Perceived Stress, Optimism and Social Appearance Anxiety in Patients with Skin Diseases: A Comparative Study

Skin has long been recognised as “organ of expression”, according to Sack, as cited in (Walker & Papadopoulos, 2005) and serves as the boundary between ourselves and outside world. While the skin and central nervous system are ectodermal derivatives, a good part of an individual’s perception takes place through skin. Psychopathological factors can play a significant role in development of skin disorders, can exacerbate pre-existing skin disorders, or dermatology patients may suffer the psychosocial consequences of disfigurement. The purpose of the study was to compare patients with acne, psoriasis, and melanosis on perceived stress, cognitive emotional regulation and psychological general well-being and also to compare patients with skin disease with non-disease group. The study included 30 skin patients (acne =10, melanosis=10, psoriasis= 10) ages ranging from 20 to 40 years and 30 non disease individuals of same age group. Perceived stress scale, cognitive emotional regulation questionnaire, psychological general well-being inventory were administered to the patients. Analytical evaluation was done by independent t test and ANOVA. The results of the present study revealed that there is significant difference for perceived stress and psychological general well-being among skin patients and non-disease group. There is significant difference between psoriasis, melanosis and acne with respect to perceived stress and positive wellbeing. Psoriasis patients have comparatively higher perceived stress and acne patients have comparatively higher positive well-being. The study is to stimulate professionals working in the field of dermatology and mental health to explore their supportive communication and increased awareness regarding the difficulties that patients with skin diseases face.

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Personality Correlates of Optimism among Couples

International Journal of Indian Psychology ◽

10.25215/0304.214 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Naseem Ahmad ◽

Azmat Jahan ◽

Nasheed Imtiaz

Keyword(s):

Personality Traits ◽

Intervention Programs ◽

Test Results ◽

Life Orientation Test ◽

Life Orientation ◽

Eysenck Personality Inventory ◽

Personality Correlates ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Relationship ◽

Orientation Test

This study aimed to examine the relationship between optimism and personality traits (extraversion-introversion, emotional stability-neuroticism and psychoticism) among couples. The study sample consisted of 30 couples, N=60 (30 males and 30 females) with age ranging from 22 to 28 years were selected from the various places of Delhi NCR. For assessing personality traits, Eysenck Personality Inventory-Revised (EPI-R) by Hans Eysenck was employed and for assessing optimism, Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R) developed by Scheier, Carver, and Bridges (1994) was used. Results of the present study were analysed using Pearson-r correlation and t test. Results of study revealed that: there is a significant positive correlation between optimism and extraversion (personality traits), (r=.368) and no significant correlation between any other constructs of personality and optimism. Also, there is no significant difference found between male and female on any of the personality traits (extraversion, (t=.912); neuroticism, (t=-.134); and psychoticism, (t=-.423).) and optimism, (t=1.548). The study has important implications for intervention programs.

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Association of Optimism and Perceived Stress among Young Adults

International Journal of Indian Psychology ◽

10.25215/0902.207 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Ritika Joshi ◽

Pragya Joshi

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Future Research ◽

Life Orientation Test ◽

Life Orientation ◽

Spss Software ◽

And Coping ◽

Age Range ◽

The Relationship

Optimism is a part of positive psychology which leads to better adaptive and coping skills and reduced stress level in an individual. The aim of the present research was to study the association of optimism and perceived stress among young adults. The sample consisted of 170 young adults (79 males and 91 females) within the age range of 18 to 25 years. Purposive sampling technique was employed for collecting the data. The Perceived stress scale-10 (PSS; Cohen, Kamarack & Marmelstein, 1983) and Life Orientation Test- Revised (Scheir, Carver, & Bridges, 1994) was used for measuring perceived stress and optimism respectively. Correlation and t-test was found using IBM SPSS software. Findings suggested that optimism was negatively correlated with perceived stress. Females were found to score significantly higher on perceived stress levels than males. While the gender difference in optimism level was reported to be insignificant. Future research needs to be conducted on the relationship between gender and levels of optimism.

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Investigation of Social Appearance Anxiety in University Students

10.53350/pjmhs211551694 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 1694-1698

Author(s):

Semra Cetin ◽

Cuma Ece

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

University Students ◽

Art Education ◽

Anxiety Scale ◽

Weight Category ◽

Appearance Anxiety ◽

The Social ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Anxiety Levels ◽

Social Appearance Anxiety

The aim of this study is to investigate Social Appearance Anxiety in university students according to gender, type of faculty, grade level, body weight and height. The present study was conducted on students of Sakarya University who were between the ages of 17 and 25. 247 of the participants were female and 256 were male. The social appearance anxiety scale filled in by 503 students was evaluated. T-test, one-way analysis of variance and LSD tests were used in statistical operations. In this study, the Social appearance anxiety scale score was found to be slightly lower in women than in men in the comparison made by gender. This difference did not show a statistically significant difference according to gender (p>0.05). The social appearance anxiety score differs statistically significantly according to the type of education and training faculties (p<0.001). Social appearance anxiety changes significantly according to education level (p<0.001). It was found that the students who were satisfied with their body weight and height had lower social appearance anxiety than the students who were not satisfied. Social appearance anxiety varies according to height and body weight category (p<0.001). In conclusion, social appearance anxiety was found to be similar according to gender in this study. It differed according to the field of study of the students. The social appearance anxiety levels of the students receiving sports education are the lowest. Anxiety levels of students who receive art education are higher than those who receive sports education. The social appearance anxiety of the students who did not receive sports and art education is the highest. In order to reduce social appearance anxiety, students should be supported in sports and art education and practice. Keywords: University student, Social Appearance Anxiety, Sports, Education, Age and Height

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Personality, uses of music, and music preference: The influence of openness to experience and extraversion

Psychology of Music ◽

10.1177/0305735616658957 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 45 (3) ◽

pp. 338-354 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Elizabeth J. Vella ◽

Gregory Mills

Keyword(s):

Undergraduate Students ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Openness To Experience ◽

Music Preference ◽

Pop Music ◽

Life Orientation Test ◽

Life Orientation ◽

Metal Music ◽

Short Test ◽

The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether uses of music partially mediate the link between personality and music preference. Undergraduate students ( N = 122) completed the following scales: The Brief Big Five Inventory, The Uses of Music Inventory, The Short Test of Music Preference, The Life Orientation Test Revised, The Beck Depression Inventory, and the Perceived Stress Scale. Openness to experience positively predicted preferences for reflective-complex (RC; e.g., jazz/blues) and intense-rebellious (IR; e.g., rock/metal) music and was inversely related to upbeat-conventional (UC; e.g., country/pop) music, whereas extraversion was positively related to preferences for energetic-rhythmic (ER; e.g., rap/soul) and UC genres. A link between trait optimism and ER music preference was fully mediated by the more prominent extraversion trait. The relationship between openness to experience and RC music preference was partially mediated by cognitive uses of music, with a marginally significant analysis indicating partial mediation of emotional uses of music for openness to experience and IR music preference. Trait neuroticism, perceived stress, and depression scores all correlated positively with emotional uses of music. The current findings support studying personality contextually alongside uses of music when investigating music preference and shed light on how negative affect may inform emotional uses of music.

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Association of Optimism and Perceived Stress among Young Adults

10.31219/osf.io/9qncw ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ritika Joshi ◽

Pragya Joshi

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Future Research ◽

Life Orientation Test ◽

Life Orientation ◽

Spss Software ◽

And Coping ◽

Age Range ◽

The Relationship

Optimism is a part of positive psychology which leads to better adaptive and coping skills and reduced stress level in an individual. The aim of the present research was to study the association of optimism and perceived stress among young adults. The sample consisted of 170 young adults (79 males and 91 females) within the age range of 18 to 25 years. Purposive sampling technique was employed for collecting the data. The Perceived stress scale-10 (PSS; Cohen, Kamarack & Marmelstein, 1983) and Life Orientation Test- Revised (Scheir, Carver, & Bridges, 1994) was used for measuring perceived stress and optimism respectively. Correlation and t-test was found using IBM SPSS software. Findings suggested that optimism was negatively correlated with perceived stress. Females were found to score significantly higher on perceived stress levels than males. While the gender difference in optimism level was reported to be insignificant. Future research needs to be conducted on the relationship between gender and levels of optimism.

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The Effects of Sport Education and Fine Arts Education on Social Appearance Anxiety

Journal of Education and Training Studies ◽

10.11114/jets.v7i6.4147 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (6) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Egemen Ermiş ◽

Gülten Imamoğlu

Keyword(s):

Music Education ◽

Arts Education ◽

Fine Arts ◽

Anxiety Scale ◽

Sport Education ◽

Appearance Anxiety ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Scale Scores ◽

Social Appearance Anxiety ◽

Fine Arts Education

The purpose of this study is to compare the social appearance anxiety levels of university students studying in different fields. Social appearance anxiety scales which were filled in by 481 students were assessed in the study. T-test and one way ANOVA were used for statistical analysis, while LSD tests were used to find out differences.Social appearance anxiety scale scores were found to be higher in male students when compared with female students. No statistically significant difference was found between social appearance anxiety scale scores in terms of genders (p>0.05). In terms of field of education, social appearance anxiety scale scores of students receiving sport education were found to be lower than the scores of students receiving art and music education and the highest social appearance anxiety scale scores were found in students in the department of educational sciences. Statistically significant difference was found between social appearance anxiety scale scores in terms of field of education (p<0.001).As a conclusion, it was found that sport education caused a higher decrease in social appearance anxiety when compared with fine arts education, while fine arts education caused a decrease in social appearance anxiety when compared with students who received neither sport nor fine arts education. In terms of social appearance contribution, it is thought that art and music education have similar effects to those of sport. Giving sport education to students who are not receiving sport education or making them do sport and giving those interested in sport a chance to be interested in art can be a factor in decreasing social appearance anxiety.

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Exploring the Gender Difference and Predictors of Perceived Stress among Students Enrolled in Different Medical Programs: A Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17186647 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (18) ◽

pp. 6647

Author(s):

Carmenrita Infortuna ◽

Francesco Gratteri ◽

Andrew Benotakeia ◽

Sapan Patel ◽

Alex Fleischman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Doctoral Degrees ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Life Orientation Test ◽

Life Orientation ◽

Medical Programs

Female medical students seem to experience higher level of perceived stress. Moreover, there is a lack of research examining perceived stress in students enrolled in different medical programs. We analyzed the association between temperament traits, optimism, self-esteem, and perceived stress of students pursuing a Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree and students pursuing a Doctor of Podiatric Medicine (DPM) degree. A cross-sectional study was conducted of two cohorts: allopathic medical students (N = 154) and the podiatric medical students (N = 150). Students anonymously completed the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Auto Questionnaire (TEMPS-A), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and Life Orientation Test—Revised (LOT-R). We analyzed differences in the two cohort of students and predictors of perceived stress. There were no differences in the overall perception of stress between both cohorts (allopathic medical students: 18.83 ± 0.56; podiatric medical students: 19.3 ± 0.72; p = 0.4419). Women reported higher perceived stress in both programs (allopathic medical students: p = 0.0.038; podiatric medical students: p = 0.0.038). In both allopathic and podiatric medical students, the cyclothymic temperaments and anxious traits were positive predictors while hyperthymic temperaments and optimism traits were negative predictors of perceived stress. The level of perceived stress experienced by students pursuing different doctoral degrees in healthcare is similar. Regardless of the curriculum differences, female students experience higher perceived stress and there is evidence for similarities in predictors amongst allopathic and podiatric medical students.

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Optimisme dan Distres Psikologis pada Perawat Selama Pandemi Covid-19

Jurnal Smart Keperawatan ◽

10.34310/jskp.v8i1.418 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 14

Author(s):

Dian Agusti Tanjung ◽

Emil Huriani ◽

Dally Rahman

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Life Orientation Test ◽

General Anxiety Disorder ◽

General Anxiety ◽

Life Orientation ◽

Patient Health ◽

The Individual ◽

Orientation Test

Salah satu dampak psikologis yang ditemui saat pandemi Covid-19 adalah distres psikologis yang dialami tenaga kesehatan khususnya perawat. Distres psikologis memunculkan efek membahayakan bagi individu seperti, tuntutan berlebihan yang menguras energi individu sehingga membuat individu menjadi lebih mudah sakit.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan ruang bertugas dan optimisme dengan distres psikologis yang meliputi stres, kecemasan dan depresi pada perawat selama pandemi Covid-19 di RS Paru Provinsi Sumatera Barat tahun 2020. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskripsi korelatif, dengan populasi 35 perawat. Optimisme diukur dengan kuesioner Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R), stres diukur dengan kuesioner Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), kecemasan diukur dengan kuesioner General Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), dan depresi diukur dengan kuesioner Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara ruang bertugas dengan distres psikologis yaitu stres, kecemasan dan depresi pada perawat selama pandemi Covid-19 dengan nilai p= 0.003 (stres), p= 0.008 (kecemasan), p= 0.046 (depresi) dengan p<0,05. Serta terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara optimisme dengan distres psikologis yaitu stres, kecemasan dan depresi pada perawat selama pandemi Covid-19 dengan nilai p= <0,05. Disarankan pada pihak manajemen keperawatan di rumah sakit perlu meningkatkan program manajemen stres bagi tenaga keperawatan, sehingga dapat meminimalisir adanya distres psikologis yang diterima perawat.Kata Kunci: distres psikologis; optimisme; ruang bertugas OPTIMISM AND PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS IN NURSES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ABSTRACT The psychological impact that is encountered during the Covid-19 pandemic is the psychological distress experienced by health workers, especially nurse. Psychological distress has harmful effects on the individual who experiences it, such as unpleasant or excessive demands that drain the individual's energy, making it easier for the individual to get sick. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between department and optimism with psychological distress including perceived stress, anxiety and depression in nurses and to determine the distress that nurses felt during the Covid-19 pandemic at the Pulmonology Hospital West Sumatera in 2020. The type of study was a descriptive correlative, with a population of 35 nurses. Optimization was measured using the Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R) questionnaire, perceived stress was measured by the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) questionnaire, anxiety was measured using the General Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) questionnaire, and depression was measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). The results showed that there is a significant relationship between department and psychological distress, perceived stress, anxiety and depression in nurses during the Covid-19 pandemic with a value of p <0.05. And there is a significant relationship between optimism and psychological distress, perceived stress, anxiety and depression in nurses during the Covid-19 pandemic. It is suggested that the nursing management at the hospital needs to increase the stress management program for nursing personnel, so that it can minimize the psychological distress received by nurses.Keywords: department; optimism; psychological distress

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Examining the Relation Between the Fear of Negative Evaluation and the Anxiety for Social Appearance in Folk Dancers

Journal of Education and Training Studies ◽

10.11114/jets.v6i3.2916 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 59 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Pınar Karacan Doğan

Keyword(s):

Anxiety Scale ◽

Middle Level ◽

Negative Evaluation ◽

Fear Of Negative Evaluation ◽

Survey Method ◽

Folk Dance ◽

Appearance Anxiety ◽

The Social ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Social Appearance Anxiety

The purpose of this study was to analyze and examine the relationship between the fear of negative evaluation and the anxiety for social appearance in folk dancers. The relational survey method was used in the study. “The Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation (BFNE) Scale”, which was developed by Leary (1983) and the “Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS)”, which was developed by Hart et al. (2008) were used as the data collection tools in the study. The participants of this study consisted of 215 volunteer folk dancers who were selected with random sampling method in Interuniversity Folk Dances Championship in 2016-2017.When the findings obtained in the study were examined in terms of demographical variables, there was significant difference in the gender, income levels and folk dance experience. According to the scores obtained in the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale, it was determined that the dancers who spent most of their life at their villages, who had middle-level income, who were female, and who had less folk dance experience had higher average values. According to the correlation results between the scales, it was determined that there is a positive and high-level relation between social appearance anxiety and the fear of negative evaluation.

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