scholarly journals BIOACCUMULATION OF METALS AND EVALUATION OF GOLDEN MUSSELS ENCRUSTED ON DIFFERENT SCREENS OF NET CAGES

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. e624
Author(s):  
Mateus Antonio BESEN ◽  
Nilton Garcia MARENGONI
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Total Mass ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Average Mass ◽  
Net Cage ◽  
Net Cages ◽  
Golden Mussel

This study aimed to evaluate the characterization and bioaccumulation of metals of the golden mussel encrusted in the screens of net cages installed in the reservoir of Itaipu Binacional. The experimental design was completely randomized, composed of two types of screens (PVC and Bezinal) distributed on four sides (Sides I, II, III, and IV) of the net cage. The total mass, the average mass, and the dimensions (width, height, and length) of the mollusks were evaluated. The mussels adhered to the Bezinal screen presented a higher average mass, length, height, and width than those colonized on the PVC screen (p <0.05). However, the PVC screen provided a greater (p <0.05) total mass of encrusted mussels. Regardless of the screen used, the average mass and length of mussels had higher values on Side I (p <0.05) than to the Sides II and IV, but not different from Side III. The mussels evaluated showed high levels of metals, and those encrusted in the Bezinal screen presented higher levels of Al, Zn and Cr than the individuals on the PVC screen (p <0.05). The use of a Bezinal screen is more efficient than a PVC screen, as an antifouling material. Mussels with shorter lengths had a higher incidence on the PVC screen. The mussels encrusted in the Bezinal screen bioaccumulate higher content of Al, Zn, and Cr. The type of screen used in the net cages influences the mass and size of adhered mussels, as well as can interfere with the metal accumulation in the golden mussel.

scholarly journals Gluttony Causes Death in Juvenile Puff Adder Bitis arietans

Koedoe ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G.V. Haagner
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Total Mass ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Museum Collection ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Average Mass ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Game Reserve

Little is known about the predator/prey relationship in reptiles. The puff adder Bitis arietans is known to feed on a variety of food items, their diet consisting mainly of rodents, while birds, lizards and toads may be included (Broadley 1983, FitzSimons' Snakes of Southern Africa, Johannesburg: Delta Books). Pitman (1974, The Snakes of Uganda, Glasgow: Wheldon and Wesley) recorded larger prey for puff adders in East Africa, while Robertson, Chapman & Chapman (1965, Puku 3: 149-170) reported on the diet of puff adders in Tanzania and Zambia, respectively. A gravid puff adder was collected in the Manyeleti Game Reserve in the Mhala district (24@38'S, 31@28'E) of Gazankulu. On 12 February 1986 she gave birth to 28 young. The average length of the fry was 219,12 mm (S.D. 9,72 mm) and their average mass 15, 72 g (S.D. 0,67 g). The young were separated from the mother and placed in another cage. The first ecdysis was com- pleted within 24 hours. After 10 days some newly weaned mice were placed in the cage. On subsequent inspection, it was found that a young snake gorged itself to death. The young puff adder contained three young mice with a total mass of 13,8 g, while the post-mortem mass of the snake was 14,2 g. Having swallowed 97,2 of its own body weight, the snake evidently died of suffocation. The specimen was preserved and is now part of the Transvaal Museum collection in Pretoria (TM 64088).

scholarly journals Phytotonic Effect of Fungicide Mixtures Applied at Different Periods in Sweet Corn

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Estevam M. Costa ◽  
Matheus V. A. Ventura ◽  
Bruno M. Nunes ◽  
Roberto K. Mortate ◽  
Mirian Nomura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Total Mass ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Fungicide Mixtures ◽  
Phytotoxic Effect ◽  
Chemical Groups

The fungicides belonging to the chemical groups of strobilurins and triazoles have their contribution to increase the productivity of the crop by a phytotoxic effect. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of fungicides at different times on the quality and quality of the spikes. The experiment was conducted at the Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais and the experimental design was in randomized blocks, with 4 replicates, factorial factorial 3 &times; 3 + 1, the first factor being composed of 3 combinations of fungicides and the 2 applications (49, 56 and 63 days after sowing-DAS) + 1 witness. The lot was composed of 4 rows spaced 0.45 m and the harvest was done manually at 83 DAS. The height of the plant, the height and the diameter of the glue in the first ear, total mass of ears with and without straw, grain mass per ear, length and diameter of the ears and productivity were evaluated. The data were analyzed by variance and as means compared by the Tukey test. The height of a plant was significantly affected throughout its life in the treatments at 63 days. The series were concentrated by the treatments are a non-spike mass, grain mass per spike and productivity, and pressure levels were loaded when they were performed at 63 DAS.

scholarly journals Tinjauan Fikih Muamalah Terhadap Sistem Bagi Hasil Usaha Keramba Jaring Apung Desa Merangin Kecamatan Kuok Kabupaten Kampar

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-62
Author(s):  
Budiman Budiman ◽  
Daharmi Astuti
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Profit Sharing ◽  
Analysis Approach ◽  
Net Cage ◽  
Net Cages ◽  
Cage Fish

Purpose: This study aims to determine the contract system used and the profit-sharing system of floating net cages in Merangin Village, Kuok District, Kampar Regency. Method: field research using a descriptive qualitative analysis approach. Data collected through interviews and direct observation. Finding: the results of the study revealed that in the practice of floating net cage fish cages between cage owners and employees namely Syirkah Mudharabah, in terms of the legal aspects of the Mudharabah Syirkah, the Rukun Syirkah Mudharabah, Terms, Principles, Contracts and Profit Sharing (profits and losses) that contained in the study of Muamalah Jurisprudence. Implication: socialization about business cooperation needs to be carried out in the perspective of the Shari'ah by relevant parties, to increase the understanding of the local community about the concept of business cooperation following Islamic Shari'ah

scholarly journals IPTEK MARIKULTUR BAGI KELOMPOK PEMBUDIDAYA IKAN DESA MOTANDOI SELATAN KECAMATAN PINOLOSIAN TIMUR KABUPATEN BOLAANG MONGONDOW SELATAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 256
Author(s):  
Carolus P Paruntu ◽  
Suria Darwisito ◽  
Antonius P Rumengan ◽  
Hengky J Sinjal ◽  
Billy Wagey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Fish ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Marine Aquaculture ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Net Cage ◽  
Net Cages ◽  
Fish Harvest ◽  
And Training

The purpose of the community partnership program is to increase the capacity of independent and sustainable marine fish farmers groups.  Specific targets are 1) Increasing the quantity and quality of fish products from marine aquaculture in floating net cages, and 2) Enhancing partners' understanding and skills in terms of effective and efficient marine fish aquaculture technology in floating net cages. The main problems recorded, namely: 1) lack of knowledge of marine fish aquaculture technology in floating net cage; 2) fish harvest time that requires a long time, and 3) poor financial management.  To overcome these problems, an approach is carried out through direct education and training, mentoring, and management of fisheries business management in the field to partners.  After that, each trainee in the partner group is given the opportunity until they can do it themselves.  The target that will be achieved at the end of this education and training is that all group members and their families have knowledge of: 1) superior marine fish polyculture technology in floating net cage and 2) good financial management. Keywords: Fish cultivator group, floating net cage, South Motandoi village, financial management, marine fish polyculture technologyAbstrakTujuan program kemitraan masyarakat (PKM) adalah meningkatkan kapasitas kelompok pembudidaya ikan laut yang mandiri dan berkelanjutan. Target khusus adalah 1) peningkatan kuantitas dan kualitas produk ikan hasil budidaya laut dalam karamba jaring apung, dan 2) peningkatan pemahaman dan ketrampilan mitra dalam hal teknologi budidaya ikan laut dalam karamba jaring apung yang efektif dan efisien. Permasalahan utama yang terekam, yaitu: 1) kurang pengetahuan tentang teknologi budidaya ikan laut dalam karamba jaring apung (KJA); 2) waktu panen ikan yang membutuhkan waktu yang lama, serta 3) pengelolaan keuangan yang kurang baik. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut dilakukan pendekatan melalui penyuluhan dan pelatihan, pendampingan, dan pendidikan manajemen usaha perikanan secara langsung di lapangan kepada mitra. Setelah itu, setiap peserta pelatihan dalam kelompok mitra tersebut diberikan kesempatan sampai mereka bisa melakukannya sendiri.  Target akhir yang dicapai dalam PKM ini adalah semua anggota kelompok maupun keluarganya mempunyai pengetahuan tentang: 1) teknologi polikultur budidaya ikan laut dalam karamba jaring apung yang unggul, dan 2) manajemen keuangan yang baik.  Kata-kata kunci: Kelompok pembudidaya ikan, karamba jaring apung, Desa Motandoi Selatan, manajemen keuangan, teknologi polikultur ikan laut

scholarly journals A Semi-Analytical Model for Studying Hydroelastic Behaviour of a Cylindrical Net Cage under Wave Action

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1445
Author(s):  
Mingyuan Ma ◽  
Hong Zhang ◽  
Dong-Sheng Jeng ◽  
Chien Ming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Model ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Wave Theory ◽  
Porous Membrane ◽  
Wave Forces ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Net Cage ◽  
Net Cages

In the present study, a semi-analytical model based on the small-amplitude wave theory is developed to describe the wave fields around a single gravity-type cylindrical open fish net cage. The cage may be submerged to different depths below the free-water surface. The fish cage net is modelled as a flexible porous membrane, and the deflection of the net chamber is expressed by the transverse vibration equation of strings. The velocity potential is expanded in the form of the Fourier–Bessel series and the unknown coefficients in these series are determined from matching the boundary conditions and the least squares method. The number of terms for the series solution to be used is determined from convergence studies. The model results exhibit significant hydroelastic characteristics of the net cages, including the distribution properties of wave surface, pressure drop at the net interface, structural deflection, and wave loading along the cage height. In addition, the relationships between wave forces on the net cage with hydrodynamic and structural parameters are also revealed. The findings presented herein should be useful to engineers who are designing fish cage systems.

PROSPEK PENGEMBANGAN USAHA BUDIDAYA IKAN KERAPU MACAN SISTEM KERAMBA JARING APUNG (KJA) DI GAMPONG MEE PANGWA KECAMATAN TRIENGGADENG KABUPATEN PIDIE JAYA

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-53
Author(s):  
Al Asri Abubakar
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Tiger Grouper ◽  
Net Cage ◽  
Marketing Costs ◽  
Net Cages ◽  
Production Period

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keuntungan yang diperoleh dari budidaya ikan kerapu macan di keramba jaring apung dan mengetahui faktor internal dan faktor eksternal yang memengaruhi pengembangan usaha budidaya ikan kerapu macan dengan menggunakan sistem keramba jaring apung di Gampong Mee Pangwa Kecamatan Trienggadeng. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah metode survei dengan jumlah populasi sebanyak 23 petani. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa keuntungan pada budidaya ikan kerapu macan sistem keramba jaring apung sebesar Rp. 47.289.583 per periode produksi; dan faktor internal yang mempengaruhi pengembangan budidaya ikan kerapu macan pada keramba jaring apung terdiri dari faktor kekuatan yaitu lokasi usaha, kualitas air, dukungan PEMDA, biaya pemasaran rendah, harga benih murah. Faktor kelemahan yaitu ketersediaan benih kurang, dan kurangnya sumberdaya manusia. Faktor eksternal yang mempengaruhi pengembangan budidaya ikan kerapu macan pada keramba jaring apung terdiri dari faktor peluang yaitu nilai jual ikan kerapu, pangsa pasar tinggi, peluang usaha besar, kebijakan pemerintah. Yang menjadi faktor ancaman yaitu iklim dan keamanan.AbstractThis study aims to determine the benefits gained from the cultivation of tiger grouper in floating net cages and to know the internal factors and external factors that influence the development of tiger grouper aquaculture by using floating net cage systems in Gampong Mee Pangwa, Trienggadeng District. The method used in the study is a survey method with a population of 23 farmers. The data used in this study are primary data and secondary data. The results showed that the benefits of tiger grouper aquaculture in floating net cage system were Rp. 47,289,583 per production period; and internal factors that influence the development of tiger grouper cultivation in floating net cages consist of strength factors namely business location, water quality, PEMDA support, low marketing costs, cheap seed prices. Weakness factors are lack of seed availability, and lack of human resources. External factors that influence the development of tiger grouper cultivation in floating net cages consist of opportunity factors, namely the value of grouper fish, high market share, large business opportunities, government policies. The threat factors are climate and security.Keywords: pond farmers, tiger grouper and floating net cages

A Numerical Parameter Study on Current Forces on Circular Aquaculture Net Cages

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trygve Kristiansen
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Current Velocity ◽  
Recent Experimental Data ◽  
Parameter Study ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Scaling Effects ◽  
Numerical Parameter ◽  
Solidity Ratio ◽  
Net Cage ◽  
Net Cages

The focus in this paper is on current forces on circular aquaculture nets, and how they vary with different parameters. The main parameters are current velocity and profile, solidity ratio of the net, sinker weights and net depth. The drag force on the net is calculated by a newly developed screen type force model. A subset of the calculations are validated by recent experimental data. The presented results are meant to represent a basis for discussing how current loads on a net cage vary with different environmental and strucural parameters. Scaling effects are discussed.

scholarly journals Impact of control of the golden mussel on the production costs of tilapia bred in net cages

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-115
Author(s):  
Jesaías Ismael COSTA ◽  
Maria Inez Espagnoli MARTINS ◽  
Daercy Maria Monteiro de Rezende AYROZA
Keyword(s):  
Production Costs ◽  
Net Cages ◽  
Golden Mussel

scholarly journals Pengaruh pemberian beberapa jenis pakan pada pertumbuhan ikan kerapu Cantang Epinephelus sp di Karamba Jaring Apung di Teluk Talengen Kepulauan Sangihe

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liswara S.N. Tumadang ◽  
Julius Sampekalo ◽  
Sartje Lantu
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Food Type ◽  
Food Conversion ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Fish Flesh ◽  
Highest Weight ◽  
Food Conversion Ratio ◽  
Net Cage ◽  
Net Cages

The research was conducted in floating net cage for at Talengen Island Sangihe to study the growth of grouper (46-70 g in average) fed various type of feed including fish flesh, pellet, cassava, sago) for six weeks, and to determine the food conversion ratio of each food type. The treatments consisted of A (fish flesh), B (fish flesh + cassava), C (fish flesh+sago), D (pellet). Fish was culture in 12 floating net cages measuring 1x1x1,5 m each, 10 fish/cage. Research results showed that the highest weight gain was achieved in fish in treatment C (87.6%), followed by treatment A (76.1%) , B (69.8%), and D (52.5%).  Statistically, treatment C was significantly different  compared to treatment A, B and D. The use of fish flesh combined with sago was able to improve growth of grouper Kata kunci : Kerapu Cantang,  growth, food conversion ratio, floating net cage

scholarly journals Extensive Net Cage Culture of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Fingerlings in Nutrient-enriched Pond

Our Nature ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
W. Jiwyam
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Supplemental Feeding ◽  
Cage Culture ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Net Cage ◽  
Net Cages

To investigate the potential of extensive net cage culture for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings, an experiment was conducted in net cages suspended in a fertilized pond. Mixed-sex population of Nile tilapia with an average initial body weight of 0.065 g was used to stock in experimental cages. Four treatments; non added-substrate without supplemental feeding (NSNF), non added-substrate with supplemental feeding (NSAF), added-substrate without supplemental feeding (ASNF), and added-substrate with supplemental feeding (ASAF) were tested. The results indicated that addition of substrates which gave an additional submerged surface area of approximately equal to the total cage surface area did not show significant effect on the growth (p > 0.05). The fish gross yield obtained from non added-substrate cages without supplemental feeding was 1.22 kg/m3 for a 56-day period.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/on.v10i1.7752

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