scholarly journals Dietary Lysine Requirements of Colossoma Macropomum (Cuvier, 1818) Based on Growth Performance, Hepatic and Intestinal Morphohistology and Plasma Biochemistry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariany Rabello da Silva Liebl ◽  
Marcelo dos Santos Nascimento ◽  
Wallice Luiz Paxiúba Duncan ◽  
Jackson Pantoja-Lima ◽  
Paulo Henrique Rocha Aride ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Colossoma Macropomum ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Intestine Mucosa ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Proximal Intestine ◽  
Efficiency Rate

Abstract This study aimed to determine the dietary lysine requirements of juvenile Colossoma macropomum tambaqui based on growth performance. We also evaluated gut and hepatic histomorphometry as well as blood metabolites in accordance with the increased levels of dietary lysine. The juveniles (33.88 ± 2.47 g) were fed until apparent satiation with diets containing 6.60, 9.72, 12.84, 15.96, 19.08 and 22.20 g/kg of lysine. Fish were randomly distributed in groups of 10 fish per tank and assays were performed in triplicate, during 90 days. Tambaqui fed with 15.96 g/kg dietary lysine showed higher final weight (p = 0.001) and optimized feed conversion ratio (p = 0.001). Morphohistological modifications were present in livers of fish fed with low levels of lysine. In the proximal intestine, mucosa layer density was greater at the level of 15.96 g/kg (p = 0.001). In the middle intestine, height (p = 0.001) and perimeter (p = 0.001) of the villi were greater at low levels of lysine (respectively, 9.72 and 12.84 g/kg dietary lysine). Tambaqui fed with 15.96 g/kg of lysine achieved higher plasma protein concentrations (p = 0.01). Using the second-order polynomial regression analysis as support, and based on protein efficiency rate and body weight gain, dietary lysine requirement for juvenile tambaqui was calculated as 15.4–15.6 g/kg of diet (5.7–5.8% of dietary protein).

scholarly journals The Influence of Chicken Egg Lysozyme or Zinc-Bacitracin Antibiotic on the Growth Performance, Antibacterial Capacity, Blood Profiles, and Antioxidative Status of Rabbits: A Comparative Study

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1731
Author(s):  
Mahmoud H. EL-Deep ◽  
Khairy A. Amber ◽  
Yahia Z. Eid ◽  
Salama Mostafa Aboelenin ◽  
Mohamed Mohamed Soliman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Antioxidative Status ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Zinc Bacitracin ◽  
Total Bacteria ◽  
Blood Profiles

Dietary egg lysozyme has beneficial roles in the growth performance and health conditions of animals. The study was performed using 90 multicolored rabbits in three groups (each replicate with thirty rabbits). In the control group, rabbits were fed a diet without zinc bacitracin (ZnB) or egg lysozyme, while the second and third groups were treated with ZnB and lysozyme additive at 100 mg/kg, respectively. After eight weeks, the final weight and body weight gain (BWG) of rabbits fed dietary egg lysozyme and ZnB additives were meaningfully increased (p < 0.05). Nevertheless, the feed conversion ratio (FCR) was markedly decreased by dietary egg lysozyme and ZnB (p < 0.05). Interestingly, dietary egg lysozyme resulted in higher final weight and BWG and lower FCR than rabbits treated with ZnB (p < 0.05). Rabbits treated with egg lysozyme and ZnB additives had markedly lower populations of Clostridium spp. and Escherichia coli (p < 0.05) compared with the control. However, the counts of Lactobacillus and total bacteria were meaningfully increased in the the intestines of rabbits treated with egg lysozyme and ZnB (p < 0.05). The blood total protein and globulin of rabbits fed dietary egg lysozyme and ZnB additives were meaningfully increased (p < 0.05). Blood creatinine was significantly lowered by dietary egg lysozyme compared with the control and ZnB-treated rabbits (p < 0.05). The levels of blood urea, ALT, and AST were markedly lowered (p < 0.05) by dietary egg lysozyme and ZnB. The gene expressions of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in the liver of rabbits fed dietary egg lysozyme and ZnB additives were markedly upregulated (p < 0.05) compared with the control. Dietary egg lysozyme resulted in higher expression of SOD1 and GPX genes than rabbits treated with ZnB (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the inclusion of egg lysozyme could replace the inclusion of ZnB in the diets of rabbits.

scholarly journals Supplementing Garlic Nanohydrogel Optimized Growth, Gastrointestinal Integrity and Economics and Ameliorated Necrotic Enteritis in Broiler Chickens Using a Clostridium perfringens Challenge Model

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2027
Author(s):  
Doaa Ibrahim ◽  
Tamer Ahmed Ismail ◽  
Eman Khalifa ◽  
Shaimaa A. Abd El-Kader ◽  
Dalia Ibrahim Mohamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Necrotic Enteritis ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Intestinal Lesion

Necrotic enteritis (NE) caused by Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) results in impaired bird growth performance and increased production costs. Nanotechnology application in the poultry industry to control NE outbreaks is still not completely clarified. Therefore, the efficacy of dietary garlic nano-hydrogel (G-NHG) on broilers growth performance, intestinal integrity, economic returns and its potency to alleviate C. perfringens levels using NE challenge model were addressed. A total of 1200 male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were assigned into six groups; four supplemented with 100, 200, 300 or 400 mg of G-NHG/kg diet and co-challenged with C. perfringens at 21, 22 and 23 d of age and two control groups fed basal diet with or without C. perfringens challenge. Over the total growing period, the 400 mg/kg G-NHG group had the most improved body weight gain and feed conversion efficiency regardless of challenge. Parallel with these results, the mRNA expression of genes encoding digestive enzymes (alpha 2A amylase (AMY2A), pancreatic lipase (PNLIP) and cholecystokinin (CCK)) and intestinal barriers (junctional adhesion molecule-2 (JAM-2), occludin and mucin-2 (Muc-2)) were increased in groups fed G-NHG at higher levels to be nearly similar to those in the unchallenged group. At 14 d post challenge, real-time PCR results revealed that inclusion of G-NHG led to a dose-dependently decrease in the C. perfringens population, thereby decreasing the birds’ intestinal lesion score and mortality rates. Using 400 mg/kg of G-NHG remarkably ameliorated the adverse effects of NE caused by C. perfringens challenge, which contributed to better growth performance of challenged birds with rational economic benefits.

scholarly journals Effect of dietary supplementation of seaweed (Ulva lactuca) and Azolla on growth performance, haematological and serum biochemical parameters of Aseel chicken

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijayalingam Thavasi Alagan ◽  
Rajesh Nakulan Vatsala ◽  
Ilavarasan Sagadevan ◽  
Vairamuthu Subbiah ◽  
Venkataramanan Ragothaman
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ulva Lactuca ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Serum Biochemical

Abstract Background An effort was made to assess the effectiveness of dietary supplementation of Ulva lactuca (U. lactuca), a seaweed and Azolla individually and in combination on different physiological parameters of Aseel chicken. A total of 40 Aseel chicks of 8 weeks old were allocated into four groups, C1 (control), T1 (Azolla alone), T2 (seaweed alone) and T3 (seaweed plus Azolla). Aseel chicks in C1 were fed with formulated grower feed alone, birds in T1 had control diet with 5% Azolla, birds in T2 had control diet with 3% U. lactuca and birds in T3 had control diet admixtured with 5% of Azolla and 3% of U. lactuca. Parameters were recorded for a continuous period of 2 months in 15 days interval. Results The growth performance was found to be significant (P ≤ 0.05) during 30 days of feed trials and highly significant (P ≤ 0.01) during 45 and 60 days of treatment. Birds in T3 had a higher body weight gain, shank length and feed conversion efficiency followed with T1 and T2 compared to C1. PCV, RBC, WBC and heterophil counts were not influenced (P ≥ 0.05) by dietary treatments. Uric acid, creatinine, AST, glucose, triglycerides and magnesium levels revealed a high significant (P ≤ 0.01) variation, and cholesterol level showed significant (P ≤ 0.05) changes during 30th and 60th day of feed trials between the control and treatment groups. Total protein, globulin, phosphorus and electrolytes like Na, K and Cl levels were not significant (P ≥ 0.05) during 30th day and were highly significant (P ≤ 0.01) during the 60th day of the trial. Conclusions It could be noted that inclusion of U. lactuca and Azolla as feed supplement in grower chicken had a better body weight gain when given in combination (U. lactuca and Azolla) rather than supplemented with the sole entity. Based on the haematological and serum biochemical analysis, the supplementation of U. lactuca and Azolla at the levels included in this trial did not pose any threat to the physiological well-being of Aseel chicken.

scholarly journals Probiotic level effects on growth performance, carcass traits, blood parameters, cecal microbiota, and immune response of broilers

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 1011-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOHAMMADREZA POURAKBARI ◽  
ALIREZA SEIDAVI ◽  
LEILA ASADPOUR ◽  
ANDRÉS MARTÍNEZ
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Probiotic Supplementation ◽  
Cecal Microbiota ◽  
Feed Conversion Rate

Probiotic effects on growth performance, carcass traits, blood parameters, cecal microbiota, and immune response of broilers were studied. Two hundred one-day-old male chickens were allocated to one of five treatments (four replicates of 10 birds per treatment): control, and the same control diet supplemented with 0.005%, 0.01%, 0.015% and 0.02% probiotics. Probiotics in feed at 0.01% or higher levels of supplementation improved body weight gain (+12%) and feed conversion rate (-5%) compared with the control. There were no effects on carcass traits, but the relative weights of drumsticks and wings showed increasing and decreasing linear responses, respectively, to probiotic supplementation level. Blood plasma glucose and albumin contents linearly increased (from 167.1 to 200.5 mg dl-1, and from 1.70 to 3.25 g dl-1) with increasing probiotic supplementation. Triglycerides and cholesterol contents were lower in probiotic supplemented treatments (average contents 71.3 and 125.3 mg dl-1 vs. 92.6 and 149.9 mg dl-1 in the control). Probiotics decreased cecal Escherichia coli counts, but had no effects on immunity related organs or immune response. The linear trends, either positive or negative, observed in many of the parameters studied, suggest that more studies are needed to establish the optimal concentration of probiotics in broiler feed.

scholarly journals Growth Performance of Clarias gariepinus on the Basis of Formulated Feed Supply

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
Jay Narayan Shrestha ◽  
Prabha Niraula
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Formulated Feed ◽  
Crude Protein Level

 Best diet of the fish is the sole of production of aquaculture. Growth performance of Clarias gariepinus on the basis of formulated feed supply was carried out from 7th March to 6th May, 2019 in the laboratory of P.G.Campus, Biratnagar in which 130 juveniles (each of 10±0.11 g.) of catfish were cultured in 13 aquaria feeding with treatment diets having crude protein level 35%, 40%, 45% and 50% for treatment and commercial diet for control. There are no significant differences between the water quality parameters and body weight gain (p>0.05) in all treatments. The highest body weight gain (7.31±0.11 g; 65.20%) and SGR (13.051±1.15 g) was observed in fish fed with T C (45% protein level). This value was lowered than value of control(C) i.e. 7.59±0 g; 69.88% and 13.55±0 g respectively. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was best (13.28±1.89 g) in T D (50% protein level feed). Its value was larger (7.52±1.11 g) in T C than C (7.15±0 g). Mortality rate was highest in T C and C i.e. 30% and lowest in T A and T B i.e. 23.33%. Weight gain of the fish increased with increasing protein level in diet till crude protein level 45% then it was dropped at the diet with protein level 50%. The best weight gain was observed in 7th week having crude protein level 45%. The diet with protein level 45% is suggested for farmers concerning the fish (Clarias gariepinus) in the aquaculture.

scholarly journals Hatchability, Growth Performance, Feed Efficiency, and Survival of Normal Feathered Local, Sasso-rir and Their F1-cross Chickens Under on-station Management Condition in Southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
shewangizaw woltamo wolde ◽  
Tadele Mirkena ◽  
Aberra Melesse ◽  
Tadelle Dessie ◽  
Solomon Abegaz
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Egg Hatchability ◽  
F1 Cross

Abstract The Normal Feathered local chicken (LL), Sasso-RIR (SRSR) and their F1-cross (LSR) chickens were hatched to evaluated for egg hatchability, growth performance, feed efficiency and survival rate. After 14-days of brooding, 150 chicks of each genotype were randomly selected and further replicated in to five pens in a deep litter grower house consisting of 30 chicks each in a completely randomized design, and evaluated for a period of 16-weeks. Hatchability of fertile eggs was highest for LL (80.0 %), intermediate for LSR (68.6%) and lowest for SRSR (55.9%) chickens. The body weight (BW) of chicks at 2-weeks of age was 80.0, 76.3 and 61.5 g/bird for SRSR, LSR, and LL, respectively, the latter being the lowest (p<0.05). The respective BW at 8-weeks of age was 732, 587 and 451 g while at 18-weeks it was 1877, 1379 and 1070 g/bird and different from each other (p<0.05). During 3- to 8-weeks and 9- to 18-weeks growth periods, the LL chickens were inferior (p< 0.05) in feed intake (29.7 and 66.9 g/d/bird) whereas the SRSR chickens were superior (p< 0.05) in body weight gain (15.5 and 16.3 g/d/bird) and feed conversion ratio (2.67 and 5.35 g feed/ g gain), respectively. The mortality rate of chicken was not affected by genotypes. It can be concluded that the exotic blood of Sasso-RIR chicken had played a significant role in upgrading the growth rate and market weight of the local Normal Feathered chicken without adverse effect on hatchability, feed efficiency, and survival rate.

scholarly journals Effect of methionine supplementation on the growth performance of rabbit

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Yesmin ◽  
ME Uddin ◽  
R Chacrabati ◽  
M Al-Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Methionine Supplementation ◽  
Four Levels

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different levels of methionine supplementation on feed intake, nutrient digestibility and growth performance of growing rabbit. Sixteen weaned crossbred New Zealand White (NZW) growing rabbits (30-35 d) were distributed into four treatment groups having four replications in each group using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Basal diet composed of green grass (dhal grass) and concentrate mixture which was offered ad libitum basis for 56 days period. Four levels of methionine such as 0.0% (control), 0.15%, 0.25%, and 0.35% were supplemented randomly to rabbits. Results showed that supplementation of methionine did not affect green grass intake. Cumulative as well as daily concentrate and DM intake were significantly (p<0.05) higher for all methionine groups than control group. Final body weight gain as well as daily, weekly and cumulative body weight gains were improved significantly with increasing level of methionine. It was found that methionine had significant (p<0.01) effect on digestibility of DM, CP, NFE and EE but CF digestibility did not differ significantly. Digestibility was improved with increasing the level of methionine. Feed conversion ratio also decreased significantly with methionine supplementation, and 0.25% methionine group showed the best performance among the four treatments. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v42i1.15777 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2013. 42 (1): 40 43

scholarly journals Combination of Bacillus licheniformis and Salinomycin: Effect on the Growth Performance and GIT Microbial Populations of Broiler Chickens

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Trela ◽  
Bartosz Kierończyk ◽  
Veerle Hautekiet ◽  
Damian Józefiak
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Bacillus Licheniformis ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of Bacillus licheniformis and salinomycin supplementation in broiler diets as individual factors or in combination on the growth performance, GIT morphometry, and microbiota populations. Four hundred one-day-old Ross 308 chicks were randomly distributed to four dietary treatments (10 replicates, 10 birds each). The following treatments were applied: NC—no additives; NC + SAL—salinomycin addition (60 mg/kg diet), NC + PRO—B. licheniformis DSM 28710 preparation (1.6 × 109 CFU/kg; 500 mg/kg diet), and NC + SAL + PRO—combination of salinomycin and B. licheniformis. Probiotic administration resulted in improvement (p < 0.05) of the performance parameters, including body weight gain (1–10 d, and 11–22 d) and feed conversion ratio (11–22 d, 1–36 d). An interaction (p < 0.05) between experimental factors was observed in terms of lower pH values in the crop (tendency, p = 0.053) and ceca. Both factors lowered the alpha diversity and Enterobacteriaceae and promoted Bacillaceae communities in the jejunum (p < 0.05). Interactions were also observed in terms of reducing Clostridiaceae in the ceca. In conclusion, the combined use of B. licheniformis and salinomycin in broilers’ diets had beneficial effects.

Influence of Dietary Substitution of Palm Oil by Rapeseed Oil at Different Levels on Growth Performance and Economics of Broilers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Sudharsan ◽  
S. Senthil Murugan ◽  
Biju Chacko ◽  
Sanis Juliet ◽  
Suresh N. Nair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Poultry Diets

Background: Fat and oil are commonly used in poultry diets to increase energy density and also to increase the palatability of feed, feed efficiency and for deposition of fat in broilers. Thus a study was proposed to find the effects of dietary replacement of saturated fatty acid rich palm oil (PO) by omega-3 rich rapeseed oil (RO) on growth performance and economics in broilers. Method: The growth performance feeding trial was conducted in 160 day-old broilers (vencobb 400) with four treatment groups (G1, G2, G3 and G4) with four replicates of ten chicks each. The basal diet (R1) was prepared with palm oil included at the rate of 1.5, 3, and 4.5 per cent in pre-starter, starter and finisher ration, respectively and fed to G1. The other treatment groups G2, G3 and G4 received R2, R3 and R4 experimental rations respectively. The experimental rations R2, R3 and R4 were prepared with rapeseed oil replacing 25, 50 and 100 per cent of palm oil which was included in R1. Result: The broiler ration prepared with rapeseed oil at 50 and 100 per cent level (G3 and G4) replacing palm oil showed increased body weight gain (P less than 0.01) and better feed conversion ratio (P less than 0.05) than G1 group. There was no significant difference in the feed intake among the different treatment groups. Profit per kg live weight in G3 (Rs.12.06) and G4 (Rs.11.14) was more than G1 (Rs.8.21) and G2 (Rs.6.57). The supplementation of omega-3 rich rapeseed oil had significantly improved the performance of broilers.

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