scholarly journals First Report of New Delhi Metallo-β-Lactamase-1 (NDM-1) Among Escherichia Coli Strains Isolated from Leukemia Patients in Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdane Roshani ◽  
Alireza Goodarzi ◽  
Sanaz Dehbashi ◽  
Farhad Afrasiabi ◽  
Hossein Goudarzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Medical Centers ◽  
Life Threatening

Abstract Background: Escherichia coli has appeared as an important opportunistic pathogen responsible for nosocomial infections in Patients with immunodeficiency particularly in leukemia patients. New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM-1) is an enzyme that class of beta-lactam antibiotics and is used in treatment of multi-drug resistant (MDR) infections. Case Presentation: In this study, 80 isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae collected over the course of two years from two medical centers of Tehran, Iran. Production of carbapenemase was detected of the isolates using MHT. New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase 1 (blaNDM-1) genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification with specific primers 2 blaNDM-1 producing E.coli strains were isolated from 2 leukemia of patients, The isolates were resistant to carbapenems (imipenem, meropenem),two isolates were positive for carbapenemase production by Modified Hodge test.Conclusions: The emerging of NDM-1 producing E. coli is a threat for leukemia patients in Oncology and hematology departments. We concluded that the incidence of MDR pathogens increased amang patients with leukemia and is life threatening.

scholarly journals Detection of New Delhi Metallo b Lactamase gene in Uropathogenic E. coli

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
Sunjukta Ahsan ◽  
Anindita Bhowmik ◽  
Sharmistha Goswami ◽  
Nasir Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanate ◽  
Lactamase Gene

The rapid dissemination of antibiotic resistant E. coli is now a worldwide problem. In this study, a total of twenty E. coli obtained from stool were selected to determine resistance to beta lactam antibiotics. Beta–Lactamase are enzymes produced by bacteria that provide multi resistance to beta lactam antibiotics such as penicillin, cephalosporin, cephamycin and carbapenems. Of these isolates (n = 20), 35% were found resistant to Amoxicillin Clavulanate, 5% to Imipenem, 50% to Ceftriaxone and 75% to Ampicillin. PCR amplification confirmed the presence of the New Delhi beta-lactamase gene (blaNDM) in one isolate (5%, n=20). Plasmids of variable sizes were found in all the isolates. Beta lactam antibiotics are now commonly used for the treatment of disease. Resistance of 50% of the isolates to Ceftriaxone is alarming as this indicates that an alternative drug may soon need to replace this antibiotic for successful treatment. The finding of this study is also of public health concern as plasmids were found in most isolates and these mobile genetic elements can be transferred among clinical bacteria, thereby disseminating antibiotic resistance further limiting treatment options. Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 36 Number 1 June 2019, pp 29-33

scholarly journals New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 among Escherichia coli strains isolated from leukemia patients in Iran: two case reports

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdane Roshani ◽  
Alireza Goodarzi ◽  
Sanaz Dehbashi ◽  
Farhad Afrasiabi ◽  
Hossein Goudarzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Amplification ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Medical Centers ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Reaction Amplification

Abstract Background Escherichia coli has appeared as an important opportunistic pathogen responsible for nosocomial infections in patients with immunodeficiency, particularly in leukemia patients. New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase is an enzyme originally found in Enterobacteriaceae. Case presentation In this study, 80 isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were collected over the course of 2 years from two medical centers in Tehran, Iran. Production of carbapenemase was detected in the isolates using modified Hodge test. New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase-1 genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction amplification with specific primers. Two New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase-1-producing Escherichia coli strains were isolated from two Iranian patients with leukemia. These two patients were 6 and 15 years old, one female and the other male, from two oncology centers in Iran. The isolates were resistant to carbapenems (imipenem, meropenem), and two isolates were positive for carbapenemase production by modified Hodge test. Conclusions The emergence of New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase-1-producing Escherichia coli is a threat for leukemia patients in oncology and hematology departments. We conclude that the incidence of multidrug resistant pathogens has increased among patients with leukemia and is life threatening.

scholarly journals ESBL and AmpC beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in poultry in the Czech Republic

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kolar ◽  
J. Bardon ◽  
M. Chroma ◽  
K. Hricova ◽  
T. Stosova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Composite Samples

A major reason for resistance of <I>Enterobacteriaceae</I> to beta-lactam antibiotics is production of ESBLs and AmpC beta-lactamases. As their more detailed description in poultry is unavailable in the Czech Republic, the presented study aimed at assessing their occurrence and molecular characteristics. A total of 154 composite samples from broilers and 150 cloacal swabs from turkeys were examined. Production of ESBLs was detected in seven <I>Escherichia coli</I> isolates and AmpC enzymes in two <I>E. coli</I> isolates. The most frequent ESBL types were CTX-M-1 and SHV-12 and the most common AmpC enzymes were the CMY-2 types.

scholarly journals Multiplication of ampC upon Exposure to a Beta-Lactam Antibiotic Results in a Transferable Transposon in Escherichia coli

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (17) ◽  
pp. 9230
Author(s):  
Tania S. Darphorn ◽  
Yuanqing Hu ◽  
Belinda B. Koenders-van Sintanneland ◽  
Stanley Brul ◽  
Benno H. ter Kuile
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Variable Regions ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Lactam Antibiotic ◽  
Lactamase Gene

Plasmids play a crucial role in spreading antimicrobial resistance genes. Plasmids have many ways to incorporate various genes. By inducing amoxicillin resistance in Escherichia coli, followed by horizontal gene transfer experiments and sequencing, we show that the chromosomal beta-lactamase gene ampC is multiplied and results in an 8–13 kb contig. This contig is comparable to a transposon, showing similarities to variable regions found in environmental plasmids, and can be transferred between E. coli cells. As in eight out of nine replicate strains an almost completely identical transposon was isolated, we conclude that this process is under strict control by the cell. The single transposon that differed was shortened at both ends, but otherwise identical. The outcome of this study indicates that as a result of exposure to beta-lactam antibiotics, E. coli can form a transposon containing ampC that can subsequently be integrated into plasmids or genomes. This observation offers an explanation for the large diversity of genes in plasmids found in nature and proposes mechanisms by which the dynamics of plasmids are maintained.

scholarly journals Beta‐lactamase‐producing Escherichia coli in Bangladesh: Their phenotypic and molecular characteristics

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-81
Author(s):  
Sunjukta Ahsan ◽  
Riajul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Health Concern ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Class 1

The emergence and rapid dissemination of beta-lactamase-producing E. coli is now a worldwide problem. A total of 45 E. coli obtained from clinical specimens from a medical service centre in Dhaka were selected for this study. Test E. coli exhibited variable resistance to 3rd (71.7 - 97.8%, n = 48) and 4th (78%, n = 48) generation beta-lactam antibiotics, with 72% sensitivity to Carbapenem. Analysis of co-resistance indicated that 33.3% of E. coli (n = 48) were co-resistant to beta-lactams and ciprofloxacin. ESBL producers were predominant comprising of 84.7% E. coli. Among them, 22.7% contained blaTEM, 24.2% contained blaCTX-M, 4.3% contained blaSHV and 9.1% contained blaOXA-1 genes. A total of 25.75% isolates were metallo beta-lactamase producers. Of these, 1.5% of E. coli strains contained New Delhi metallo beta-lactamase gene and 6% contained AmpC gene. Multiple beta-lactamase genes were detected in some test isolates; 6.7% isolates contained 4, 20% contained 3 and 73.3% contained 2 beta lactamase genes. Fifty per cent of the E. coli contained plasmids of variable sizes. In addition, a total of 39% of the E. coli contained Class 1 integron. The increasing trend in beta-lactam resistance is of public health concern as it limits treatment regime and indicates to the need of continuous monitoring of resistance pattern. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 28(1): 71-81, 2019 (January)

scholarly journals FECAL CARRIAGE OF EXTENDED-SPECTRUM BETA-LACTAMASESPRODUCING ESCHERICHIA COLI IN HOSPITALS AND COMMUNITY SETTINGS: A REVIEW

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Neha Sharma ◽  
Anania Arjuna
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
Antibiotic Consumption ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Resistant Genes ◽  
Extended Spectrum

  Antibiotic resistance is an emerging threat worldwide, endangering the treatment of serious diseases. Widespread resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics among Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) is a serious threat to the currently used antibacterial therapy. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are a group of enzymes capable of hydrolyzing extended-spectrum cephalosporins and are inhibited by clavulanic acid. These enzymes are a major cause of hospital-acquired infection and community-acquired infections caused by E. coli (Escherichia coli). E. coli forms a part of normal intestinal flora and is an important reservoir of the antibiotic-resistant genes for ESBLs. These resistant antibiotic genes can be easily spread among GNB as these are carried on plasmids. Fecal carriers of ESBL producing E. coli in hospitalized patients and in community can be a reservoir for person-to-person transmission strengthening their dissemination. Over the last few decades, there had been a considerable increase in the emergence and spread of antimicrobial-resistant enzymes favoring the predominance of antibiotic-resistant bacteria which results in morbidity, mortality, and increased hospital expenditure. The gastrointestinal tract plays an important role in development of antibiotic-resistant microorganism and harboring the microorganisms as commensal. Antibiotic consumption may lead to alteration in the genome of the microorganisms leading to emergence of resistant microorganisms. The resistant microorganisms may then spread into the environment through faces aiding dissemination of the resistant genes.

scholarly journals DETEKSI GEN SHV PADA ISOLAT KLINIK Escherichia coli PENGHASIL EXTENDED SPECTRUM BETA−LACTAMASES (ESBLs) DENGAN METODE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (PCR) DARI URIN PASIEN DI RSUD Dr. SOETOMO SURABAYA

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
Yulianto Ade Prasetya
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Clinical Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases ◽  
Polymerase Chain

 AbstrakEscherichia coli penghasil Extended Spectrum Beta Lactmases (ESBLs) bertanggungjawab terhadap terjadinya wabah infeksi nosokomial, peningkatan morbiditas dan mortalitas, serta peningkatan biaya kesehatan. Enzim yang diproduksi oleh gen SHV dari bakteri mampu menghidrolisis antibiotik sefotaksim dan seftazidim. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui prevalensi gen SHV pada isolat klinik E. coli penghasil ESBLs dari urin pasien yang merupakan koleksi Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Klinik RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya pada bulan Januari-Februari 2014. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasional deskriptif dengan pendekatan molekuler. Deteksi gen SHV menggunakan metode Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) yang kemudian dilakukan elektroforesis dan divisualisasikan pada gel agarose 1,5%. Isolat E. coli yang positif membawa gen SHV ditunjukkan dengan adanya amplikon sebesar 867 bp. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 30 isolat, sebanyak 12 isolat (40%) positif mengandung gen SHV, dengan prevalensi tertinggi berada di Ruang Instalasi Rawat Jalan. Meropenem dan fosfomisin masih dapat digunakan untuk terapi penyakit yang disebabkan oleh E. coli penghasil ESBLs. Deteksi ESBLs secara genotipik penting dilakukan karena beberapa gen ESBLs menunjukkan resistensi yang berbeda terhadap antibiotik golongan beta laktam. Hasil tersebut memberi informasi kepada pihak rumah sakit manapun untuk mewaspadai prevalensi E. coli penghasil ESBLs melalui pengawasan yang ketat pelaksanaan pemberian antibiotika sesuai tata laksananya.Abstract Extended Spectrum Beta Lactmases (ESBLs) producing−Escherichia coli strains are responsible for the occurrence of nosocomial infection outbreaks, increase of morbidity and mortality, as well as increased healthcare costs. The enzyme produced by the SHV gene from bacteria are able to hydrolyze antibiotics of cefotaxime and cefazazim. The purpose of this study was to detect the presence of SHV gene in clinical ESBLs−producing E. coli isolates from patients’ urines which are collections of Clinical Microbiology Laboratory in Dr. Soetomo Hospital of Surabaya within period of January−February 2014. The research used descriptive observasional design with molecular approach. The SHV gene was detected by using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method, then the products was performed by electrophoresis and visualized on 1.5% agarose gel. E. coli isolates that positively carrying the SHV gene were demonstrated in the presence of amplicons of 867 bp. The results showed that of 30 isolates, 12 isolates (40%) positively contained the SHV gene, with the highest prevalence being in the Outpatient Installation Room. Meropenem and fosfomycin can still be used for disease therapy caused by ESBLs−producing E. coli. Genotypic detection of ESBLs is important because some ESBLs genes exhibit different resistance to beta−lactam antibiotics. The result provides information to any hospital to be aware of the prevalence of ESBLs−producing E.coli through strict supervision of the implementation of antibiotics according to their administration.

scholarly journals Growing Menace of Antibacterial Resistance in Clinical Isolates ofPseudomonas aeruginosain Nepal: An Insight of Beta-Lactamase Production

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamshul Ansari ◽  
Rabindra Dhital ◽  
Sony Shrestha ◽  
Sangita Thapa ◽  
Ram Puri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Immunosuppressed Patients

Introduction. Pseudomonas aeruginosais the most frequently isolated organism as it acts as the opportunistic pathogen and can cause infections in immunosuppressed patients. The production of different types of beta-lactamases renders this organism resistant to many commonly used antimicrobials. Therefore, the aim of this study was to document the antibiotic resistance rate inPseudomonas aeruginosaisolated from different clinical specimens.Methods. Pseudomonas aeruginosarecovered was identified by standard microbiological methods. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method following Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines and all the suspected isolates were tested for the production of ESBLs, MBLs, and AmpC.Results.Out of total (178) isolates, 83.1% were recovered from the inpatient department (IPD). Majority of the isolates mediated resistance towards the beta-lactam antibiotics, while nearly half of the isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin. Most of the aminoglycosides used showed resistance rate up to 75% but amikacin proved to be better option. No resistance to polymyxin was observed. ESBLs, MBLs, and AmpC mediated resistance was seen in 33.1%, 30.9%, and 15.7% isolates, respectively.Conclusions. Antibiotic resistance rate and beta-lactamase mediated resistance were high. Thus, regular surveillance of drug resistance is of utmost importance.

scholarly journals Bacterial genotypic and patient risk factors for adverse outcomes in Escherichia coli bloodstream infections: a prospective molecular-epidemiological study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elita Jauneikaite ◽  
Kate Honeyford ◽  
Oliver Blandy ◽  
Mia Mosavie ◽  
Max Pearson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sequence Types

Background Escherichia coli bloodstream infections have increased rapidly in the UK, for reasons that are unclear. The relevance of highly fit, or multi-drug resistant lineages such as ST131 to overall E. coli disease burden remains to be fully determined. We set out to characterise the prevalence of E. coli multi-locus sequence types (MLST) and determine if these were associated with adverse outcomes in an urban population of E. coli bacteraemia patients. Methods We undertook whole genome sequencing of E. coli blood isolates from all patients with diagnosed E. coli bacteraemia in north-west London from July 2015 to August 2016 and assigned multi-locus sequence types to all isolates. Isolate sequence types were linked to routinely collected antimicrobial susceptibility, patient demographic, and clinical outcome data to explore relationships between the E. coli sequence types, patient factors, and outcomes. Findings A total of 551 E. coli genomes were available for analysis. More than half of these cases were caused by four E. coli sequence types: ST131 (21%), ST73 (15%), ST69 (9%) and ST95 (8%). E. coli genotype ST131-C2 was associated with non-susceptibility to quinolones and third-generation cephalosporins, and also to amoxicillin, augmentin, gentamicin and trimethoprim. An association between the ST131-C2 lineage and longer length-of-stay was detected, although multivariable regression modelling did not demonstrate an association between E. coli sequence type and mortality. However, a number of unexpected associations were identified, including gentamicin non-susceptibility, ethnicity, and sex that might influence mortality and length-of-stay, requiring further research. Interpretation Although E. coli sequence type was associated with antimicrobial non-susceptibility patterns and length-of-stay, we did not find that E. coli sequence type was associated with increased mortality. Where ST131 is prevalent, caution is required when pairing beta-lactam agents with gentamicin or using single agent aminoglycosides.

Comparison of Sensitivity Enterobacteriaceae of Extended Spectrum BetaLactamase (ESBL) against Antibiotics of Quinolone and Carbapenem Group in Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Conny Riana Tjampakasari ◽  
Alya Iranti ◽  
Tjahjani Mirawati Sudiro
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Microbiology ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Clinical Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Age Range

Antibiotic resistance is a challenge in medical problems. One prevalence of resistance that tends to expand globally is against ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae, a group of bacteria capable of destroying beta-lactam antibiotics. The known ESBL producing bacteria are E. coli and K. pneumoniae. This study aims to compare the sensitivity of quinolone and carbapenem antibiotics to ESBL-producing bacteria based on data obtained from Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia through 2018-2019. Using the Vitek 2® Compact identification method, the results showed that the prevalence of E. coli and K. pneumoniae ESBL was positive less than 5%. All of the ESBL–producing E. coli came from urine specimens, while ESBLproducing K. pneumoniae came from different types of specimens which are sputum and blood. Most prevalence comes in the age range >50 years with female gender. In general, antibiotic sensitivity to the quinolones was less than 50% against ESBL-producing E. coli. Meanwhile, the sensitivity of carbapenem antibiotics reached 100% both against ESBL-producing E.coli and K.pneumoniae.

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