‘Zhong Ning Sheng’: A New Distant Hybrid Cultivar of Walnut

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is an agricultural commodities with a great extent of diversity and high economic value. In Indonesia, the great extent of diversity of sugarcane is evidenced by a large number of cultivars cultivated. Sugarcane diversities at the molecular level can be seen using DNA barcodes, one of which is the matK. The purpose of the study was to identify and characterize matK and reconstruct the phylogenetic tree to determine the phylogeny of 24 sugarcane cultivars Indonesia. matK was amplified using the PCR method with matK F-5’ATGATTAATTAAGAGTAAGAGGAT-3’ and matK R-5’AATGCAAAAATTCGAAGGGT-3. Results showed that the matK gene was successfully amplified as many as 1531 bp. The sequencing process was done to determine the nucleotide sequence and compared with those of the GenBank database. It showed that the samples used had a similarity of 98.87%-99.44% to that of matK in Saccharum officinarum, Saccharum hybrid cultivar and Saccharum spontaneum. Reconstruction of the phylogenetic tree showed that the samples used were located in the same clade with a zero genetic distance, while all the references from NCBI were also located in the same clade. The analysis of genetic variation indicated that it had no haplotype value.

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Integrated Physiological and Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal a Regulatory Network of Anthocyanin Metabolism Contributing to the Ornamental Value in a Novel Hybrid Cultivar of Camellia japonica

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants9121724 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 1724

Author(s):

Liqin Pan ◽

Jiyuan Li ◽

Hengfu Yin ◽

Zhengqi Fan ◽

Xinlei Li

Keyword(s):

Regulatory Network ◽

Leaf Growth ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Differential Expression Analysis ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Potential Candidate ◽

Leaf Color ◽

Camellia Japonica ◽

Leaf Phenotype ◽

Hybrid Cultivar

Camellia japonica is a plant species with great ornamental and gardening values. A novel hybrid cultivar Chunjiang Hongxia (Camellia japonica cv. Chunjiang Hongxia, CH) possesses vivid red leaves from an early growth stage to a prolonged period and is, therefore, commercially valuable. The molecular mechanism underlying this red-leaf phenotype in C. japonica cv. CH is largely unknown. Here, we investigated the leaf coloration process, photosynthetic pigments contents, and different types of anthocyanin compounds in three growth stages of the hybrid cultivar CH and its parental cultivars. The gene co-expression network and differential expression analysis from the transcriptome data indicated that the changes of leaf color were strongly correlated to the anthocyanin metabolic processes in different leaf growth stages. Genes with expression patterns associated with leaf color changes were also discussed. Together, physiological and transcriptomic analyses uncovered the regulatory network of metabolism processes involved in the modulation of the ornamentally valuable red-leaf phenotype and provided the potential candidate genes for future molecular breeding of ornamental plants such as Camellia japonica.

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Sequencing and de novo assembly of a Dahlia hybrid cultivar transcriptome

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2014.00340 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Erik M. Lehnert ◽

Virginia Walbot

Keyword(s):

De Novo Assembly ◽

De Novo ◽

Hybrid Cultivar

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The Impact of Nitrogen Fertilization and the Use of Biostimulants on the Yield of Two Maize Varieties (Zea mays L.) Cultivated for Grain

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10091408 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 1408

Author(s):

Krzysztof Kapela ◽

Anna Sikorska ◽

Marek Niewęgłowski ◽

Ewa Krasnodębska ◽

Krystyna Zarzecka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Fertilization ◽

Control Object ◽

Maize Yield ◽

Family Farm ◽

Maize Varieties ◽

Maize Grain ◽

Set Up ◽

Hybrid Cultivar ◽

The Impact

The field experiment was carried out in 2015–2017 on a family farm in Toczyski Czortki, in the Mazovia voivodeship in Poland. The experiment was set up in a split–split–plot system in three replications. The area of one plot was 30 m−2. The studied factors were: I—two maize varieties: PR38N86 (medium late hybrid cultivar 280 FAO), P8400 (medium early hybrid cultivar 240 FAO); II—four doses of nitrogen fertilization: 1. control object—without the use of nitrogen (0 kg N·ha−1), 2. nitrogen dose—80 kg N·ha−1 (applied once before sowing), 3. nitrogen dose—120 kg N·ha−1 (applied once before sowing), 4. nitrogen dose—160 kg N·ha−1 (applied once before sowing); III—four types of biostimulants used: 1. control object—without using a biostimulant, 2. Asahi®SL biostimulant: I term—four-leaf phase (BBCH 14) at a dose of 0.60 dm3∙ha−1, II term—eight-leaf phase (BBCH 18) at a dose of 0.60 dm3∙ha−1, 3. Improver® biostimulant: I term—four-leaf phase (BBCH 14) at a dose of 1.00 dm3∙ha−1, II term—eight-leaf phase (BBCH 18) at a dose of 0.60 dm3∙ha−1, 4. Zeal® biostimulant: I term—six-leaf phase (BBCH 16) at a dose of 2.00 dm3∙ha−1. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of nitrogen fertilization and the use of biostimulants on the size and quality of yield of two varieties of maize grown for grain. Based on the conducted research, it was found that nitrogen doses influenced the amount of maize grain obtained. The highest yields were obtained using 120 kg N∙ha−1. Nitrogen doses significantly affected the studied maize yield components. The dose of 120 kg N∙ha−1 increased the number of grains in the cob, while the dose—160 kg N∙ha−1 exerted the best effect on obtaining the highest values of a thousand seeds. The biostimulants used in the experiment significantly affected the mass of one thousand seeds and the number of grains in the cob. In addition, Asahi®SL, Improver® and Zeal® biostimulants increased maize yield in each growing season studied.

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Sequence analysis of the mtDNA region correlated with Shaan 2A cytoplasmic male sterility in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)

Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding ◽

10.17221/144/2012-cjgpb ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 48 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 139-142 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

L. Havlíčková ◽

V. Čurn ◽

E. Jozová ◽

V. Kučera ◽

M. Vyvadilová ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽

Male Sterility ◽

Molecular Level ◽

Brassica Napus L ◽

Cms Line ◽

Breeding Programmes ◽

Improved Cultivars ◽

Hybrid Cultivar ◽

Fertility Restorers ◽

Selection Of

Until now in Europe has not been cultivated any hybrid cultivar of oilseed rape based on the Shaan 2A cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), a widely used CMS system in China. The aim of Czech breeders now is to produce new, improved cultivars of rapeseed based on this CMS system. Sterile Shaan 2A CMS line (S; rf/rf), its corresponding maintainers (N; rf/rf) and fertility restorers (S; Rf/Rf) were analyzed on molecular level for the presence of functional CMS cytoplasm. Two new primer pairs covering CMS-associated gene (so called orf224-1) present in Shaan 2A CMS line were developed and selection capability of the developed primers was successfully evaluated. These primers can be used for early selection of plants with functional Shaan 2A CMS system in breeding programmes.

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Genome re-sequencing, SNP analysis, and genetic mapping of the parental lines of a commercial F1 hybrid cultivar of Chinese cabbage

Breeding Science ◽

10.1270/jsbbs.17124 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 375-380 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Daniel J. Shea ◽

Motoki Shimizu ◽

Etsuko Itabashi ◽

Naomi Miyaji ◽

Junji Miyazaki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Mapping ◽

Chinese Cabbage ◽

Snp Analysis ◽

Parental Lines ◽

Hybrid Cultivar

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Response of two-row and six-row barley to fertiliser N under Irish conditions

Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research ◽

10.1515/ijafr-2016-0013 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 136-144 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R. Hackett

Keyword(s):

Winter Barley ◽

N Use Efficiency ◽

Soil N ◽

N Application ◽

Growing Seasons ◽

Application Rates ◽

Different Types ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Hybrid Cultivar ◽

N Use

Abstract A range of cultivar types, including two-row and six-row types as well as line and hybrid types, are used for winter barley production in Ireland. There is little information available on the fertiliser nitrogen (N) requirements or the N use efficiency of these different types, particularly under Irish conditions. The objectives of the work presented here were to compare the response to fertiliser N of a two-row line cultivar, a six-row line cultivar and a six-row hybrid cultivar in terms of grain yield and aspects of N use efficiency. Experiments were carried out over three growing seasons, in the period 2012-2014, on a light-textured soil comparing the response of the three cultivars of winter barley to fertiliser N application rates ranging from 0 to 260 kg N/ha. There was no evidence that cultivar type, regardless of whether it was a two-row or six-row line cultivar or a six-row hybrid cultivar, influenced the response to fertiliser N of winter barley. There were some indications that six-row cultivars were less efficient at recovering soil N but used accumulated N more efficiently than the two-row cultivar. This work provided no evidence to support adjustment of fertiliser N inputs to winter barley based on cultivar type.

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A Diverse Virome of Leafroll-Infected Grapevine Unveiled by dsRNA Sequencing

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v12101142 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (10) ◽

pp. 1142

Author(s):

Mamadou L. Fall ◽

Dong Xu ◽

Pierre Lemoyne ◽

Issam E. Ben Moussa ◽

Carole Beaulieu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Interspecific Hybrid ◽

Pinot Noir ◽

Grapevine Cultivar ◽

Sequencing Method ◽

Hop Stunt Viroid ◽

Multiple Virus ◽

Leafroll Disease ◽

Different Strains ◽

Hybrid Cultivar ◽

Rupestris Stem Pitting

Quebec is the third-largest wine grape producing province in Canada, and the industry is constantly expanding. Traditionally, 90% of the grapevine cultivars grown in Quebec were winter hardy and largely dominated by interspecific hybrid Vitis sp. cultivars. Over the years, the winter protection techniques adopted by growers and climate changes have offered an opportunity to establish V. vinifera L. cultivars (e.g., Pinot noir). We characterized the virome of leafroll-infected interspecific hybrid cultivar and compared it to the virome of V. vinifera cultivar to support and facilitate the transition of the industry. A dsRNA sequencing method was used to sequence symptomatic and asymptomatic grapevine leaves of different cultivars. The results suggested a complex virome in terms of composition, abundance, richness, and phylogenetic diversity. Three viruses, grapevine Rupestris stem pitting-associated virus, grapevine leafroll-associated virus (GLRaV) 3 and 2 and hop stunt viroid (HSVd) largely dominated the virome. However, their presence and abundance varied among grapevine cultivars. The symptomless grapevine cultivar Vidal was frequently infected by multiple virus and viroid species and different strains of the same virus, including GLRaV-3 and 2. Our data show that viruses and viroids associated with the highest number of grapevines expressing symptoms included HSVd, GLRaV-3 and GLRaV-2, in gradient order. However, co-occurrence analysis revealed that the presence of GLRaV species was randomly associated with the development of virus-like symptoms. These findings and their implications for grapevine leafroll disease management are discussed.

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Can silicon (Si) fertilization influence the production and nutritional value of Urochloa Convert HD364?

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n3p1317 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 1317

Author(s):

Jaqueline Rocha Wobeto Sarto ◽

Marcela Abbado Neres ◽

Caroline Daiane Nath ◽

Doglas Bassegio ◽

Marcos Vinicius Mansano Sarto

Keyword(s):

Nutritive Value ◽

Fiber Quality ◽

Block Design ◽

Magnesium Silicate ◽

Tropical Soils ◽

Mineral Matter ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Essential Nutrient ◽

Calcium Magnesium ◽

Hybrid Cultivar

Tropical soils are highly weathered, acidic, and low in silicon (Si) availability for plants. Si has been considered an essential nutrient for many grasses. Urochloa Convert HD364 is classified as a forage plant that accumulates Si, but the accumulation of this nutrient in the leaf can influence qualitative characteristics, fiber quality, plant architecture, and development of forage. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the production and nutritive value of Urochloa hybrid cultivar Convert HD364 (CIAT 36087) grown from soils collected in the state of Paraná, Brazil. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse using 8-L plastic pots and three types of soil. Treatments were arranged in a randomized block design in a 3 × 5 factorial: three soils [Rhodic Acrudox (Ox1), Rhodic Hapludox (Ox2) and Arenic Hapludult (Ult)] and five silicate rates (0, 1, 2, 4 and 6 Mg ha-1 of calcium/magnesium silicate), with four replications. Application of CaSiO3 to the soil increases the concentration of Si in the leaves of Urochloa Convert HD364. The dry matter, crude protein and mineral matter, fiber quality, and digestibility of Urochloa were not influenced by the increase in Si levels in the leaves until 45 days after seeding. Forty-five days after planting, CaSiO3 did not interfere with the growth characteristics and production of Urochloa Convert HD364. There is no evidence that the increased Si levels in the leaf affected the production and nutritive value, especially fiber quality of Urochloa Convert HD364 until 45 days after sedding.

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Comparison of central and northern European winter rye cultivars grown at high latitudes

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859603003496 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 141 (2) ◽

pp. 169-178 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

K. HAKALA ◽

K. PAHKALA

Keyword(s):

Soluble Sugar ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Growth Chamber ◽

Winter Rye ◽

Seeding Rate ◽

Adverse Conditions ◽

Northern European ◽

Growing Conditions ◽

Hybrid Cultivar ◽

Better Than

Finnish rye (Secale cereale L.) cultivars are extremely tolerant of freezing and are fairly resistant to low-temperature fungal infection. Finnish cultivars usually have long straw, are lodging-sensitive, low yielding and have low Hagberg falling number. Many central European rye cultivars have been bred to overcome these problems, but are less winter hardy and have lower yield stability under northern conditions. In the present study, the development and growth of Finnish and foreign rye cultivars were compared in the field and also under simulated average autumn hardening conditions in a growth chamber. Leaf elongation, but not tillering, of both Finnish and foreign rye cultivars ceased during the simulated hardening period in the growth chamber. At the end of the hardening period, both Finnish and foreign cultivars had reached equal dry weights and soluble sugar contents of crowns and leaves. It was concluded that in a typical Finnish autumn, the foreign and domestic cultivars responded similarly when development and hardening were monitored. Thus, the risks related to overwintering are likely to be emphasized under adverse conditions either in the autumn or in the spring. In the field, a German hybrid cultivar performed better than a Finnish population cultivar under favourable growing conditions, but when stresses such as drought occurred, it lost its superiority. When low seeding rates were used, the Finnish cultivar compensated through tillering more efficiently than the German one for the reduced number of main shoots. However, the yield potential of the German cultivar was, in general, higher irrespective of seeding rate. This was due to a higher photosynthesis rate, larger harvest index and grain size.

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