THE COOPERATIVE MOVEMENT IN AFRICAN COUNTRIES: GENESIS, CURRENT STATE, PROSPECTS

2016 ◽  
pp. 201-213
Author(s):  
E.I. Chernikova ◽  
◽  
А.А. Trunov ◽  
Papa Mory Gey ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African Countries ◽  
Cooperative Movement ◽  
Current State

Creative Reconstruction: A Systematic Approach to Reinventing Large Cities in Democratic Republic of Congo

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1485-1497
Author(s):  
Mia Nsokimieno Misilu Eric
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Capital City ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Republic Of Congo ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Current State ◽  
Legacy Cities

The current state of large cities in Democratic Republic of Congo highlights the necessity of reinventing cities. More than fifty years after the independence, these major cities, like Kinshasa the capital city, are in a state of are in a state of disrepair. They are damaged, dysfunctional, and more vulnerable. Today, these legacy cities do not meet the international requirements of livable cities. Democratic Republic of Congo faces the challenge of rebuilding its cities for sustainability. The movement for independence of African countries enabled the shift from colonial cities to legacy cities. It is important to understand the cultural and ideological foundations of colonial city. Commonly, colonial cities served as purpose-built settlements for the extraction and transport of mineral resources toward Europe. What's required is a creative reconstruction to achieve a desired successful urban change. Creative reconstruction tends to ensure urban transformation in relation with urbanization, by making continuous and healthy communities. Creative reconstruction seems appropriate way of building back cities in harmony with cultural values. The article provides a framework for urban regeneration. The study is based on principle of thinking globally and acting locally in building back better cities.

scholarly journals The work of Boris Martos “Theory of Cooperation” and the modern coopera-tive movement

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (94) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
M. Shulskyi
Keyword(s):  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Cooperative Movement ◽  
Current State ◽  
Accurate Definition ◽  
Economic Work ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Basic Features

The article examines the main components of the work of Boris Martos “Theory of Cooperation” and compares the results of research with the current state of development of the cooperative movement. The main attention was focused on the main material of the study on: the general foundations of the formation of cooperatives, the need, purpose and role of capital in their activities; basic features and principles of functioning of cooperatives; mechanism for meeting the needs of members of the cooperative; some secondary or derivative features of the cooperative. According to B. Martos, “Cooperation is one of the ways to improve the welfare of the lower strata of society by freeing them from exploitation by the capitalists. Almost every theorist of cooperation gives his more or less accurate definition of this concept. However, in order to give an accurate scientific definition of this phenomenon in society, we must first establish the basic features that characterize the cooperative, distinguishing it from other social phenomena. This spatial quote from the work of B. Martos permeates all components of his economic work, the essence and content of which was at the center of our research. Each statement and statement of B. Martos was compared with the current realities of the cooperative movement and on the basis of which it was proposed to use the work of a scientist to improve the efficiency of cooperative relations in modern economic conditions.

scholarly journals Mobile learning policy and practice in Africa: Towards inclusive and equitable access to higher education

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogers Kaliisa ◽  
Picard Michelle
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Mobile Learning ◽  
Access To Higher Education ◽  
Equitable Access ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Institutional Barriers ◽  
Potential Barriers ◽  
Current State ◽  
African Higher Education

This article presents the results of a review of practice and policy in relation to mobile learning and its potential to enhance inclusive and equitable access to higher education in Africa. We reviewed academic literature on potential barriers. Then, we explored the current state of the mobile learning policy environment in 10 African countries through an analysis of how these policies have tried to address the prominent challenges in the adoption of mobile learning as identified in the literature. The findings reveal that significant resourcing inequalities and epistemological, sociocultural, and institutional barriers remain and affect mobile learning adoption. The analysis also reveals that there is still a policy vacuum in relation to mobile learning specific policies within African higher education institutional and governmental policies. Thus, the formal integration of mobile learning in higher education to facilitate equitable access is very much in its infancy. This article suggests a strong need for institutional, cross-institutional, national and African-wide mobile learning specific policies to ensure better implementation of mobile learning. As interest in mobile learning continues to grow, this review will provide insights into policy and strategic planning for the adoption of mobile learning to achieve inclusive and equitable access to higher education.

scholarly journals Bioeconomy for Sustainable Development in Africa – State of Production Determinants and Future Directions

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Oluwaseun James Oguntuase
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Classical Theory ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Sustainable Livelihoods ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Current State

SummarySubject and purpose of work: This paper presents bioeconomy as a solution to sustainable development challenges in Africa. It identifies the current state of bioeconomy and its production determinants in African countries and regions, and the potential that bioeconomy has in these jurisdictions. This paper also highlights possible policy inputs for a sustainable bioeconomy on the continent.Materials and methods: In addition to a systematic literature review, statistical databases and published indices, the paper also builds on the classical theory of productive forces to achieve its objectives.Results: The bioeconomy potentials of African countries are poor when compared with those of countries with dedicated bioeconomy policies or strategies. Most of the bioeconomy related activities in Africa were centred on biofuel production as a substitute to fossil fuels.Conclusions: African countries must formulate cohesive bioeconomy policies, make necessary targeted investments in research and innovation, and improve general governance to take advantage of opportunities in emerging sectors of bioeconomy to ensure sustainable livelihoods on the continent.

scholarly journals A New Epoch in the Development of Russian-African Cooperation

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 113-122
Author(s):  
S. Volkov
Keyword(s):  
African Countries ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Technology Sector ◽  
Peacekeeping Operations ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
Current State ◽  
Support Measures ◽  
Un Peacekeeping ◽  
Economic Ties

The article contains an analysis of the current state of trade and economic relations between Russia and African countries, as well as the prospects for their development after the first Russia-Africa Summit and the Economic Forum in Sochi in October 2019. The author notes a large surplus in Russia’s trade with Africa and explains the reasons for the dominance of the countries of North Africa, and especially Egypt, in its geographical structure. The main product groups are listed, through which Russia can increase exports to Africa; Russia’s main competitors in trade with the continent as well as state support measures for exporters are described. However, the main contribution to the development of Russian-African economic ties in the future will be made not by foreign trade, but by economic cooperation. Its flagships are now three major projects worth more than $1 billion each, all of which are carried out in Egypt. Among Russian companies investing in the economies of African countries, mining ones are currently dominant. Of these, Rosneft made the biggest investments. This company develops the largest gas field in Egypt – Zohr, and implements projects also in Mozambique. Exploration, finance and the IT technology sector are also of particular interest to Russian companies in Africa. The author indicates the most promising areas for the development of Russian- African industrial cooperation and the transfer of Russian technologies to this continent. In addition, in recent years, Russia and African countries have increasingly regarded security as an important area of bilateral relations. The article reveals the main threats to the security of African countries, the ability of Russian companies to strengthen it and Russia’s contribution to UN peacekeeping operations in Africa, in comparison with contributions of the other permanent members of the Security Council. It describes a number of measures that can contribute to the development of Russian-African partnership in the context of the Sochi consensus.

Status and prospects of development of grain exports from Ukraine to African countries

Ekonomika APK ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 317 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-43
Author(s):  
Svitlana Cheremisina
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
African Continent ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Structural Dynamic ◽  
Current State ◽  
Analytical Work ◽  
Territorial Structure

The purpose of the article is to analyze the dynamics of volumes, commodity and territorial structure, trends in grain exports to African countries and develop short-term forecasts of exports of products that are most in demand, namely wheat, barley and corn. Research methods. In the process of research a number of methods were used: abstract-logical - to formulate conclusions; comparative analysis - to compare indicators and identify trends in their change; tabular - for a visual representation of the results of the study; statistical - in determining the variation in the volume of exports of wheat, barley and corn to African countries; settlement and constructive - to determine the role of Ukrainian grain exports in total imports of African countries; monographic - in assessing the current state and justifying the directions of development of grain exports to the African continent; methods of trend extrapolation - for the development of forecasts of exports from Ukraine to African countries of wheat, barley, corn; graphic - to illustrate the obtained forecast export trends. Research results. A study of the dynamics of volumes and structural changes in the export of agro-food products from Ukraine was carried out, an increase in the share of commodity groups of food products by 14.2% in total exports was established, and structural dynamic shifts by types of food products were analyzed. It is proved that for the period from 1996 to 2020 the total export from Ukraine to Africa increased 23 times, import flows of goods increased 6 times, and the ratio of import coverage to exports increased to 6. A comprehensive analysis of the structure of wheat, barley and corn exports to countries of Africa. The top 10 largest partner countries of Ukraine in the structure of exports / imports of goods on the African continent have been identified. Forecasts of natural and value volumes of wheat, barley and corn exports from Ukraine to the African continent have been developed. Scientific novelty. Methodological and practical aspects of research and development of prospects for increasing the grain crops export to new markets - the countries of the African continent - have been further developed. Practical significance. These approaches and the results of the study can be used by public and sectoral authorities in organizing analytical work and developing measures to enhance the export orientation of domestic grain market products to Africa. Tabl.: 4. Figs.: 3. Refs.: 18.

scholarly journals The Pediatric Autopsy in Africa

2013 ◽  
Vol 137 (6) ◽  
pp. 756-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Otto Christian Kaschula
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Specific Training ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Pediatric Pathology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
Public Expectations ◽  
Resource Poor ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
General Training

Context.—Within the continent of Africa few countries have been able to practice pathology at the levels present in Europe and the Americas, and pediatric pathology does not exist as a stand-alone specialty. The author was invited by a colleague from Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, to join a group of North American pathologists in presenting a course on the Contribution of Anatomic Pathology for advancing the health of women and children in Africa. The course was held in Ethiopia in June 2011, to review the current state of pediatric pathology in Africa and to provide resources/teaching for improving pediatric pathology services in low-resource settings. Objective.—To provide a succinct description of applicable autopsy techniques and the interpretation of gross, microscopic, and ancillary findings with respect to Africa's need to enhance the health of women and children. The author makes suggestions for obviating possible problems in anticipation of increased demands by national authorities and of public expectations of pathologists who usually have had only general training. Data Sources.—This article is based upon the author's personal experience of practicing pathology in Africa for the past 51 years, which has included visiting pathology laboratories in 9 African countries and interacting with colleagues in 18 additional African countries. The contents of this article are derived from personal observations, recent publications, and information gleaned from Internet sources. Conclusions.—Even without specific training in pediatric pathology, it is possible for pediatric autopsies to be undertaken in Africa and other resource-poor settings, in a manner that facilitates sound decision making for improving the health of women and children.

scholarly journals External debt sustainability in West African countries

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglason Omotor
Keyword(s):  
Sovereign Debt ◽  
External Debt ◽  
West African ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Debt Sustainability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Current State ◽  
External Borrowing ◽  
Solvency Ratio ◽  
Sustainability Framework

Purpose This paper aims to apply the debt sustainability framework using various ratios to review the current state of sovereign debt of Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) member countries. Design/methodology/approach Debt sustainability framework using various ratios (which include the present value approach, Country Policy and Institutional Assessment debt policy assessment ranking and solvency ratio of external debt) for the period 2010 and 2017 were used for the analysis to determine external debt sustainability and solvency of ECOWAS members. Findings The findings indicate that most ECOWAS countries are already turning at the unsustainable debt path and may renege in their debt obligations, thus creating a vicious cycle of external borrowing that could lead to capital flight. Originality/value This paper offers the empirical evidence to identify which of the ECOWAS countries are already at the threshold of external debt stress, and in the likelihood to renege on their debt obligations.

scholarly journals Az önszerveződő csoportok szerepe az ugandai pénzügyi rendszerben

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3-4.) ◽  
pp. 5-27
Author(s):  
László Vasa ◽  
Imre Vida
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Cooperative Movement ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Self Help Groups ◽  
Voluntary Cooperation

Groups organized on the basis of voluntary cooperation play a significant role in the financial systems of sub-Saharan African countries. Following the success of the cooperative movement and the Grameen model, self-organized microfinance organizations have spread across the continent. In our study, we examine the role of self-organizing groups through the Ugandan example. According to a survey by the Central Bank of Uganda, there were about 1,000 active savings and credit unions and more than 70,000 financial self-help groups in the country in 2018. Although savings and credit cooperative organizations are sometimes influenced by the politics, they still play a significant role in poverty reduction.

scholarly journals The Current State of Parkinsonism in West Africa: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Jude T. Quarshie ◽  
Esther N. Mensah ◽  
Osbourne Quaye ◽  
Anastasia R. Aikins
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
West African ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Current State ◽  
Age Related ◽  
African Patients

Parkinsonism is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases among the elderly. Africa is experiencing an increasing burden of age-related conditions including parkinsonism. However, there is not enough data on the prevalence, symptoms, and management of the disorder in West African patients. This systematic review examines the current state of parkinsonism in West Africa by discussing its epidemiology, symptomatology, and treatment. We searched PubMed, BioMed Central, and AJOL databases from January 2000 to December 2020 for studies on parkinsonism conducted in West African countries. We included 32 studies in this review: 23 from Nigeria, 5 from Ghana, and 1 each from Benin, Mali, Niger, and Senegal. Out of the 32 reviewed studies, 11 focused on the prevalence of parkinsonism, 4 examined the genetics of Parkinson’s disease (PD), and 17 described the symptomatology and therapy of parkinsonism. The prevalence of parkinsonism in West Africa ranges from 6.0% to 8.3% of neurologic admissions/consultations. The estimated crude prevalence of PD in West Africa varies from 15 to 572 per 100,000 people. Thus far, no pathogenic genetic variants have been associated with PD in the region. Levodopa is frequently used singly or in combination with other medications to manage parkinsonian symptoms, which is consistent with reports from other African regions. Most of the reviewed studies focused only on PD, limiting assessment of other forms of parkinsonism. Almost all the prevalence studies were hospital-based and monocentric, making it impossible to accurately estimate the true prevalence of parkinsonism in West Africa. Larger community-based prevalence studies are recommended to enable accurate quantification of disease burden. Future genetic investigations should consider a wider array of gene mutations associated with parkinsonism. Moreover, public health surveillance strategies should be established to monitor the epidemiology of the disorder.

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