scholarly journals Promoting the Practice of Exclusive Breastfeeding: A Philosophic Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tumilara Busayo Amoo ◽  
Ruth Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behaviour ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
World Health ◽  
Planned Behaviour ◽  
Breastfeeding Promotion ◽  
Global Rate ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background The World Health Organization recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of an infant’s life and continued breastfeeding for 2 years. The global rate of exclusive breastfeeding is low at 33%. Thus, it is important to identify philosophical and theory-based strategies that can promote exclusive breastfeeding. The aim of the study is to identify philosophical schools of thought and theories used in research on promoting the practice of exclusive breastfeeding. Methods A scoping review using Arksey and O'Malley's framework explored the phenomenon of exclusive breastfeeding practice promotion. Searches were conducted using CINAHL Plus full-text, PubMed, APA PsycInfo and Academic Search Premier. Search terms included theory, philosophy, framework, model, exclusive breastfeeding, promotion, support, English, and publication between 2000 - 2020. Results The online search yielded 877 articles, however, only 40 met the inclusion criteria for the scoping review. The articles promoting exclusive breastfeeding used pragmatism (n=1) or phenomenology (n = 2) philosophies and theories of self-efficacy (n = 10), theory of planned behaviour (n = 10) and social cognitive theories (n = 17). Theories of self-efficacy and planned behaviour were the most effective theories that increased exclusive breastfeeding rates. Conclusions Theory-based exclusive breastfeeding promotion strategies are effective to increase the rates of exclusive breastfeeding. Theory of planned behaviour is better compared with theories of self-efficacy for program content development and implementation in Randomized Controlled Trial studies. Future breastfeeding interventions should be based on relevant philosophies and guided by theories of self-efficacy and planned behaviours.

scholarly journals Barrier and facilitator on breastfeeding education and promotion: A literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 320
Author(s):  
Lina Handayani ◽  
Maya Kusuma Dewi ◽  
Lafi Munira
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Study Finding ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
World Health ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Breastfeeding Promotion ◽  
Health Organization

Breast milk contains many nutrients according to the needs of the baby for growth and development. Breast milk is very important for the health and well-being of infants. The world health organization recommends exclusive breastfeeding mothers for six months starting from the baby's first life and continuing until the age of two. Breastfeeding can provide economic benefits for the family and community. This study aimed to explore the barrier and facilitator on breastfeeding promotion and education. This study was literature study. This study finding that support from the baby's father is needed as a strong decision exclusively breastfeeding mothers. Pediatricians and midwives have an important role to support in providing exclusive breastfeeding from mothers and infants. Mothers who work full time find it very difficult to care for their babies exclusively. The workplace can be a barrier for mothers to care for and provide exclusive breastfeeding. Breastfeeding competency-based training is needed as a more optimal promotion of exclusive breastfeeding. Promotion of breastfeeding can increase the duration and exclusivity of breastfeeding. Knowledge promotes breastfeeding can increase the chances of successful breastfeeding and improve baby's health. An important role in the successful promotion of breastfeeding is the quality of knowledge and support for exclusive breastfeeding.

scholarly journals Breastfeeding promotion: evidence and problems

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Bellù ◽  
Manuela Condò
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
World Health ◽  
Breastfeeding Support ◽  
Breastfeeding Promotion ◽  
International Data ◽  
Breastfeeding Rates ◽  
Health Organization

Although breastfeeding is associated with many health benefits in children and mothers, and World Health Organization (WHO) recommends exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months of age and continued breastfeeding until 2 years of age, overall breastfeeding rates remain low. Italian rates of exclusive breastfeeding do not differ from international data. The aim of this review is to evaluate evidence of breastfeeding promotion interventions and the remaining problems to achieve them. We found that breastfeeding support is a complex system of interventions, including individual, structural and environmental factors. Many systematic reviews report evidence that breastfeeding support offered to women increases duration and exclusivity of breastfeeding, both in full term healthy newborns and in preterm infants. Political and economic efforts should be made to ensure breastfeeding support to all women in the different settings, assuming it as a collective target.

scholarly journals Health Interprofessional Collaborative Practice in Exclusive Breastfeeding : A scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arista Kusuma Wardani
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Collaborative Practice ◽  
World Health ◽  
Interprofessional Collaborative Practice ◽  
Need For Support ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Low Coverage

The World Health Organization reports the low coverage of exclusive breastfeeding. The need for support from all health professionals in an effort to increase the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding is important to conduct collaborative practices of interprofessional health. The purpose of this scoping review is to analyze the health interprofessional collaborative practice in exclusive breastfeeding. This scoping review used the Arksey and O'Malley framework. Search for articles published from 2009 to 2019 from 5 databases (PubMed, Wiley, Sciencedirect, EBSCO, and google scholar). Data were reviewed using the PRISMA flowchart. The results of the review found the role of health professionals and health interprofessional barriers in exclusive breastfeeding.

scholarly journals Azithromycin Reduction to Reach Elimination of Trachoma (ARRET): study protocol for a cluster randomized trial of stopping mass azithromycin distribution for trachoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdou Amza ◽  
Boubacar Kadri ◽  
Beido Nassirou ◽  
Ahmed M. Arzika ◽  
Ariana Austin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Cluster Randomized Trial ◽  
World Health ◽  
Baseline Assessment ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Cluster Randomized ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends annual mass azithromycin distribution until districts drop below 5% prevalence of trachomatous inflammation—follicular (TF). Districts with very low TF prevalence may have little or no transmission of the ocular strains of Chlamydia trachomatis that cause trachoma, and additional rounds of mass azithromycin distribution may not be useful. Here, we describe the protocol for a randomized controlled trial designed to evaluate whether mass azithromycin distribution can be stopped prior to the current WHO guidelines. Methods The Azithromycin Reduction to Reach Elimination of Trachoma (ARRET) study is a 1:1 community randomized non-inferiority trial designed to evaluate whether mass azithromycin distribution can be stopped in districts with baseline prevalence of TF under 20%. Communities in Maradi, Niger are randomized after baseline assessment either to continued annual mass azithromycin distribution or stopping annual azithromycin distribution over a 3-year period. We will compare the prevalence of ocular C. trachomatis (primary outcome), TF and other clinical signs of trachoma, and serologic markers of trachoma after 3 years. We hypothesize that stopping annual azithromycin distribution will be non-inferior to continued annual azithromycin distributions for all markers of trachoma prevalence and transmission. Discussion The results of this trial are anticipated to provide potentially guideline-changing evidence for when mass azithromycin distributions can be stopped in low TF prevalence areas. Trial registration number This study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04185402). Registered December 4, 2019; prospectively registered pre-results.

Cancer and Peripheral Deep Vein Thrombosis are Both Independent Diseases Causes, Pathogenesis, Conclusions

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Drozdova Elena Viktorovna ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
World Health ◽  
Peripheral Vein ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Sickness Rate ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Deep Vein

There is an undisputed thesis: CANCER has an often COMPLICATION such as DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS. Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally, and is responsible for an estimated 9.6 million deaths in 2018. (according to World Health Organization). Sickness rate of deep vein thrombosis is approximately 100 per 100 000 population annually. Sickness rate of cancer in different countries is approximately 130-500 per 100 000 population annually. Thus, if deep vein thrombosis is considered to be a complication of cancer we must identify both these diseases simultaneously with frequency of 20 -76.9% The Research Objective To determine whether peripheral vein thromboses are the complications of cancer. The Method of the Research Randomized prospective parallel controlled trial.

scholarly journals Development of Smartphone Application Based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour to Enhance Self-Efficacy for Online Learning

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chattavut Peechapol ◽  
Jaitip Na-Songkhla ◽  
Siridej Sujiva ◽  
Arthorn Luangsodsai
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behaviour ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Smartphone App ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Online Learners ◽  
Planned Behaviour ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Experimental Group

This study was conducted to develop a smartphone application to enhance self-efficacy for online learning. The theory of planned behaviour (TPB) was used as a framework for developing the smartphone app. The study used research and design (R&amp;D) through three phases: 1)<strong> </strong>examining relevant literature and interviewing recognized experts in the field, 2) developing the smartphone app, and 3) studying the effect of the smartphone app on the self-efficacy of online learners. The results demonstrated that the framework of the smartphone application based on the TPB comprised six components. They were 1) the TPB’s concept for online learning, 2) instructional process, 3) instructional support tools, 4) application features, 5) instructor’s role, and 6) learner’s role. For technical aspects, the smartphone app was developed and deployed by using Amazon Web Service (AWS) cloud computing platform and infrastructure. Studying the effect of the application on self-efficacy was performed for four weeks using two groups in a pre-test/post-test design. The research method involved purposive sampling of 180 undergraduate students, consisting of a 90-student experimental group and a 90-student control group. The application based on the TPB and the application without the TPB were implemented in the experimental group and the control group, respectively. The results demonstrated that the post-test score of self-efficacy in online learning for the experimental group was statistically significantly higher than the control group at 0.05 level. This result showed that the smartphone app based on the TPB could significantly affect self-efficacy for online learners; it has the potential to be an effective tool for teaching an online course.

scholarly journals Breast Feeding versus Formula Feeding and Diarrheal Diseases in Infants and Children- A Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
MUH Begum
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Formula Feeding ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
World Health ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Diarrheal Diseases ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
In Infants And Children

The World Health Organization (WHO) and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) emphasize the value of breastfeeding for mothers as well as children. Both recommend exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life. Human breast milk is the healthiest form of milk for babies. Breastfeeding promotes health and helps to prevent diseases including diarrheal diseases. It contains all nutrients including antibodies (IgA),and lactoferrin, that potentially prevent infection and diarrhea in infants and children. Studies conducted in both developed and under developed nations have found that breast feeding is associated with significantly ( upto 64%) less diarrheal disease and the protective effect of breast feeding does not persist beyond two months after breast feeding is stopped. On the other hand, formula fed infants are found an upto 80% increased in the risk of developing diarrhea compared to breast fed infants and there is significantly more diarrheal disease in formula fed infants. Infection may be attributable to contamination of bottles, teats, milk, and food in infants who are not exclusively breastfed. Exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life and there after complementary feedings while breastfeeding continues for up to two years of age or beyond, enthusiastic support and involvement from clinicians, obstetricians and pediatricians, are essential in “breastfeeding vs formula feeding” issue and to reduce incidence of diarrheal diseases in infants and children. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v32i1.21033 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2014; 32: 26-30

scholarly journals A Scoping Review of Policies Related to the Prevention and Control of Overweight and Obesity in Africa

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 4028
Author(s):  
Theodosia Adom ◽  
Anniza De Villiers ◽  
Thandi Puoane ◽  
André Pascal Kengne
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Environmental Drivers ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Nutrition And Diet ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
And Control

To address the issue of obesity, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a set of comprehensive programmes aimed at changing the obesogenic environments to provide opportunities for healthy food options and increased physical activity in the school, home, and at the population level. The objectives of this study were to examine the nature and range of policies related to overweight and obesity prevention in Africa, and to assess how they align with international guidelines. An existing methodological framework was adapted for this scoping review. A search of publicly available national documents on overweight/obesity, general health, and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) was undertaken from relevant websites, including WHO, ministries, and Google Scholar. Additional requests were sent to key contacts at relevant ministries about existing policy documents. The documents were reviewed, and the policies were categorised, using the Analysis Grid for Environments Linked to Obesity (ANGELO) framework. The framework categorises the environmental drivers of obesity into four domains (physical, economic, legislative, and socio-cultural) and two scales: macro (national, regional, sectors, food industries, media, etc.) and micro (household, institutional, and community). This review included documents from 41 African countries. The policy initiatives to prevent overweight/obesity target the school, family and community settings, and macro environments, and broadly align with global recommendations. The NCD documents were in the majority, with only two on obesity. The majority of the documents detailed strategies and key interventions on unhealthy diets and physical inactivity. The physical, legislative, and sociocultural domains were largely featured, with less emphasis on the economic domain. Additionally, nutrition- and diet-related policies were in the majority. Overlaps and interactions of policies were observed in the application of the ANGELO framework. This study has provided information on national policies and programmes in Africa and can be useful as a first point of call for policymakers. The overlapping and interaction in the initiatives demonstrate the importance of multi-sectoral partnerships in providing supportive environments for healthy behaviours.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document