scholarly journals Metagenomics Analysis of Race and Age influence on the Vaginal Microbiome in Pregnant and Non-pregnant Healthy Women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Golestani ◽  
Samira Ghaedmohammadi ◽  
Najmeh Mozdoori
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Vaginal Microbiome ◽  
Microbial Species ◽  
Healthy Women

Abstract Various human body parts are host to many microbial species and have a mutualistic relationship with them. The presence of these microbial species in reproductive tubes plays an essential protective role against the proliferation of harmful organisms and is an important factor in reproductive health. The vaginal microbiota during pregnancy plays a vital role in the health of the mother and the infant. Microbiota imbalance during pregnancy is associated with many complications. As a result, the detection of vaginal microbiota during pregnancy can reduce the risk of these problems. High-throughput culture-independent technologies allow the study of vaginal microbiome on a large scale. This study aimed to compare the vaginal microbiota between pregnant and non-pregnant healthy women of different age or race using the meta-analysis method. The results from 7 articles having 16S rRNA gene sequences, were extracted and analyzed by CLC. Data from 898 pregnant and 702 non-pregnant women showed that the Bacilli, Clostridia, Actinobacteria and Coriobacteria were the dominant classes in pregnancy. The vaginal microbiota in normal non-pregnancy is also predominated by Bacilli. Still, beta diversity maps demonstrated that non-pregnant vaginal microbiome is more variable than that in the pregnant state. This study reveals new insights into age and ethnic effects on the pregnant and non-pregnant vaginal microbiome and found that the microbiome of Chinese women was more distinct than the other races. It was also detected that the relative number of bacterial classes is dramatically lower in women above the age of 35 relative to younger ones.

scholarly journals Large-scale characterisation of the pregnancy vaginal microbiome and sialidase activity in a low-risk Chinese population

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherrianne Ng ◽  
Muxuan Chen ◽  
Samit Kundu ◽  
Xuefei Wang ◽  
Zuyi Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
Childhood Mortality ◽  
Vaginal Microbiome ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Sialidase Activity ◽  
Host Interactions ◽  
Host Immune Responses ◽  
Asian Populations

AbstractVaginal microbiota-host interactions are linked to preterm birth (PTB), which continues to be the primary cause of global childhood mortality. Due to population size, the majority of PTB occurs in Asia, yet there have been few studies of the pregnancy vaginal microbiota in Asian populations. Here, we characterized the vaginal microbiome of 2689 pregnant Chinese women using metataxonomics and in a subset (n = 819), the relationship between vaginal microbiota composition, sialidase activity and leukocyte presence and pregnancy outcomes. Vaginal microbiota were most frequently dominated by Lactobacillus crispatus or L. iners, with the latter associated with vaginal leukocyte presence. Women with high sialidase activity were enriched for bacterial vaginosis-associated genera including Gardnerella, Atopobium and Prevotella. Vaginal microbiota composition, high sialidase activity and/or leukocyte presence was not associated with PTB risk suggesting underlying differences in the vaginal microbiota and/or host immune responses of Chinese women, possibly accounting for low PTB rates in this population.

scholarly journals Large-scale characterisation of the pregnancy vaginal microbiome and sialidase activity in a low-risk Chinese population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherrianne Ng ◽  
Muxuan Chen ◽  
Samit Kundu ◽  
Xuefei Wang ◽  
Zu-Yi Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
Childhood Mortality ◽  
Vaginal Microbiome ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Sialidase Activity ◽  
Host Interactions ◽  
Host Immune Responses ◽  
The Relationship

Vaginal microbiota-host interactions are linked to preterm birth (PTB), which continues to be the primary cause of global childhood mortality. Despite the majority of PTB occuring in Asia, studies of the pregnancy vaginal microbiota are largely limited to Northern American and European populations. Here, we characterised the vaginal microbiome of 2689 pregnant Chinese women using metataxonomics and in a subset (n=823), the relationship between vaginal microbiota composition, sialidase activity and leukocyte presence and pregnancy outcomes. Vaginal microbiota were most frequently dominated by Lactobacillus crispatus or L. iners, with the latter associated with vaginal leukocyte presence. Women with high sialidase activity were enriched for bacterial vaginosis-associated genera including Gardnerella, Atopobium and Prevotella. Vaginal microbiota composition, high sialidase activity and/or leukocyte presence was not associated with PTB risk suggesting underlying differences in the vaginal microbiota and/or host immune responses of Chinese women, possibly accounting for low PTB rates in this population.

scholarly journals Distinction Between Vaginal and Cervical Microbiota in High-risk Human Papilloma Virus Infected Women in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhan Zhang ◽  
Ting Li ◽  
Dai Zhang ◽  
Xiaonan Zong ◽  
Huihui Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Technology ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Abstract Background: High-risk human papilloma virus (hrHPV) is regarded as the main causal factor of cervical precancer and cancer when persistent infection is left untreated. Previous studies have declared that HPV is associated with microecological environment of lower genital tract but haven’t discriminate vaginal microbiota from that of cervix. Objective: To analyze the distinction between vaginal and cervical microbiota in high-risk HPV(+) Chinese women. Methods: One hundred participants were recruited including 20 healthy women with HPV (-), 32 with other hrHPV (+), 38 subjects with HPV16/18 (+) and 10 with cervical carcinoma, demographics of whom were collected and analyzed. Vaginal and cervical microbiota were separately tested through next-generation sequencing technology (NGS) targeting the variable region (V3-V4) of bacterial ribosome 16S rRNA gene. Results: 1. Analysis of demographics demonstrated that hrHPV infected women tend to be accustomed to vaginal douching (p =0.001), show more frequent usage of sanitary pads (p =0.007), have more sex partners (p =0.047), be more sexually active (p =0.025), have more diverse ways of contraception (p =0.001) and history of vaginitis (p =0.002). 2. NGS identified microbial diversity of cervical microbiota was much higher than that of vagina with significantly increased Proteobacteria and decreased Lactobacillus. Variation of cervical microbiota of hrHPV(+) subjects partly similar to vaginal microbiota but had its unique features. Sphingomonas of α-Proteobacteria, almost invisible in the vagina, was more frequent at normal cervix whereas decreased remarkably at hrHPV(+) cervix. Reversely, γ-Proteobacteria showed a significant positive correlation with HPV16/18 and cervical cancer. BV related anaerobes like Gardnerella, Prevotella, Atopobium and Sneathia showed similar changes in both vaginal and cervical microbiota of hrHPV(+) women and did not exhibit cervical specificity. Conclusions: Cervical microbiota has its uniqueness from that of vagina in bacterial communities presenting a higher proportion of Proteobacteria, of which Sphingomonas is potentially predictive of a health guardian of hrHPV while Pseudomonas the opposite.

scholarly journals Recovery of Vaginal Microbiota after Standard Treatment for Bacterial Vaginosis Infection: An Observational Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 875
Author(s):  
Liisa Lehtoranta ◽  
Ashley A. Hibberd ◽  
Jenni Reimari ◽  
Jouni Junnila ◽  
Nicolas Yeung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Before And After

Vaginal microbiota dysbiosis and bacterial vaginosis (BV) affect negatively women’s health. Understanding vaginal microbiota fluctuations in BV during and after antibiotic treatment would facilitate accurate decision-making on the treatment regimen, avoid unnecessary antibiotic use, and potentially mitigate recurrence. We investigated vaginal microbiota composition of 30 women with BV before and after 5-day metronidazole treatment and compared the results with 30 healthy women. Vaginal microbiota was assessed by Nugent score and analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing in swabs on baseline Day 1, and on Day 8 and 15, after completion of antibiotic treatment by women with BV. Prior to antibiotic treatment (Day 1), BV-positive women were dominated by Lactobacillus iners (25.8%), Prevotella timonensis/bivia (18.0%), and Gardnerella vaginalis (14.6%), whereas healthy women were dominated by L. iners (37.5%) and Lactobacillus crispatus/acidophilus (19.2%). On Day 8, L. iners abundance increased in BV-treated women being significantly higher compared with healthy women (67.8% vs. 37.5%, p = 0.049). On Day 15, the relative abundance of all microbial taxa was similar between the groups. Vaginal microbiota of women with BV shifted to resemble that of healthy controls after metronidazole. Sequencing analysis provides more in-depth understanding of changes in vaginal microbiota. The role of L. iners in vaginal health and dysbiosis requires further investigations.

Characterization of vaginal microbiota in Chinese women with cervical squamous intra-epithelial neoplasia

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1500-1504
Author(s):  
Mengying Wu ◽  
Jing Gao ◽  
Yongqin Wu ◽  
Yanyun Li ◽  
Yisheng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Women ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Bacterial Composition ◽  
P Values ◽  
Hpv Status ◽  
Epithelial Lesion

ObjectivesAlthough persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a major cause of cervical squamous intra-epithelial neoplasia, the relationship between vaginal microbiota and different grades of squamous intra-epithelial neoplasia is not well established. We explored the possible relationship between the vaginal microbiota and the progression of cervical squamous intra-epithelial neoplasia.MethodsWe evaluated 69 women who attended the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University. The vaginal bacterial composition of three groups of women was characterized by deep sequencing of bar-coded 16S rRNA gene fragments (V3–4) using Illumina MiSeq. Exclusion criteria were any previous hysterectomy, history of cervical or other lower genital cancer, and/or destructive therapy of the cervix. Women who had autoimmune disorders, who were HIV positive, who received antibiotics within 15 days of sampling, or who had engaged in sexual intercourse or douching within 48 hours prior to sampling were also excluded. P values for age and proportions of organisms were calculated using one-way ANOVA and p values for HPV status and community state types (CSTs) were calculated using a χ2 test.ResultsThe vaginal bacterial composition of three groups of women, those without an intra-epithelial lesion or malignancy (n=31), those with a low-grade squamous intra-epithelial lesion (LSIL) (n=22), and those with a high-grade squamous intra-epithelial lesion (HSIL) (n=16) were analyzed. Lactobacillus was the most dominant genus overall. Prevotella and Streptococcus were increased in the HSIL group. Cervical disease progression was associated with the prevalence of high-risk HPV infection. Squamous intra-epithelial neoplasia converted the vaginal bacterial community structure from CSTs IV to II. Microbiota diversity was more pronounced in CST types II and IV (p<0.001), especially in type II. We found a significant enrichment in the Peptostreptococcaceae family, Pseudomonadales order, and other types of bacteria in the group of women without intra-epithelial lesions or malignancy compared with women with squamous intra-epithelial neoplasia. We found enrichment in Delftia in the LSIL and HSIL groups compared with the group without an intra-epithelial lesion or malignancy.ConclusionsOur results show that the vaginal microbiota is directly or indirectly related to the progression of squamous intra-epithelial neoplasia, and Delftia might be a microbiological hallmark of cervical pre-cancerous lesions.

scholarly journals Characterization of Vaginal Microbiota in Women With Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion That Can Be Modified by Drug Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuju Zhao ◽  
Yisheng Chen ◽  
Jing Gao ◽  
Mengyin Wu ◽  
Cui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveThe role of vaginal microbiota in recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate characteristics of vaginal microbiota and the effects of drug treatment on vaginal microbiota of patients with RSA.MethodsA case-control study was performed, in which non-pregnant patients who experienced RSA were selected and divided into untreated and drug-treated groups. Drug-treated patients were subdivided into the metformin group, metformin plus aspirin group, and other drugs group. Healthy women who had live births and never experienced spontaneous abortion were enrolled in the control group. Characteristics of vaginal microbiomes of patients with RSA and healthy women and the impact of drug treatment on the microbiome was evaluated via 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the V3-V4 region using the Illumina MiSeq platform.ResultsWomen who underwent RSA had lower microbial richness than healthy women. Compared to controls, the relative abundance of seven taxa (Megasphaera, Sneathia sanguinegens, Pseudomonas, Sphingomonas, Rhodococcus, Burkholderia- Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia, and Corynebacterium_1) in the patient’s vaginal microbiota changed significantly, which may be closely related to RSA. The composition of the vaginal microbial community in RSA patients was altered by drug treatment. Metformin combined with aspirin treatment significantly increased the relative abundance of vaginal Lactobacillus spp. in patients.ConclusionAn altered vaginal microbiome composition might be associated with RSA, which could be modified by drug treatment. The effect of metformin combined with aspirin on vaginal Lactobacillus is worthy of attention.

scholarly journals The rodent vaginal microbiome across the estrous cycle and the effect of genital nerve electrical stimulation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micah Levy ◽  
Christine M. Bassis ◽  
Eric Kennedy ◽  
Katie E. Yoest ◽  
Jill B. Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Baseline Period ◽  
Neural Stimulation ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Vaginal Microbiome ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Genital Arousal

AbstractTreatment options are limited for the approximately 40% of postmenopausal women worldwide who suffer from female sexual dysfunction (FSD). Neural stimulation has shown potential as a treatment for genital arousal FSD, however the mechanisms for its improvement are unknown. One potential cause of some cases of genital arousal FSD are changes to the composition of the vaginal microbiota, which is associated with vulvovaginal atrophy. The primary hypothesis of this study was that neural stimulation may induce healthy changes in the vaginal microbiome, thereby improving genital arousal FSD symptoms. In this study we used healthy rats, which are a common animal model for sexual function, however the rat vaginal microbiome is understudied. Thus this study also sought to examine the composition of the rat vaginal microbiota. Treatment rats (n=5) received 30 minutes of cutaneous electrical stimulation targeting the genital branch of the pudendal nerve, and Control animals (n=4) had 30-minute sessions without stimulation. Vaginal lavage samples were taken during a 14-day baseline period including multiple estrous periods and after twice-weekly 30-minute sessions across a six-week trial period. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences was used to characterize the rat vaginal microbiota in baseline samples and determine the effect of stimulation. We found that the rat vaginal microbiota is dominated by Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria, which changed in relative abundance during the estrous cycle and in relationship to each other. While the overall stimulation effects were unclear in these healthy rats, some Treatment animals had less alteration in microbiota composition between sequential samples than Control animals, suggesting that stimulation may help stabilize the vaginal microbiome. Future studies may consider additional physiological parameters, in addition to the microbiome composition, to further examine vaginal health and the effects of stimulation.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Vaginal Microbiome in Women with Infertility and Its Potential Correlation with Hormone Stimulation during In Vitro Fertilization Surgery

mSystems ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Changying Zhao ◽  
Zefeng Wei ◽  
Junjie Yang ◽  
Jiaming Zhang ◽  
Chunna Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Vaginal Microbiome ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Hormone Stimulation ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Healthy Women

ABSTRACT Perturbation of vaginal microbiome of reproductive-age women influences all the phases of a woman's reproductive life. Although studies have shown that dynamic changes in vaginal microbiome can affect pregnancy, its role in secondary infertility (i.e., inability to become pregnant or to carry a pregnancy successfully after previous success in delivering a child) and in vitro fertilization (IVF) remains to be unraveled. To determine the vaginal microbiome in women undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) and investigate its potential correlations with hormone stimulation, we recruited 30 patients with secondary infertility and receiving IVF and 92 matched healthy women and analyzed their vaginal microbiome composition using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Our results show that women suffering from infertility (infertile women) exhibit a significant decrease in microbiome diversity and richness compared with healthy women during the nonovulation period (follicular phase) (P < 0.01), whereas vaginal microbiome of healthy women reveals dramatic fluctuations during ovulation (P < 0.05). Interestingly, infertility patients show no change of the vaginal microbiome under conditions of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist and recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (r-hCG) induction (P > 0.05). Moreover, our results indicate that infertile women show characteristic variations in vaginal microbiome, such as increased abundance of Atopobium, Aerococcus, and Bifidobacterium and decreased abundance of Lactobacillus and Leuconostoc. IMPORTANCE The microbiome had been hypothesized to be involved in the physiology and pathophysiology of assisted reproduction before the first success in IVF, while the data supporting or refuting this hypothesis were less than conclusive. Thanks to sequencing data from the 16S rRNA subunit, we characterized the microbiome in the reproductive tract of infertile women, and we found that changes in the vaginal microbiome are related to female infertility. We also found that the characteristic microbiome bacteria are mainly members of several genera and that the vaginal microbiome of infertile women is not sensitive to hormonal changes during IVF. In conclusion, our report provides data that can be used for discovering the role of the vaginal microbiome in patients suffering from secondary infertility.

scholarly journals The vaginal microbiome of sub-Saharan African women: revealing important gaps in the era of next-generation sequencing

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9684
Author(s):  
Nkechi Martina Odogwu ◽  
Oladapo O. Olayemi ◽  
Akinyinka O. Omigbodun
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Marker Gene ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
African Population ◽  
African Women ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Vaginal Microbiome ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Accurate characterization of the vaginal microbiome remains a fundamental goal of the Human Microbiome project (HMP). For over a decade, this goal has been made possible deploying high-throughput next generation sequencing technologies (NGS), which indeed has revolutionized medical research and enabled large-scale genomic studies. The 16S rRNA marker-gene survey is the most commonly explored approach for vaginal microbial community studies. With this approach, prior studies have elucidated substantial variations in the vaginal microbiome of women from different ethnicities. This review provides a comprehensive account of studies that have deployed this approach to describe the vaginal microbiota of African women in health and disease. On the basis of published data, the few studies reported from the African population are mainly in non-pregnant post pubertal women and calls for more detailed studies in pregnant and postnatal cohorts. We provide insight on the use of more sophisticated cutting-edge technologies in characterizing the vaginal microbiome. These technologies offer high-resolution detection of vaginal microbiome variations and community functional capabilities, which can shed light into several discrepancies observed in the vaginal microbiota of African women in an African population versus women of African descent in the diaspora.

scholarly journals Vaginal microbiome analysis of healthy women during different periods of gestation

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Li ◽  
Xin-Zuo Chi ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Rui Chen ◽  
Jing-rong Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Lactobacillus Species ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Vaginal Microbiome ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Vaginal Microflora ◽  
Uncomplicated Pregnancy

Abstract To assess the vaginal microbiome throughout full-term uncomplicated pregnancy, a longitudinal study was designed for 12 healthy women who had prepared to become pregnant and then delivered at term (38–42 weeks) without complications. The vaginal microbial community was studied at pre-pregnancy, 8–12, 24–28, 37–38 weeks of gestation, and puerperium, using hypervariable tag sequencing of the V3–V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Sequencing produced approximately 10 million reads on the Illumina MiSeq. Members of the Firmicutes phyla were prevailing before and during pregnancy periods, and the proportion was quite as Proteobacteria until puerperium. Lactobacillus genus was abundant before and during pregnancy, but post-delivery vaginal microflora variety turned diverse. The species-level analysis revealed that a healthy vaginal microbiome before or during pregnancy was prominently dominated by Lactobacillus crispatus. Furthermore, PCoA analysis revealed for differences in the bacterial community composition between the two levels of Lactobacillus species in pre-pregnancy and pregnancy period (PC1 contribution of 58.46%, PC3 contribution of 8.64%). Based on the taxonomic and PCoA analysis, we found that L. crispatus was dominant in the vaginal microflora of healthy women before or during pregnancy, but at the puerperium, the status changed leading to decreased abundance of protective Lactobacillus species that made vaginal micro-ecological barrier vulnerable to diseases. Additionally, vaginal pH was an important environmental property affecting the vaginal microbial community.

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