scholarly journals Foreign experience in ensuring the economic security of the state

2020 ◽  
pp. 131-136
Author(s):  
V.V. Mirgorod-Karpova ◽  
D.V. Murach
Keyword(s):  
Current Model ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Economic Forces ◽  
To Come ◽  
Legal Mechanism

The article highlights the experience of foreign countries in ensuring the economic security of the state. The main part of the work is devoted to the analysis of different models of government agencies to ensure the economic security of different countries. In the current conditions in which Ukraine finds itself, such as the severe economic crisis, the coronavirus pandemic, high levels of corruption and others, there is an urgent need for a rational and prompt response by the authorities to such obstacles to stability. Especially today, when due to the pandemic of coronavirus infection, which has caused unfavorable conditions for doing business and normal employment, the issue of mobilization of all economic forces to bring the country out of crisis is relevant. Potentially, such obstacles could significantly weaken Ukraine's economy for many years to come. The authors of the article propose to overcome this problem, to explore foreign models of bodies that provide financial and economic security. Thus, the key subject of research will be various foreign bodies that ensure the economic security of the country and doctrinal sources that cover the improvement of the current model of economic security in Ukraine and the world. Therefore, to ensure the appropriate level of economic security of Ukraine, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive study of foreign experience in this area in order to attract and implement in national legislation certain ideas that may further positively affect the state of the national economy. The paper pays special attention to the introduction of a single law enforcement body to ensure economic security in Ukraine. Some opinions of legal scholars on the need to introduce such a body and the implementation of foreign experience in Ukraine are given. The authors pay special attention to the experience of the Financial Guard of Italy and the administrative and legal mechanism of its interaction with other public authorities.

scholarly journals The Economic Security Of The State: Its Genesis And The Transformation Approaches Of The Modernity

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (15) ◽  
pp. 328-345
Author(s):  
Valeriia Myrhorod-Karpova ◽  
Volodymyr Hrytsenko ◽  
Anna Dragonenko ◽  
Alexander Chernenko ◽  
Sergii Penkov
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Security System ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Legal Mechanism

The relevance of this article is due to the fact that the economic security of the state is a key component of the national security system and a major factor in ensuring national interests. The purpose of the article is to conduct a scientific study on the definition of the administrative and legal mechanism of ensuring economic security in Ukraine by borrowing the positive experience of foreign countries. The leading research methods are general scientific and special research methods, including methods of logic, analysis, comparison etc. The results of this study are a comparative legal analysis of the functioning of the economic security system in Ukraine and EU countries, analysis of the transformation of economic security in European countries, search for promising ways of transformation and reform in Ukraine. The significance of the obtained results is reflected in the fact that this study may serve as a basis for outlining future changes to the current legislation of Ukraine on the functioning of economic security in Ukraine.  

scholarly journals INVESTMENT SECURITY IN THE SYSTEM OF ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE STATE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataliia Sytnyk ◽  
Veronika Ishchenko
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Fixed Capital ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

In modern conditions of functioning of the market economy, in the era of development of globalization and globalization processes, the prevalence of international relations, the spread of various forms of international capital movement, in particular foreign direct investment, an important place is occupied by investment activities and policies implemented by the state within the framework of the latter. It is difficult to overestimate the importance and role of investment, because world experience shows that the effective development of business entities, and therefore the country's economy as a whole, cannot be imagined without making investments. Therefore, the government of almost any country in the world is focused on creating a favorable investment climate. The article defines the theoretical foundations of investment security of the state: the essence of the concept is outlined, the principles on which investment security is based, its place and role in the state's economic security system are justified. Qualitative and quantitative criteria for a comprehensive assessment of the state's investment security are presented. The calculation and analysis of the main indicators – quantitative criteria of investment security: gross accumulation of fixed capital; the degree of accumulation of fixed capital; the ratio of the cost of newly introduced fixed assets to the volume of capital investments is carried out; the ratio of net growth of foreign direct investment to GDP; the size of the Ukrainian economy as a percentage of global GDP. The dynamics of the total volume of foreign direct investment in the Ukrainian economy in the context of world countries is analyzed. The main investor countries that ensure the receipt of the largest volumes of investment flows to the Ukrainian economy are identified. Ukraine's place in the World Bank's “Doing Business” rating over the past ten years has been demonstrated. The positive dynamics regarding Ukraine's place in the World Bank's “Doing Business” rating and the main factors that influenced such positive changes were noted. The investment climate of the state is assessed and possible measures are proposed to improve the mechanism of managing the state's investment security.

scholarly journals The Subject of the Migration Process as the Main Component of the Administrative and Legal Mechanism of Migration

2020 ◽  
pp. 274-285
Author(s):  
Iryna STOROZHUK
Keyword(s):  
Public Management ◽  
Separation Of Powers ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Migration Process ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Legal Mechanism

One of the conditions for building the rule of law is to improve public management of migration processes in accordance with international standards. Migration is an integral part of any state. Migration processes can be affected by economic, political, social, demographic factors, environmental or man-made disasters. Not the least role in migration processes is played by military conflicts or religious or racial persecution. Migration is the movement of a person to change his or her place of residence or stay, involving the crossing of a state border or the boundaries of administrative-territorial units. The administrative and legal mechanism of migration covers the main elements of the migration process. The main one is the subject. Migrant as the subject is a person through whom migration relations arise. The system of public authorities is treated as a subject of regulation of migration processes on behalf of the state. It is the interaction of the subjects that makes migration relations real. The subjects of migration processes are: public authorities and administration, which are endowed with certain powers in the field of migration management. Individuals who have crossed administrative borders or changed their place of permanent residence can be citizens of Ukraine, citizens of foreign countries, stateless persons, refugees, internally displaced persons. Non-governmental organizations that do not have direct authority to manage migration processes and can have a direct impact on the integration of migrants into the new social environment. The ratio of executive, legislative and judicial power in the system of legal regulation of migration in Ukraine shows that the indispensable attribute of the state-power mechanism, built on the principles of separation of powers, is the executive power. It creates conditions for the implementation of the preventive function of the legislature, initiates changes in the current migration legislation; implements its own executive and administrative functions; supports the exercise of judicial functions by the judiciary and itself acts as an object of judicial influence. The analysis shows that geopolitical migration processes contribute to the expansion of the subjects of migration processes, and that one of the current problems of the modern system of administrative and legal regulation of migration processes is the need to reconcile the interests of the state, its citizens and migrants.

scholarly journals Transparency of Public and Local Finances: Foreign Experience

2020 ◽  
pp. 18-30
Author(s):  
INNA O. SHKOLNYK ◽  
NATALIIA G. VYHOVSKA ◽  
YULIIA S. HAVRYSH ◽  
ANDRII O. IVANCHENKO
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Budget Process ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Public Finances ◽  
Information Portal ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
The Republic ◽  
State And Local

In modern conditions, the role of transparency of both public and local finances is growing significantly, which is a tool to increase the efficiency of financial resources, which confirms the analysis of Ukrainian and foreign studies. In Ukraine, the level of transparency is improving every year and as of 2019 is assessed by international organizations as the minimum allowable. At the same time, the level of transparency of local budgets differs significantly in different regions. To improve the situation and implement best practices in the field of transparency of public finances at both the state and local levels, it is important to analyze the foreign experience of those countries that are leaders in ratings of transparency of public authorities and transparency of the budget process. The paper analyzes the experience of the Office of the Public Accountant of Texas (USA), the Treasury of New Zealand, and the Treasury of the Republic of South Africa, which according to the open budget rating provided by the International Budget Partnership are among the 10 most transparent countries. Analysis of the content of the information portal of the Texas Public Accounts Controller Office showed a separate section “Transparency” with a detailed presentation of information in terms of key blocks of revenues and expenditures, state budget and finances, information on the formation and use of funds in all localities, information on budget deficit as well as information on transparency at the level of individual settlements, school districts, etc. A comparative analysis with the state of transparency of Ukrainian government agencies responsible for the development and implementation of fiscal policy and identifies weaknesses and strengths in terms of their transparency. It is established that the openness of the process of using public finances in Ukraine is gradually increasing, while the positions in the world transparency rating are also improving. However, the conceptual difference between building sites in the countries analyzed is that they report to taxpayers in a form that is accessible to them, rather than simply covering available information without comment or explanation. Keywords: open budget, participation, public finances, rating, fiscal policy.

INCLUSIVE STRATEGIC VECTOR OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE SUBJECT AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD SECTOR

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serhii Didukh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Inclusive System ◽  
Strategic Goals ◽  
Mechanism Of Interaction

The article analyzes the socio-economic context of the implementation of an inclusive system of agri-food development. The strategic goals of inclusive development at the macro level have been identified, according to which the ultimate goal is to create a society of common prosperity and well-being. It is shown that the implementation of the principles of inclusiveness involves overcoming certain disparities in development and inequality in their various manifestations. It is substantiated that for the modern agri-food sector of Ukraine the most important task is to form the sphere of employment of the rural population. The strategic directions of inclusive transformation of Ukraine are determined: social, infrastructural, economic and security. The components of the economic aspect of inclusive development are analyzed in detail, which are to create opportunities for effective business activities regardless of place of residence, which is primarily to create and maintain business infrastructure (logistics, banking, Internet). It is shown that the key role in the implementation of an inclusive development system is played by the availability of an optimal legal and regulatory framework for doing business by small businesses. The optimal mechanism of interaction of subjects of agro-food sphere concerning development of inclusive economy is defined. It is substantiated that in the conditions of institutional weakness of the state the functions on introduction of inclusive principles should be distributed between the state, community and private capital. On the basis of the conducted analysis the model of inclusive transformation of subjects of agro-food sphere is carried out. Prospects for further research are to substantiate the applied tools for the implementation of an inclusive system of agri-food development with the distribution of areas of responsibility between public authorities and private entities of different forms of ownership and scale of activity.

Current model of the state executive service in the system of public authorities of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-113
Author(s):  
Petro V. Makushev ◽  
Аndrii V. Khridochkin ◽  
Hanna O. Blinova ◽  
Oleksandr V. Taldykin
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Current Model ◽  
The State ◽  
Mixed System ◽  
Theoretical Justification ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Problem Situations ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

The relevance of the problem under study is due to the need for theoretical justification of the place of executive proceedings in the modern legal system of Ukraine and the functions of the state executive service to protect the rights of citizens and legal entities, as well as the interests of the country. The purpose of the article is to develop a modern model of administrative activity of state executive service bodies. The leading research method for this problem is modeling, which allows us to consider this problem as a focused and informed process of reforming the existing system of executive proceedings in Ukraine. The article presents the main causes of problem situations in executive proceedings and offers comprehensive ways to solve them, based on the structure of the modern state executive service, creating the theoretical foundations of executive proceedings and making specific amendments to the current legislation. The article clarifies the principles, functions and powers of the state executive service in Ukraine, as well as defines the functional features of the administrative activities of the state executive service bodies and discloses the contents of the administrative-legal status of the state executor in a mixed decision enforcement system. In Ukraine is not yet comprehensive research on state executive service in Ukraine in a mixed system of decision-making, with emphasis on the peculiarities of its reform in the present period and the formulation of the Concept. This determines the relevance of this study, its scientific and practical value

BUDGET FORECASTING AND PLANNING: LOCAL AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
E. Y. Lemeshko
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Financial Policy ◽  
Budget Planning ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
Foreign Countries

Budget forecasting and planning plays an important role in conducting a sound financial policy. The effectiveness of processes and methods of budget forecasting and planning directly affects the economy of both the state and each territorial entity. The experience gained by foreign countries can be used in the process of reforming budget planning and forecasting in Russia

scholarly journals The Concept of an Innovative Model of Combating Organized Crime: Background and Opportunities

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 553-569
Author(s):  
Sergey Maksimov ◽  
Yury Vasin
Keyword(s):  
Organized Crime ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Criminal Group ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Criminal Prosecution ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Innovative Model

An intensive digitization of all social processes (including criminogenic ones) demanded such a degree of rapidity, effectiveness, efficiency and relevance for the decisions taken by modern states that could not be provided using the dominant model of state policy for combating crime. This new civilizational challenge is especially evident for the problem of counteracting organized crime. The authors conclude that the contemporary model of criminal policy against organized crime, whose main idea is a constant strengthening of liability for organized criminal activities, is undergoing a crisis. An indicator of this crisis is a recent amendment of Art. 210 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation by a norm that considerably limits criminal prosecution of owners, participants, beneficiaries and managers of judicial persons (or their divisions) for organizing a criminal group or participating in it if the corresponding judicial persons were not originally created with the purpose of committing grave or very grave crimes. The same norm limits criminal prosecution of the above-mentioned categories of physical persons if the latter did not possess direct knowledge of the criminal purposes for which such judicial persons were created. The authors believe that the crisis of the current model of combating organized crime is also proven by a lack of any significant correlation between the changes in the criminal legislation on liability for organized criminal activities during the last 24 years and changes in the intensity of the practice of its enforcement. This conclusion, according to the authors, makes it possible to infer that goals that the lawmakers set while trying to improve the effectiveness of combating organized crime were probably not achieved. The authors claim that the key causes of the unproductive reaction of lawmakers and law enforcers to the growing activities of organized crime, including its influence on the general state of law and order and the economic security of the state, include a selective post factum reaction to the growth of specific manifestations of organized crimes based on the intuitive trial and error approach. The authors suggest using the following ideas for the concept of an innovative model of influencing organized crime: it is necessary to use mathematical modeling of the planned amendments to criminal or other connected legislation and their influence both on the system of legal norms of the amended act and the system of legal norms as a whole, on the practice of law enforcement and criminal activity; the state should react to all the specific reasons for the initiation of criminal cases on organized criminal activities using automated systems of collecting, processing and evaluating information, making predictions of the changes in the intensity of organized criminal behavior; the causes and conditions of specific organized criminal infringements should be revealed and measures should be taken to eliminate them.

scholarly journals Ways to improve administrative and legal mechanism for ensuring the rights of business entities in the field of taxation

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-80
Author(s):  
А. М. Чорна
Keyword(s):  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Low Level ◽  
State Tax ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
High Level ◽  
Legal Mechanism ◽  
Constructive Interaction

The author of the article, based on the analysis of scientific views of scholars and current legislation of Ukraine, elaborates the ways to improve administrative and legal mechanism for ensuring the rights of business entities in the field of taxation. It is substantiated that the objective prerequisites for improving administrative and legal mechanism for ensuring the rights of business entities in the field of taxation are: 1) low level of trust of entrepreneurs in the tax service; 2) high level of corruption in the agencies of the State Tax Service; 3) imperfect mechanism of legal regulation of tax advice; 4) low level of quality and efficiency of functioning of administrative and legal mechanism of ensuring the rights and lawful interests of business entities as taxpayers, etc. It was stated that the first step towards improving administrative and legal mechanism for ensuring the rights of business entities in the field of taxation should be the improvement of the relevant administrative legislation. The expediency of improving the organizational structure of the State Tax Service is substantiated. Emphasis was placed on the need to improve the interaction of the State Tax Service with other public authorities and the public on ensuring the rights of business entities in the field of taxation. It is noted that the deep and constructive interaction of the State Tax Service of Ukraine with other public authorities and the public is undoubtedly an important guarantee of high quality and efficiency for ensuring the rights of business entities.

scholarly journals ORGANIZATION OF STATE CONTROL FUNCTIONS FOR INTERNATIONAL FINANCES: INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE

2019 ◽  
pp. 128-141
Author(s):  
I. V. Karikh ◽  
V. V. Myrgorod-Karpova
Keyword(s):  
International Finance ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Assistance ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Financial Control ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
Form Of Government ◽  
The World

Most countries in the world are building a state system of financial control and control over international finances, taking into account the fundamental principles laid down in international legal sources and on the basis of world experience. The realization of the task of ensuring sustainable economic, social and political development of Ukraine requires further investigation of the problems of establishing effective control over international finances and initiating the reform process in this field, which can become a key element in the complex systemic transformations in the financial sphere and the construction of a new financial system of the state. We believe that Ukraine should look for the most important challenges of today, drawing on international experience in this field, with a view to its further use. The importance and importance of using foreign experience is also closely linked to the process of state integration into the world community and the implementation of international practice of financial control. Therefore, it is crucial for Ukraine to study foreign experience of financial control and to borrow appropriate experience in this field in order to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the domestic financial control system. It should be noted that the global practice in the field of financial control is extremely voluminous and multifaceted, it has different approaches to the organization and implementation of control measures, most of which have been validated over time. N. Lazareva and GV Dmitrenko point out that the choice of a particular model is based on the relevant factors: the state of democratic development of society and the level of construction of civil society, the specifics of the distribution of powers between branches of government, the normalized form of government, historically accepted in the state form of government, historically the way of development of statehood and development of institute of financial control [2, p. 68; 3, p. 22]. Most countries in the world have gone a long way in finding ways to develop and build financial control. The highest financial control authorities in most countries of the world have endured a long period of searching for their effective functioning and implementation of really effective control measures. For example, the National Audit Office of Great Britain was formed in 1120, the Regular Audit Organization of Belgium - 1386, the General Chamber of Prussia - 1714, the Main Accountancy Chamber of the Principality of Warsaw - 1808, etc. [4, p. 127]. Such bodies were far from the current vision of public authorities in the area of financial control. However, they have become the prototype of the current institutions, with a defined range of tasks, functions, powers and goals for their implementation. Given the challenges and needs of today, the powers of such institutions and bodies have been expanded to control the cash provided or received in the form of international financial assistance. Unfortunately, historically Ukraine has been deprived of the possibility of gradually building state institutions in this area. Gaining independence in 1991 put the country in a position to address key challenges to economic development and the effective functioning of public authorities and government. Considering this fact, we consider that foreign experience in any sphere for Ukraine is the most valuable source of solving urgent problems, including the borrowing of the world practice of organization of financial control, control in the sphere of international finances and proper regulatory fixing of such mechanism. Keywords: international finance, international financial assistance, control over international finance in Ukraine.

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