scholarly journals Prospek Pengembangan Agroforestri Berbasis Kopi di Indonesia

Perspektif ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
HANDI SUPRIADI ◽  
DIBYO PRANOWO
Keyword(s):  
Venture Capital ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Community Forestry ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Central Java ◽  
The Status ◽  
Income Development ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Role Based

<div><p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Keterbatasan lahan pertanian mendorong masyarakat/ petani membuka lahan baru di kawasan hutan, dengan cara menebang dan membongkar tanaman hutan serta membakar sisa-sisa tanaman dan semak belukar, akibatnya lahan menjadi kritis. Salah satu upaya untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut adalah melalui penerapan sistem agroforestri berbasis kopi. Agroforestri berbasis kopi yang sudah dikembangkan petani berperan dalam : (1) Konservasi lahan, air dan keanekaragaman hayati, (2) Penambahan unsur hara lahan, (3) Pengendalian iklim mikro, (4) Penambahan cadangan karbon (5) Menekan serangan hama dan penyakit dan (6) Peningkatan pendapatan petani. Agroforestri berbasis kopi telah dipraktekkan oleh petani pada berbagai wilayah di Indonesia, diantaranya di Lampung Barat (pola hutan kemasyarakatan dan hutan desa), Jawa Barat dan Jawa Tengah (pola pengelolaan hutan bersama masyarakat). Tantangan/masalah yang dijumpai pada agroforestri berbasis kopi diantaranya (1) Tingkat pengetahun petani tentang budidaya agroforestri berbasis kopi yang masih rendah, (2) Terbatasnya modal usaha dan (3) Ketidakpastian status lahan usaha. Upaya untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut dapat dilalukan melalui pelatihan dan pendampingan teknologi budidaya, bantuan modal usaha dan kepastian hukum status lahan. Pengembangan agroforesti berbasis kopi diarahkan pada dikawasan hutan milik Perum Perhutani, hutan kemasyarakan (HKm) dan hutan desa (HD) yang luasnya masing-masing 2.250.172; 2.500.000 dan 500.000 ha. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi peran agroforestri berbasis kopi terhadap lingkungan, dan ekonomi petani serta prospek pengembangannya di Indonesia.<br />Kata kunci: Tanaman kopi, agroforestri, tanaman penaung, lingkungan, pendapatan, pengembangan<br /><br />ABSTRACT<br />Prospects of Agroforestry Development Based on Coffee in Indonesia</p><p>Limitations of agricultural land to encourage people/ farmers open up new land in forest areas, by felling tree forests and forcing open plants and burning the remains of plants and shrubs as a result of land being serious critical. One effort to over come the problem is through the implementation of a coffee-based agroforestry systems. Role-based on agroforestry coffee farmers that have been developed, by farmers involve on (1) Conserve land, water and biodiversity, (2) Add of nutrients lands, (3) Control of microclimate, (4) Add of carbon stocks (5) Suppress pests and diseases, and (6) Enhancement to the income of farmers. Coffee-based agroforestry has been practiced by farmers in various regions in Indonesia, including in West Lampung (patterns of community forestry and forest villages), West Java and Central Java (forest management with communities). Challenge/problems encountered in the coffee-based agroforestry include (1) The level of knowledge of farmers on the cultivation of coffee-based agroforestry still low, (2) Lack of venture capital and (3) The uncertainty of the status of business land. Efforts to overcome these problems can through training and mentoring cultivation technology, venture capital assistance and legal certainty of land status. Development direction of coffee-based agroforestry can be done conduct of region-owned Perum Perhutani, community forestry (CF) and village forest (VF) which covers each 2.250.172; 2.500.000 and 500.000 ha. This paper aims to identify the role of coffee-based agroforestry on the environment, and the economy of farmers and development prospect in Indonesia.<br />Keywords: Coffee sp., agroforestry, shade plants, environment, income, development</p></div>

scholarly journals PENGUSAHAAN DAN KELEMBAGAAN LAHAN PERTANIAN DI BERBAGAI AGROEKOSISTEM (KASUS DESA-DESA PATANAS)

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-40
Author(s):  
. Supadi
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Technical Problem ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Production Factor ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Central Java ◽  
The Status

In trying to get his land the farmer must consider the technical problem, economical and social the culture, the exploitation of agriculture always was linked with what will be produced, how many, here, when, how and where is distributed him.  The utilization of the farmer's land as the production factor that was most important in the farming really was influenced by the relations kind between humankind and his land because will be related to in continuation of his farming. The land that was made an effort to get could take the form of his property personally or property of the other person. This research was aimed at identifying and analyzing the exploitation and institutional the agricultural land in rural areas. The method used was survey that was carried out in 12 Patanas villages that were spread in Lampung, West Java, Central Java, East Java, South Sulawesi, and NTB. In three villages, 25 farm households were selected. Results of the research showed the growth index reached 200 to 300, except in the paddy-field land where its irrigation was rotated and in dryland that was cultivated with cassava. The farmer used the superior variety seed, but did not yet apply balanced fertilizing. Fertilizing exceeded the recomendation whereas for other fertilizer (P05 and K20) and relative manure utilization was still under recommendation, in fact some farmers did not use. The productivity of the crop in the rainy season (rice and corn) higher was compared to dry season, except for the potato. Generally the farmer used capital personally, “YARNEN” system was an alternative that often was followed. The price of agricultural product was fluctuating in which the price of the dry season tended to be higher than in the rainy season, the status of the farmer was dominated by owner followed by the sharecropper and the leaser. The sharecropper and the leaser always did not come from the group landless because of the owner, also entered the rented market and sharecropper. The rented system that more stressed the aspect of economics than social more prominent in production centers of the potato. Key word: farming, institutional the land, agroecosystem

scholarly journals Agroforestry Systems and Their Contribution to Supplying Forest Products to Communities in the Chure Range, Central Nepal

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 358
Author(s):  
Deepa Khadka ◽  
Anisha Aryal ◽  
Kishor Prasad Bhatta ◽  
Bed Prakash Dhakal ◽  
Himlal Baral
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Community Forestry ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Local People ◽  
Dominant Form ◽  
Small Unit ◽  
Participatory Forest Management ◽  
The Status

Agroforestry (AF), an integration of agricultural and/or pastureland and trees, is a powerful tool for the maximization of profit from a small unit of land; however, it has been less well explored and recognized by existing policies. AF could be the best approach to conserving the fragile soils of Chure and to supplying subsistence needs to the local people. This study endeavored to understand how the adoption of various AF practices contributed to people’s livelihoods in the Bakaiya rural municipality of Makawanpur District. To achieve this, 5 focus group discussions, 10 key informant interviews and 100 household surveys were conducted. These were analyzed using various statistical analysis tools: Kruskal–Wallis test, Games–Howell post hoc comparison test and Wilcoxon test. Thematic analysis was employed to understand the status and growth process of AF in the study area. Of three different AF systems used in the area, agri-silviculture was found to be the dominant form. Local people derived forest products, especially fuelwood, fodder and leaf litter from AF, where agri-silvi-pasture was most common. The three AF systems studied here were in turn compared with community forestry (CF), which is a participatory forest management system overseen by the community. People derived almost 75% of fuelwood from CF, whereas in the case of fodder and leaf litter, contributions from CF and AF were almost equal. Despite the potentiality of AF in fulfilling the demands of local people, promotional and development activities were lacking. This study recommends a strong collaboration of local people and concerned stakeholders for the promotion and technical facilitation of AF systems.

scholarly journals Aplikasi Teknologi Budidaya Buah Naga untuk Daerah Pesisir di Kelurahan Kalijaga, Kecamatan Harjamukti, Kota Cirebon

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Sudarjat Sudarjat ◽  
Erni Suminar ◽  
Muhammad Abdilah Hasan Qanit ◽  
Syariful Mubarok
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
West Java ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Fruit Cultivation ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Distribution Process ◽  
Cultivation Technology

APPLICATION OF DRAGON FRUIT CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY FOR COASTAL AREAS IN KALIJAGA VILLAGE, HARJAMUKTI DISTRICT, CIREBON CITY. Dragon fruit is one of the growing fruit commodities and is widely known in Indonesia. The distribution process has reached all of Indonesia. The development of dragon fruit in West Java itself is still said to be low, so it is necessary to increase or open a new area for the cultivation process which directly helps in terms of land and water conservation. In West Java alone, one location that has the potential to become a dragon fruit cultivation area is the City of Cirebon. Cirebon City is a strategic city that connects West Java and Central Java. However, the condition of the land in Cirebon is mostly unproductive. So it is necessary to find ways to increase the productivity of the land, namely through the application of technology to cultivate dragon fruit plants in coastal areas. To increase public awareness to reproduce agricultural land in the area, one of them is the process of mentoring the introduction of suitable types of plants grown in the area and appropriate cultivation technology for the area. The area that will be used as partners for this activity is Kalijaga Village, Kec. Harjamukti by involving two farmer groups, Sekar Maju, and Sidemung. The method that will be carried out in this assistance is the process of counseling, practice and making demonstration plots of dragon fruit planting that can be used as a learning tool in the area. From the results of the counseling, it was seen that the community's enthusiasm was high to want to know more about dragon fruit and how to cultivate dragon fruit in the area, so that dragon fruit in the area could develop.

scholarly journals Agroforestry Systems of the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley: Land Use for Biocultural Diversity Conservation

Land ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Mariana Vallejo ◽  
M. Isabel Ramírez ◽  
Alejandro Reyes-González ◽  
Jairo López-Sánchez ◽  
Alejandro Casas
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Biocultural Diversity ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Visual Interpretation ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Human Settlements

The Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley, Mexico, is the semiarid region with the richest biodiversity of North America and was recently recognized as a UNESCO's World Heritage site. Original agricultural practices remain to this day in agroforestry systems (AFS), which are expressions of high biocultural diversity. However, local people and researchers perceive a progressive decline both in natural ecosystems and AFS. To assess changes in location and extent of agricultural land use, we carried out a visual interpretation of very-high resolution imagery and field work, through which we identified AFS and conventional agricultural systems (CAS) from 1995 to 2003 and 2012. We analyzed five communities, representative of three main ecological and agricultural zones of the region. We assessed agricultural land use changes in relation to conspicuous landscape features (relief, rivers, roads, and human settlements). We found that natural ecosystems cover more than 85% of the territory in each community, and AFS represent 51% of all agricultural land. Establishment and permanence of agricultural lands were strongly influenced by gentle slopes and the existence of roads. Contrary to what we expected, we recorded agricultural areas being abandoned, thus favoring the regeneration of natural ecosystems, as well as a 9% increase of AFS over CAS. Agriculture is concentrated near human settlements. Most of the studied territories are meant to preserve natural ecosystems, and traditional AFS practices are being recovered for biocultural conservation.

scholarly journals Does Traditional Agroforestry a Sustainable Production System in Bangladesh? An Analysis of Socioeconomic and Ecological Perspectives

Conservation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-35
Author(s):  
Kazi Kamrul Islam ◽  
Mohammad Saifullah ◽  
Kimihiko Hyakumura
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
The Social ◽  
Traditional Agroforestry ◽  
Benefit Cost

In the tropics, products and services provided by the traditional agroforestry systems (TAS) support the basic needs and promote the livelihood of millions of rural people. However, the outcomes and mitigation of TAS, in particular, the social and environmental issues are not systematically addressed. Thus, the objective of the study was to assess the economic, social and environmental outcomes of two important TAS in Bangladesh. This study reports results on prospective analyses using the Date palm and Jackfruit-based TAS practiced in the Jashore and Mymensingh districts of Bangladesh. The results revealed that the TAS enhanced farm productivity and the benefit–cost ratio of both systems were much higher than the general agricultural practices in Bangladesh. The TAS also improved resilience of rural farmers through more efficient water utilization, enhancing soil fertility, improving microclimate, controlling pests and diseases, and diversifying products. At the same time, the farmers’ problems were neglected due to the absence of farmers’ platforms, and also tradeoffs may arise; thus, the social aspects of the TAS farmers had not developed equally. Therefore, the study would recommend minimizing the tradeoffs through enhancing the conservation strategies at farmers’ levels to make the TAS more viable and sustainable land-use practices.

scholarly journals The impact of mangrove damage on tidal flooding in the subdistrict of Tugu, Semarang, Central Java

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3093-3105
Author(s):  
Westi Utami ◽  
Yuli Ardianto Wibowo ◽  
Ahmad Haris Hadi ◽  
Fajar Buyung Permadi
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Spatiotemporal Analysis ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Algorithm ◽  
Tidal Flooding ◽  
Mangrove Area ◽  
Central Java ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Natural Barrier ◽  
Mangrove Conservation

Expansion of industrial areas, aquaculture, settlements, and limited knowledge of the community about the function of mangroves allegedly led to the conversion of mangrove functions in the early 1990s. This study aimed to map the condition of mangroves from 1988, 1990, 1995, 2008, to 2021 and their effect on the widespread of tidal flooding in three villages (Mangkang Kulon, Mangunharjo, Mangkang Wetan) in Tugu subdistrict, Semarang City. The research method was carried out by using spatiotemporal analysis of Landsat 5 and Landsat 8 imagery through the supervised approach (Maximum Likelihood algorithm). In order to map the correlation of mangrove damage with the widespread impact of tidal flooding, an overlay analysis of land use maps was carried out in 1988, 1990, 1995, 2008 and 2021. The results of the study showed that mangrove damage is correlated with the widespread of tidal flooding that drowns settlements, ponds, and agricultural land. Data analysis showed that the mangrove area in three villages has decreased from 1988 to 2021, covering an area of 242.66 ha. This condition is one of the triggers for the increase in tidal flooding area from 1988 to 2021, covering an area of 253.135 ha. As a natural barrier to prevent abrasion and tidal flooding, mangrove conservation is very necessary, considering the impact of tidal flooding on the coast of Semarang City is increasingly widespread.

scholarly journals Strategi Pengembangan Lada (Studi Kasus Kelompok Tani Indatu di Desa Blang Panyang Kecamatan Muara Satu Kota Lhokseumawe)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 142-155
Author(s):  
Auzan Syahmi ◽  
Irwan Irwan ◽  
Romano Romano
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Factors Analysis ◽  
Strategic Factors ◽  
Rot Disease

Abstrak . Lada merupakan salah satu  tanaman rempah-rempah yang berasal dari tanaman perkebunan yang sangat terkenal dahulu di Aceh. Khususnya Petani lada di Aceh saat ini sudah mulai memperhatikan lada untuk dikembangkan dengan tujuan meningkatkan pendapatan dan kesejahteraan. Dengan kata lain, Lada menjadi komoditi primadona yang banyak diminati di perdagangan dunia. Karena berbagai negara menggunakan lada ini sebagai bumbu dapur masakan. Disisi lain disebabkan berkembangnya usaha makanan, berkembangnya industri farmasi, kosmetika yang menggunakan lada sebagai salah satu bahan baku, meningkatnya konsumsi dunia, konsumsi dalam negeri semakin meningkat dengan bertambahnya produk-produk industri makanan berbasis lada. Akibat permintaan lada yang tinggi menyebabkan terjadinya masalah bagi petani Aceh dalam keterbatasan produksi lada. Salah satunya lahan pertanian dikonversikan menjadi non pertanian seperti perumahan, gedung dan pertokoan. Sehingga lahan pertanian menjadi berkurang dan menjadi masalah bagi petani lada sendiri dalam mengembangkan lada. Penyebab masalah lain juga yang akibat hama dan penyakit terutama penyakit layu, penyakit keriting daun serta penyakit busuk pangkal batang. Tujuan Penelitian untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang diperhatikan pada pengembangan lada, serta mengetahui strategi pengembangan lada yang tepat. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode studi kasus. Teknik Pengumpulan data digunakan dengan pendekatan wawancara. Hasil analisis  menunjukkan faktor internal yang  mempengaruhi usaha pengembangan lada adalah bibit, pestisida, sumber daya alam, pupuk, dan sumber daya manusia. Sedangkan faktor eksternal yang mempengaruhinya adalah pemerintah, pasar, harga, pesaing, hama dan penyakit. Berdasarkan hasil analisis SWOT didapatkan nilai IFAS (Internal Strategic Factors Analysis Summary)  sebesar 1,756 dan EFAS (Eksternal Strategic Factors Analysis Summary)  sebesar 2,773 berada pada kuadran I , maka  strategi pengembangan yang cocok untuk strategi pengembangan lada adalah  strategi agresif  yang artinya usaha tersebut sangat dimungkinkan untuk terus berkembang, meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan meraih kemajuan secara maksimal, dimana strategi agresif ini merupakan kondisi yang sangat menguntungkan, peluang dan kekuatan begitu besar sehingga pelaku usaha bisa memanfaatkan peluang dan kekuatan yang ada secara maksimal.Strategy of pepper development (case study of indatu farmer group in blang panyang village sub-district estuary one, Lhokseumawe City) Abstract. Pepper is one of the most popular herbs from Aceh plantations. Especially pepper farmers in Aceh are now starting to pay attention to pepper to be developed with the aim of increasing income and welfare. In other words, Pepper became the most popular commodity in the world trade. Because various countries use this pepper as a spice cooking kitchen. On the other hand, due to the development of food business, the development of pharmaceutical industry, cosmetics using pepper as one of the raw materials, the increasing of world consumption, domestic consumption is increasing with the increase of pepper based food industry products. As a result of high pepper demand causes problems for Acehnese farmers in the limitations of pepper production. One of them agricultural land converted into non-agricultural such as housing, buildings and shops. So that agricultural land becomes reduced and become a problem for pepper farmers themselves in developing pepper. Other causes of problems are also caused by pests and diseases, especially wilt disease, leaf curling disease and stem rot disease. Research Objectives to determine the factors that are considered in the development of pepper, as well as to know the appropriate pepper development strategy. The research method used is case study method. Technique Data collection is used with interview approach. The results of the analysis show that the internal factors affecting pepper development are seeds, pesticide, natural resources, fertilizer and human resources. While on external factors that include government, markets,prices, competitors,pest and diseases. Based on the result of SWOT analysis, the value of IFAS (Internal Strategic Factors Analysis Summary) of 1.756 and EFAS (External Strategic Factors Analysis Summary) of 2.773 are in quadrant I, then a suitable development strategy for pepper development strategy is aggressive strategy which means the business is very possible To continue to grow, to increase growth and to achieve maximum progress, where aggressive strategy is a very favorable condition, opportunities and strength so large that business actors can take advantage of opportunities and strengths that exist maximally.

scholarly journals Jhum Cultivation Influence the Degradation of Hilly Environment

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-344
Author(s):  
AS Chakma ◽  
BS Nahar
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Shifting Cultivation ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Income Status ◽  
Hill Slope ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
The Status ◽  
Day By Day

This study was designed to identify the status of shifting (jhum) cultivation and its impact on environment in Rangamati district. A total 55 jhum cultivators were selected on the basis of purposive sampling technique from 5 upazillas of Rangamati district. Data were collected during the period October to December, 2009. The researcher collected information himself using direct and open questionnaire. The study revealed that most of the jhum cultivators were middle age (30-50 years), with illiterate (47.27%) and main occupation possessing jhum cultivation. The present status of agricultural land (hill/slope) of jhumia family in the studied area, about 60% of the respondents have only 1-2 acres of land for jhum cultivation and 25% of the respondents have 2.1-3 acres of land. The use of agro-chemical remains limited in the CHT. This is mainly because of financial constraints, lack of market access, and low requirement of chemical for traditional jhum cultivation. The maximum percentage of irrigation (74.55%) was mainly depended on rainfed in jhum cultivation. On the other hand about 45.55% respondents were responded that their income status were medium through shifting cultivation, 30.90% were responded high. Similarly in the study area it was found that a majority (45.45%) portion of respondents were responded that labour utilization in shifting cultivation was medium. This study also found that the environment was degraded gradually day by day. The maximum respondents (94.55%) had given opinion that deforestation was the major environmental problem created by shifting cultivation, 74.55% respondents had given opinion that shifting cultivation accelerated loss of top soil and 60.00% respondents had given opinion that lost of wild animals was occurring due to shifting cultivation. Biodiversity also degraded mostly. Excluding shifting cultivation there were many reasons of environmental degradation in the study area. Population growth is considered by 90% of the respondents as a major factor causing severe degradation of environment. Indiscriminate forest fire was responsible for environmental degradation. In addition cutting of hill, collection of soil, and extraction of stone, river erosion and land slide as responsible for degradation of environment. The study recommended that new methods must be developed, applied, and tested for sustainable management of jhum cultivation and environmental protection.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i2.14840 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(2): 339-344 2012

scholarly journals Penampilan Beberapa Klon Bawang Merah dan Hubungannya dengan Intensitas Serangan Organisme Pengganggu Tumbuhan

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 349
Author(s):  
Sartono Putrasamedja ◽  
Wiwin Setiawati ◽  
L Lukman ◽  
Ahsol Hasyim
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Exigua ◽  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Action Threshold ◽  
Alternaria Porri ◽  
New Varieties

<p>Perkembangan varietas-varietas bawang merah di suatu daerah ditentukan oleh keserasian dengan lingkungan, potensi hasil, toleransi terhadap serangan organisme pengganggu tumbuhan (OPT), serta umur dan mutu hasil. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menguji penampilan beberapa klon bawang merah dan hubungannya dengan intensitas serangan OPT penting. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Brebes dan Tegal (Jawa Tengah) dari Bulan Juni sampai dengan September 2011. Perlakuan yang diuji ialah 10 klon bawang merah hasil silangan tahun 2004 dan 2005, serta dua varietas bawang merah sebagai pembanding (Bauji dan Bima Brebes). Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan ialah acak kelompok dan diulang tiga kali. Parameter yang diamati ialah pertumbuhan tanaman (tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan jumlah anakan), hasil panen, dan serangan OPT penting. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa klon no. 2005/1 dapat beradaptasi dengan baik di Brebes dan Tegal, mampu menghasilkan produksi tertinggi masing-masing sebesar 9,95 dan 17,50 t/ha, mempunyai diameter umbi terbesar (1,87 dan 2,41 cm), bentuk umbi bulat, dan berwarna merah tua, sedangkan klon no. 2004/11 mempunyai pertumbuhan dan  produktivitas yang tinggi, relatif toleran terhadap serangan Spodoptera exigua, Alternaria porri, dan Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, diameter umbi (1,67 dan 1,96 cm), bentuk umbi bulat,  dan berwarna merah tua, sedangkan klon no. 2004/10 dan no. 2005/19 sangat rentan terhadap serangan hama S. exigua, penyakit A. porri, dan C. gloeosporioides. Klon-klon yang mempunyai tingkat serangan rendah/toleran terhadap OPT merupakan klon harapan bawang merah toleran/tahan OPT. Namun demikian, penggunaan pestisida sesuai dengan konsep pengendalian hama terpadu (PHT) masih tetap diperlukan terutama apabila serangan OPT tersebut mencapai ambang pengendalian yang ditetapkan.</p><p> </p><p>The development of shallots varieties in one location depends on the genetic adaptability, yield potential,  tolerance to pest and diseases, harvest date, yield and quality. The aim of study was to evaluate 10 clones and two local clones as check, Bima Brebes and Bauji were conducted in Brebes and Tegal (Central Java) from June to September 2011. The trial were laid out in a completely randomized block design and each treatment was replicated three times. The parameters used for evaluating these clones were plant height, no. of sprout,  no. of leaves, yield and pests and diseases incidence. The results showed that considering overall performance, clone no. 2005/1 gave the highest yield (9.95 and 17.50 t/ha), and diameter of bulb (1.87 and 2.41 cm) in Brebes and Tegal respectively, clone no. 2004/11 produced growth and good yield  and showed tolerance to Spodoptera exigua, Alternaria porri, and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, bulb diameter (1.67 and 1.96 cm) with dark red color,  while clone no. 2004/10 and no. 2005/19 were identified as the most susceptible clones to S. exigua, A. porri, and C. gloeosporioides. This suggests that some of shallots clones could be good candidates for the new varieties of shallots. However, the use of pesticides in IPM concept were still needed especially if the incidence of pests and diseases reach the action threshold.</p>

scholarly journals The Effect of Rhizobium japonicum on the Growth of Soybean Cultivars in Coastal Area

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Okti Purwaningsih ◽  
C. Tri Kusumastuti ◽  
Y. Sulistyo Nugroho ◽  
Casper Yoda Morib
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Area ◽  
Root Nodule ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Rhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Soybean Plants

The natural resources of the coastal area in Indonesia have the potential to be developed as an agricultural land with the support of both cultivation technology and land processing,  which one of them was done by using Rhizobium japonicum bacteria to meet the need of nitrogen in the soybean plants. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of nitrogen fixation in various soybean cultivars planted in the coastal area. The research was conducted in Mancingan, Parangtritis, Kretek, Bantul, DIY. The study was designed in Completely Randomized Design which consisted of two factors and was repeated three times. Factor I was Rhizobium japonicum inoculation (with inoculation and without inoculation); factor II was 10 various cultivars of soybean (Grobogan, Burangrang, Argomulyo, Anjasmara, Dena 1, Gema, Kaba, Wilis, Sinabung, Gepak Kuning). The results showed that the inoculation of Rhizobium japonicum in soybean cultivars in a coastal area could increase the number of root nodule, dry weight of root nodule, dry seed weight per plant, and harvest index. Burangrang cultivar planted in the coastal area was the most responsive to Rhizobium japonicum inoculation among other soybean cultivars tested.

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