scholarly journals Genomic markers for the biological responses of Triclosan stressed hatchlings of Labeo rohita

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Sharma ◽  
Owias Iqbal Dar ◽  
Kirpal Singh ◽  
Sharad Thakur ◽  
Anup Kumar Kesavan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Labeo Rohita ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Tail Moment ◽  
Risk Quotient ◽  
Biological Responses ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Genomic Markers

Abstract Triclosan (TCS) used commonly in pharmaceuticals and personal care products has become the most common pollutant in water. Three days old hatchlings of an indegenous fish, Labeo rohita were given 96h exposure to an environmentally relevant (0.06mg/L) and two moderately lethal concentrations (0.067 and 0.097 mg/L) of TCS and kept for 10 days of recovery for recording transcriptomic alterations in antioxidant/detoxification (SOD, GST, CAT, GPx, GR, CYP1a and CYP3a), metabolic (LDH, ALT and AST) and neurological (AchE) genes and DNA damage. The data were subjected to Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for obtaining biomarkers for the toxicity of TCS. Hatchlings were highly sensitive to TCS (96h LC 50 = 0.126mg/L and risk quotient = 40.95), 96h exposure caused significant induction of CYP3a, AChE and ALT but suppression of all other genes. However, expression of all the genes increased significantly (except for a significant decline in ALT) after recovery. Concentration dependent increase was also observed in DNA damage [Tail Length (TL), Tail Moment (TM), Olive Tail Moment (OTM) and Percent Tail DNA (TDNA)] after 96h. The damage declined significantly over 96h values at 0.06 and 0.067 mg/L after recovery, but was still several times more than control. TCS elicited genomic alterations resulted in 5-11% mortality of exposed hatchlings during the recovery period. It is evident that hatchlings of L. rohita are a potential model and PCA shows that OTM, TL, TM, TDNA, SOD and GR (association with PC1 during exposure and recovery) are the biomarkers for the toxicity of TCS.

scholarly journals Environmentally Relevant Concentrations of Triclosan Induce Cyto-Genotoxicity and Biochemical Alterations in the Hatchlings of Labeo rohita

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 10478
Author(s):  
Sunil Sharma ◽  
Owias Iqbal Dar ◽  
Megha Andotra ◽  
Simran Sharma ◽  
Arvinder Kaur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Labeo Rohita ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Tail Moment ◽  
Biochemical Alterations ◽  
Solvent Control ◽  
Cellular Abnormalities ◽  
Significant Concentration

Xenobiotic Triclosan (TCS) is of great concern because of its existence in a variety of personal, household and healthcare products and continuous discharge in water worldwide. Excessive use of TCS-containing sanitizers and antiseptic products during the COVID-19 pandemic further increased its content in aquatic ecosystems. The present study deals with the cyto-genotoxic effects and biochemical alterations in the hatchlings of Labeo rohita on exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of TCS. Three-days-old hatchlings were exposed to tap water, acetone (solvent control) and 4 environmentally relevant concentrations (6.3, 12.6, 25.2 and 60 µg/L) of TCS for 14 days and kept for a recovery period of 10 days. The significant concentration-dependent decline in cell viability but increase in micronucleated cells, nucleo-cellular abnormalities (NCAs) and DNA damage parameters like tail length, tail moment, olive tail moment and percent of tail DNA after exposure persisted till the end of recovery period. Glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, total protein, albumin, total bilirubin, uric acid and urea (except for an increase at 60 µg/L) showed significant (p ≤ 0.05) concentration-dependent decrease after 14 days of exposure. The same trend (except for triglycerides, albumin and total bilirubin) continued till 10 days post exposure. In comparison to control, transaminases (alanine and aspartate aminotransferases) increased (p ≤ 0.05) after exposure as well as the recovery period, while a decline in alkaline phosphatase after exposure was followed by a significant increase during the recovery period. The results show that the environmentally relevant concentrations of TCS cause deleterious effects on the hatchlings of L. rohita.

scholarly journals Genomic markers for the biological responses of Triclosan stressed hatchlings of Labeo rohita

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Sharma ◽  
Owias Iqbal Dar ◽  
Kirpal Singh ◽  
Sharad Thakur ◽  
Anup Kumar Kesavan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Labeo Rohita ◽  
Biological Responses ◽  
Genomic Markers

scholarly journals THE BIOCHEMICAL ALTERATION AND DNA DAMAGE IN RATS (RATTUS RATTUS) AFTER CHRONIC INTRAPERITONEALLY INJECTION TO PURIFIED MICROCYSTIN-LR FROM ANABAENA CIRCINALIS

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 277
Author(s):  
Maher M Khadairi ◽  
Moayed Jy Al-amari ◽  
Ayad Mj Al-mamoori
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Tail Moment ◽  
Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis

  Objective: This study determined the effect of purified microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) on biochemical and DNA damage parameters in rats.Methods: Utilization of preparative high-performance liquid chromatography in analysis, purification and collection of MC-LR, then intraperitoneally injection of purified MC-LR to rats. At the end of exposure, animals were sacrificed, and liver cell was isolated to measure the biochemical markers such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) as well as measured malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cytochrome P450 (Cyt P450), and DNA damage markers such as comet length, tail length, and tail moment were measured with the single cell gel electrophoresis also called comet assay.Results: The present results showed significantly increased activities of SOD as well as concentration of MDA, ROS with increasing concentration of MC-LR but the activities of CAT and GSH, as well as Cyt P450, were significantly decreased with increasing MC-LR dose while makers of DNA damage such as comet length, tail length, and tail moment also significantly increased with increasing MC-LR dose.Conclusion: This study demonstrated that chronic exposure to MC-LR toxin can induce alteration of biochemical and DNA damage markers.

scholarly journals Effect of Imidocarb Application on Oxidative DNA Damage Caused by Anaplasmosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2308-2311
Author(s):  
Ahmet Cihat Öner ◽  
Adnan Ayan
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tail Moment ◽  
Before And After

This study was aimed to evaluate DNA fragmentation by using Comet assay in naturally infected sheep with Anaplasmosis before and after treatment with the Comet method, which shows DNA damage specifically. In the study, blood samples were collected from 10 Anaplosmosis infected and 10 healthy sheep. The anaplosmosis was diagnosed by clinical signs and symptoms. The infection was confirmed by Giemsa staining. The blood was collected from control group and infected group before and after the treatment, from the vena jugularis with the appropriate method. The DNA fragmentation was checked by using the Comet assay of blood cells. The data were analysed throught ANNOVA one-way. The result showed higher DNA fragmentation in sick animals diagnosed with anaplasmosis; tail length and tail moment values were found to be statistically significantly higher than the control group. When the data obtained after imidocarb (IMD) application were compared with obtained during the disease, a decreased DNA damage and tail moment was determined, however, these values higher than control. In this study, DNA damage and the extent of this damage were investigated by the Comet assay method using a healthy control group before and after treatment in animals with Anaplasmosis. When the findings obtained from the study were evaluated, it was seen that Anaplasma agents caused DNA damage and with the imidocarb application given for treatment, DNA damage was reduced and results close to healthy individuals were obtained.

scholarly journals Assessment of Cytogenetic Damage and Cholinesterases’ Activity in Workers Occupationally Exposed to Pesticides in Zamora-Jacona, Michoacan, Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6269
Author(s):  
Rafael Valencia-Quintana ◽  
Rosa María López-Durán ◽  
Mirta Milić ◽  
Stefano Bonassi ◽  
Ma. Antonieta Ochoa-Ocaña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tail Moment ◽  
Cholinesterase Activities

Pesticides have been considered as potential chemical mutagens; however, little is known about toxic and genotoxic effects during pesticide application in Zamora-Jacona, Michoacan State in Mexico. This study sought to determine DNA damage and cholinesterase activities inhibitions in 54 agricultural workers exposed to complex mixtures of pesticides vs. control group (26 individuals) using Comet assay in peripheral whole blood, micronucleus (MN) test in oral mucosa cells, Cytokinesis-blocked MN assay in lymphocytes (L-CBMNcyt) and measuring AChE and BChE activities in whole blood and plasma samples, respectively. Exposed subjects demonstrated significantly elevated levels of primary (Comet assay: tail intensity, tail length, tail moment, Olive tail moment) and permanent DNA damage (MN assay: in blood/buccal cells; frequencies of nuclear buds, binucleated cells, cells with condensed chromatin, karyorrhexis, pyknosis, and karyolysis). However, inhibition of cholinesterase activities (AChE and BChE) was not observed in the workers. Confounding factors including sex, age, BMI, working exposure period, protection level, smoking habit (cigarettes per day units), alcohol consumption (weekly), medication, were considered in the analysis. These combined techniques demonstrated usefulness in the health hazards risks pesticide exposure assessment and suggested the need for periodic monitoring together with the education and the training of occupational workers for the safe application of potentially harmful pesticides.

Assessment of Antioxidant Effect of Beta-Glucan on the Whole Blood Oxidative DNA Damage with the Comet Assay in Colorectal Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Necla Benlier ◽  
Nilay Uçar ◽  
Eda Öğüt ◽  
Havva Yeşil Çinkir ◽  
Mustafa Yildirim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Antioxidant Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tail Moment ◽  
Beta Glucan

Objective: The present study aims to evaluate the antioxidant effect of beta glucan on oxidative DNA damage by comet assay. Methods: A total of 19 adult females and males diagnosed with stage 3-4 colorectal cancer and a control group of 20 age-matched healthy subjects were enrolled in the study. Blood samples of the participants were analyzed using Comet Assay for the parameters of DNA damage. Results: Significantly increased DNA damage was observed in patients versus control group as indicated by greater values of tail moment, tail percent DNA and tail length. Following incubation with β-glucan, a substantial reduction was found in the aforementioned parameters of DNA damage. Comet assay revealed significant levels of endogenous DNA damage in patients as shown by remarkable increases in the tail moment, the percentage of DNA in the tail and the tail length values, in comparison with the control group. Following treatment of fresh whole blood with β-glucan incubation, DNA damages were significantly reduced but lower values were observed after β-glucan incubation in the patient group versus control group. Conclusion: β-Glucan was found to reduce DNA damage substantially in colorectal cancer patients and show antimutagenic effects. Our results suggested that dietary β-glucan intake might be important in the genesis of colorectal cancer tumors.

Carbendazim combined with imazalil or cypermethrin potentiate DNA damage in hepatocytes of mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 492-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Đikić ◽  
A Mojsović-Ćuić ◽  
I Čupor ◽  
V Benković ◽  
A Horvat-Knežević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Tail Moment ◽  
Dna Breaks ◽  
Long Tail ◽  
And Control

Traces of pesticides imazalil, cypermethrin and carbendazim are detected in plants used for human consumption. To explore whether their application in oral combinations will induce DNA breaks in hepatocytes, a subchronic in vivo experiment was performed in Swiss mice. Doses of 10 mg kg–1 of imazalil (im) and cypermethrin (cy), and 20 mg kg–1 of carbendazim (car) and their combinations (im, 10 mg kg–1 + cy, 10 mg kg–1; im, 10 mg kg–1 + car, 20 mg kg–1; car, 20 mg kg–1 + cy, 10 mg kg–1) were applied daily for 28 days. Afterward, DNA damage in hepatocytes was evaluated by comet assay. Individually, imazalil and cypermethrin damaged DNA at alkali-labile sites, while the tail moment (TM) of carbendazim alone was similar to control but with higher tail length. In combination with carbendazim clastogen, properties of imazalils and cypermethrins were potentiated compared to all other treatments and control. There were pronounced sex differences in pattern of fragmentation between treated groups. Higher long tail nuclei (LTN) in females indicate that certain cells in females were especially prone to total nucleus disintegration. Due to synergistic effects, low environmentally present concentrations of imazalil and cypermethrin in food, and especially their mixtures with carbendazim have genotoxic potential that could be particularly dangerous over prolonged exposure in mammalian organism.

Curcumin-containing Silver Nanoparticles prevent carbon tetrachlorideinduced hepatotoxicity in mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossam Ebaid ◽  
Mohamed Habila ◽  
Iftekhar Hassan ◽  
Jameel Al-Tamimi ◽  
Mohamed S. Omar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Liquid Paraffin ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Hepatic Tissue ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Impact

Background: Hepatotoxicity remains an important clinical challenge. Hepatotoxicity observed in response to toxins and hazardous chemicals may be alleviated by delivery of the curcumin in silver nanoparticles (AgNPs-curcumin). In this study, we examined the impact of AgNPs-curcumin in a mouse model of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic injury. Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice were divided into three groups (n=8 per group). Mice in group 1 were treated with vehicle control alone, while mice in Group 2 received a single intraperitoneal injection of 1 ml/kg CCl4 in liquid paraffin (1:1 v/v). Mice in group 3 were treated with 2.5 mg/kg AgNPs-curcumin twice per week for three weeks after the CCl4 challenge. Results: Administration of CCL4 resulted in oxidative dysregulation, including significant reductions in reduced glutathione and concomitant elevations in the level of malondialdehyde (MDA). CCL4 challenge also resulted in elevated levels of serum aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT); these findings were associated with the destruction of hepatic tissues. Treatment with AgNPs-curcumin prevented oxidative imbalance, hepatic dysfunction, and tissue destruction. A comet assay revealed that CCl4 challenge resulted in significant DNA damage as documented by a 70% increase in nuclear DNA tail-length; treatment with AgNPs-curcumin inhibited the CCL4-mediated increase in nuclear DNA tail-length by 34%. Conclusion: Administration of AgNPs-curcumin resulted in significant antioxidant activity in vivo. This agent has the potential to prevent the hepatic tissue destruction and DNA damage that results from direct exposure to CCL4.

In vitro toxicological assessment of flumethrin’s effects on MCF-7 breast cancer cells

2021 ◽  
pp. 096032712110227
Author(s):  
S Kara-Ertekin ◽  
S Yazar ◽  
M Erkan
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Tail Moment ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Toxicological Assessment ◽  
Estrogenic Effects ◽  
Pyrethroid Pesticides ◽  
Mcf 7

Pyrethroid pesticides are frequently used for household insect control of insects and in agriculture and livestock. Flumethrin is a pyrethroid that is used against ectoparasites in many animals. The goal of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic, apoptotic, genotoxic, and estrogenic effects of flumethrin on the mammalian breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). Compared with control groups, a dose-dependent decrease was observed in cell viability at concentrations of 100 µM and higher. The cytotoxic and apoptotic effects detected by LDH assay and AO/EtBr staining increased significantly at a concentration of 1000 µM. The expression of BCL2, which is an anti-apoptotic gene, significantly decreased, whereas BAX, TP53, and P21 expression significantly increased. The results of a comet assay indicated that flumethrin significantly changed tail length, tail % DNA, tail moment, and Olive tail moment in concentrations above 1 and 10 µM. In addition, a 0.1 µM concentration of flumethrin affected ERα receptor mediated cell proliferation and increased transcription of estrogen-responsive pS2 (TFF1) and progesterone receptor (PGR) genes. As a result, flumethrin-induced apoptosis and cytotoxicity at a high concentration, while induced genotoxicity even at lower concentrations. Flumethrin is an endocrine disrupting insecticide with estrogenic effects at very low concentrations.

Highly sensitive detection of DNA damage in living cells by SERS and electrochemical measurements using a flexible gold nanoelectrode

The Analyst ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zhou ◽  
Dan Yang ◽  
Guohui Liu ◽  
Siying Li ◽  
Wennan Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Electrochemical Measurements ◽  
Sensitive Detection ◽  
Dna Oxidative Damage ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Highly Sensitive Detection ◽  
Gold Nanoelectrode

Guanine (G) oxidation products, such as 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and 8-oxo-guanine (8-OXOG), have been widely studied as promising biomarkers for DNA oxidative damage.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document