stǎnilǎ ◽  
Zorița Diaconeasa
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Color Palette ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Major Disadvantage ◽  
Phenolic Group ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

Anthocyanins are secondary metabolites and water-soluble pigments belonging to the phenolic group, with important functions in nature such as seed dispersal, pollination and development of plant organs. In addition to these important roles in plant life, anthocyanins are also used as natural pigments in various industries, due to the color palette they can produce from red to blue and purple. In addition, recent research has reported that anthocyanins have important antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, which can be used in the chemoprevention of various diseases such as diabetes, obesity and even cancer. However, anthocyanins have a major disadvantage, namely their low stability. Thus, their stability is influenced by a number of factors such as pH, light, temperature, co-pigmentation, sulfites, ascorbic acid, oxygen and enzymes. As such, this review aims at summarizing the effects of these factors on the stability of anthocyanins and their degradation. From this point of view, it is very important to be precisely aware of the impact that each parameter has on the stability of anthocyanins, in order to minimize their negative action and subsequently potentiate their beneficial health effects.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles Stabilized with Organic Ligands and Their Antimicrobial Properties

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 2846
Author(s):  
Noemi Jardón-Maximino ◽  
Marissa Pérez-Alvarez ◽  
Gregorio Cadenas-Pliego ◽  
Luis E. Lugo-Uribe ◽  
Christian Cabello-Alvarado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Stabilizing Agents ◽  
Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate ◽  
The Stability ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Zeta Potential Analysis

In this work, we report the synthesis of copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs), employing the chemical reduction method in an aqueous medium. We used copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4·5H2O) as a metallic precursor; polyethylenimine (PEI), allylamine (AAM), and 4-aminobutyric acid (AABT) as stabilizing agents; and hydrated hydrazine as a reducing agent. The characterization of the obtained nanoparticles consisted of X-ray, TEM, FTIR, and TGA analyses. Through these techniques, it was possible to detect the presence of the used stabilizing agents on the surface of the NPs. Finally, a zeta potential analysis was performed to differentiate the stability of the nanoparticles with a different type of stabilizing agent, from which it was determined that the most stable nanoparticles were the Cu NPs synthesized in the presence of the PEI/AAM mixture. The antimicrobial activity of Cu/PEI/AABT toward P. aeruginosa and S. aureus bacteria was high, inhibiting both bacteria with low contact times and copper concentrations of 50–200 ppm. The synthesis method allowed us to obtain Cu NPs free of oxides, stable to oxidation, and with high yields. The newly functionalized Cu NPs are potential candidates for antimicrobial applications.

scholarly journals Preliminary Study of the Potential Photoprotective Effect of Organogel-Based Lipstick Formulations: Texture Analysis, Rheological, Thermal and Sensory Properties

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cloé L. Esposito ◽  
Plamen Kirilov
Keyword(s):  
Texture Analysis ◽  
Stability Study ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Uv Protective Properties ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Organogelators ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Unique Chemical

With the increase in occupation-specific risks of lip cancer associated with solar radiation, there is a need for developing photoprotective lipsticks to protect skin against harmful effects of UV radiation. Considering the unique chemical and physical properties of low-molecular-weight organogelators (LMOGs), the present study intended to assess the UV protective properties of LMOGs-based lipstick formulations. In this study, dibenzylidene-D-sorbitol (DBS) and 12-hydroxystearic acid (12-HSA) were used to formulate lipsticks : L1 (1% DBS), L2 (10% 12-HSA), L3 (1.5% DBS) and L4 (control, no LMOGs). The lipstick formulations were tested for in vitro sun protection factors (SPF), UVA protection factor (UVA-PF), thermal, mechanical and texture analyses. Lipsticks with LMOGs exhibited higher UVA-PF and SPF, and more particularly 12-HSA-based lipstick. Results showed also the viscoelastic and heat-resistant properties of LMOGs and their effect of increasing pay-off values. In general, texture analysis indicating that 12-HSA-based lipstick was significantly harder to bend compared to control, while other formulations became softer and easier to bend throughout the stability study. Finally, sensorial and instrumental analyses permitted to classify lipsticks into two groups. This work suggests the potential use of LMOGs as a structuring agent for lipsticks paving the way towards more photoprotective and sustainable-derived alternatives.

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