Effect of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 genetic polymorphism on individualized application of fentanyl in thoracoscopic surgery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Shengyan ◽  
Yao Yibing ◽  
Kong Min ◽  
Zhou Xuyan ◽  
Shen Xu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Genetic Polymorphism ◽  
Thoracoscopic Surgery ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
American Society

Abstract Background: Studies have confirmed that CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 genotypes affect fentanyl metabolism in vivo. This study explores the application value of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 genetic polymorphism in the individualized use of fentanyl in thoracoscopic surgery. Patients and Methods: One hundred American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I or II patients, aged 40–65 years, with a body mass index of <30 kg/㎡ were scheduled for thoracoscopic surgery for lung cancer under general anesthesia. The patients were divided into the wild homozygote group (group I), heterozygote group (group II), and mutant homozygote group (group III) according to gene detection results. The induction dose of fentanyl was 6 µg/kg, 5 µg/kg, and 4 µg/kg, respectively; the background infusion rate of patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) was 2 mL/h, 1.5 mL/h, and 1 mL/h, respectively; the patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) dose was 2 mL, 1.5 mL, and 1 mL, respectively; the locking time was 15 min; and the visual analog scale (VAS) score of ≤ 3 was used as the effective analgesia. The operation and recovery times were recorded. Surgical plethysmography index (SPI) and blood glucose levels were recorded on admission, immediately after tracheal intubation, during skin cutting, during surgery for 1 h, and during skin suturing. Furthermore, the VAS and Bruggemann comfort scale (BCS) scores were recorded in the resting states of immediate consciousness and 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h after the operation. The total fentanyl consumption, the effective times of PCIA compression, and the incidence of adverse drug reactions (nausea, vomiting, itching, sleepiness, and respiratory depression) were recorded during the operation and within 48 h after the operation. Results: No significant intergroup differences in terms of SPI and blood glucose levels (p > 0.05) were observed. No statistically significant difference in VAS and BCS scores was found after operation (p > 0.05). The intraoperative and postoperative fentanyl doses and the amount of effective PCA decreased in all groups (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the incidence of adverse reactions within 48 h after surgery between all groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: This study suggests that it is feasible to use individualized application of fentanyl according to CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 genotypes

scholarly journals EFFECT OF HONEY CONSUMPTION AFTER PHYSICAL EXERCISES ON ELECTROLYTES AND BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (Spl-2-ICOPMES_2020) ◽  
pp. S274-S279
Author(s):  
Aliyah . ◽  
◽  
Ratna Dwi Pujiarti Rahman ◽  
Elly Wahyudin ◽  
Rifka Nurul Utami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
P Value ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Physical Exercises ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Honey Solution

Honey has been used as food and medicine for thousands of years. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of honey in restoring the levels of electrolytes and blood glucose after performing physical exercises. The effect of honey consumption on electrolyte and blood glucose levels was examined on12 healthy male subjects, which were divided into 4 groups with three members in each group. Group I was treated as control and provided only 250 ml of mineral water after exercise, while group II was provided 250 ml commercial isotonic beverage, group III provided honey solution 1 (15 ml honey/250 ml water), and group IV provided honey solution 2 (45 ml honey/250 ml water). The physical exercise performed by the subjects is running on a treadmill at a speed of 5.6 km/h for 40 minutes. Measurements of electrolyte and blood glucose levels were performed 24 hrs before as initial baseline, and these were also measured after the physical exercise as well as after the treatment. Results of the study revealed that honey played a significant role in the restore electrolyte and blood glucose levels in people who have performed physical activities such as exercising and the effect of honey is similar to the commercial isotonic beverage. However, no significant difference (p-value > 0.05) was reported between the honey solution 1 and 2 and other treatment groups in elevating sodium and chloride level.

Conventional approach to glucose management for diabetic patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery

Perfusion ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia A Gustafson ◽  
Debra L Zarro ◽  
David A Palanzo ◽  
Norman J Manley ◽  
Ralph M Montesano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Insulin Infusion ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type I ◽  
Cardioplegic Solution ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii

Continuous insulin infusion was not an effective mode of treatment in maintaining safe blood glucose levels (<200 mg/dl) during the intraoperative period of diabetic patients requiring open-heart surgery. The two modifications investigated to gain better control of the blood glucose were a change in the base solution of the cardioplegia and the use of a sliding insulin scale. Fifty patients including Type I and Type II diabetics were selected for the purpose of this study. The patients were then randomly divided into two groups categorized by the type of cardioplegic solution administered and the mode of insulin treatment. Group I patients received a dextrose 5%-based cardioplegic solution and blood glucose was treated via continuous intravenous insulin infusion. Group II patients received normal saline 0.9%-based cardioplegic solution and blood glucose was treated via sliding scale. Blood glucose levels were monitored pre- and postcardio- pulmonary bypass (CPB) and every 30 min while on CPB. Glucose values were analyzed by group t test. A p value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. When comparing Group I (mean=258 mg/dl) with Group II (mean= 158 mg/dl), there was a statistically significant difference between the glucose values at each of the time intervals when the glucose values were recorded. In conclusion, Group II maintained an acceptable blood glucose level (<200 mg/dl) throughout the entire intra- operative period, which suggests that the combination of the sliding insulin scale and modification of the base cardioplegic solution was an effective mode of treatment.

Carbohydrate metabolism of mice exposed to simulated changes in gravity

1964 ◽  
Vol 207 (2) ◽  
pp. 411-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiro Oyama ◽  
William T. Platt
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
Critical Function ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Glycogen Deposition ◽  
Adrenal Corticosterone

Unrestrained mice were centrifuged for varying periods ranging from 0.5 to 10 hr at 2.5, 5, and 10 x gravity. Liver glycogen and blood glucose levels increased significantly depending on the g load and exposure time. Adrenalectomy completely abolished the glycogen deposition response. The glycogen response was a critical function of the age of mice; unweaned mice did not respond. Blood corticosterone increased significantly prior to the deposition of glycogen. Centrifuged fed mice deposited three times the amount of glycogen of fasted mice. There was no significant difference in the amount of glycogen deposited in centrifuged mice previously starved for 1, 2, or 3 days. It is concluded that the increased glycogen deposited following centrifugation is effected by an increased elaboration of adrenal corticosterone.

The Effect of Yacon Leaf Powder (Smallanthus Sonchifolius) on White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Blood Glucose Levels with High Sugar Diet

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-220
Author(s):  
Thatit Nurmawati ◽  
Sandi Alfa Wiga Arsa ◽  
Nawang Wulandari ◽  
Agus Saparudin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Smallanthus Sonchifolius ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Treatment Dose ◽  
Significant Difference

Maintaining a lifestyle can reduce the incidence of DM (diabetes mellitus). DM occurs due to insulin disorders so that blood glucose levels increase, which can lead to various complications. The management of blood glucose levels by activating the insulin function can be done by using natural ingredients such as the Yakon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) plant. Yakon leaves contain phenol which can reduce blood glucose. The design of this study was experimental with a pre-posttest approach with control-group design, using male and healthy white rats (Rattus norvegicus). Rats were divided into 3 groups, treatment dose 1, treatment dose 2 and control. The rats were given a high carbohydrate diet during 9 weeks to make the rats hyperglycemic. In the treatment group, dose 1 was 150 mg/kg BW, dose 2 was 300 mg kg BW, and was given for 3 days. The results showed that the rats in the treatment group dose 1 had decreased in the average blood sugar level of 114.10 mg / dl (p 0.002) and dose 2 was 105.27 mg / dl (p 0.005). This showed that there was an effect of treatments on blood sugar levels. The comparison results showed that there was a significant difference between the dose 1, the dose 2 group and the control (Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.001 (α) = 0.05). There was no significant difference in the treatment group dose 1 and treatment dose 2 (Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.693, (α) = 0.05). Yakon leaves can be used alternative to lower to control blood glucose levels in rats receiving a high-carbohydrate diet

scholarly journals EFFECT OF THE AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF CLERODENDRUM THOMSONIAE LINN (VERBENACEAE) LEAVES ON TYPE 2 DIABETIC WISTAR RATS INDUCED BY THE MACAPOS1 TYPE DIET AND DEXAMETHASONE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Martial Deutchoua Ngounou ◽  
Yannick Dimitry Mang ◽  
Faustin Dongmo ◽  
Oumar Waassili Ibrahim Malla ◽  
Sélestin Sokeng Dongmo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Aim and objective: Clerodendrum thomsoniae leaves are used in Cameroon to manage diabetes and its related disorders. The study aimed at investigating the antidiabetic effect of the aqueous extract on diet and dexamethasone induced diabetic rats. Methods: Young mature leaves of C thomsoniae were dried, finely powdered and submitted to aqueous extraction. The dehydrated extract was tested in rats at 3 doses 312.5, 625 and 1250 mg/kg based on the local use of the plant. The effect of the extract on the fasting blood glucose in normoglycemic rats and MACAPOS 1 type diet induced diabetic rats, using respectively glibenclamide and metformin as positive control groups, were investigated. Results: AECT significantly reduced blood glucose levels in normoglycemic rats (p<0.05) two hours after administration, from 83±2 mg/dL to 57.39±1.7 mg/dL with the dose of 1250 mg/kg. given the highest reduction rate of 30.86%. In normoglycemic rats 30 minutes after oral glucose overload, the maximum reduction rate was observed with glibenclamide 5 mg / kg and calculated at 49.90% followed by 36.39%, for the extract at 1250 mg / kg. After 30 days of repeated oral administration, AECT produced a reduction on blood glucose levels (p<0.05) in type 2 diabetic rats. This reduction in blood sugar was much more expressed with the dose of 1250mg/kg (73.52±0.71 mg/dL) followed by metformin 38mg/kg (70.21±0.89 mg/dL) as the normal control with no significant difference (P < 0.05). Conclusion: These results show that the antidiabetic activity of AECT can be explained by insulin stimulating effect, also give support to the traditional use of this plant.                   Peer Review History: Received 11 May 2021; Revised 17 June; Accepted 27 June, Available online 15 July 2021 Academic Editor: Dr. Asia Selman Abdullah,  Al-Razi university, Department of Pharmacy, Yemen, [email protected] UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency.  Received file:                Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.5/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 8.0/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Dr. Terhemen Festus Swem, Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria, [email protected] Taha A.I. El Bassossy, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt, [email protected] Prof. Dr. Ali Gamal Ahmed Al-kaf, Sana'a university, Yemen, [email protected]   Similar Articles: ANTIDIABETIC AND ANTIHYPERLIPIDEMIC ACTIVITY OF DRACAENA CINNABARI BALF. RESIN ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF SOQATRA ISLAND IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS THE SCOPING REVIEW OF CHINESE AND WESTERN MEDICINE TREATMENT OF DIABETIC FOOT IN ASIA ANTIHYPERGLYCEMIC AND ANTI-OXIDANT POTENTIAL OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF VITEX THYRSIFLORA LEAVES ON DIABETIC RATS EFFECTS OF EMODIN ON BLOOD GLUCOSE AND BODY WEIGHT IN TYPE 1 DIABETIC RATS

scholarly journals UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIDIABETES EKSTRAK ETANOL BUAH CABAI MERAH ( Capsicum annuum L. ) TERHADAP MENCIT PUTIH JANTAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulkarni Zulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Significant Difference

This Research was conducted to determine the effect of ethanol extract from red chilli (Capsicum annuum L)in lowering blood glucose levels of hyperglycemic male white mices. This study used 30 malewhitemices and divided into 6 groups: negative control group, the positive control group, the treatmentgroup withdosage of 200 mg / kgweight, 400 mg / kgwieght, 600 mg / kg weight and a comparison group with glibenclamide with dosage of 5 mg / kgweightadministered orally for 21 days. The level of fasting blood glucose was checked 6 days after dexamethasone induced, and after the ethanol extract of red chilies on day 7th, 14th, and 21st. The data was analyzed statistically with one –way and two-way Anova by usingSPSS16 program and proceed with the test Duncan to look the significant difference between treatments. The results showed that the ethanol extract from red chilies with a dosage of 200mg / kgweight, 400mg / kgweight, 600 mg / kgweight showed the effect in lowering blood sugar levels in male white mices hyperglycemia significantly (p <0.05). The duration ethanol extract of red chili affected blood glucose levels. The most effective duration in lowering blood glucose levels is the administration of a preparation within 21 days.

PSXV-16 Blood glucose dynamics after feeding in the Orlov trotter horses in the conditions of the training center in preparation for trotter-racing

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 356-357
Author(s):  
Olga Sharaskina
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Training Center ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Intensive Training ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Glucose Dynamics

Abstract It is necessary to consider the factors affecting the dynamics and blood glucose (BG) level to maintain a horse’s high performance and health during intensive training. The study aimed to research the influence of the feeding regime on the change in BG level in the Orlov trotter horses during the period of intensive training (summer) in the conditions of the stud farm’s training center in the Kaluga region (Russia). Horses aged 2 to 4 years, stallions (n = 7), and mares (n = 5) received commercial mixed feed three times a day and grass hay in free access. Four times a week after lunch, horses are released into the paddock with cut grass. Blood was collected from the jugular vein. Blood was collected before morning feeding and then every hour until four h after morning and afternoon feeding. The dynamics of BG changes depending on the presence or absence of the grass paddock after feeding were evaluated. If horses remained in the stall after feeding, the BG level gradually increased, reaching a maximum (4.95 ± 0.21 mmol/L) 3 hours after feeding and was significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) than when they were immediately moved to the paddock with grass. The maximum BG concentration in horses in the paddock was observed 1 hour after feeding (4.55 ± 0.21 mmol/L); it didn’t have significant differences with the BG level after 1 hour in “stall horses” (4.5 ± 0.14 mmol/L). Then the BG level of the “paddock horses” gradually decreased, and in the “stall horses” increased. No significant difference in BG levels was observed 4 hours after feeding. When horses can walk in a paddock after feeding concentrates and eat grass, blood glucose levels do not rise and tend to decrease.

The Effect of Ethanol Extract of Guava Leaf on Hypercholesterolemia-Diabetes of White Rats Male Induced by High Fat Feed and Streptozotocin

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-187
Author(s):  
Joni Tandi ◽  
Franciska Diana Pratiwi ◽  
Surisna Surisna ◽  
Niluh Puspita Dewi ◽  
Magfirah Magfirah
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Group I ◽  
Guava Leaf

This study aims to determine the effect of guava leaf extract (Psidiium guajava L) on hypercholesterolemia-diabetes and the effective dose for reducing cholesterol and blood glucose levels. This study is a laboratory experimental study using 30 rats divided into 6 test animals. the treatment group, each group consisted of 5 rats. Group I was normal control, group II negative control was given Na-CMC suspension, group III positive control was given simvastatin group IV dose 150 mg / kg BW, group V dose 250 mg / kg BW and group VI dose 350 mg / kg BW. The results showed that the ethanol extract of guava leaves had an effect on reducing blood glucose levels of male white rats with an effective dose of 250mg / kg BW with an average reduction of 119 mg/dL and effectively reduce cholesterol levels at a dose of 150 mg /kg BW with an average reduction of 28,33 mg/dL.

THE EFFECT OF ADRENALECTOMY, DIHYDROERGOTAMINE, AND DIBENZYLINE ON THE SENSITIVITY OF RATS TO TOLBUTAMIDE

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 2189-2195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary D. Hawkins ◽  
R. E. Haist
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
The Other ◽  
Compensatory Mechanisms ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tail Blood ◽  
Adrenalectomized Rats ◽  
Intact Rats

In the rat, the magnitude of the hypoglycaemic response to a dose of tolbutamide (50 mg/kg per os) which does not depress blood glucose levels to the point where adrenal compensatory mechanisms are stimulated is unaffected by adrenalectomy. On the other hand, when a dose is given which induces a greater hypoglycaemia (100 mg/kg per os) a very significant difference between adrenalectomized and sham-operated animals is observed, the adrenalectomized rats displaying a far greater sensitivity to the hypoglycaemic action of this compound. In intact rats, the hypoglycaemia induced by tolbutamide (100 mg/kg per os) is lessened by pretreatment of the animals with Dibenzyline (4 mg/kg) but enhanced by the prior injection of dihydroergotamine (2 mg/kg). Larger doses of dihydroergotamine alone cause a reduction in glucose levels of tail blood which is greater than that found in carotid blood samples withdrawn at the same times.

scholarly journals Oral DhHP-6 for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Wang ◽  
Yu Su ◽  
Yuting Liang ◽  
Yanhui Song ◽  
Liping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with pancreatic β-cell dysfunction which can be induced by oxidative stress. Deuterohemin-βAla-His-Thr-Val-Glu-Lys (DhHP-6) is a microperoxidase mimetic that can scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vivo. In our previous studies, we demonstrated an increased stability of linear peptides upon their covalent attachment to porphyrins. In this study, we assessed the utility of DhHP-6 as an oral anti-diabetic drug in vitro and in vivo. DhHP-6 showed high resistance to proteolytic degradation in vitro and in vivo. The degraded DhHP-6 product in gastrointestinal (GI) fluid retained the enzymatic activity of DhHP-6, but displayed a higher permeability coefficient. DhHP-6 protected against the cell damage induced by H2O2 and promoted insulin secretion in INS-1 cells. In the T2DM model, DhHP-6 reduced blood glucose levels and facilitated the recovery of blood lipid disorders. DhHP-6 also mitigated both insulin resistance and glucose tolerance. Most importantly, DhHP-6 promoted the recovery of damaged pancreas islets. These findings suggest that DhHP-6 in physiological environments has high stability against enzymatic degradation and maintains enzymatic activity. As DhHP-6 lowered the fasting blood glucose levels of T2DM mice, it thus represents a promising candidate for oral administration and clinical therapy.

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