scholarly journals Changes in Hand Hygiene Behaviors and Its Related Factors Among Northern Iranian Population During the First Peak and Subsidence of COVID-19 Pandemic Period: Results From PERSIAN Guilan Cohort Study (PGCS)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farahnaz Joukar ◽  
Sara Yeganeh ◽  
Soheil Hassanipour ◽  
Mehrnaz Asgharnezhad ◽  
Saman Maroufizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
Iranian Population ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Negative Family History ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: Considering the importance of the hand hygiene behaviors for the prevention of COVID-19 transmission, the current study was conducted to investigate the changes in hand-washing behaviors and its related factors among the northern Iranian population during the first peak and subsidence of COVID-19 pandemic period.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted during two periods in Guilan (Northern provinces of Iran). First period conducted at the first peak of COVID-19 pandemic in Iran (between 03/23/2020 and 03/30/2020), and second period conducted at the first subsidence of COVID-19 pandemic in Iran (between 05/3/20 and 05/10/2020). The questionnaire was completed by 571 adult participants. Data on frequency, procedure and circumstances of hand-washing and obsessive-like behaviors were collected. Potential correlates of reduction in frequency of hand washing were analyzed by multiple logistic regression.Result: Compared to peak of COVID-19 pandemic, frequency and procedure of hand-washing and obsessive-like behaviors were significantly reduced at the subsidence of COVID-19 pandemic (all p<0.05). Females with negative family history of coronavirus disease had greater odds (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 2.19, P =0.03) of reduction in the frequency of daily hand-washing. Younger than 50 years old males and males who reduced the procedure of hand-washing had greater odds (AOR = 1.71, P =0.02 and AOR = 2.16, P =0.001, respectively) of reduction in the frequency of daily hand-washing. Conclusion: Northern Iranian populations were found to decrease their frequency and quality of hand washing and obsessive-like behaviors over time from the first peak to first subsidence of COVID-19 pandemic. Here, the factors that independently predicted reduction in frequency of hand washing in male population were younger age and reduction in procedure of hand-washing and in female population was a negative family history of coronavirus disease. Thus, special attention should be paid to maintaining the general population’s perceived susceptibility to illness, especially in younger men during the pandemic.

Language Onset and Concomitant Speech and Language Problems in Subgroups of Stutterers and Their Siblings

1982 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 482-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin A. Seider ◽  
Keith L. Gladstien ◽  
Kenneth K. Kidd
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
Negative Family History ◽  
Late Talkers ◽  
Language Problems ◽  
History Of ◽  
Language Onset

Time of language onset and frequencies of speech and language problems were examined in stutterers and their nonstuttering siblings. These families were grouped according to six characteristics of the index stutterer: sex, recovery or persistence of stuttering, and positive or negative family history of stuttering. Stutterers and their nonstuttering same-sex siblings were found to be distributed identically in early, average, and late categories of language onset. Comparisons of six subgroups of stutterers and their respective nonstuttering siblings showed no significant differences in the number of their reported articulation problems. Stutterers who were reported to be late talkers did not differ from their nonstuttering siblings in the frequency of their articulation problems, but these two groups had significantly higher frequencies of articulation problems than did stutterers who were early or average talkers and their siblings.

scholarly journals Asthma prevalence and associated factors among lebanese adults: the first national survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeina Akiki ◽  
Danielle Saadeh ◽  
Rita Farah ◽  
Souheil Hallit ◽  
Hala Sacre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Family History ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Asthma Prevalence ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Current Asthma ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background No national research has yet explored the prevalence of asthma among adults in Lebanon. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma and current asthma, and their determinants among Lebanese adults 16 years old or above. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out using a multistage cluster sampling. The questionnaire used collected information on asthma, respiratory symptoms, and risk factors. Results The prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma was 6.7% (95% CI 5–8.7%), and that of current asthma was 5% (95% CI 3.6–6.9%). Chronic symptoms such as cough, wheezing, and shortness of breath were worst at night. Factors positively associated with physician-diagnosed asthma were a secondary educational level (adjusted OR, aOR = 4.45), a family history of chronic respiratory diseases (aOR = 2.78), lung problems during childhood (15.9), and allergic rhinitis (4.19). Additionally, consuming fruits and vegetables less than once per week (3.36), a family history of chronic respiratory diseases (3.92), lung problems during childhood (9.43), and allergic rhinitis (8.12) were positively associated with current asthma. Conclusions The prevalence of asthma was within the range reported from surrounding countries. However, repeated cross-sectional studies are necessary to evaluate trends in asthma prevalence in the Lebanese population.

scholarly journals Subjective cognitive complaints at age 70: associations with amyloid and mental health

2021 ◽  
pp. jnnp-2020-325620
Author(s):  
Ivanna M. Pavisic ◽  
Kirsty Lu ◽  
Sarah E. Keuss ◽  
Sarah-Naomi James ◽  
Christopher A. Lane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Amyloid Pathology ◽  
History Of ◽  
Β Amyloid ◽  
Anxiety Depression

ObjectiveTo investigate subjective cognitive decline (SCD) in relation to β-amyloid pathology and to test for associations with anxiety, depression, objective cognition and family history of dementia in the Insight 46 study.MethodsCognitively unimpaired ~70-year-old participants, all born in the same week in 1946 (n=460, 49% female, 18% amyloid-positive), underwent assessments including the SCD-Questionnaire (MyCog). MyCog scores were evaluated with respect to 18F-Florbetapir-PET amyloid status (positive/negative). Associations with anxiety, depression, objective cognition (measured by the Preclinical Alzheimer Cognitive Composite, PACC) and family history of dementia were also investigated. The informant’s perspective on SCD was evaluated in relation to MyCog score.ResultsAnxiety (mean (SD) trait anxiety score: 4.4 (3.9)) was associated with higher MyCog scores, especially in women. MyCog scores were higher in amyloid-positive compared with amyloid-negative individuals (adjusted means (95% CIs): 5.3 (4.4 to 6.1) vs 4.3 (3.9 to 4.7), p=0.044), after accounting for differences in anxiety. PACC (mean (SD) −0.05 (0.68)) and family history of dementia (prevalence: 23.9%) were not independently associated with MyCog scores. The informant’s perception of SCD was generally in accordance with that of the participant.ConclusionsThis cross-sectional study demonstrates that symptoms of SCD are associated with both β-amyloid pathology, and more consistently, trait anxiety in a population-based cohort of older adults, at an age when those who are destined to develop dementia are still likely to be some years away from symptoms. This highlights the necessity of considering anxiety symptoms when assessing Alzheimer’s disease pathology and SCD.

scholarly journals Differential expression of micro RNA-29 family in non-diabetic adults of diabetic and non-diabetic parents

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Uzair Abbas ◽  
Bushra Imdad ◽  
Sikander Adil Mughal ◽  
Israr Ahmed Baloch ◽  
Afshan Mehboob Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Micro Rna ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of

Abstract Objective MicroRNAs are known to regulate 60% of genes at post translational level. MicroRNAs including Micro RNA-29 family play a vital role in cellular activities and have validate role in numerous metabolic disorders inclusive of diabetes mellitus and its complications. While micro RNA profile changes years before the occurrence of disease. This cross-sectional study was conducted in non-diabetic adults of diabetic and non-diabetic parents to explore the early changes in expression of micro RNA-29 family as it can be served as early biomarker of type 2 diabetes in non-diabetic adults. This study was conducted from January 2019 to January 2021. Micro RNA was extracted from plasma of 50 participants and expression was compared through qPCR. While data was analyzed through SPSS version 21.0. Results 29a and 29b had lower expression in participants with family history of DM compared to those having no family history of DM (P < 0.0001). While micro RNA 29c was found to be significantly higher in participants with positive family history of type 2 diabetes as compared to those without family history of diabetes (P = 0.001).

scholarly journals Prevalence of Hypertension and Its Associated Factors among Indonesian Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Andra Kurnianto ◽  
Deni Kurniadi Sunjaya ◽  
Fedri Ruluwedrata Rinawan ◽  
Dany Hilmanto
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Family History ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension

Background. Given that hypertension in adulthood has its onset in childhood, it is not surprising that the prevalence of hypertension among adolescents has also increased in recent years. However, there are limited data on the prevalence of hypertension and also the new AAP guideline has not yet been applied to the Indonesian adolescent population. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of hypertension using the new AAP guideline and to assess the occurrence of its associated factors among Indonesian adolescents. Methods. This was a cross-sectional study conducted at twelve senior high schools in Palembang, South Sumatera, Indonesia, from June to December 2019. The study included adolescents aged 13 to 18 years old. Anthropometric measurements were obtained. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess the risk factors most associated with hypertension among adolescents, and then an equation model was created. The prevalence of hypertension was evaluated, together with several factors such as age group, sex, ethnicity, family history of hypertension, nutritional status, physical activity, perceived stress, sleep duration, nutritional intake, and smoking. Results. In total, 1200 adolescents aged 15.9 ± 0.99 years were evaluated. The prevalence of hypertension and elevated blood pressure among adolescents was 8% and 12.2%, respectively. There were significant associations between sex, family history of hypertension, hypertensive father, nutritional status, physical activity, perceived stress, and hypertension among Indonesian adolescents (p<0.05). Stress was the most powerful risk factor of hypertension with an odds ratio of 5.83 (95% confidence interval 2.91–11.6). Conclusions. Nowadays, the prevalence of hypertension among Indonesian adolescents is quite high. This may be caused by lifestyle or behavior changes among adolescents. Sex, family history of hypertension, nutritional status, physical activity, and perceived stress influenced the 27% hypertension prevalence rate among Indonesian adolescents, particularly in Palembang, South Sumatera. In order to decrease the prevalence of hypertension in adults, concern about lifestyle or behavior changes and hypertension among adolescents should be given.

Multigenerational Timeline and Understanding of Diabetes and Self-Care

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-77
Author(s):  
Melissa Scollan-Koliopoulos ◽  
Elizabeth A. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Practice Theory ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Dietary Adherence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Time Line ◽  
Unique Variance ◽  
Significant Variance ◽  
History Of

Testing the practice–theory multigenerational legacies of diabetes, effects of a family member’s perceptions of the time line and understanding of diabetes on participants’ perceptions of their own diabetes and effect of their own perceptions on self-care were examined. Using a cross-sectional descriptive design, 123 participants completed study instruments by mail. Memories of a family member’s perception of the time line (r = .25, p = .01 ) and understanding of diabetes (r = .32, p = .01) were related; participants’ own perceptions of time line (β = –.24) and understanding (β = .10) accounted for significant variance in dietary adherence, with time line contributing unique variance (R2 = .06, F = 3.3, p = .04). The perceptions were not associated with other self-care behaviors. Findings illuminate effects of time line and understanding of diabetes in patients with family history of diabetes.

Impact of family history of metabolic traits on severity of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis related cirrhosis: A cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 1397-1404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajeet S. Bhadoria ◽  
Chandan K. Kedarisetty ◽  
Chhagan Bihari ◽  
Guresh Kumar ◽  
Ankur Jindal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metabolic Traits ◽  
Alcoholic Steatohepatitis ◽  
History Of

Apolipoprotein E genotypes in offspring with a positive and negative family history of premature myocardial infarction

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 387-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarina Rašlová ◽  
Božena Smolková ◽  
Branislav Vohnout ◽  
Branislav Schifferdecker ◽  
Rudolf Poledne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Family History ◽  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Negative Family History ◽  
Apolipoprotein E Genotypes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Premature Myocardial Infarction

scholarly journals High Rate of Obesity-Associated Hypertension among Primary Schoolchildren in Sudan

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeena Salman ◽  
Gregory D. Kirk ◽  
Mark D. DeBoer
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Schoolchildren ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) frequently has roots in childhood, including following childhood-onset hypertension. Incidence of CVD has increased in developing countries in East Africa during recent urbanization. Effects of these shifts on childhood hypertension are unclear. Our objectives were to (1) Determine the prevalence of hypertension among primary schoolchildren in Khartoum, Sudan; (2) Determine whether hypertension in this setting is associated with obesity. We performed a cross sectional study of 6-12y children from two schools randomly selected in Khartoum, Sudan. Height, weight, BMI, BP and family history of hypertension were assessed. Age-, height- and gender-specific BP curves were used to determine pre-hypertension (90–95%) and hypertension (>95%). Of 304 children, 45 (14.8%) were overweight; 32 (10.5%) were obese; 15 (4.9%) were pre-hypertensive and 15 (4.9%) were hypertensive. Obesity but not family history of hypertension was associated with current hypertension. In multiple logistic regression, adjusting for family history, children who were obese had a relative-risk of 14.7 (CI 2.45-88.2) for systolic hypertension compared to normal-weight children. We conclude that overweight and obesity are highly prevalent among primary schoolchildren in urban Sudan and are strongly associated with hypertension. That obesity-associated cardiovascular sequelae exist in the developing world at young ages may be a harbinger of future CVD in sub-Saharan Africa.

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