scholarly journals Perceived risk of COVID-19 in Central Indian population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noopur Kokane ◽  
Vandana Kokane ◽  
Jasleen Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
The People ◽  
False Sense ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Second Wave

Abstract Background: risk perception influences the behavior of the people. With gradual unlocking in India it is important to understand the perceived risk of people for COVID-19 issue as it might influence number of new positive cases in India.Material and method: this was an online survey which measured the perceived risk under two domain, risk perception of disease and trust people have in authorities and themselves to fight against COVID-19. SPSS 23.0 was used for data analysis.Result: Total sample size is 797. Only participants above age of 60 have high risk perception. But overall risk perception is low. All have high trust in scientist to develop an effective vaccine soon. The overall trust of participants is high which resulted in low risk perception. According to our study participants have low perceived risk. Conclusion: with low perceived risk, there and chances of increase of cases in COVID-19 positive patients. And people should not be misled by false sense of immunity and authorities should be prepared for second wave.

Perception of injury risk in Muay Thai kickboxing

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Strotmeyer ◽  
Reidar P. Lystad
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Sports Injuries ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Combat Sports ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Actual Risk ◽  
Comparative Risk

Introduction. Notwithstanding the important role risk perception may play in the occurrence and prevention of sports injuries, there is very limited empirical data pertaining to athletes in combat sports. Hence, the purpose of this study was to examine the injury risk perception among Muay Thai fighters. Material and methods. Muay Thai fighters completed an online survey in which they rated the perceived risk of injury in a range of different sports. Perceived comparative risk was obtained indirectly by subtracting perceived risk of injury to oneself from perceived risk of injury to a peer. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, comparison of means, and ordinal logistic regression. Results. Muay Thai fighters perceived the risk of injury in their own sport to be significantly lower than that in other collision and contact sports, including popular combat sports such as boxing and mixed martial arts. On average, Muay Thai fighters perceived their own risk injury to be significantly lower compared to their peers (p < .001). Conclusions. There appears to be a mismatch between actual and perceived injury risk among Muay Thai fighters, who, moreover, exhibit a significant degree of comparative optimism. Because behaviour is determined by perceived rather than actual risk, underestimation of injury risk may lead to an increased frequency of injury. Future injury prevention strategies in combat sports such as Muay Thai kickboxing should consider educational- and psychosocial-based interventions that include efforts to correct erroneous beliefs and attitudes about actual risk of injury in the sport.

scholarly journals Risk Perception of COVID-19 Infection and Adherence to Preventive Measures among Adolescents and Young Adults

Children ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 311
Author(s):  
Xin Yu Yang ◽  
Rui Ning Gong ◽  
Samuel Sassine ◽  
Maxime Morsa ◽  
Alexandra Sonia Tchogna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Partners ◽  
Health Measures

To explore factors influencing adolescents and young adults’ (AYAs) risk perception of COVID-19 and adherence to public health measures, we conducted a cross-sectional online survey of AYAs (14–22 years old) from Quebec (Canada) recruited through school and community partners in April 2020 during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study included 3037 participants (mean age = 17.7 years, 74.6% female). AYAs had higher mean (standard deviation (SD)) risk perception of COVID-19 for their relatives (8.2 (1.9)) than for themselves (5.6 (2.6)) (p < 0.001). Factors associated with higher risk perception included higher disease knowledge (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.06, 95% CI 1.01–1.11), presence of chronic disease (aOR 2.31, 95%CI 1.82–2.93) and use of immunosuppressants (aOR 2.53, 95%CI 1.67–3.87). AYAs with a higher risk perception (aOR 1.06, 95%CI 1.02–1.10) those wishing to help flatten the disease curve (aOR 1.18, 95%CI 1.12–1.25) or to protect their family/friends (aOR 1.14, 95%CI 1.05–1.24) were more likely to engage in preventive behaviors. Self-perceived risk and desire to protect others were significantly associated with adherence to preventive measures among youth. These findings may help inform public health messaging to AYAs in the current and future pandemics.

scholarly journals Demographics of COVID19 vaccine hesitancy during the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional web-based survey in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Abdulrahman Almohaithef ◽  
Bijaya Kumar Padhi ◽  
Soukaina Abdulmajed Ennaceur
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Second Wave

Background: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is considered a major global public health threat affecting across the life course and socioeconomic aspects of life. Globally acceptance to an effective vaccine is the most anticipated resolution. This study aims to evaluate intent to be vaccinated among public in Saudi Arabia during the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional web-based study was designed in Saudi Arabia. Study participants (N=658) were recruited through snowball sampling. SurveyMonkey platform was used to record the response. Cross-tabulation were performed by participants intention to vaccinate against COVID-19 virus with sociodemographic characteristics and respondents risk perception towards COVID-19, trust in the healthcare system, and their history of vaccine hesitancy behavior. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to compute the predictors of vaccination intention among the study participants. Results: 658 participants were completed the survey (females = 47.4%). Of the 658 participants 351 (53.3%) have shown intent to be vaccinated. 519 (78.8%) of the participants were reported to be at high risk of COVID-19, and 307 (46.6%) were reported to trust the healthcare system in the country. The multivariable analysis shows respondents with a high-risk perception (OR: 2.27, 95% CI: 1.49-3.48); higher trust in the healthcare system (OR: 3.24, 95% CI: 2.32-4.61) was found to be the significant factor affecting the decision in acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine in Saudi Arabia. Conclusion: Participants reported high knowledge towards COVID-19 virus, and vaccine developments. About half (46.6%) of the study participant reported refusal/hesitancy towards the vaccine during the second wave of the pandemic in Saudi Arabia. The study highlighted that higher risk perception and higher trust in the healthcare system were found to be the main reasons for participants' intentions behind the vaccination.

scholarly journals Perceived Stress, Knowledge, and Preventive Behaviors in Indian versus US-based Participants During COVID-19: A Survey Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankita Sinharoy ◽  
Shekhar Pal ◽  
Jishu Das ◽  
Pritish Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Preventive Behaviors ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
The People ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
As Stress

Rationale: India and the USA, the worst affected countries by COVID-19, experienced very different pandemic courses. By 2020, COVID-19 cases had steadily declined in India, whereas the fight continued in the US. The people of India and the USA perhaps perceived threats very differently, influenced by their knowledge, available healthcare facilities, and social security. We conducted an online survey study to compare COVID-related perceptions between Indian participants (IND-P) and US-based participants (US-P).Methods: COVID-related perceptions such as stress, knowledge, and preventive behaviors were measured with specific questionnaires, and normalized scores were computed. T-tests were used to compare the perception scores, while the Kruskal-Wallis-H (KWH) tests were used to compare socioeconomic distributions between participants from two countries. Generalized linear model (GLM) adjusted for sociodemographic confounders estimated the association between the country of residence and COVID-perception.Results: The IND-P (N = 242) were younger and male-dominated compared with the US-P (N = 531) (age: KWH = 97.37, p &lt; 0.0001, gender: KWH = 140.38, p &lt; 0.0001). Positive attitudes toward preventive guidelines were associated with higher perceived risk and stress (r = 0.35, p &lt; 0.001, and r = 0.21, p &lt; 0.001, respectively) but not with the knowledge (r = −0.05, p = 0.14). Compared with the US-P, the IND-P had lower knowledge (5.19 ± 1.95 vs. 7.82 ± 1.35; t-test: p &lt; 0.0001), higher stress (7.01 ± 1.51 vs. 6.07 ± 1.61; t-test: p &lt; 0.0001), and better adherence to preventive guidelines (8.84 ± 1.30 vs. 8.34 ± 2.09; t-test: p = 0.0006). GLM demonstrated a significant association between the country and COVID-perception scores.Conclusion: The IND-P experienced higher stress and perceived threat during COVID-19 than the US-P, perhaps due to a lack of faith in the healthcare system and insecurity. Despite lower knowledge, the IND-P had better acceptance of preventive guidelines than the US-P.

scholarly journals Self-Affirmation Effect on Risk Perception and the Moderating Role of Self-Efficacy in Anti-Alcohol Messages

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Milena Stanojlović Ph.D ◽  
Prof. Ubaldo Cuesta Cambra ◽  
Ph.D. Candidate Borja Paredes
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Defensive Responses ◽  
The People ◽  
Daily Alcohol Intake ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Message Acceptance

The beneficial effect of self-affirmation on the reduction of people’s defensive responses and the increase in message acceptance has been widely demonstrated in different health-related topics. However, little is known about the specific conditions in which self-affirmation strategies might be more effective. Our objective is to explore the interplay of self-affirmation and self-efficacy in the context of alcohol consumption. Recruited participants were randomly assigned to either a self-affirmation group or a no-treatment group and exposed to a video describing several consequences of alcohol consumption. Following the message exposure, participant’s drinking refusal self-efficacy was measured together with their perceived risk of daily alcohol intake. In line with our predictions, self-affirmed individuals who reported higher drinking refusal self-efficacy perceived daily alcohol consumption as a significantly higher risk than those who were assigned to the no-treatment condition. In contrast, for individuals with low drinking refusal self-efficacy, there was no significant difference in the perceived risk between the self-affirmed and the non-affirmed. We predicted and showed that self-affirmation influences the risk perception of daily drinking only for the people who reported higher drinking refusal self-efficacy. This indicates that self-efficacy could be an important factor that moderates the effect of self-affirmation in alcohol consumption domain.

scholarly journals COVID-19: Perceived Infection Risk and Barriers to Uptake of Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna Vaccines Among Community Healthcare Workers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tolulope B. Famuyiro ◽  
Abayomi Ogunwale ◽  
Jude des Bordes ◽  
Mukaila Raji
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Healthcare

Abstract Background The health and economic ramifications of the coronavirus pandemic have prompted the need for a timely and effective vaccine development. While the rollout of the COVID-19 vaccine in record time is being hailed as a scientific feat, skepticism about the safety, side effects, and even its long-term effects remain. Acceptance of the vaccine may therefore be a challenge among healthcare workers (HCWs), whose role is considered a proxy to determining the COVID-19 vaccine uptake response by the general population. Methods In December 2020, prior to the arrival and receipt of the Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna COVID-19 vaccine, we conducted a cross-sectional survey to assess the readiness for vaccine uptake among HCWs at three community-based, university-affiliated health centers. Results A total of 205 (82%) respondents out of 250 completed the questionnaire. Fifty-four percent of respondents agreed to receive vaccine once available. Females (odds ratio (OR) =0.22, p=0.014), non-Hispanic Blacks (OR=0.066, p=0.010), and Hispanics (OR=0.11, p=0.037) were less likely to accept the vaccine. Respondents with moderate-risk perception were more likely to accept (OR=2.79, p=0.045) compared to those with low-risk perception while no association was found between high-risk perception and vaccine acceptance (p=0.226). After adjusting for perceived risk, sex, race/ethnicity, and age, acceptance in non-Hispanic Black population remained statistically significant (adjusted OR=0.07, p=0.014), with Hispanic (AOR=0.12, p=0.051) showing a trend. Conclusions Enthusiastic acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine is lacking among surveyed HCWs of certain racial/ethnic groups. Provision of resources and public health interventions targeting underserved, minority populations are necessary to halt opposition to vaccine uptake.

scholarly journals Vaccine hesitancy for coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 in North India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Utkarsh Srivastav ◽  
Avanish Kumar Tripathi ◽  
Jagjeet Kaur ◽  
Sabita Devi ◽  
Shipra Verma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Population ◽  
North India ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Resistant Variant ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
Roll Out

With the roll-out of worlds largest vaccine drive for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by Government of India on January 16 2021, India has targeted to vaccinate its entire population by the end of year 2021. Struggling with vaccine procurement and production earlier, India came up with these hurdles but the Indian population still did not seem to be mobilizing swiftly towards vaccination centers. With the initial hesitancy, as soon as the vaccination started to speedup, India was hit severely by the second wave. The severe second wave has slowed down the vaccination pace and also it was one of the major contributing factor of vaccine hesitancy. To understand the nature of vaccine hesitancy and factors underlying it, we conducted an extensive online and offline surveys in Varanasi and adjoining regions using structured questions. Majority of respondents though were students (0.633), respondents from other occupations such as government officials (0.10) were also included in the study. We observed several intriguing opinions on our eleven questions. It is interesting to note that the majority of the people (0.75) relied on fake news and did not take COVID-19 seriously. Most importantly, we noticed that a substantial proportion of respondents (relative frequency 0.151; mean age 24.8 years) reported that they are still not interested in vaccination. People who have neither been vaccinated nor have ever been infected may become the medium for spreading the virus and creating new variants. This could also lead to a resistant variant of the vaccine in the future. We expect that this extensive survey may help the government to upgrade their vaccination policies for COVID-19 in North India.

scholarly journals Why people were less compliant with public health regulations during the second wave of the Covid-19 outbreak: The role of trust in governmental organizations, future anxiety, fatigue, and Covid-19 risk perception

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiano Scandurra ◽  
Vincenzo Bochicchio ◽  
Pasquale Dolce ◽  
Paolo Valerio ◽  
Benedetta Muzii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Protective Behaviors ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
Health Regulations

AbstractTrust in governmental organizations is a crucial factor in terms of encouraging people to conform to public health regulations, such as those recommended to slow down the spread of SARS-CoV-2. However, trust in governmental organizations tends to decline over time, reducing the compliance with public health regulations. This study aimed at exploring, first, the role of future anxiety and fatigue as serial mediators of the relationship between trust in governmental organizations and protective behaviors, and, secondly, the role of Covid-19 risk perception as a moderator between fatigue and protective behaviors. A total of 948 Italian participants (302 males and 646 females), ranged from 18 to 80 years (M = 27.20, SD = 11.01), answered an online survey during the second wave of the Covid-19 outbreak. A moderated serial mediation model was performed using a structural equation modeling. The results indicate that: (1) a higher trust in Italian governmental organizations was associated with a greater compliance in terms of adopting protective behaviors; (2) a lower trust in Italian governmental organizations increased anxiety about the future which, in turn, raised levels of fatigue, leading, finally, to a reduction in the levels of protective behaviors; and (3) as the perceived risk related to Covid-19 increased, the effect of fatigue on protective behaviors decreased. The findings of the current study may provide indications for public health policy on how to increase compliance with the recommended behaviors to be adopted in order to decrease the spread of the SARS-CoV-2.

scholarly journals Risk Perception in a Real-World Situation (COVID-19): How It Changes From 18 to 87 Years Old

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessia Rosi ◽  
Floris Tijmen van Vugt ◽  
Serena Lecce ◽  
Irene Ceccato ◽  
Martine Vallarino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Real World ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Perception Of Risk ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Real World Situation

Studies on age-related differences in risk perception in a real-world situation, such as the recent COVID-19 outbreak, showed that the risk perception of getting COVID-19 tends to decrease as age increases. This finding raised the question on what factors could explain risk perception in older adults. The present study examined age-related differences in risk perception in the early stages of COVID-19 lockdown, analyzing variables that can explain the differences in perception of risk at different ages. A total of 1,765 adults aged between 18 and 87 years old completed an online survey assessing perceived risk severity and risk vulnerability of getting COVID-19, sociodemographic status, emotional state, experience relating to COVID-19, and physical health status. Results showed that the older the participants, the lower the perceived vulnerability to getting COVID-19, but the higher the perceived severity. Different predictors explain the perception of risk severity and vulnerability at different ages. Overall, self-reported anxiety over the pandemic is a crucial predictor in explaining risk perceptions in all age groups. Theoretical and practical implications of the empirical findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Did Low Risk Perception Mediate the COVID-19 Second Wave in Bangladesh? A Cross-sectional Study on Risk Perception and Preventive Practice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah Naz Rahman ◽  
AKM Fazlur Rahman ◽  
Shah Monir Hossain ◽  
Mohammad Abul Faiz ◽  
Abu Jamil Faisel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Preventive Practice ◽  
Preventive Practices ◽  
Second Wave

Objective This study assessed the risk perception and preventive behavioral practice towards COVID-19 just prior to the second wave of corona, as well as the impact of perceived risk on preventive practices. Design, setting, participants, and outcome measures A cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2020 and January 2021, involving 1382 respondents aged 18 years and above from all eight divisions in Bangladesh. We used multiple linear regression to identify sociodemographic predictors of risk perception and multiple logistic regression to determine the relationship between risk perception and preventive practice. Results Low risk perception regarding COVID-19 was present among one-fifth of the respondents (19.8%). Younger age, being male, low education, single marital status, and rural residence were significantly associated with a low perceived risk of COVID-19. Hand washing and wearing mask were practiced by 80% and 67% of respondents, respectively. A low prevalence was noticed for social distancing (31%), avoiding social gathering (31%), and covering face while coughing/sneezing (18%). Furthermore, respondents with a high risk perception were found to be more likely than those with a low risk perception to practice all recommended COVID-19 preventive behaviors- hand washing (OR=2.4, 95% CI=1.5, 3.7), mask use (OR=3.4, 95% CI=2.3, 5), social distancing (OR=3.7, 95% CI=2.4, 5.6), sanitizer use (OR=2.7, 95% CI=1.8, 4.1), avoiding gathering (OR=2.3, 95% CI=1.6, 3.5), avoid touching face and mouth (OR=2.8, 95% CI=1.5, 5.3), and covering mouth while coughing/sneezing (OR=7, 95% CI=3.6, 13.4). Conclusion Considerable number of Bangladeshi adults had low risk perception and low practice of some vital COVID-19 preventive behaviors before the onset of second wave of corona. All preventive practices were also influenced by risk perception. This highlights the importance of strengthening and optimizing risk communication strategy even when the number of corona cases are low.

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