Deciphering the Multi-Dimensional Abilities of Indigenous Bacteria Enterobacter Cloacae Isolated from Arsenic Contaminated Industrial Sites

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reeta Bhati ◽  
Smitha Mony Sreedha ◽  
Rajni Singh
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Contaminated Site ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Industrial Sites ◽  
Zinc Cadmium ◽  
Cadmium Selenium

Abstract Arsenic (As) is a quintessential toxic metalloid and it has been classified as Group 1 human carcinogen. The evolution of arsenic defense mechanisms due to the omnipresent nature of arsenic has resulted in its alteration to less toxic forms. The present study deals with the isolation of arsenic remediating microbial strains from soil samples and their integration into bioremediation strategy. From the metal contaminated site, 118 different bacterial strains were isolated from heavy metal contaminated site. Twenty-five strains were tolerant to arsenic and one bacterial strain Enterobacter cloacae (RSC3) demonstrated maximum growth at high concentration of arsenate (6000ppm). The cell growth kinetics of RSC3revealed the specific growth rate (µ) to be 0.55 h-1. The The bacteria hosts arsC gene in the genome involved in the reduction of arsenate to arsenite. AAS, SEM, TEM and EDX studies confirmed the arsenate transportation and efflux of arsenic by the bacteria. Furthermore, the strain showed multi-resistance to other heavy metals like zinc, cadmium, selenium and nickel and several antibiotics indicating its application for facilitating bioremediation of toxic metal contaminated sites.

scholarly journals Screening and optimization of arsenic degrading bacteria and their potential role in heavy metal bioremediation

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehwish Iqtedar ◽  
Farah Aftab ◽  
Rabab Asim ◽  
Roheena Abdullah ◽  
Afshan Kaleem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Arsenic Concentration ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Arsenic Tolerance ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Soil And Water

Industrialization has added extremely toxic metalloid arsenic into the environment which at high concentration severely threatens the biota. Naturally, some microbes possess the ability to bio-accumulate metals and also to transform arsenite (As III) a toxic form to a non-toxic arsenate As V. The present study aimed to isolate arsenic resistant bacterias from the arsenic contaminated soil and water. Among eleven bacterial isolates, three FAs 1, 4 and 9 exhibited tolerance against sodium arsenite at 100mM concentration by achieving growth of 7.48×109,1.57×109 and 2.23×109 C.F.U./ml, respectively. Optimization at different conditions such as temperature, pH and arsenic concentration revealed high arsenic tolerance from isolate FAs 4 (5.33×108) at 37°C and FAs 1 (4.43×108 C.F.U./ml) at pH 7. Arsenic resistance at optimum conditions for the bacterial strains FAs 1, FAs 4 and FAs 9 showed maximum growth at 80mM concentration of arsenite. These bacterial isolates did not show redox ability to oxidize arsenite As III to arsenate As V. However bacterial isolates FAs 1, FAs 4 and FAs 9 were able to accumulate arsenic 39.16, 148 and 125 µg/L on the 4th, 3rd and 5th day of incubation, respectively. The isolates FAs 1, FAs 4 and FAs 9 were identified as Gram negative non endospore forming rods. In future, these novel isolates possess a great potential in biotechnology field, as bioremediation of arsenic contaminated soil and water can be done by employing arsenic accumulating bacteria which is an eco-friendly and cost effective method.

scholarly journals Isolation and screening of chromium resistant bacteria from industrial waste for bioremediation purposes

2023 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalsoom ◽  
Afshan Batool ◽  
Ghufranud Din ◽  
Salah Ud Din ◽  
Johar Jamil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence

Abstract Chromium (VI) a highly toxic metal, a major constituent of industrial waste. It is continuously release in soil and water, causes environmental and health related issues, which is increasing public concern in developing countries like Pakistan. The basic aim of this study was isolation and screening of chromium resistant bacteria from industrial waste collected from Korangi and Lyari, Karachi (24˚52ʹ46.0ʺN 66˚59ʹ25.7ʺE and 24˚48ʹ37.5ʺN 67˚06ʹ52.6ʺE). Among total of 53 isolated strains, seven bacterial strains were selected through selective enrichment and identified on the basis of morphological and biochemical characteristics. These strains were designated as S11, S13, S17, S18, S30, S35 and S48, resistance was determined against varying concentrations of chromium (100-1500 mg/l). Two bacterial strains S35 and S48 showed maximum resistance to chromium (1600 mg/l). Bacterial strains S35 and S48 were identified through 16S rRNA sequence and showed 99% similarity to Bacillus paranthracis and Bacillus paramycoides. Furthermore, growth condition including temperature and pH were optimized for both bacterial strains, showed maximum growth at temperature 30ºC and at optimum pH 7.5 and 6.5 respectively. It is concluded that indigenous bacterial strains isolated from metal contaminated industrial effluent use their innate ability to transform toxic heavy metals to less or nontoxic form and can offer an effective tool for monitoring heavy metal contamination in the environment.

The Effect of Active Principles of Lyophilized Garlic and Chlorella on Reduction of Tissue Bioaccumulation and Lead Antagonism to Zinc in Carassius gibelio

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 2006-2009
Author(s):  
Marioara Nicula ◽  
Nicolae Pacala ◽  
Isidora Radulov ◽  
Mirela Ahmadi ◽  
Dorel Dronca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Carassius Gibelio ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Living Organisms

In living organisms lead is classified as potential toxic metal, and in high concentration can produce intoxication with the alteration of some vital organs, especially liver and kidney. In aquatic environment lead can be absorbed by fishes and other organisms, with different distribution in various tissues. Our aim of experiment was to verify and demonstrate the protective effect of lyophilized garlic and chlorella against bioaccumulation of lead in fishes living in aquatic environment deliberated polluted with lead. Thus, lyophilized garlic and chlorella administrated as supplements in fodder for fishes (Carassius gibelio) diminished the antagonistic effect of lead against zinc in all tested tissues: liver, kidney, heart, brain, ovary, testis, muscles myotome � epaxial, skin � with scales, gills, and intestine.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of a Bacterial Strain Enterobacter cloacae (Accession No. KX438060.1) Capable of Degrading DDTs Under Aerobic Conditions and Its Use in Bioremediation of Contaminated Soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117863612110242
Author(s):  
Sonal Suman ◽  
Tanuja
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Bacterial Degradation ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
16S Rna ◽  
Degrading Bacteria

DDT is one of the most persistent pesticides among all the different types of organo-chlorine pesticides used. Among all the degradation methods, bacterial degradation of DDT is most effective. The present study was conducted to isolate different bacteria present in waste samples which have the ability to degrade DDT present in the soil in the minimum possible period of time and to observe the effect of different physical and chemical properties of the soil samples. Many pesticide degrading bacteria were isolated and identified through cultural, biochemical tests and further identified by 16S RNA sequencing method. The most potent strain DDT 1 growth in mineral salt medium supplemented with DDT as the only source of carbon (5-100 PPM) and was monitored at an optical density of 600 nm. The growth parameters at different physio-chemical conditions were further optimized. The result showed that Enterobacter cloacae had maximum growth in 15 days. FTIR analysis of the residual DDT after 15 days incubation showed that Enterobacter cloacae was able to degrade pesticide into its further metabolites of DDD, DDE, DDNU and other components can be used for biodegradation of DDT present in contaminated soil and water ecosystems.

Screening of Biosurfactant Producing Bacteria Isolated from Hydrocarbon Contaminated Site and Their Potential in Biosorption of Pb(II) and Oil Biodegradation

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 435-441
Author(s):  
Swati Rastogi ◽  
Sheel Ratna ◽  
Rajesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Method ◽  
Contaminated Site ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Motor Oil ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Biosorption Process ◽  
Used Motor Oil ◽  
Haemolytic Assay

Abstract In the present study, three potentially Pb(II)-resistant and biosurfactant-producing bacterial strains were isolated from a total of 23 strains using various screening methods, investigated for their biosorption of Pb(II) and used for the biodegradation of used motor oil. The results show that strain E1 (Bacillus haynesii) has significantly high efficiency in biodegradation of used motor oil, up to 82 % in the first three days. Maximum Pb(II) biosorption capacities of 238.09 mg/g and 99.01 mg/g were determined for strains E1 and F5 (Pseudomonas aeruginosa), respectively. The biosorption process was found to be in good agreement with the Langmuir isotherm for both E1 (R2 = 0.9614) and F5 (R2 = 0.9646), suggesting monolayer biosorption. The four common screening methods, namely the haemolytic assay, the determination of surface tension, the emulsifying activity and the foam test, were also correlated with the Pearson correlation method.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Coriander sativum

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
Samina Amin Qurban Ali ◽  
Arif Malik
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Natural Oils

The increasing rate of drug-repellent pathogens and poisonousness of existing antiseptic compounds has strained attention toward activity of antimicrobial products which are natural. Main purpose of this research was to assess antimicrobial activity of seeds and leaves of Coriandrum sativum’s essential oil, antioxidant, antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of Coriandrum sativum’s ethanol extracts and essential oils. Numerous approaches were used in reviewing the antioxidant activity such as, p-anisidine test – malonaldhyde, DPPH and peroxide value. Antimicrobial activity of the extracts towards six microbial strains; two bacterial strains (Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus), one yeast (Candida tropicals) and three fungal strains (Aspergillus flavus, Mucor sp and Emericella nidulans) was assessed by determination of inhibition zone and count of bacteria, yeast and spares of fungus. The antimicrobial mechanisms found in these essential oils have been explained on the basis of their content in natural compounds such as carvacrol, thymol, p-cymene and c-terpinene, among others. Although these two essential oils have received much attention, scientists working in the fields of biomedicine and food science are paying increasing attention to a wider variety of aromatic natural oils in an effort to identify original and natural applications for the inhibition of microbial pathogens. In conclusion, utilization of coriander or their components as food additives will increase the antioxidant and the antimicrobial potential of the food which prevent food deterioration and improve the shelf-life of food beside its nutritional value. The results revealed that the leaves extracts have high levels of phenolics than the seeds extract. Concerning antioxidant activity, significant decreases (p>0.001) were observed in peroxide, P- anisidine and TBA values as compared to control oil. On the other hand, scavenging activity % of the four extracts on DPPH radical were higher than that of butylated hydroxyl toluene (BHT) especially with high concentration (1000 μg/ ml). Regarding antimicrobial activity, the results showed that the extract of coriander seeds has the highest reduction percent in growth of all the examined microorganisms. The result also revealed that Mucor sp was resistant to the action of parsley extracts while Aspergillus flavus has the highest resistance against coriander extracts.

scholarly journals Study on the Effect of Cu (II) and Zn (II) on the Accumulation of Pb (II) from Soil to the Biomass of Vegetable

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Le Thi Thanh Tran ◽  
Le Van Luan ◽  
Tran Quang Hieu ◽  
Le Van Tan
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Metal Pollutants ◽  
Inhibition Effect ◽  
Copper And Zinc ◽  
Stems And Leaves ◽  
Effect Of Copper

Among soil pollutants, lead (Pb) is one of the toxic metal pollutants widely used in many industrial processes and occurs as a contaminant in environment. In this study, a field experiment was carried out to investigate the accumulation of lead from soil contaminated by this metal ion on the biomass of some vegetables, including spinach, lettuce, carrots, and potatoes. The results showed that lead was cumulative metal. Besides, the level of lead accumulation in soil of the studied vegetables decreased in the order of tubers of carrots, tubers of potato, spinach root, lettuce root, stems and leaves of spinach, stem and leaves of carrot, stems and leaves of potato, and stem and leaves of lettuce, respectively. Our investigations demonstrate the effect of copper and zinc micronutrient elements which play an important role in the growth and development of plants, on the accumulation of lead from contaminated soil of the studied vegetables. The obtained results showed that high concentration of copper and zinc in soil cause competition with lead in the process of absorption and accumulation in the plant. Specifically, copper and zinc showed the inhibition effect on the uptake and accumulation of lead by these plants.

Isolation and characterization of heavy metal tolerant Gram-positive bacteria with bioremedial properties from municipal waste rich soil of Kestopur canal (Kolkata), West Bengal, India

Biologia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamala Gupta ◽  
Chitrita Chatterjee ◽  
Bhaskar Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Tolerance ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Heavy Metal Tolerance ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Bacillus Weihenstephanensis

AbstractThe present study was conducted to determine the culturable bacterial profile from Kestopur canal (Kolkata, India) and analyze their heavy metal tolerance. In addition to daily sewage including solid and soluble wastes, a considerable load of toxic metals are released into this water body from industries, tanneries and agriculture, household as well as health sectors. Screening out microbes from such an environment was done keeping in mind their multifunctional application especially for bioremediation. Heavy metals are major environmental pollutants when present in high concentration in soil and show potential toxic effects on growth and development in plants and animals. Some edible herbs growing in the canal vicinity, and consumed by people, were found to harbour these heavy metals at sub-toxic levels. The bioconcentration factor of these plants being <1 indicates that they probably only absorb but not accumulate heavy metals. All the thirteen Grampositive bacteria isolated from these plants rhizosphere were found to tolerate high concentration of heavy metals like Co, Ni, Pb, Cr, Fe. Phylogenetic analysis of their 16S rDNA genes revealed that they belonged to one main taxonomic group — the Firmicutes. Seven of them were found to be novel with 92–95% sequence homology with known bacterial strains. Further microbiological analyses show that the alkaliphilic Bacillus weihenstephanensis strain IA1 and Exiguobacterium aestuarii strain CE1, with selective antibiotic sensitivity along with high Ni2+ and Cr6+ removal capabilities, respectively, can be prospective candidates for bioremediation.

scholarly journals Psychological Distress after a Diagnosis of Malignant Mesothelioma in a Group of Patients and Caregivers at the National Priority Contaminated Site of Casale Monferrato

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michela Bonafede ◽  
Antonella Granieri ◽  
Alessandra Binazzi ◽  
Carolina Mensi ◽  
Federica Grosso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Mesothelioma ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Contaminated Site ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Defense Style ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Defense Style Questionnaire ◽  
National Priority ◽  
Adaptive Processes

Background: Patients of malignant mesothelioma (MM) and their caregivers face significant physical and psychological challenges. The purpose of the present study is to examine the emotional impact after the diagnosis of MM in a group of patients and familial caregivers in a National Priority Contaminated Site (NPCS). Methods: A sample of 108 patients and 94 caregivers received a sociodemographic/clinical questionnaire, the Beck Depression Inventory II, the Davidson Trauma Scale, the Coping Orientation to the Problems Experienced—New Italian Version, and the Defense style questionnaire. The risk of depressive and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in relation to the strategies of coping and defense mechanisms was estimated in patients and caregivers separately by logistic regression models. Results: For patients, a high risk of depression was associated with high usage of Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ) Isolation (OR: 53.33; 95% CI: 3.22–882.30; p = 0.01) and DSQ Somatization (OR: 16.97; 95% CI: 1.04–275.90; p = 0.05). Other significant risks emerged for some coping strategies and some defenses regarding both depression and trauma in patients and caregivers. Conclusions: This research suggests that for both patients and caregivers unconscious adaptive processes have a central role in dealing with overwhelming feelings related to the disease.

scholarly journals Characterization, Phylogenetic Analyses, and Pathogenicity of Enterobacter cloacae on Rice Seedlings in Heilongjiang Province, China

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. 1601-1609
Author(s):  
Peng Cao ◽  
Chenxu Li ◽  
Kefei Tan ◽  
Chuanzeng Liu ◽  
Xi Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Heilongjiang Province ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gene Sequences

Rice is used as a staple food in different areas of world, especially in China. In recent years, rice seedlings have been affected seriously by symptoms resembling bacterial palea browning (BPB) in Heilongjiang Province. To isolate and identify the pathogenic bacteria responsible for the disease, 40 bacterial strains were isolated from diseased rice seedlings collected from the four major accumulative-temperature zones of rice fields cultivated in Heilongjiang Province, and these were identified as 13 species based on morphological characteristics and 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequences. Inoculation of all the isolates on healthy rice seedlings showed that the nine Enterobacter cloacae isolates were the pathogens causing typical symptoms of BPB, including yellowing to pale browning, stunting, withering, drying, and death. Moreover, the nine E. cloacae isolates could also cause symptoms of bacterial disease on the seedlings of soybean (Glycine max), maize (Zea mays L.), and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences and phenotypic and biochemical characteristics indicated that these nine pathogenic isolates were E. cloacae. In addition, analysis of the sequences of four housekeeping genes (rpoB, gyrB, infB, and atpD) from the selected strain SD4L also assigned the strain to E. cloacae. Therefore, E. cloacae is the pathogen causing disease of rice seedlings in Heilongjiang Province, which we propose to classify as a form of BPB. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to identify E. cloacae as a causal agent of BPB in rice.

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