scholarly journals How Salinity Affects Co2 Fixation by Horticultural Crops

HortScience ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 1798-1803 ◽  
Author(s):  
César Mota-Cadenas ◽  
Carlos Alcaraz-López ◽  
M. Carmen Martínez-Ballesta ◽  
Micaela Carvajal
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Content ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
The Other ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Photosynthetic Rates ◽  
Carbon Sequestration Potential ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Sequestration Potential

It has been recognized widely that sequestration of atmospheric CO2 by terrestrial ecosystems can contribute significantly to the stabilization of atmospheric CO2. The carbon sequestration potential of crop lands should be considered as a modest but non-negligible contribution to climate change mitigation. Salinity is one of the most important environmental factors limiting crop production of marginal agricultural soils in many parts of the world. In our research, several physiological analyses were performed in atmospheric CO2, in daylight, both in normal conditions and with salinity (40 mm NaCl). Crops like melon or pepper showed significantly lower photosynthetic rates when they were grown in saline conditions. Also, the total chlorophyll content and carbon percentage were lower in the salinity-treated plants of these species. For lettuce, treated plants showed a significant decrease in photosynthetic rates and chlorophyll content, but there were no differences in carbon content. On the other hand, there were no significant differences in the values of total chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, or carbon content for tomato and watermelon plants when control and NaCl-treated plants were compared. The mineral composition data showed greater increases of sodium in both roots and leaves of melon and pepper when plants were treated with NaCl compared with the rest of the species. In conclusion, tomato and watermelon seem to be more efficient in CO2 fixation than the other crops of this experiment and this seems to be related to their greater salinity tolerance.

scholarly journals Lavandula angustifolia Growth and Physiology Is Affected by Substrate Type and Depth When Grown under Mediterranean Semi-intensive Green Roof Conditions

HortScience ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Kotsiris ◽  
Panayiotis A. Nektarios ◽  
Angeliki T. Paraskevopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Stomatal Resistance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Substrate Depth

Green roofs have received increased interest as a result of their environmental, social, and economic benefits. The present study aims to evaluate suitable, lightweight substrates for the installation of semi-intensive-type green roofs and their effects on Lavandula angustifolia growth and physiological status under Mediterranean climatic conditions. The study was conducted in field containers (1.2 × 1.2 m), and treatments included the use of two depths (20 cm or 30 cm) and three different substrates: 1) pumice (Pum) mixed with peat (P) and zeolite (Z) in a volumetric proportion of 65:30:5 (Pum65:P30:Z5); 2) pumice mixed with compost (C) and zeolite in a volumetric proportion of 65:30:5 (Pum65:C30:Z5); and 3) sandy loam soil (S) mixed with perlite (Per) and zeolite in a volumetric proportion of 30:65:5 (S30:Per65:Z5). Each experimental plot was planted with four plants of L. angustifolia. The physical and chemical characteristics of the substrates and the in situ substrate moisture levels were determined. Plant growth was determined by the growth index and root dry weight, whereas the plant physiological status during the stressful summer period was determined by chlorophylla+b content and stomatal resistance. It was found that the bulk density of all of the substrates was less than 0.8 g·cm−3, whereas the water retention of substrate S30:Per65:Z5 was greater than the other two substrates at all tensions. Substrate depth was the most influential factor; therefore, the deeper substrates (30 cm) provided higher growth indices and root dry weight, increased total chlorophyll content, and reduced leaf stomatal resistance compared with the shallower substrate depth of 20 cm. Differences between substrate types were smaller compared with those of substrate depth. In spring, the growth index in substrate Pum65:C30:Z5 was larger but not in the summer when the growth index of substrates S30:Per65:Z5 and Pum65:P30:Z5 exceeded that of the substrate amended with compost until the end of the study. In late summer, the plant total chlorophyll content decreased in all substrates, whereas substrate Pum65:C30:Z5 exhibited increased stomatal resistance compared with the other two substrates at the same period. It was concluded that L. angustifolia could be grown successfully in semi-intensive Mediterranean green roofs at a substrate depth of 20 cm, but its growth and tolerance to the harsh summer conditions would improve at a substrate depth of 30 cm.

scholarly journals Improving the Keeping Quality and Vase Life of Cut Alstroemeria Flowers by Pre and Post-harvest Salicylic Acid Treatments

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elnaz SOLEIMANY-FARD ◽  
Khodayar HEMMATI ◽  
Ahmad KHALIGHI
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Keeping Quality

Keeping quality and length of vase life are important factors for evaluation of cut flowers quality, for both domestic and export markets. Studding the effect of pre- and post-harvest salicylic acid applications on keeping quality and vase life of cut alstroemeria flowers during vase period is the approach taken. Aqueous solutions of salicylic acid at 0.0 (with distilled water), 1, 2 and 3 mM were sprayed to run-off (approximately 500 mL per plant), about two weeks before flowers harvest. The cut flowers were harvested in the early morning and both of cut flowers treated (sprayed) and untreated were kept in vase solutions containing salicylic acid at 0.0 (with distilled water), 1, 2 and 3 mM. Sucrose at 4% was added to all treatments as a base solution. The changes in relative fresh weight, water uptake, water loss, water balance, total chlorophyll content and vase life were estimated during vase period. The results showed that the relative fresh weight, water uptake, water balance, total chlorophyll content and vase life decreased significantly while the water loss increased significantly during experiment for all treatments. A significant difference between salicylic acid and control treatments in all measured parameters is observed. During vase period, the salicylic acid treatments maintained significantly a more favourable relative fresh weight, water uptake, water balance, total chlorophyll content and supressed significantly water loss, as compared to control treatment. Also, the results showed that the using salicylic acid increased significantly the vase life cut alstroemeria flowers, over control. The highest values of measured parameters were found when plants were treated by pre + post-harvest application of salicylic acid at 3 mM. The result revealed that the quality attributes and vase life of cut alstroemeria flowers were improved by the use of salicylic acid treatment.

scholarly journals Antioxidant gene expression, chlorophyll, and starch content in Persian lime (Citrus latifolia Tanaka Ex Q. Jiménez) trees with HLB by application of elicitors of plant resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-102
Author(s):  
Felipe Roberto Flores-de la Rosa ◽  
◽  
Ricardo Santillán-Mendoza ◽  
Cynthia Guadalupe Rodríguez-Quibrera ◽  
Antonio Martínez-Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Starch Accumulation ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Genes ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Randomized Design

Persian lime is economically important for Mexico. However, the disease known as Huanglongbing (HLB) causes chlorosis symptoms in the foliage that affect the growth and decreases the yield of the trees. The expression of chlorosis symptoms is associated with starch accumulation and inhibition of antioxidant activity. The objective of the present work was to determine the effect of the application of three resistance elicitors on the expression of three antioxidant genes and on starch and chlorophyll content in Persian lime trees with HLB. Salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA) or gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) were applied every eight days for nine weeks using a completely randomized design and a one-way ANOVA was performed for the analysis. Expression of APX, CAT and SOD genes was quantified at week nine at four different times. Starch and total chlorophyll content was estimated every three weeks by spectrophotometric methods. The application of the elicitors significantly increased the expression of the three genes, with SA and GABA generating the greatest increase at different times of application. No difference was found in starch and total chlorophyll content at most of the times evaluated. The use of resistance elicitors is promising in the management of HLB in plots already infected, seeking to extend the productive life of the orchards and thus counteract the economic losses caused by HLB.

scholarly journals Regional simulation of soil organic carbon dynamics for dry farmland in Northeast China using the CENTURY model

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245040
Author(s):  
Feng Zhang ◽  
Shihang Wang ◽  
Mingsong Zhao ◽  
Falv Qin ◽  
Xiaoyu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Century Model ◽  
Carbon Sequestration Potential ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Sequestration Potential ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Soil organic carbon content has a significant impact on soil fertility and grain yield, making it an important factor affecting agricultural production and food security. Dry farmland, the main type of cropland in China, has a lower soil organic carbon content than that of paddy soil, and it may have a significant carbon sequestration potential. Therefore, in this study we applied the CENTURY model to explore the temporal and spatial changes of soil organic carbon (SOC) in Jilin Province from 1985 to 2015. Dry farmland soil polygons were extracted from soil and land use layers (at the 1:1,000,000 scale). Spatial overlay analysis was also used to extract 1282 soil polygons from dry farmland. Modelled results for SOC dynamics in the dry farmland, in conjunction with those from the Yushu field-validation site, indicated a good level of performance. From 1985 to 2015, soil organic carbon density (SOCD) of dry farmland decreased from 34.36 Mg C ha−1 to 33.50 Mg C ha−1 in general, having a rate of deterioration of 0.03 Mg C ha−1 per year. Also, SOC loss was 4.89 Tg from dry farmland soils in the province, with a deterioration rate of 0.16 Tg C per year. 35.96% of the dry farmland its SOCD increased but 64.04% of the area released carbon. Moreover, SOC dynamics recorded significant differences between different soil groups. The method of coupling the CENTURY model with a detailed soil database can simulate temporal and spatial variations of SOC at a regional scale, and it can be used as a precise simulation method for dry farmland SOC dynamics.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PERBANDINGAN IKAN KEMBUNG (Rastrelliger kanagurta) DENGAN SAYUR GONDA (Sphenoclea zeylanica Gaertner) TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK BAKSO

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 426
Author(s):  
Brogina Mayank Dini ◽  
Luh Putu Trisna Darmayanti ◽  
I Ketut Suter
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Carbohydrate Content ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Randomized Design

This research was conducted with the aim to determine the effect of comparison of mackerel with gonda vegetable on meatballs characteristics and get a comparison of mackerel with specific gonda vegetable that can produce meatballs with the best characteristics. This study uses a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with treatment that is the comparison of mackerel with gonda vegetable consisting of 6 levels: 100%: 0%; 95%: 5%; 90%: 10%; 85%: 15%; 80%: 20%; 75%: 25%. Each treatment was repeated 3 times so that obtained 18 units. The data is then analyzed by analysis of variance and if the treatment influences the proposed variable then it is continued by Duncan. The results showed that the comparison of mackerel and gonda vegetable had a very significant effect on water content, ash content, fat content, protein content, carbohydrate content, total chlorophyll content, antioxidant capacity, color (scoring), texture, aroma, overall acceptance and no significant effect for texture, aroma and taste. Comparison of 80% mackerel and 20% gonda vegetables had the best characteristics, with 62.99% water content, 1.56% ash content, 1.28% fat content, 8.75% protein content, 25.43% carbohydrate content, 18.39% total chlorophyll content, antioxidant capacity 25.63%. Sensory properties obtained are color (rather green, rather like), texture (rather like), flavor (liked) and overall acceptance (like).

scholarly journals The Effect of Organic Fertilizers on Growth and Yield of Water Spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir)

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Selvia Dewi Pohan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Water Spinach ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content

Water spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir) had been identified as a nutritious vegetable with high demand in Indonesia. Besides, this plant also has been evidenced to play an important role in environmental cleaning as phytoremediator. The study about the effect of organic fertilizers on the growth and yield of water spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir) has been conducted in the Green House of Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Medan. The study aims to investigate the most effective type of fertilizers and the dose for water spinach’s (Ipomoea reptans Poir) growth and yield. A Completely Randomized Factorial Design was designed for the experiment with two factors and three repetitions. The first factor is the type of fertilizer (chicken manure, cow manure, and compost), and the second factor is the dose of the fertilizer (1:1, 2:1, and 3:1). The parameters such as plant height, number of shoots, number of leaves, fresh weight, dry weight, leaf’s total chlorophyll content, and water content were measured to evaluate plant growth and yield. The General Linear Model used SPSS 21 programs was applied to analyze the collected data. Study results revealed that cow manure increased plant growth and yield significantly with dose 2:1 as the finest treatment, followed by dose 3:1. Cow manure also increased total chlorophyll content (8.0574c mg. L-1), with the most suitable dose was 2:1 (8.2807 mg. L-1). The plant’s water content tended to be high in chicken manure (93%), and the lower water content was in cow manure with dose 3:1 (87.5%).

Cell membrane stability and chlorophyll content variation in wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes under conditions of heat and drought

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoaib Ur Rehman ◽  
Muhammad Bilal ◽  
Rashid Mehmood Rana ◽  
Muhammad Naveed Tahir ◽  
Muhammad Kausar Nawaz Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Cell Membrane Stability ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content

Heat and drought are among the major obstacles confronting crop production under climate change. The present study was conducted to evaluate 50 diverse wheat genotypes for cell membrane stability (CMS) and chlorophyll content at seedling and anthesis stages under heat and drought stress conditions, to understand the effect of the two abiotic factors and to find promising genotypes for future breeding. Experiments were conducted in the glasshouse (seedling stage) and the field (anthesis stage). Analysis of variance showed significant variation (P ≤ 0.05) for all of the traits at seedling and anthesis stages. High levels of broad-sense heritability and genetic advance at 5% selection intensity indicated the presence of a high genetic component of variation and potential for genetic improvement through selection among the existing genetic variation. CMS showed a significant positive correlation with 1000-grain weight (TGW) under heat and drought conditions at both seedling and anthesis stages. Chlorophyll a/b ratio at seedling stage exhibited a significant negative correlation (r = –0.39, P < 0.05) with TGW under heat stress. Total chlorophyll content was significantly (r = 0.42, P < 0.05) correlated with TGW under heat stress at anthesis. Genotypes ETAD248 and ETAD7 showed the highest CMS and TGW values, whereas their chlorophyll a/b values were lowest, at both seedling and anthesis stages under heat and drought stress conditions. Higher CMS and total chlorophyll content, and lower chlorophyll a/b, were found to be useful indicators to identify genotypes with high TGW under heat and drought stress conditions. This study indicated the possibility of using seedling resistance as an indicator for later stage response in breeding for heat and drought resistance. The resistant genotypes identified can be used as potential germplasm in breeding programs.

scholarly journals Cultivation of Cress Involving Water Treated Under Different Atmospheres with Low-Temperature, Low-Pressure Glow Plasma of Low Frequency

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2152
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Ciesielska ◽  
Wojciech Ciesielski ◽  
Damian Kulawik ◽  
Zdzisław Oszczęda ◽  
Piotr Tomasik
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Glow Plasma ◽  
Water Saturated

Watering cress with tap water treated for 30 min with low-temperature, low-pressure glow plasma of low frequency (LPGP) in the air (LPGPA), saturated with either nitrogen (LPGPN), CO2 (LPGPC) or methane (LPGPM), promoted the yield of crops. Their efficiency increased in the order LPGPA < LPGPN < LPGPM < LPGPC. The kind of water prior and after the treatment specifically influenced the fat and protein content in the watered cress and had no effect on the carbohydrate content. Watering cress with water saturated with N2 and CO2 slightly increased the total chlorophyll content, whereas watering with water saturated with CH4 significantly decreased it. Watering with plasma-treated water always resulted in an increase in the total chlorophyll content and subtly influenced the content of carotenoids and ascorbic acid. Watering cress with water saturated with particular gases influenced the bioaccumulation of cations and anions.

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