Fecal Markers Streptococcus Anginosus and Streptococcus Constellatus for Non-Invasive Screening and Early Warning of Gastric Cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Bei Zhou ◽  
Si-Yuan Pan ◽  
Jin-Hui Xue ◽  
Yuan-Hong Xie ◽  
Jia-Wen Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Streptococcus Anginosus ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Streptococcus Constellatus ◽  
Fecal Markers

#39: Streptococcus anginosus Group Infections in Children: A Retrospective Cohort Study, 2015–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S6-S6
Author(s):  
O Amin ◽  
O Smith ◽  
F Berkowitz ◽  
T Lyon ◽  
C Kao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Streptococcus Anginosus ◽  
Streptococcus Constellatus ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Polymicrobial Infections

Abstract Background Infections attributed to the Streptococcus anginosus group (SAG), which includes Streptococcus anginosus, Streptococcus constellatus, and Streptococcus intermedius, have varying clinical presentations. SAG infections are difficult to identify initially, and members of the group may require different management strategies. Methods A retrospective review of SAG-positive cultures from January 2015, to September 2019, was conducted to describe the demographic, clinical, and laboratory features including the site of infection, antibiotic susceptibility, management, and clinical outcome. Results We identified 561 patients [median age 11.3, interquartile range (IQR) 7.1–14.9 years, male:female ratio 3:2, non-Hispanic–non-Latino 454 (81%), White 279 (49%)]. Thirty-nine (7%) had at least one underlying condition. Of these, inflammatory bowel disease 15 (39%), diabetes 7 (18%), immunodeficiency 5 (13%). SAG was found in exudate, fluid, or aspirate (537/561, 96%), blood (11/561, 2%), and tissue (11/561, 2%) samples; 388 (69%) were polymicrobial infections. The most common site of infection was intra-abdominal (175, 31%), followed by neck/odontogenic (114. 20%) and genitourinary tract (66, 12%). The median length of stay was 6 days (IQR 3–10 days) and was statistically significantly longer for patients with blood, central nervous system, and pulmonary infections compared with soft tissue and upper respiratory tract infections (P < 0.001). Beta-lactams were the most commonly used antibiotics (38%), followed by clindamycin (30 %) (see Figure for antibiotic susceptibility results) and 33 (56%) patients received combination therapy. We did not observe any SAG attributed to mortality. Conclusions In our retrospective cohort, SAG infections were more commonly identified in males, were associated with abscess formation, and presented as polymicrobial infections. Children with underlying comorbidities are more likely to present with systemic SAG infections. SAG-associated infections can be variable in presentation site and severity and should be considered as pathogens when managing patients.

scholarly journals The Reprimo-Like Gene Is an Epigenetic-Mediated Tumor Suppressor and a Candidate Biomarker for the Non-Invasive Detection of Gastric Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 9472
Author(s):  
María Alarcón ◽  
Wilda Olivares ◽  
Miguel Córdova-Delgado ◽  
Matías Muñoz-Medel ◽  
Tomas de Mayo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Soft Agar ◽  
Poor Overall Survival ◽  
Clinicopathologic Characteristics ◽  
Non Invasive

Reprimo-like (RPRML) is an uncharacterized member of the Reprimo gene family. Here, we evaluated the role of RPRML and whether its regulation by DNA methylation is a potential non-invasive biomarker of gastric cancer. RPRML expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 90 patients with gastric cancer and associated with clinicopathologic characteristics and outcomes. The role of RPRML in cancer biology was investigated in vitro, through RPRML ectopic overexpression. Functional experiments included colony formation, soft agar, MTS, and Ki67 immunofluorescence assays. DNA methylation-mediated silencing was evaluated by the 5-azacytidine assay and direct bisulfite sequencing. Non-invasive detection of circulating methylated RPRML DNA was assessed in 25 gastric cancer cases and 25 age- and sex-balanced cancer-free controls by the MethyLight assay. Downregulation of RPRML protein expression was associated with poor overall survival in advanced gastric cancer. RPRML overexpression significantly inhibited clonogenic capacity, anchorage-independent growth, and proliferation in vitro. Circulating methylated RPRML DNA distinguished patients with gastric cancer from controls with an area under the curve of 0.726. The in vitro overexpression results and the poor patient survival associated with lower RPRML levels suggest that RPRML plays a tumor-suppressive role in the stomach. Circulating methylated RPRML DNA may serve as a biomarker for the non-invasive detection of gastric cancer.

scholarly journals Circulating exosomal small RNAs are promising non‐invasive diagnostic biomarkers for gastric cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (24) ◽  
pp. 14502-14513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lichen Ge ◽  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Dandan Li ◽  
Yingmin Wu ◽  
Hongsheng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Small Rnas ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Non Invasive

1460 POSTER A Novel Lectin Array-based Technology for Non Invasive Cancer Diagnosis via Serum Samples – a Proof of Concept in Gastric Cancer

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. S187
Author(s):  
M. Danielv ◽  
Y. Reshef ◽  
Y. Namdar ◽  
B. Gorelik ◽  
I. Lieder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Invasive Cancer ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Lectin Array

DNR METILINIMO POKYČIAI PERIFERINIO KRAUJO LEUKOCITUOSE PACIENTAMS, SERGANTIEMS SKRANDŽIO VĖŽIU

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-70
Author(s):  
Albertas Daukša ◽  
Antanas Gulbinas ◽  
Aurelija Kazlauskaitė ◽  
Johannes Oldenburg ◽  
Osman El-Maarri
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Tumor Suppressor Genes ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Peripheral Blood Leukocyte ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Blood Leukocyte ◽  
Gastric Cancer Patients

Gastric cancers are usually diagnosed at an advanced stage in the progression of the disease, thus reducing the survival chances of the patients. Non-invasive early detection would greatly enhance therapy and survival rates. For this aim, we investigated tumor suppressor genes CDKN2A/p16, RARBeta, TNFRSF10C, APC, ACIN1, DAPK1, 3OST2, BCL2 and CD44 for methylation changes in peripheral blood leukocytes of gastric cancer patients. This study shows that methylation changes in peripheral blood leukocyte DNA could provide a promising method for the early detection of gastric cancer. However, larger studies are essential to explore the clinical usefulness of a peripheral blood leukocyte DNA methylation based tests for non-invasive early detection of gastric cancer.

Screening and Triage Test for Early Detection of Gastric Cancer (STEAD-GC): A noninvasive trial for early detection of gastric cancer.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (30_suppl) ◽  
pp. 17-17
Author(s):  
Alejandro Corvalan ◽  
Maria Jose Maturana ◽  
Marianela Sanchez ◽  
Alfonso Calvo ◽  
Catterina Ferreccio
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Dna Extraction ◽  
Mass Screening ◽  
Chronic Gastritis ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Bisulfite Conversion ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Tumor Tissues ◽  
Triage Test

17 Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Previously, we identified a potential biomarker for non-invasive detection of GC, the DNA methylation of the promoter region of Reprimo, a p53-dependent G2 arrest mediator candidate (Clin Cancer Res 2008;14:6264-9). Furthermore, we developed a quantitative assay (MethyLight) for a mass screening of GC (DDW2011-1029128). Here we reported the preliminary findings of our ongoing prospective trial STEAD-GC (Screening and Triage test for Early Detection of Gastric Cancer) which is being conducted in Chile, a country with a high mortality rate for GC. Methods: Twenty GC cases (tumor, non-tumor tissues and plasma samples) and 41 symptomatic chronic gastritis cases (29 tissues and 12 pairs of tissue and plasma samples) were evaluated for Reprimo levels by MethyLight after DNA extraction and bisulfite conversion. Results: Concentrations of DNA were similar in both groups (Avg 32.2 ng/ml [range: 8.9-70.8 ng/ml]). The average DNA levels of Reprimo were higher in GC [964,215 copies/ml, 539,593 copies/ml and 80,113 copies/ml in tumor, non-tumor and plasma, respectively] but lower in symptomatic chronic gastritis [137,721 copies/ml and 8,387 copies/ml, tissue and plasma, respectively]. Methods: Twenty GC cases (tumor, non-tumor tissues, and plasma samples) and 41 symptomatic chronic gastritis cases (29 tissues and 12 pairs of tissue and plasma samples) were evaluated for Reprimo levels by MethyLight after DNA extraction and bisulfite conversion. Conclusions: By using our previous cut-off of 15,125 copies/ml, our method correctly identified 10 out of 12 gastritis cases and 16 out of 20 GC cases (p value <0.001). Our data confirms our non-invasive method for early detection of GC may be suitable for a mass screening of GC.

scholarly journals Aberrant methylation ofPCDH10andRASSF1Agenes in blood samples for non-invasive diagnosis and prognostic assessment of gastric cancer

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charinya Pimson ◽  
Tipaya Ekalaksananan ◽  
Chamsai Pientong ◽  
Supannee Promthet ◽  
Nuntiput Putthanachote ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Median Survival ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Aberrant Methylation ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Cumulative Survival ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Severe Stage

Background.Assessment of DNA methylation of specific genes is one approach to the diagnosis of cancer worldwide. Early stage detection is necessary to reduce the mortality rate of cancers, including those occurring in the stomach. For this purpose, tumor cells in circulating blood offer promising candidates for non-invasive diagnosis. Transcriptional inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, likePCDH10andRASSF1A, by methylation is associated with progression of gastric cancer, and such methylation can therefore be utilized as a biomarker.Methods.The present research was conducted to evaluate DNA methylation in these two genes using blood samples of gastric cancer cases. Clinicopathological data were also analyzed and cumulative survival rates generated for comparison.Results.High frequencies ofPCDH10andRASSF1Amethylations in the gastric cancer group were noted (94.1% and 83.2%, respectively, as compared to 2.97% and 5.45% in 202 matched controls). Most patients (53.4%) were in severe stage of the disease, with a median survival time of 8.4 months after diagnosis. Likewise, the patients with metastases, orRASSF1AandPCDH10methylations, had median survival times of 7.3, 7.8, and 8.4 months, respectively. A Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that cumulative survival was significantly lower in those cases positive for methylation ofRASSF1Athan in their negative counterparts. Similarly, whereas almost 100% of patients positive forPCDH10methylation had died after five years, none of the negative cases died over this period. Notably, the methylations ofRASSF1AandPCDH10were found to be higher in the late-stage patients and were also significantly correlated with metastasis and histology.Conclusions.PCDH10andRASSF1Amethylations in blood samples can serve as potential non-invasive diagnostic indicators in blood for gastric cancer. In addition toRASSF1Amethylation, tumor stage proved to be a major prognostic factor in terms of survival rates.

scholarly journals Empyema caused by Streptococcus constellatus: a case report and literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingyan Xia ◽  
Lexin Xia ◽  
Hui Zhou ◽  
Xiuhui Lin ◽  
Feng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Chest Computed Tomography ◽  
Streptococcus Anginosus ◽  
Streptococcus Constellatus ◽  
Routine Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Ngs ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Abstract Background Streptococcus constellatus is a member of Streptococcus anginosus group (SAG) that tends to cause pyogenic infections in various sites. However, Streptococcus constellatus is easily ignored by routine clinical laboratory tests for its prolonged anaerobic culture environment. Case presentation A 71-year-old man was admitted to our hospital due to productive cough, fever, chest pain and shortness of breath for 3 weeks. Chest computed tomography showed patchy opacities and right-sided pleural effusion, so a chest tube was inserted and purulent and hemorrhagic fluid was aspirated. The routine etiological examinations of the pleural effusion were all negative, and next-generation sequencing (NGS) detected Streptococcus constellatus. Intravenous piperacillin-tazobactam 4.5 g every 8 h was used accordingly. The patient recovered and subsequent chest computed tomography confirmed the improvement. Conclusions We reported a case of empyema secondary to Streptococcus constellatus infection, which was identified by NGS, instead of bacterial culture. This case highlights the utility of NGS in detecting pathogens negative in traditional bacterial tests.

scholarly journals Urine miR-21-5p as a potential non-invasive biomarker for gastric cancer

Oncotarget ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (34) ◽  
pp. 56389-56397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiao-Wei Kao ◽  
Chao-Yu Pan ◽  
Chun-Hung Lai ◽  
Chew-Wun Wu ◽  
Wen-Liang Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Non Invasive
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