scholarly journals Identification and Expression of Skinning Injury-responsive Genes in Sweetpotato

2013 ◽  
Vol 138 (3) ◽  
pp. 210-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jollanda Effendy ◽  
Don R. La Bonte ◽  
Niranjan Baisakh
Keyword(s):  
Functional Annotation ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Transcript Abundance ◽  
Breeding Strategies ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Postharvest Loss

Skinning injury in sweetpotatoes (Ipomoea batatas) is responsible for significant postharvest loss resulting from storage diseases and weight loss. Unfortunately, there is no report on the genes involved in wound healing of sweetpotato and a better understanding will facilitate improved breeding strategies. An annealing control primer (ACP) system was used to identify genes expressed after skinning injury of sweetpotato cultivar LA 07-146 storage roots. Using 20 ACPs, 63 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Functional annotation of the DEGs revealed that genes previously shown to respond to dehydration, those involved in wounding response, and the lignin and suberin biosynthesis pathways were induced in response to skinning. Expression analysis of 18 DEGs through quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (PCR) showed that DEGs involved in lignin and suberin pathways were up-regulated after 8 and 12 hours of skinning. Other genes showed up- or down-regulation in their transcript abundance depending on the time the storage root was sampled after intentional skinning. The genes up-regulated in response to skinning may be useful to identify expression markers for screening sweetpotato lines tolerant to skinning injury in breeding programs.

scholarly journals Physiological and Anatomical Characterization of a Late-storage Root-forming Mutant of Sweetpotato

2002 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Nakatani ◽  
Masaru Tanaka ◽  
Masaru Yoshinaga
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Zeatin Riboside ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms ◽  
Maximum Root

A late-storage root-forming mutant (`KM95-A68') of sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Poir.] was characterized to clarify the genetic and physiological mechanisms of storage root formation. This mutant originated from a somaclonal mutation of `Kokei No. 14'. Storage roots of `KM95-A68' are rare and, when formed, develop 2 or 3 weeks later than those of `Kokei No. 14' from which it originated. Morphological characteristics of the canopy and leaf photosynthetic rates of `KM95-A68' were similar to those of `Kokei No. 14'. No apparent differences were observed in the anatomy of root cross sections of `KM95-A68' and `Kokei No. 14'. An apparent increase in the root zeatin riboside (ZR) levels were observed in `Kokei No. 14' at storage root formation. Root ZR levels differed between `Kokei No. 14' and `KM95-A68'. The onset of increase in root ZR levels was delayed by 2 or 3 weeks in `KM95-A68' in comparison to `Kokei No. 14'. Maximum root ZR levels in `Kokei No. 14' were 2.2 times higher in comparison to `KM95-A68'. This appeared to be a factor in delayed storage root formation of `KM95-A68'. Results of reciprocal grafts of `KM95-A68' and `Kokei No. 14' indicated that the late storage root-forming characteristic of `KM95-A68' is a characteristic that arises from the root itself.

scholarly journals Sweetpotato Transplant Holding Duration Effects on Plant Survival and Yield

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 818-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
William B. Thompson ◽  
Jonathan R. Schultheis ◽  
Sushila Chaudhari ◽  
David W. Monks ◽  
Katherine M. Jennings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Root Numbers ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Plant Stand ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Lower Plant

Studies were conducted in North Carolina to determine the effect of holding durations (HDs) [0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 days before planting (DBP)] of ‘Covington’ sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) transplants on plant stand and storage root numbers and yield in production fields. In a second field study, the effect of preplant irrigation (PI) treatments (PI and nonirrigation) were evaluated along with the transplant HD on plant stand, storage root numbers, and yield. Transplants held for 7 DBP did not survive as well as the other treatments (lower plant stands) and had lower no. 1, marketable, and total storage root numbers and yields than other holding treatments. HD of 1 or 3 DBP resulted in higher plant stands, and no. 1, marketable, and total numbers of storage roots and yields than holding for 0, 5, or 7 DBP. This study affirms the importance of soil moisture at and shortly after planting for transplant survival and yield. Holding transplants for 1–3 DBP can improve stand establishment and yields when dry conditions occur either before or soon after planting. However, holding transplants for 7 DBP can result in reduced plant stands and yields when stress/dry conditions occur soon after planting.

scholarly journals Sweetpotato Tip Rot Incidence Is Increased by Preharvest Applications of Ethephon and Reduced by Curing

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramón A. Arancibia ◽  
Jeffrey L. Main ◽  
Christopher A. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Induced Stress ◽  
Potential Association ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
On Farm

Tip rot, or restricted end rot, is a new sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) disease/disorder in Mississippi with unknown etiology. Since pathogen isolations have been inconsistent, a relationship of this disorder with stress is proposed. This disease/disorder is manifested as a restricted lesion at or close to the proximal end of the storage root and appears after 2 to 4 weeks in storage. In many cases, the lesion necrosis expands internally. On-farm and research station studies with preharvest foliar applications of ethephon were conducted in Mississippi to determine the potential association of tip rot with ethephon-induced stress. In addition, the effects of ethephon rate and interval between application and harvest on tip rot were investigated. After 1 to 2 months in storage, tip rot incidence was observed mostly in storage roots from ethephon-treated plants. The increase in tip rot incidence was well correlated with ethephon rate. These results suggest that preharvest applications of ethephon trigger a response that results in the tip rot disorder.

scholarly journals Occurrence, Severity and Initiation of Internal Necrosis in ‘Covington’ Sweetpotato

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Jiang ◽  
Penelope Perkins-Veazie ◽  
Sylvia M. Blankenship ◽  
Michael D. Boyette ◽  
Zvezdana Pesic-VanEsbroeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
The State ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Harvest Aid ◽  
Internal Necrosis ◽  
Storage Facilities

A series of studies were conducted to better understand the occurrence and causes of internal necrosis (IN) in ‘Covington’ sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas). Assessment of the problem among the industry was done for 2 years and revealed that IN was widespread in commercial storage facilities throughout the state of North Carolina; both incidence and severity were generally low (<10% incidence with minimal severity of symptoms). A few storage rooms had a high percentage of IN with severe storage root symptoms but results were inconsistent across years and among rooms. Preharvest studies with commercially used insecticides did not induce IN, but the harvest aid ethephon consistently induced IN with an incidence higher than 50%. Internal necrosis symptoms were not detectable at harvest, and earliest consistent incidence was observed 6 days after harvest (DAH) during the curing phase. Symptoms became more prevalent and severe at 30 DAH. However, in commercial storage rooms, no relationship was found between IN incidence and postcuring storage temperature or relative humidity (RH) conditions. Sweetpotato storage roots stored in air-tight barrels and exposed to 100 ppm ethylene after curing showed no relationship between the presence of ethylene gas in storage and incidence of IN. Our results indicate that IN incidence of ‘Covington’ is erratic with no obvious cause among storage rooms and that initiation of IN may occur most frequently during the first week following harvest.

scholarly journals Studi Variasi Ubi Jalar (Ipomoea Batatas L) Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi di Kabupaten Ngawi

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karlina Purbasari ◽  
Angga Rahabistara Sumadji
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Skin Colour ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Flesh Colour ◽  
Environment Factors ◽  
Morphological Distinction

<p class="E-JOURNALAbstractBodyEnglish"><span>Sweet potatoes were potential plants in food diversification for rice substitution</span><span lang="IN">.</span><span> The plants could be found in some areas in Indonesia, such as in Ngawi Regency. The research aimed to find out the variation and morphological distinction in sweet potatoes in Ngawi Regency. The samples were taken randomly in Kedunggalar, Jogorogo, and Bringin Subdistrict. The sweet potatoes were tested with ANAVA and DMRT, Kruskal-Wallis and U-Mann Whitney with significant degree was 5%. There were variation in morphological leaves, storage root, and stems from the eight samples taken. Statistical analysis showed there were vivid distinction in the shape of the leaves, the lobes type, the central lobes, the petiole pigmentation, the colour of stems, the immature leaves colour, the storage roots shape, the dominant skin colour, the dominant flesh colour, and distribution of secondary flesh colour of anthosianine pigment. The variation among sweet potatoes were affected by genetic/ variety distinction and environment factors. </span></p>

scholarly journals Cultivar decline in sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas)

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 160-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.L. Lewthwaite ◽  
P.J. Fletcher ◽  
J.D. Fletcher ◽  
C.M. Triggs
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Spontaneous Mutations ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Field Exposure ◽  
Growing Seasons

The sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) crop is propagated vegetatively by field transplanting adventitious sprouts produced on storage roots retained from the previous seasons harvest This system promotes the persistence and accumulation of both viruses and spontaneous mutations A phenomenon known as cultivar decline has been reported internationally where the root yield and appearance of commercially grown sweetpotato cultivars appear to deteriorate over successive growing seasons The relative contributions of virus infection and plant mutation to cultivar decline are uncertain but both issues are addressed through the use of virustested tissue cultured propagation systems This study assessed the degree of decline for cultivars Owairaka Red and Beauregard within the New Zealand biophysical production environment Storage root yield decreased significantly with increasing field exposure for both cultivars (P

scholarly journals Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Storage Root Reveals Regulatory Mechanisms of Lignin Biosynthesis During Root Development in Two Sweetpotato Cultivars

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuyun Hou ◽  
Zhen Qin ◽  
Taifeng Du ◽  
Yuanyuan Zhou ◽  
Aixian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Development ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Signal Transduction Pathway ◽  
Lignin Biosynthesis ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Homologous Genes ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Storage Root Development

Abstract BackgroundSweetpotato(Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) is one of the most important crops with high storage roots yield. Lignin affects the storage root formation. However, the molecular mechanisms of lignin biosynthesis in storage roots development have been lacking.ResultsTo reveal the molecular mechanism of lignin biosynthesis and identify new homologous genes in lignin biosynthesis during storage root development, the storage root (SR) at three different stages (D1, D2 and D3) in the two cultivars (Jishu25 and Jishu29) was investigated with full-length and second-generation transcriptome. A total of 52,137 transcripts and 21,148 unigenes were obtained after corrected with Hiseq2500 sequencing. Through the comparative analysis, 9577 unigenes were found to be differently expressed in the different stage in two cultivars. Among of them, 91 unigenes enriched in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and 201 unigenes in hormone signal transduction pathway with KEGG analysis. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis of differentially expressed unigenes showed that lignin biosynthesis genes might be co-expressed with transcription factors such as AP2/ERF and MYB at the transcription level, and regulated by phytohormones auxin and GA3.ConclusionsTaken together, our findings will throw light on molecular regulatory mechanism of lignin biosynthesis involved in storage root development.

scholarly journals Effect of cutting position and vine pruning level on yield of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea Batatas L.)

1970 ◽  
pp. 01-05
Author(s):  
Ncube Netsai ◽  
Mutetwa Moses, Mtaita Tuarira
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Root Diameter ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Significant Difference

There is significant variation in yield of storage roots and vines of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) among farmers due to use of different cutting positions and pruning of vines at different levels. This study was carried out to establish the cutting position and the vine pruning level that give the best yield of both the storage roots and vines. The study was conducted in a 3x3 factorial arrangement in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Treatments included cutting position at three levels (apical cutting, middle cutting and basal cutting) and pruning at three levels, 0%, 25% and 50% respectively. Pruning was done. 50 days after planting. And storage root harvesting was done 100 days after planting. The two measurements were summed up to give the total vine weight. Storage root length, diameter and weight were measured at 100 DAP. Storage root length indicated significant difference (P<0.05) only among cutting positions with highest mean length (16.20 cm) obtained from apical cutting and the lowest (11.98 cm) from basal cutting. Storage root diameter, storage root weight and vine weight indicated significant interaction (P<0.05) of cutting position and vine pruning level. Highest mean root diameter and root weight were obtained from middle cutting and 25% vine pruning level, with the lowest being obtained from basal cutting and 50% vine pruning level. Highest vine weight was recorded from middle cutting and 50% vine pruning level, with the lowest being recorded from basal cutting and 0% vine pruning level. Both middle and apical stem cuttings can be recommended for higher storage root and vine yield. Vine pruning at 25% can be adopted for higher storage root yield while pruning at 50% can be suggested for higher vine yield.

scholarly journals Development of SSR Databases Available for Both NGS and Capillary Electrophoresis in Apple, Pear and Tea

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2796
Author(s):  
Sogo Nishio ◽  
Miyuki Kunihisa ◽  
Fumiya Taniguchi ◽  
Hiromi Kajiya-Kanegae ◽  
Shigeki Moriya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Capillary Electrophoresis ◽  
Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Computational Pipeline ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
A Value ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Generation Sequencing ◽  
Simple Sequence

Developing new varieties in fruit and tea breeding programs is very costly and labor-intensive. Thus, establishing a variety discrimination system is important for protecting breeders’ rights and producers’ profits. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) databases that can be utilized for both next-generation sequencing (SSR-GBS) and polymerase chain reaction–capillary electrophoresis (PCR-CE) would be very useful in variety discrimination. In the present study, SSRs with tri-, tetra- and pentanucleotide repeats were examined in apple, pear and tea. Out of 37 SSRs that showed clear results in PCR-CE, 27 were suitable for SSR-GBS. Among the remaining markers, there was allele dropout for some markers that caused differences between the results of PCR-CE and SSR-GBS. For the selected 27 markers, the alleles detected by SSR-GBS were comparable to those detected by PCR-CE. Furthermore, we developed a computational pipeline for automated genotyping using SSR-GBS by setting a value “α” for each marker, a criterion whether a genotype is homozygous or heterozygous based on allele frequency. The set of 27 markers contains 10, 8 and 9 SSRs for apple, pear and tea, respectively, that are useful for both PCR-CE and SSR-GBS and suitable for automation. The databases help researchers discriminate varieties in various ways depending on sample size, markers and methods.

scholarly journals Genetic polymorphism of fifteen microsatellite loci in Brazilian (blue-egg Caipira) chickens

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graziela Vieira Fonteque ◽  
Jaqueline Battilana ◽  
Ediane Paludo ◽  
Carlos André da Veiga Lima-Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Polymorphism ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Marker Locus ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The City

The purpose of this study was to investigate the genetic polymorphism of fifteen microsatellites loci in Brazilian (blue-egg Caipira) chickens. Samples were collected from 100 blue eggs of Caipira chickens from rural properties in the city of Dois Lajeados, RS. After DNA extraction, the fragments related to molecular markers LEI0248, LEI0221, LEI0214, LEI0192, LEI0217, LEI0254, LEI0194, LEI0212, MCW0371, ADL0278, LEI0234, MCW0183, MCW0216, MCW0330 and MCW0081 were obtained by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The statistical analysis were carried out with the softwares ARLEQUIN 3.5 version and CERVUS 3.0.3 version. The allelic and genotypic frequencies, deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, estimates of observed (HO) and expected (HE) heterozygosity and polymorphic information content (PIC) were obtained for each marker locus. A total of 186 alleles from 15 loci were obtained, with sizes ranging of 83 to 490 base pairs. The medium number of alleles was 12.4, the HE was 0.76±0.14 and HO was 0.49±0.21 and PIC was 0.706. The first conclusion is that the microsatellites used are polymorphic and can be used to genetic studies in chickens. The second is that the "Caipira" chicken (blue eggs) population investigated has a great genic variability, which makes than an important source of genetic resources for future animal breeding programs.

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