The association between metabolic syndrome and elevated serum alanine transaminase levels in an indigenous population in Northern Taiwan: a community-based study

Abstract Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a prevalent health condition in Taiwan, places individuals at higher risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and stroke. Therefore, the identification of risk factors associated with MetS is crucial. Nevertheless, only limited studies about MetS have been conducted among indigenous peoples in Taiwan; these studies identified a high prevalence of MetS among an indigenous population, which encouraged us to investigate further. Thus, our study aims to determine the prevalence of MetS among the indigenous Taiwanese population and to explore the relationship between MetS and associated risk factors, especially serum alanine transaminase (ALT). Methods: This is an observational, population-based, cross-sectional study that was conducted in remote villages of an indigenous community in northern Taiwan between 2010 and 2015. A total of 454 participants, 47.36% male and 52.64% female, were eligible for analysis. The participants underwent anthropometric assessment and measurements of blood pressure, serum triglyceride levels, fasting plasma glucose levels, serum HDL-C levels and serum ALT levels. MetS was defined based on the revised NCEP/ATPIII criteria from Taiwan Health Promotion Administration. Results: A total of 454 participants were included in the analysis. There were 277 people with MetS and 177 people without. The prevalence of MetS was 61.01%. The average age was 49.50 years old. People with MetS had a significantly higher ALT level (average 31.21±25.00 U/L vs. 23.29±15.98 U/L, p<0.001) than those without MetS. In addition, the chi-square comparison showed that participants with abnormal ALT levels (>36 U/L) had a tendency towards a higher prevalence of MetS (76.7% vs. 57.3%, p=0.001) than those with normal ALT levels (≤36 U/L). The adjusted odds ratio (OR) of abnormal ALT levels for MetS was 2.58 (95% CI=1.23-5.44, p=0.01). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the ALT level was 0.63 (95% CI=0.58-0.68, p<0.001), which showed that the ALT level was positively associated with MetS. Conclusions: The overall prevalence of MetS was 61.01% in the highland indigenous population in Taiwan, which suggests an unignorable health problem that should actively be addressed. Furthermore, these findings indicated that higher serum ALT levels (>36 U/L) were associated with an increased risk of MetS.

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The association between metabolic syndrome and elevated serum alanine transaminase levels in an indigenous population in Northern Taiwan: a community-based study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-15642/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yi-Fang Chen ◽

Yen-An Lin ◽

Wei-Chung Yeh ◽

Yu-Chung Tsao ◽

Wen-Cheng Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Indigenous Population ◽

Elevated Serum ◽

Serum Triglyceride ◽

Population Based ◽

Alanine Transaminase ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Northern Taiwan

Abstract Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a prevalent health condition in Taiwan, places individuals at higher risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and stroke. Therefore, the identification of risk factors associated with MetS is crucial. Nevertheless, only limited studies about MetS have been conducted among indigenous peoples in Taiwan; these studies identified a high prevalence of MetS among an indigenous population, which encouraged us to investigate further. Thus, our study aims to determine the prevalence of MetS among the northern Taiwanese indigenous population and to explore the relationship between MetS and associated risk factors, especially serum alanine transaminase (ALT). Methods: This is an observational, population-based, cross-sectional study that was conducted in remote villages of an indigenous community in northern Taiwan between 2010 and 2015. A total of 454 participants, 47.36% male and 52.64% female, were eligible for analysis. The participants underwent anthropometric assessment and measurements of blood pressure, serum triglyceride levels, fasting plasma glucose levels, serum HDL-C levels and serum ALT levels. MetS was defined based on the revised NCEP/ATPIII criteria from Taiwan Health Promotion Administration. Results: A total of 454 participants were included in the analysis. There were 277 people with MetS and 177 people without. The prevalence of MetS was 61.01%. The average age was 49.50 years old. People with MetS had a significantly higher ALT level (24.00 (17-36) U/L vs. 19.00 (15-26) U/L, p<0.001) than those without MetS. In addition, the chi-square comparison showed that participants with ALT levels>36 U/L had a tendency towards a higher prevalence of MetS (76.7% vs. 57.3%, p=0.001) than those with ALT levels≤36 U/L. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) of ALT levels >36 U/L for MetS was 2.79 (95% CI=1.24-6.27, p=0.01). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the ALT level was 0.63 (95% CI=0.58-0.68, p<0.001), which showed that the ALT level was positively associated with MetS. Conclusions: The overall prevalence of MetS was 61.01% in the highland indigenous population in Northern Taiwan, which suggests an unignorable health problem that should actively be addressed. Furthermore, these findings indicated that higher serum ALT levels (>36 U/L) were associated with an increased risk of MetS.

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The Association between Metabolic Syndrome and Elevated Alanine Aminotransferase Levels in an Indigenous Population in Northern Taiwan: A Community-Based and Cross-Sectional Study

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2020/6612447 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Yi-Fang Chen ◽

Yen-An Lin ◽

Wei-Chung Yeh ◽

Yu-Chung Tsao ◽

Wen-Cheng Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Liver Enzyme ◽

Indigenous Population ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The Relationship ◽

Northern Taiwan

Our study aims to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among the Northern Taiwanese indigenous population and to explore the relationship between MetS and liver enzyme, especially serum alanine transaminase (ALT). This is an observational and cross-sectional study that was conducted in remote villages of an indigenous community in Northern Taiwan between 2010 and 2015. MetS was defined based on the revised NCEP/ATPIII criteria from Taiwan Health Promotion Administration. A total of 454 participants were included in the analysis. There were 277 people with MetS and 177 people without. The prevalence of MetS was 61.01%. The average age was 49.50 years. People with MetS had a significantly higher liver enzyme (ALT) level than those without MetS. In addition, the study showed that participants with higher ALT had a tendency towards a higher prevalence of MetS (76.7% vs. 57.3%, p = 0.001). The adjusted odds ratio (OR) of ALT levels >36 U/L for MetS was 2.79 (95% CI = 1.24–6.27, p = 0.01). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the ALT level was 0.63 (95% CI = 0.58–0.68, p < 0.001), which showed that the ALT level was positively associated with MetS. The overall prevalence of MetS was 61.01% in the highland indigenous population in Northern Taiwan; this study indicated that higher serum ALT levels were associated with an increased risk of MetS.

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A Dietary Intervention of Bioactive Enriched Foods Aimed at Adults at Risk of Metabolic Syndrome: Protocol and Results from PATHWAY-27 Pilot Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11081814 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 1814 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Achim Bub ◽

Corinne Malpuech-Brugère ◽

Caroline Orfila ◽

Julien Amat ◽

Alice Arianna ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Dietary Intervention ◽

Adult Population ◽

Serum Triglyceride ◽

Beta Glucan ◽

Double Blind ◽

Pilot Studies ◽

Increased Risk

Around a quarter of the global adult population have metabolic syndrome (MetS) and therefore increased risk of cardiovascular mortality and diabetes. Docosahexaenoic acid, oat beta-glucan and grape anthocyanins have been shown to be effective in reducing MetS risk factors when administered as isolated compounds, but their effect when administered as bioactive-enriched foods has not been evaluated. Objective: The overall aim of the PATHWAY-27 project was to evaluate the effectiveness of bioactive-enriched food consumption on improving risk factors of MetS. A pilot study was conducted to assess which of five bioactive combinations provided within three different food matrices (bakery, dairy or egg) were the most effective in adult volunteers. The trial also evaluated the feasibility of production, consumer acceptability and gastrointestinal tolerance of the bioactive-enriched food. Method: The study included three monocentric, parallel-arm, double-blind, randomised, dietary intervention trials without a placebo. Each recruiting centre tested the five bioactive combinations within a single food matrix. Results: The study was completed by 167 participants (74 male, 93 female). The results indicated that specific bioactive/matrix combinations have effects on serum triglyceride or HDL-cholesterol level without adverse effects. Conclusion: The study evidenced that bioactive-enriched food offers a promising food-based strategy for MetS prevention, and highlighted the importance of conducting pilot studies.

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Prevalence and determinants of the metabolic syndrome among Tunisian adults: results of the Transition and Health Impact in North Africa (TAHINA) project

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980012003291 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 582-590 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Hanen Belfki ◽

Samir Ben Ali ◽

Hajer Aounallah-Skhiri ◽

Pierre Traissac ◽

Souha Bougatef ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

North Africa ◽

Health Impact ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Intervention Programme ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components and to evaluate the relationship between this diagnosis and cardiovascular risk factors, demographic and socio-economic variables.DesignA cross-sectional study using a questionnaire including information on sociodemographic and CVD risk factors. Blood pressure, anthropometric indices, fasting glucose and lipid profile were measured. MetS was defined according to the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program, Adult Treatment Panel III.SettingThe whole Tunisian territory; Transition and Health Impact in North Africa (TAHINA) project.SubjectsA total of 4654 individuals (1840 men and 2814 women), aged 35 to 74 years, who participated in the Tunisian national survey.ResultsThe overall prevalence of MetS was 30·0 %, higher in women (36·1 %) than in men (20·6 %; P < 0·001). In both genders MetS prevalence increased significantly with age (P < 0·001), but this increase was more important in women. Multiple regression analyses showed that the odds for MetS increased significantly with urban area for both men and women (P < 0·05 and P < 0·001, respectively). The multivariate models showed also that the odds for MetS increased significantly with increasing level of education and in those with a family history of CVD for men (both P < 0·05) and after the menopausal transition for women (P < 0·05).ConclusionsThe study highlights the MetS problem in a middle-income developing country. There is an urgent need for a comprehensive, integrated, population-based intervention programme to ameliorate the growing problem of MetS in Tunisians.

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The Use of Multiple Correspondence Analysis and K-means to Explore Associations between Risk Factors and Patient Characteristics in Colorectal Cancer (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.29056 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Dídac Florensa ◽

Jordi Mateo ◽

Francesc Solsona ◽

Teresa Pedrol ◽

Miquel Mesas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Correspondence Analysis ◽

Multiple Correspondence Analysis ◽

Clinical History ◽

Patient Characteristics ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Risk Of Death ◽

Increased Risk

BACKGROUND Previous works have shown that risk factors are associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to detect these associations in the region of Lleida (Catalonia) using Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) and K-means. METHODS The cross-sectional study was made up of 1,085 colorectal cancer episodes between 2012 and 2015, extracted from the Population-based Cancer Registry (PCR) for the province of Lleida (Spain), the Primary Care Centers database and the Catalan Health Service Register. The relations between risk factors and patient characteristics were identified using MCA and K-means. RESULTS The combination of these techniques helps to detect clusters of patients with similars risk factors. Risk of death is associated with elderly people and obesity or overweight. Stage III is related with people aged ≥65 and rural/semi-urban population while younger people were related with stage 0. CONCLUSIONS MCA and K-means were a significant help for detecting associations between risk factors and patient characteristics. These techniques have proven to be effective tools for analyzing the incidence of some factors in colorectal cancer. The outcomes obtained help to corroborate suspected trends, as well as stimulating new hypotheses about the previous clinical history and how to prevent it.

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Disparities in prevalence of metabolic syndrome: A cross-sectional analysis of Indian adults

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.1078 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

C Joshi ◽

M Thanikachalam ◽

OI Bermudez ◽

K K H Chui

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Urban Areas ◽

South Indian Population ◽

Socioeconomic Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Low Socioeconomic ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The Usa

Abstract Background Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a cluster of risk factors: central obesity, a low level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high levels of triglyceride, fasting glucose, and blood pressure. Individuals with MS have an increased risk for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. South Asians, including Indians, generally have higher rates, earlier onset, and severe forms of cardiovascular diseases and the associated risk factors compared to other ethnic groups. This study assessed the prevalence of MS in an adult South Indian population, and further examined socioeconomic, gender and rurality disparities. Methods We analyzed data from 7,697 adults aged between 20 and 76 years participating in the baseline PURSE-HIS study, a community-based cross-sectional study conducted in India in 2012. Socioeconomic status was derived from summary scores of three variables: family income, education and occupation. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted to find the association between behavioral risk factors and metabolic syndrome, after adjusting for age, sex, rurality and socioeconomic status. Results The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 36.3%, with significant gender difference (38.3% for women vs. 33.8% for men, P < 0.01). Women in semi-urban areas were twice as likely to have metabolic syndrome compared to men in urban areas (OR = 2.0, 95%CI:1.2 to 3.1, p < 0.01). Women in higher socioeconomic group were more than four times likely to have metabolic syndrome compared to men in lower socioeconomic group (OR = 4.2, 95%CI:2.3 to 7.6, p < 0.01). Conclusions The study emphasizes the need of preventative and curative interventions focused on low-socioeconomic populations, particularly women who reside in non-urban areas. The findings have important implications for the USA because there are 2.4 million foreign-born population from India, making it the second-largest immigrant group in the USA after Mexicans. Key messages Low socioeconmic population and women residing in non-urban areas are at higher risk for metabolic syndrome. Preventative and curative interventions focused on low-socioeconomic populations should be prioritized.

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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Untreated Thyroid Dysfunctions in the Older Caucasian Adults: Results of Polsenior 2 Survey

10.21203/rs.3.rs-735681/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Piotr Kocelak ◽

Malgorzata Mossakowska ◽

Monika Puzianowska-Kuznicka ◽

Krzysztof Sworczak ◽

Adam Wyszomirski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Thyroid Dysfunction ◽

Population Based ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Medical Services ◽

Design Data ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multidisciplinary Study ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Study Participants

Abstract Background: To determine the prevalence of treated and untreated thyroid dysfunction and to identify factors associated with increased risk of undiagnosed thyroid dysfunction in older adults.Methods The population of 5987 community-dwelling Polish Caucasian seniors aged 60 years and above who participated in the PolSenior 2 study (2018 – 2019). Population-based cross-sectional multidisciplinary study in design. Data from structured questionnaires, geriatric tests and scales were obtained from all study participants who underwent anthropometric and blood pressure measurements during three home visits. Assessment of thyroid function was based on TSH serum measurements.ResultsThe prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in the Polish population aged 60 years or above was estimated at 15.5% (21.5% in women and 7.2% in men), with 3.2% of undiagnosed individuals among them. The prevalence of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in the studied group was 13.9% (19.4% in women and 6.3% in men) and 1.6% (2.1% in women and 0.9% in men) respectively. In multiple regression analysis independent risk factors for thyroid disorders being untreated were older age (> 75 years), male sex, a low education level (primary or lower) and low utilization of medical services.Conclusions One-fifth of Polish Caucasian seniors with hypothyroidism and one-third with hyperthyroidism is untreated. Older, poorly educated and rarely utilizing medical services seniors, especially men, are more frequently untreated for thyroid dysfunction and some of them do not benefit from contemporary achievements of medicine.

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Dietary patterns and the risk of metabolic syndrome in Chinese adults: a population-based cross-sectional study

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980018001088 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (13) ◽

pp. 2409-2416 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Zhi-Yong Wei ◽

Jun-Jie Liu ◽

Xue-Mei Zhan ◽

Hao-Miao Feng ◽

Yuan-Yuan Zhang

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

High Energy ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Animal Food ◽

Food Pattern ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Reduced Risk

AbstractObjectiveData on dietary patterns in relation to the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a middle-aged Chinese population are sparse. The present study was performed to determine the major dietary patterns among a population aged 45–59 years and to evaluate their associations with MetS risk in China.DesignCross-sectional examination of the association between dietary patterns and MetS. Face-to-face interviews were used to assess dietary intake using a validated semi-quantitative FFQ. OR and 95 % CI for MetS were calculated across quartiles of dietary pattern scores using multivariate logistic regression analysis models.SettingCity of Linyi, Shandong Province, China.SubjectsAdults (n 1918) aged 45–59 years.ResultsThree major dietary patterns were identified: traditional Chinese, animal food and high-energy. After adjustment for potential confounders, individuals in the highest quartile of the traditional Chinese pattern had a reduced risk of MetS relative to the lowest quartile (OR=0·72, 95 % CI 0·596, 0·952; P<0·05). Compared with those in the lowest quartile, individuals in the highest quartile of the animal food pattern had a greater risk of MetS (OR=1·28; 95 % CI 1·103, 1·697; P<0·05). No significant association was observed between the high-energy pattern and risk of MetS.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that the traditional Chinese pattern was associated with a reduced risk, while the animal food pattern was associated with increased risk of MetS. Given the cross-sectional nature of our study, further prospective studies are warranted to confirm these findings.

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A comparison of the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and its components among native Japanese and Japanese Brazilians residing in Japan and Brazil

European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation ◽

10.1097/hjr.0b013e3280117244 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 508-514 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Andiara Schwingel ◽

Yoshio Nakata ◽

Lucy S. Ito ◽

Wojtek J. Chodzko-Zajko ◽

Ryosuke Shigematsu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Significant Heterogeneity ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Japanese Ancestry

Background This study investigated the prevalence of risk factors associated with the metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) among individuals of Japanese descent exposed to different cultural environments. Design A cross-sectional study to assess component risk factors for the diagnosis of MetSyn was undertaken in urban areas in Japan and Brazil. A total of 773 men and women aged 35 years or over were included in three groups: 249 native Japanese, 269 Brazilian individuals of Japanese ancestry residing in Japan, and 255 Brazilian individuals of Japanese ancestry residing in Brazil. Results Higher rates of metabolic abnormalities with respect to central obesity and serum lipid profiles were observed among Brazilian individuals of Japanese ancestry residing in Brazil compared with those residing in Japan and native Japanese. Likewise, an increased risk of hypertension was observed among Japanese Brazilian individuals residing in Japan. The prevalence of MetSyn in men was significantly higher among Brazilians of Japanese ancestry residing in Brazil (37.5%) compared with those residing in Japan (25.3%) or native Japanese (21.4%), whereas no significant difference was observed among women. In the logistic model, Brazilian individuals of Japanese ancestry residinginBrazil weretwice as likely to develop MetSyn compared with native Japanese, whereas no significant differences were found among those residing in Japan. Conclusions These findings underscore the significant heterogeneity in risk factors among communities of Japanese ancestry residing in Brazil and Japan, and suggest that immigrants exposed to the Brazilian cultural environment are more susceptible to the development of risk factors associated with MetSyn than native Japanese.

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Association of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components with Decreased Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate in Adults

Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1159/000504356 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 75 (3) ◽

pp. 168-178 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Yun Qiu ◽

Qi Zhao ◽

Yian Gu ◽

Na Wang ◽

Yuting Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽

Glomerular Filtration ◽

Filtration Rate ◽

Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Population Based ◽

Chinese Adults ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk

Background/Aims: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its metabolic components, the common risk factors, may be involved in the development and progression of decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The aim of this study was to examine the association of MetS and its metabolic components with eGFR status and severity among Chinese adults. Methods: The population-based, cross-sectional study recruited a total of 33,300 Chinese adults (aged ≥18 years) from 4 study community sites in Songjiang District, Shanghai, between June 2016 and December 2017. Decreased eGFR was defined as a value of eGFR below 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Weighted multiple logistic regression models were used to examine the association of MetS and its components with eGFR status and severity. Results: After adjusting for potential confounders, subjects with MetS had an increased risk of decreased eGFR with an adjusted OR of 1.76 (95% CI 1.53–2.01), and subjects with increasing numbers of MetS components had a gradually increased risk for decreased eGFR (p trend <0.001). The multivariable-adjusted ORs (95% CI) of decreased eGFR were 1.66 (1.44–1.93) for abdominal obesity, 1.37 (1.18–1.60) for elevated triglycerides, 1.13 (0.96–1.33) for reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, 0.84 (0.72–0.98) for elevated fasting glucose, and 1.92 (1.57–2.35) for elevated blood pressure (BP). Furthermore, these associations remained in most of the subgroups analyses. Significant associations between elevated BP and the risks of mildly, moderately, and severely decreased eGFR were also found. Conclusions: MetS was independently associated with an increased risk of decreased eGFR, and individual components of MetS each play a different role in decreased eGFR. Elevated BP may be an important risk factor for the progression of renal dysfunction or even chronic kidney disease.

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