scholarly journals Organization of Business Activities Taking into Account Environmental and Economic Aspects

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-85
Author(s):  
Oleksandr V. Kubatko ◽  
Oleksandra V. Kubatko ◽  
Tetyana I. Sachnenko ◽  
Odevole O. Oluwaseun
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Ecological Crisis ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
The Impact

One of the most urgent environmental problems today is the pollution of the environment by emissions of harmful substances and industrial waste. The negative impact on the environment and people is becoming more widespread, and its disposal methods inhibit the development of the economic system. In a market economy, entrepreneurs are not interested in increasing environmental costs, which naturally lead to higher production costs and reduce profits. The impact on the environment is becoming more widespread every year and has led to an ecological crisis in some parts of the world. Waste recycling has been constantly discussed since a person “produces” more than 250 kg of household waste per year. At the enterprise, these figures reach 10 000 kg. In recent years, Ukraine has imported about 30-50 thousand tons of PET granulate, which is gradually accumulating in landfills in the form of packaging, bottles, films. Such hazardous pollutants affect the environment through soil and water. In contrast, Ukraine does not yet have successful experience in waste management. In our opinion, such behavior is the ignorance of the population about waste disposal and replacement of a particular product with a more environmentally friendly one. The functioning of enterprises and farms does not always have the equipment to dispose of waste, and there is no room for the disposal of unnecessary products and raw materials. However, the problem of lack of innovative equipment arises due to a lack of adequate funding. Therefore, the lack of possibilities for a comprehensive solution to the situation creates a barrier, which does not allow to take proper measures to eliminate and reduce the amount of garbage. Despite many regulations and legal frameworks for regulating waste management, there is no cost-effective policy, and there is no regional waste management program and plan for their proper disposal. It can be concluded that the recycling and disposal of waste will reduce the need for waste incineration, create conditions for improving the economic component of the region and the country as a whole with an account of environmental quality standards. The paper pays attention to the essence of waste disposal; identified ways to recycle garbage.

Reduction of Radioactive Waste Production: Where Is the Optimum?

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Havard
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
History Of ◽  
Intermediate Storage ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Low and medium level waste management means reducing the amount of waste generated during maintenance and operation of the plant, in accordance with the ALARA concept, while keeping not only the quality of the product but also the associated costs under control. All this waste is managed by ONDRAF/NIRAS, the Belgian Federal Agency responsible for waste management, including conditioning, intermediate storage and final disposal. Unfortunately, the actions taken by ONDRAF/NIRAS and the producers in order to reduce waste production have had a negative impact on waste treatment tariffs. It has become necessary to re-examine the relationship between ONDRAF/NIRAS and the producers, in order to control the costs of waste management. This problem concerns not only the treatment costs but also the disposal costs. The volume of waste has fallen from 30M3/Thwh in 1985 to 4.m3/Twh in 2000, not by chance but as the result of a new site organisation geared towards achieving this aim. This paper presents firstly the history of Belgian waste management, taking into account the impact on the associated costs, and secondly the measures that have to be taken in order to be able to decide which new technologies are necessary to go further with the objective of waste volume reduction in a new environment, namely deregulation and consequently high pressure on production costs. Finally, it presents a few conclusions.

scholarly journals The Durability of Concrete Modified by Waste Limestone Powder in the Chemically Aggressive Environment

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Kępniak ◽  
Piotr Woyciechowski ◽  
Paweł Łukowski ◽  
Justyna Kuziak ◽  
Rafał Kobyłka
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Desirability Function ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Limestone Powder ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Concrete Technology ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Durability Of Concrete

The idea of sustainable development assumes that natural resources must be treated as limited goods and that waste must be managed rationally. This idea and the constant striving to reduce production costs make the use of waste materials as substitutes for traditionally used raw materials from non-renewable sources increasingly popular. In cement concrete technology, there are many possibilities to use waste as components of mortars and concretes. The subject of this paper is a fine-grained material, obtained as a by-product during the preparation of aggregate for mineral-asphalt mixtures. The aim of the research was to test the suitability of the selected type of powder, namely limestone powder, as a component of cement composites. The paper presents an evaluation of the potential of using the limestone powder as a substitute for the fine aggregate, focusing on the impact of such a modification on aspects of durability. The sulfate degradation and chloride ion diffusion in concrete were investigated. The overall desirability function has been determined. It was demonstrated that the satisfactory value of the general desirability can be attributed to most of the investigated concretes. Positive test results support the potential of replacing part of natural fine aggregate with the tested waste limestone dust without a negative impact on the durability of concrete.

scholarly journals Management and Awareness on Health Hazards of Household Waste: A Community based study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1440-1443
Author(s):  
Naresh Manandhar ◽  
Syed Ataullah ◽  
Rishav Raj ◽  
Pallabi Chakraborty ◽  
Supriya Raya Adhikari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Health Hazards ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
River Bank

Introduction:  Waste is physical things or unwanted materials that are of no use to the human beings.1 Waste management is the activities and actions required to manage waste from its inception to its final disposal. Objectives: The objective of study is to assess the management and awareness on health hazards of household waste in a community of Khopasi, Kavrepalanchowk district. Methodology:  The study design was descriptive cross-sectional and it was conducted from 10th November to 15th November 2019 at Khopasi, Kavrepalanchowk using convenience sampling technique in 281 households. The statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20 was used for data entry and analysis. Descriptive statistics like frequency, mean, percentage etc was calculated. Results:  The mean age of 281 respondents was 44.89 years. Similarly 43.8% of respondents considered waste management as a major issue and 84.3% had knowledge about health hazards due to improper waste disposal. Forty-seven percentages of the respondents disposed of their waste through waste collecting vehicle, 26% by burning, 17% threw their waste by riverbank, and 9% threw their waste indiscriminately in the surrounding area. Conclusion: The majority of respondents were aware about adverse effect on their health due to improper waste disposal. However the knowledge of waste management program is poor. They throw waste in the river bank or indiscriminately in open places.

scholarly journals Perception and Behavior Analysis of Comorians Citizens on the Solid Household Waste Problems

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (26) ◽  
pp. 297
Author(s):  
Ali Issihaka Ali ◽  
Fadoua Karouach ◽  
Nabila Lahboubi ◽  
Mohammed Bakraoui ◽  
Hassan El Bari
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
System Improvement ◽  
Voluntary Intake ◽  
And Behavior

The objective of this study is to analyze the perception of Comorian citizens facing the situation of solid waste management (SWM). For this, a qualitative and quantitative approach is conducted on a sample of 300 households. The study shows that 61.1% of households freely dispose a waste on sensitive sites, 19.7% bring waste to collection points and 18.6% benefit from door-to-door. Moreover, 63% of households prefer door-to-door as a means of waste disposal compared to 19.5% who prefer voluntary intake and 17.5% prefer free evacuation. Home sorting concerns only 19.3% of households compared with 80.7% whose dispose mixed waste. Households that are aware of the negative impact of waste on health are 87.5%, against 5%, are unconscious and 7.5% remain without opinion. The study also shows that 40% of households are aware of the negative impact of waste on the environment, against 33% of non-conscious and 27% of non-opinion. The majority of households (58%) are unsatisfied of waste collection services schedules. However, 93.3% of households approve actions carried out by NGO and association. A financial contribution for waste management system improvement of 0.54 USD and 1.08 USD per month was approved by 67% of households.

scholarly journals Development of recycling infrastructure in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
Lesia Kostiuchenko ◽  
Volodymyr Marchuk ◽  
Oleg Harmash
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Recycling Industry

Today, household waste occupies a large area of legal and illegal landfills, and existing recycling plants are not operating at full capacity due to lack of recyclables. Responsible waste management is a key issue for the entire recycling industry in Ukraine. The study of trends in the development of solid waste recycling infrastructure in developed countries is the basis for the formation of its own recycling system in Ukraine. This explains the fact that in a difficult environmental situation on a global scale, the issue of recycling is gaining priority today. Modern enterprises that provide services for the removal of household waste, their sorting and further processing today especially need the participation of the state to create market conditions for the development of a competitive environment. After all, in addition to the processing of waste into secondary raw materials, biogas extraction systems are installed at landfills in Ukraine and installations for electricity production are operated. So in parallel with solving the problem of pollution, we have an additional source of alternative energy. At the legislative level, the executive bodies of village, settlement and city councils have the right to address the issues of collection, transportation, utilization and disposal of household waste, setting tariffs for the service of household waste management, organization of separate collection of useful components of this waste. In order to create a proper system and build infrastructure for efficient waste management, it is important to unite local communities. In addition, it is critical to apply a systematic approach to the organization of the execution chain of all stages of recycling by forming the interaction of all infrastructure elements.

scholarly journals The Impact of Environmental Regulation on the Location of Pollution-Intensive Industries in China under Agglomeration Effect

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4045
Author(s):  
Yinhao Wu ◽  
Shumin Yu ◽  
Xiangdong Duan
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Agglomeration Effect ◽  
The Government ◽  
Pollutant Discharge ◽  
The Impact

Pollution-intensive industries (PIIs) have both scale effect and environmental sensitivity. Therefore, this paper studies how environmental regulation (ER) affects the location dynamics of PIIs under the agglomeration effect. Our results show that, ER can increase the production costs of pollution-intensive firms (PIFs) by internalizing the negative impact of pollutant discharge in a region, and thus, directly reduces the region’s attractiveness to PIFs. Meanwhile, ER can indirectly reduce the attractiveness of a region to PIFs by reducing the externality of the regional agglomeration effect. Moreover, these influences are regulated by the level of local economic development. Based on the moderated mediating effect model, we find evidence from the site selection activities of newly built chemical firms in cities across China. The empirical test shows that compared with 2014, the proportion of the direct effect of ER to the total effects significantly decreased in 2018, while the proportion of indirect effects under the agglomeration effect increased significantly. Our findings provide reference for the government to design effective environmental policies to guide the location choice of new PIFs.

The current issues of using innovative solutions in waste-free management systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 136-148
Author(s):  
Olga Vytvytska ◽  
Mykyt Pundyk
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Energy Technology ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Management Technology ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

The purpose of the article. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the theoretical foundations and practical innovative solutions for the reuse of waste resources with a proposal for improved waste management technology with prospects for implementation in Ukraine. Research methodology: theoretical and practical aspects of the introduction and implementation of eco-management, because for Ukraine such an approach to the introduction of innovative processing technologies in enterprises is completely new. Methodical toolkit of substantiation of innovative decisions of reuse of resources from waste, structure of prime cost of the improved system for the Goloseevsky area. Kiev. Scientific novelty. It is proposed to optimize the existing garbage problem in most regions and replace waste trucks based on the method of the pneumatic system manufactured by Envac. The system allows you to reduce the cost of moving cargo over time sorting or disposal points. Conclusions. The introduction of innovative systems in Ukraine for the year saves UAH 34 billion 499 million, in addition, the sorting of household waste is gaining popularity, recycling tanks are being installed in cities, the population is beginning to treat waste with understanding, and a behavioral strategy has been introduced to stimulate waste recycling. In addition, the proposed technology of sorting raw materials allows you to sort up to 97% of household waste, and the rest to burn for energy. All this makes the development of the processing industry in Ukraine promising. Keywords: innovations, waste-free systems, secondary raw materials, energy, technology.

Assessment of the Implementation of Proper Solid Waste Management of The Residents In Bonbon, Clarin, Bohol

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Daisy Ganados ◽  
Jessebel Gencianos ◽  
Ruth Ann Faith Mata ◽  
Christopher Sam Pates ◽  
Christine Mariesalvatiera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Zero Waste ◽  
Planning And Control ◽  
And Control

Solid waste management is the process of collecting and treating solid wastes. It also offers solutions for recycling items that do not belong to garbage or trash. Reducing and eliminating the adverse impact of waste materials on human health and the environment supports economic development. Quality of life is the primary goal of solid waste management. To ensure environmental best practices, content or hazard potential and solid waste must be managed systematically, and it is needed to be incorporated into ecological planning. This study aimed to assess Bonbon, Clarin, Bohol residents towards the proper implementation of solid waste management. The quantitative-descriptive method of research was used with the aid of a modified standardized survey questionnaire. The data showed that mothers or married respondents aged 21-30 got the highest percentage. Therefore, it shows that they are the ones primarily in charge of household waste management. The Assessment of the implementation of Solid Waste Management was conducted per dimension: Planning and Control, Zero Waste Collection Service, and Waste Disposal System. According to the results, the dimension of Planning and Control was labeled as Strongly Implemented, Zero Waste Collection Service was marked as Moderately Implemented, and Waste Disposal System was categorized as Moderately Not Implemented. Therefore, it shows that the Solid Waste Management in Bonbon, Clarin, Bohol was moderately implemented. Thus, the study's outcome served as a guide to enhance their best practices for the full implementation and sustainability of solid waste management in their locality.

scholarly journals THE RUKUN WARGA-BASED 3RS AND WASTE BANK AS SUSTAINABLE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT STRATEGY

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherly Towolioe ◽  
Ariva Sugandi Permana ◽  
Norsiah A. Aziz ◽  
Chin Siong Ho ◽  
Dario G. Pampanga
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Organizational System ◽  
Financial Requirement ◽  
Waste Bank ◽  
Bank System

Communities store a potential power to support overall performance of urban solid waste management through various creative and innovative arrangements. In Indonesia, the Rukun Warga (RW) is the lowest hierarchy of community organizational system which can implement creative and innovative arrangements to support solid waste management activities with less financial requirement. This study observed RW-based activity on fifty RWs with 412 respondents in terms of 3Rs, household waste separation, waste recycling business and waste bank system undertaken by the community for the sake of cleanliness and income-earning. The result shows that the correlation between level of the activity of the RWs communities in undertaking 3Rs, recycling business and waste bank, and the perceived cleanliness by the community members was validated. It is also showed positive results such as improved urban environment and provided strong push-factor influencing the community members to join the movement and the activities towards sustainable solid waste management are not always cost-intensive activities but a socially bounded engagement would also workable.

scholarly journals Efektywność produkcji FAME na podstawie wymagań normy ISO 14045:2012

Nafta-Gaz ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-214
Author(s):  
Michał Pajda ◽  
◽  
Wojciech Mazela ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Energy Materials ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

The aim of the work was to present the issue of eco-efficiency, based on the PN-EN ISO 14045:2012 standard in relation to the production of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). The ecoefficiency analysis takes into account economic and environmental aspects in the improvement of products and processes / technologies. Eco-efficiency considers the product and technology throughout the life cycle, from the construction phase, through use to decommissioning. The impact on the natural environment is assessed on the basis of: consumption of energy, materials, dust and gas emissions, waste and sewage. Total costs include: production costs, raw material costs, costs during the use phase including maintenance, repair and operating costs, product disposal or recycling. The eco-efficiency analysis is helpful in making decisions regarding the selection of a new product or designing a new technology, and enables the selection of the variant that is the most economical and has the least possible impact on the natural environment. These issues are particularly important in the case of biofuels. The rapid growth of their production and the European Union’s policy, which aims to increase the share of energy from renewable sources, cause concerns of many experts regarding the threats related to the production of biofuels, both for the environment and food security. In particular, efforts are made to minimize the amount of waste and residues by implementing the idea of a circular economy. This approach promotes the development of new technologies that are more environmentally friendly. Due to the regulations set out in the RED and RED II Directives, there is a chance that the biofuels will have a less negative impact on the environment. This results from the obligation to certify compliance with the sustainability criteria, which is carried out by voluntary systems recognized by the European Commission, such as the KZR INiG System.

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