scholarly journals Prognostic potential of pre-partum blood biochemical and immune variables for postpartum mastitis risk in dairy cows

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruowei Guan ◽  
Diming Wang ◽  
Beibei Wang ◽  
Luyi Jiang ◽  
Jianxin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Transition Cows ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background: Mastitis is the most frequent diseases for transition cows. Identification of potential biomarkers for diagnosis of mastitis is important for its prevention. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate blood variables related to lipid metabolism, oxidative stress and inflammation, and serum variables that are related to health in postpartum cows. Results: Seventy-six healthy Holstein dairy cows at week 4 before calving were selected to collect blood samples from weeks -4 to 4 weekly relative to calving, respectively. Milk yield and composition were recorded weekly. According to the cut-off of somatic cell counts (SCC) for diagnosis of mastitis, 33 cows with SCC ≥ 500,000 cells ml-1, 20 cows with 200,000 cells ≤ SCC < 500,000 cells ml-1, and 23 cows with SCC < 200,000 cells ml-1 were defined as high, middle, and low SCC, respectively. Serum concentrations of β-hydroxybutyrate were higher (P < 0.01) during all weeks, and non-esterified fatty acids were higher in high SCC than in low SCC cows from weeks -3 to 2 relative to calving. Higher serum concentrations of superoxide dismutase (P < 0.01) and lower malondialdehyde levels (P < 0.01) in low SCC than in high SCC cows indicate that the latter suffered from oxidative stress. The difference analysis of the three groups suggested that none of the above-mentioned variables can be used as potential prognostic candidates. On the other hand, high SCC cows exhibited higher blood neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR, P < 0.01) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR, P < 0.01) than low SCC cows, with a higher NLR (P < 0.01) in middle SCC than in low SCC cows. The high SCC cows had lower levels of anti-inflammatory factors including IL-10 (P = 0.05), but higher levels of proinflammatory factors such as IL-6 (P < 0.01), TNF-α (P < 0.05), and PSGL-1 (P < 0.01) than low SCC cows.Conclusions: The significantly different NLR and PLR pre-partum between the middle and low SCC cows suggest their prognostic potential for postpartum mastitis risk.

scholarly journals Prognostic potential of pre-partum blood biochemical and immune variables for postpartum mastitis risk in dairy cows

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruowei Guan ◽  
Diming Wang ◽  
Beibei Wang ◽  
Luyi Jiang ◽  
Jianxin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Transition Cows ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Tnf Α

Abstract Background Mastitis is one of the most frequent diseases for transition cows, causing significant economic losses. Identification of potential biomarkers for diagnosis of mastitis is important for its prevention. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate alterations in blood inflammatory cells and serum variables that are related to health in postpartum cows. Results Seventy-six healthy Holstein dairy cows at week 4 before calving were selected. Blood samples were collected at weeks -4, -3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3 and 4 relative to calving, respectively. Milk yield and composition were recorded weekly. According to the cutoff of somatic cell counts (SCC) for diagnosis of mastitis, 33 cows with SCC ≥ 500,000 ml -1 , 22 cows with 200,000 ≤ SCC < 500,000 ml -1 , and 23 cows with SCC < 200,000 ml -1 were defined as high, middle, and low SCC, respectively. Serum concentrations of β-hydroxybutyrate were higher ( P < 0.01) during all weeks, and non-esterified fatty acids were elevated from weeks -3 to 2 relative to calving in high SCC cows compared to low SCC cows. Higher serum concentrations of superoxide dismutase ( P < 0.01) and lower malondialdehyde levels ( P < 0.01) in low SCC than in high SCC cows indicate that the latter suffered from oxidative stress. In addition, high SCC cows exhibited higher blood neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR, P < 0.01) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR, P < 0.01) than low SCC cows, with a higher NLR ( P < 0.01) in middle SCC than in low SCC cows. The high SCC cows had lower levels of anti-inflammatory factors including IL-10 ( P = 0.05), CD4 ( P < 0.01) and CD8 ( P < 0.01), but higher levels of proinflammatory factors such as IL-6 ( P < 0.01), TNF-α ( P < 0.05), and PSGL-1 ( P < 0.01) than low SCC cows, leading to the elevated NLR and PLR in high SCC cows. Conclusions The significantly different NLR and PLR pre-partum between the middle and low SCC cows suggest their prognostic potential for postpartum mastitis risk

Osteocalcin prevents insulin resistance, hepatic inflammation and autophagy associated with high-fat diet induced fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome in aged laying hens

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoling Wu ◽  
Xinyu Zou ◽  
Mi Zhang ◽  
Haiqiang Hu ◽  
Xueliang Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Tnf Α

Abstract Background: Osteocalcin (OCN), as an energy-regulating hormone, involves in preventing nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Laying hens have been used as an animal model for investigating liver function and related metabolic disordersas that the synthesis of fat in laying hens is much faster than in mammals with limited adipose tissue. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of OCN on fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS) in aged laying hens. Methods: Thirty 68-week-old White Plymouth laying hens were randomly assigned into conventional single-bird cages, and the cages were randomly allocated into one of three treatments: normal diet (ND + vehicle , ND+V), high-fat diet (HFD + vehicle, HFD+V), and HFD + OCN (3 μg/bird, 1 time/2 days, i.m.) for 40 days. At experimental day 30, oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) and insulin tolerance tests (ITT) were performed. At the end of experiment, the hens were euthanized followed blood collection. The plasma aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured using an automatic biochemistry analyzer. Pathological changes in the liver were examined under both light and transmission electron microscopes. The plasma inflammatory factors including interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, and tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) were analyzed by ELISA, and the gene expressions of these inflammatory factors in the liver were analyzed by Real-time PCR. And oxidative stress was evaluated using Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) assay kits. Results: The results showed HFD hens had more severe liver haemorrhage and fibrosis than ND hens. The ultra-microstructural examination showed that hepatocytes of HFD hens appeared necrotic pyknosis associated with great intracellular electron, mitochondrial swelling, shrunk nucleus and absence of autolysosomes. OCN mitigated these pathological changes by improved HFD hens’ insulin resistance via alleviating the glucose intolerence and improving insulin sensitivity; inhibited HFD-induced oxidative stress as evidenced by decreased liver concentrations of MDA but increased GSH-Px; and reduced the inflammatory reaction with reducing blood IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations and mRNA expressions. Conclusion: These results suggest a high-fat diet promotes the FLHS development in aged hens, while OCN prevents the FLHS process through inhibiting insulin resistance, inflammatory reaction, oxidative stress and fibrosis, and acting autophagy.

scholarly journals Lipopolysaccharide induces neuroglia activation and NF-κB activation in cerebral cortex of adult mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju-Bin Kang ◽  
Dong-Ju Park ◽  
Murad-Ali Shah ◽  
Myeong-Ok Kim ◽  
Phil-Ok Koh
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Calcium Binding ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Abstract Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) acts as an endotoxin, releases inflammatory cytokines, and promotes an inflammatory response in various tissues. This study investigated whether LPS modulates neuroglia activation and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)-mediated inflammatory factors in the cerebral cortex. Adult male mice were divided into control animals and LPS-treated animals. The mice received LPS (250 μg/kg) or vehicle via an intraperitoneal injection for 5 days. We confirmed a reduction of body weight in LPS-treated animals and observed severe histopathological changes in the cerebral cortex. Moreover, we elucidated increases of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress levels in LPS-treated animals. LPS administration led to increases of ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule-1 (Iba-1) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression. Iba-1 and GFAP are well accepted as markers of activated microglia and astrocytes, respectively. Moreover, LPS exposure induced increases of NF-κB and pro-inflammatory factors, such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Increases of these inflammatory mediators by LPS exposure indicate that LPS leads to inflammatory responses and tissue damage. These results demonstrated that LPS activates neuroglial cells and increases NF-κB-mediated inflammatory factors in the cerebral cortex. Thus, these findings suggest that LPS induces neurotoxicity by increasing oxidative stress and activating neuroglia and inflammatory factors in the cerebral cortex.

scholarly journals Klotho protects chondrocyte viability via FOXO1/3 in osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1961-1968
Author(s):  
Wei Wei ◽  
Liefeng Ji ◽  
Wanli Duan ◽  
Jiang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Collagen I ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Chondrocyte Viability ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Collagen Ii

Purpose: To investigate the effect of Klotho and FOXO1/3 on the CH viability in OA.Methods: The survival rate of CHs, Klotho and FOXO1/3 protein expression, and ROS production were measured in the OA cartilages of different degenerative phases. H2O2 was also used to injure CHs, and the cell viability, Klotho and FOXO1/3 expressions, as well as ROS levels were investigated to clarify the effect of exogenic Klotho on the injured CHs. Additionally, in order to verify the role of FOXO1/3 in Klotho-treated CHs, SOD2, GPX1, inflammatory factors, collagen I/II, SOX9, and Runx-2 levels were analyzed by silencing FOXO1 and FOXO3 expression via siRNA transfection.Results: Klotho and FOXO1/3 expressions significantly decreased, and ROS production increased in severely human OA cartilage (p <0.05). Besides, H2O2 affected CHs viability with the suppression of Klotho and FOXO1/3 expression but ROS production was elevated. Exogenic Klotho application partly reversed the injury caused by H2O2. Furthermore, Klotho treatment of the injured CHs contributed to SOD2 and GPX1 expressions, and suppressed IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and MMP-13 production, resulting in  the upregulation of collagen II and SOX9 as well as downregulation of collagen I and Runx-2. However, the protective effect of Klotho was weakened by FOXO1 and FOXO3 gene silencing.Conclusion: Klotho protects CHs viability by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation, which is associated with the mediation of FOXO1 and FOXO3. These findings provide new insights into the treatment of OA.

Abstract 451: PNS-R1 Attenuates the Development of Atherosclerosis in ApoE-Deficient Mouse Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Chen ◽  
Chenglin Jia ◽  
Minqi Xiong ◽  
Jingang Cui ◽  
Qinbo Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesion ◽  
Panax Notoginseng ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
First Time

Atherosclerosis is a chronic pathological condition featured by accumulation of lipids and fibrous elements in the artery. Atherosclerosis remains as the primary cause of cardiovascular diseases and agents that effectively intervenes the development of atherosclerosis are still needed. Panax notoginseng has been extensively used as therapeutic agent in Asia to treat cardiovascular disorders. Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) is the major class of active components of Panax notoginseng. PNS has been reported to possess anti-atherosclerotic effect. However, which component of PNS is responsible for this effect remains unknown. The current study evaluated the effects of a component unique to PNS, PNS-R1, on atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mouse model. Histological examination revealed that the extent of atherosclerotic lesion was significantly alleviated in PNS-R1-treated ApoE-/- mice compared to that from the ApoE-/- controls. Meanwhile, PNS-R1 treatment significantly reduced the level of oxidative stress in the atherosclerotic lesion, which was prominently enhanced in ApoE-/- controls. This effect on oxidative stress was corroborated by increased serum level of GSH and SOD and decreased level of MDH in PNS-treated mice. Furthermore, PNS-R1 treatment significantly decreased the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides and increased the level of HDL without affecting the level of LDL, suggesting an effect of PNS-R1 on lipid metabolism, which could in part contribute to its action in attenuating atherosclerosis. Additionally, the levels of inflammatory factors including IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α, γ-IFN and ox-LDL were markedly reduced in PNS-R1-treated mice compared to that from the ApoE-/- controls, demonstrating a significant anti-inflammatory effect of PNS-R1 in the development of atherosclerosis. Expression of microRNAs known to be involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis was further evaluated and showed that PNS-R1 treatment led to a significant reduction in the expression of miR-122, miR-132 and miR-155. Collectively, our results provided for the first time the experimental evidence supporting the anti-atherosclerotic effects of PNS-R1, which could be a promising therapeutic agent treating atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals Hyperoxalemia Leads to Oxidative Stress in Endothelial Cells and Mice with Chronic Kidney Disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ke Sun ◽  
Xiaojing Tang ◽  
Shuwei Song ◽  
Yuan Gao ◽  
Hongjing Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Vascular Calcification ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Uremic Toxin ◽  
Inflammatory Factor ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Tnf Α

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with ESRD. In addition to phosphate overload, oxalate, a common uremic toxin, is also involved in vascular calcification in patients with ESRD. The present study investigated the role and mechanism of hyperoxalemia in vascular calcification in mice with uremia. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A uremic atherosclerosis (UA) model was established by left renal excision and right renal electrocoagulation in apoE<sup>−/−</sup> mice to investigate the relationship between oxalate loading and vascular calcification. After 12 weeks, serum and vascular levels of oxalate, vascular calcification, inflammatory factors (TNF-α and IL-6), oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde [MDA], and advanced oxidation protein products [AOPP]) were assessed in UA mice. The oral oxalate-degrading microbe <i>Oxalobacter formigenes</i> (<i>O. formigenes</i>) was used to evaluate the effect of a reduction in oxalate levels on vascular calcification. The mechanism underlying the effect of oxalate loading on vascular calcification was assessed in cultured human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) and human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs). <b><i>Results:</i></b> Serum oxalate levels were significantly increased in UA mice. Compared to the control mice, UA mice developed more areas of aortic calcification and showed significant increases in aortic oxalate levels and serum levels of oxidative stress markers and inflammatory factors. The correlation analysis showed that serum oxalate levels were positively correlated with the vascular oxalate levels and serum MDA, AOPP, and TNF-α levels, and negatively correlated with superoxide dismutase activity. The <i>O. formigenes</i> intervention decreased serum and vascular oxalate levels, while did not improve vascular calcification significantly. In addition, systemic inflammation and oxidative stress were also improved in the <i>O. formigenes</i> group. In vitro, high concentrations of oxalate dose-dependently increased oxidative stress and inflammatory factor expression in HAECs, but not in HASMCs. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Our results indicated that hyperoxalemia led to the systemic inflammation and the activation of oxidative stress. The reduction in oxalate levels by <i>O. formigenes</i> might be a promising treatment for the prevention of oxalate deposition in calcified areas of patients with ESRD.

scholarly journals Prophage Gene Rv2650c Enhances Intracellular Survival of Mycobacterium smegmatis

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangyu Fan ◽  
Zichen Liu ◽  
Zhibin Wan ◽  
Hanlu Zou ◽  
Mengzhi Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Mycobacterium Smegmatis ◽  
Intracellular Survival ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Bacterial Pathogenicity ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
The World ◽  
And Control

BackgroundInduced by the pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, tuberculosis remains one of the most dangerous infectious diseases in the world. As a special virus, prophage is domesticated by its host and are major contributors to virulence factors for bacterial pathogenicity. The function of prophages and their genes in M. tuberculosis is still unknown.MethodsRv2650c is a prophage gene in M. tuberculosis genome. We constructed recombinant Mycobacterium smegmatis (M. smegmatis) to observe bacteria morphology and analyze the resistance to various adverse environments. Recombinant and control strains were used to infect macrophages, respectively. Furthermore, we performed ELISA experiments of infected macrophages.ResultsRv2650c affected the spread of colonies of M. smegmatis and enhanced the resistance of M. smegmatis to macrophages and various stress agents such as acid, oxidative stress, and surfactant. ELISA experiments revealed that the Rv2650c can inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-10, IL-1β, and IL-6.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that the prophage gene Rv2650c can inhibit the spread of colonies and the expression of inflammatory factors and promote intracellular survival of M. smegmatis. These results build the foundation for the discovery of virulence factors of M. tuberculosis, and provide novel insights into the function of the prophage in Mycobacterium.

scholarly journals Beneficial effects of Spirogyra Neglecta Extract on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory factors in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behzad Mesbahzadeh ◽  
Seyed Ali Rajaei ◽  
Parnia Tarahomi ◽  
Seyed Ali Seyedinia ◽  
Mehrnoush Rahmani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of oral supplementation of Spirogyra algae on oxidative damages and inflammatory responses in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetes was induced by administration of 55 mg/kg of streptozotocin. A total of sixty-four rats were divided into eight groups of eight rats each as follows:1) non-diabetic control; 2, 3, and 4) non-diabetic rats treated with 15, 30, and 45 mg of Spirogyra algae/kg/d; 5) control diabetic; and 6, 7, and 8) diabetic rats treated with 15, 30, and 45 mg of Spirogyra algae extract. At the end of the trial, the serum concentrations of glucose, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant status (TAS), C-reactive protein (CRP), insulin, triglycerides, and cholesterol were examined by specified procedures. Results: Our findings indicated that the administration of STZ significantly increased the serum concentrations of glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, CRP, IL-6, TNF-alpha), and MDA and decreased the serum levels of GSH and TAS (P<0.05) in diabetic rats. Oral administration of Spirogyra alleviated adverse effects of diabetes on oxidative stress and inflammatory factors in diabetic rats (P<0.05). Conclusion: It can be stated that Spirogyra algae extract can be used for treatment of diabetes likely due to prevention of oxidative stress and alleviation of inflammation in the rat model.

Curcumin Nanomicelle Improves Lipid Profile, Stress Oxidative Factors and Inflammatory Markers in Patients Undergoing Coronary Elective Angioplasty; A Randomized Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bijan Helli ◽  
Hadis Gerami ◽  
Maria Kavianpour ◽  
Habib Heybar ◽  
Seyed Kianoosh Hosseini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Tnf Α

Background: Curcumin demonstrated many pharmacological effects including antioxidants, anti-inflammation, eliminating free radicals, anti-tumor, lipid regulation, and anti-coagulation. Objective: This study aimed to assess and compare curcumin and nano-curcumin effects on lipid profile, oxidative stress, and inflammatory factors related to patients ‘heart. Method: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted on 90 patients undergoing coronary elective angioplasty which were randomly divided into 3 groups. The doses administered for 8 weeks were a 500 mg capsule of curcumin daily for the first group and an 80 mg capsule of nano-curcumin for the second group. However, the placebo group received capsules like curcumin. Lipid profile, oxidative stress factors, and inflammatory markers were measured at the baseline and end of the experiment. Results: Statistically significant changes were observed in the total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the intervention groups to the control group (p<0.05). Curcumin and nano-curcumin supplementation also improved significant changes in plasma levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in comparison to the placebo (p<0.05). Furthermore, the nano-curcumin group compared to the curcumin group demonstrated significant changes (p<0.05) in TC, TG, SOD, MDA and TNF-α levels. Conclusion: The effects of curcumin on nano formula may be better for cardiac patients due to its high bioavailability.

scholarly journals Effect of Ischemia-Induced Cochlear Inflammation on Auditory Responses in Male Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Fanaei ◽  
Akram Pourbakht ◽  
Sadegh Jafarzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ischemic Injury ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Stress Effect ◽  
Auditory Responses ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Bilateral Carotid ◽  
Brainstem Response

Background and Aim: Ischemic injury is a major cause of hearing loss and oxidative stress is an important part of ischemic injury. The goal of this study was to evaluate the cochlear oxidative stress effect on auditory responses in male rats. Methods: Cochlear oxidative stress was induced by bilateral carotid artery occlusion for 20 minutes. The rats were evaluated by biochemical inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α] and C-reactive protein (CRP) in the day before and 1st, 4th, and 7th days following surgery. The auditory brainstem response (ABR) and electrocochleography (ECochG) were evaluated on the day before surgery and 14th, 21th and 28th days after surgery. Results: TNF-α and CRP levels concentrations increased one day after ischemia and subsequently decreased on the 7th day. The click and tone burst evoked ABR showed increased thresholds on day14th, 21th, and 28th. The highest threshold was recorded on day14th. The ECochG results also were abnormal for 55%, 70%, and 45% of cases on day 14th, 21th, and 28th, respectively. Conclusion: Cochlear oxidative stress affects hearing sensitivity. The ABR shows elevated thresholds and abnormal ECochG was found in many cases.

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