CHILDRENS EVIDENCE IN CUSTODY DISPUTES CASES IN THE SHARIA COURTS

In the process of trial in court, evidence disclosure is essential to uphold justice. Basically, every party is qualified to provide evidence before the judge decides. In the case of child custody disputes, besides the statements by the mother and the father, statements from the child involved can help the court in making the right decision. According to Islamic law, children who have attained the age of mumayyiz can be given the opportunity to choose. In addition, their views can also be taken as a support evidence to help the court make a decision. This article will analyse childrens rights to express their views, particularly in the determination of child custody disputes. The debate also looks at current legal provisions and practices in the Sharia Court. The analysis found that judges approach in accepting childrens evidence varies. There are still no specific procedures that can be used as a guide by the Sharia Court. The differences include the methods of interviewing or taking recorded statements, the procedures applied and the location where statements are recorded.

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Akibat Hukum Pengangkatan Anak menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 tentang Perlindungan Anak

Jurnal Ilmiah Penegakan Hukum ◽

10.31289/jiph.v6i1.2473 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 14

Author(s):

Adawiyah Nasution

Keyword(s):

Child Protection ◽

Islamic Law ◽

Legal Protection ◽

Field Research ◽

Adoptive Parents ◽

Primary Data ◽

Adopted Children ◽

Legal Provisions ◽

The Right

<h1>The purpose of this study is to assess the legal provisions of the children under Law No. 23 of 2002 and to explain the consequences of the child's adoption law. In addition, to know the legal protection of adopted children under the Child Protection Act is reviewed from Islamic Law Preformance law Practice in Indonesia. To examine the matter, a descriptive study was conducted with a normative juridical approach that was conducted only on the written rules. The collection of data is derived from the literature research and supported field research studies on the appointment of Court and Civil registry office. Primary data collection tools are informant with the interview guidelines whereas data analysis is done with a qualitative approach using the logical and inductive thinking logic in the field of law. In the content of this article shows that, firstly, the consequences of child adoption generally arise with the appointment of a court by not deciding the adoption of adopted children with their biological parents, which switching is the right of custody. In the case of inheritance, the appointment of children based on the determination of the Court of Justice is entitled to the inheritance of his adoptive parents based on wills. Thirdly, with the determination of the adoption of children from the courts, the consequence is the protection of adopted children can be assured of the custody of the law and the inheritance of its adoptive parents.</h1><h1> </h1>

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INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH IN THE STUDY OF MARITAL LAW (STUDY OF THE DETERMINATION OF CHILD COSTODY)

Nurani Jurnal Kajian Syari ah dan Masyarakat ◽

10.19109/nurani.v21i2.9738 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 219-230

Author(s):

Silfa Afriyani

Keyword(s):

Child Custody ◽

Financial Stability ◽

Islamic Law ◽

Interdisciplinary Approach ◽

Daily Lives ◽

Court Judge ◽

Keywords Child ◽

The Right ◽

Children In Care

An interdisciplinary approach is an approach that uses various scientific fields in solving a problem. The determination of child custody is usually decided by considering the age of the child. Children who are not yet mumayiz are taken care of by the mother, but when the child is an adult, they are given the choice to live with the mother or father. Through this study, the author examines the determination of child custody according to Islamic law and the Marriage Law and by using psychology and economics. That the custody of children in care must be assigned to the right person. From this paper, the author concludes that according to Islamic law, the determination of child custody takes into account the age of the child. According to Law no. 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage, the determination of child custody before adulthood is decided by a local court judge. In psychology, the determination of child custody takes into account the mental or psychological aspects of the child. Especially in terms of the child's emotional closeness, closer to the mother or father. So that way, the child's condition will be better in living their daily lives and not getting pressure. Meanwhile, by using economics, the determination of child custody is seen from the financial stability of both parents, both from the mother and from the father. Because in carrying out child care requires financially established, so that the needs of children can be met properly. So, in determining child custody, it can not only be seen from the age of the child but can use other considerations. Keywords: Child custody, Mother, Father

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Hak Asuh Anak Dalam Keluarga Perspektif Keadilan Gender

SALAM Jurnal Sosial dan Budaya Syar i ◽

10.15408/sjsbs.v8i1.19388 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mohamad Faisal Aulia ◽

Nur Afifah ◽

Gilang Rizki Aji Putra

Keyword(s):

Child Custody ◽

Family Law ◽

Gender Justice ◽

Empirical Reality ◽

Gender Perspective ◽

Men And Women ◽

Legal Provisions ◽

Custody Of Children ◽

Custody Disputes ◽

Islamic Family Law

One of the crucial issues in family law in Indonesia that needs attention today is the issue of gender justice in family law, including post-divorce custody of children. This is due to the historical-empirical reality of family law that still places unequal status and roles between men and women. This article discusses how the provisions of child custody disputes in Islamic family law and how the legal provisions for post-divorce child custody have a gender perspective. Based on the above study it can be concluded; First, the legal provisions regarding child custody regulated in articles 105 and 156 are not gender responsive, this is because in determining that a person is given custody based on sex, not based on the aspects of morality, health, educating and caring for children, which in the end is for the realization of interests. the best boy. Second, aspects of morality, health, the ability to educate and care for children cannot be mastered and only owned by a certain gender, but all aspects can be owned by both men (fathers) and women (mothers).Kata Kunci: Hak Asuh Anak, Hukum Keluarga, Keadilan Gender

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PRINSIP KEADILAN DAN KESEIMBANGAN DALAM PENENTUAN NILAI TUKAR BARANG (HARGA) PERSPEKTIF ISLAM DAN HUKUM PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN

Journal de Jure ◽

10.18860/j-fsh.v6i2.3205 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Iffaty Nasyiah

Keyword(s):

Exchange Rate ◽

Consumer Protection ◽

Islamic Law ◽

Consumer Rights ◽

Production Values ◽

The Law ◽

The Exchange Rate ◽

The Right

The Law No. 8 of 1999 about Consumer Protection Article 4 letter b said that one of consumer rights, namely the right to select and obtain goods in accordance with the exchange rate. Not found in authentic explanation regarding this exchange rate, if the exchange rate is the exchange rate that is in accordance with the agreement between the seller and the buyer, or in accordance with the production values or the exchange rate that corresponds to the price market, this then raises the question of free interpretation among the businessmen that the exchange rate is determined only by the desire of businessmen and weighing of benefits desired by businesses alone, so that entrepreneurs are allowed to set the exchange rate goods many times from the value of its production. In Islamic law is not found the rules regarding the determination of the limits of this exchange rate, but Islam is a tolerant religion, including in determining the exchange rate as the words of the Prophet Muhammad: "May Allah have mercy to a tolerant person (easy) when it sells, tolerant when buying, tolerant when fulfilling the obligation and tolerant when claiming its rights”. (HR. Bukhari from Jabir)

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FASAKH NIKAH DENGAN ALASAN SUAMI MISKIN (Studi Perbandingan antara Ulama Syafi’iyyah dan Hukum Positif di Indonesia)

Dusturiyah: Jurnal Hukum Islam, Perundang-undangan dan Pranata Sosial ◽

10.22373/dusturiyah.v8i2.4358 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Syahrizal Abbas Sitti Mawar Muhammad Habibi

Keyword(s):

Islamic Law ◽

Comparative Method ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Primary Data ◽

Is Research ◽

Positive Law ◽

Differences Of Opinion ◽

Implementation Period ◽

The Right

In a family sometimes painful actions arise from involuntary causes (not intentionally), not on the wishes of the husband, such as because the husband is poor or poor so he does not have a living to fulfill his wife's rights in the form of food, clothing and home at a certain time, which makes the wife ask to part with her husband through the divorce (fasakh) path. Regarding the problem of the wife asking for fasakh (carrying out divorce) by reason of a poor husband there are differences of opinion between the Syafi'iyyah Ulama and Positive Law in Indonesia concerning the provisions that must be fulfilled by both. This study wants to answer the question of how the provisions of fasakh marriage are based on the reasons of poor husbands according to Syafi'iyyah Ulama and Positive Law in Indonesia. To get answers, the author uses primary data sources and secondary data. The research method that I use is Descriptive Comparative method that is research by analyzing and comparing opinions, reasons and interpretations of the arguments used as the opinions of the two groups. The results of the study indicate that the fasakh of marriage on the grounds of a poor husband according to the Shafi'iyyah Ulama is permissible and validly carried out on condition; 1) A wife who is married between being patient and divorced, 2) Judge's decision, in the form of; a. determination of poor status according to the provisions, b. giving an opportunity to a husband to work for a living, c. Fasakh implementation period three days after the wife reported. 3) Separated by reciting fasakh instead of divorce, and still having three times the right of divorce if in the future you want to remarry with a new contract. Whereas according to Positive Law in Indonesia fasakh marriage by reason of poor and permissible husband with conditions, 1) occur shikak between wife and husband, 2) wife make a divorce letter, 3) Decision judge namely proof of poor husband in a literal manner, 4) Court decision drop one bain sughra talak. From the explanation above, it can be concluded that the provisions of the fasakh of marriage by reason of poor husbands in the opinion of the Syafi'iyyah clerics are better and fair because they are supported by a strong foundation and are most in accordance with the soul, basis and principles of Islamic law. Therefore in Indonesia requires more explicit rules about fasakh (divorce) with the excuse of poor husbands.Keywords: Fasakh and Poor.

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METODE PENYELESAIAN PENYELEWENGAN (AL-TA‘ASSUF) PENGGUNAAN HAK DALAM TRADISI HUKUM ISLAM

Bilancia: Jurnal Studi Ilmu Syariah dan Hukum ◽

10.24239/blc.v12i1.337 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 111-140

Author(s):

Ahmad Arief

Keyword(s):

Islamic Law ◽

Human Right ◽

The Law ◽

The Right

Al-Ta'assuf in the use of rights is a terminology in Islamic law which by the experts usul al-fiqh used as one of the indicators in doing istinbat al-hukm (the determination of the law). The method of settling the use of rights is the most obvious evidence that Islam is not a religion of terror. The fulfillment of the right and anticipation of misuse on every human right has been established in the method since the time of the Prophet, reinforced by the results of the legal examination of the four Imams of the Mazhab when they performed a law.

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KEDUDUKAN ANAK PEREMPUAN DALAM PEMBAGIAN HARTA WARISAN MENURUT HUKUM ISLAM (Studi Kasus Putusan Pengadilan Agama Medan No. 40/Pdt.G/2017/PA.Mdn)

Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS) ◽

10.34007/jehss.v2i2.92 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 307-317

Author(s):

Emy Eliamega Saragih ◽

Mustamam Mustamam ◽

Mukidi Mukidi

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

Islamic Law ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Inheritance Law ◽

Case Register ◽

Library Research ◽

Female Part ◽

Data Source ◽

The Right

Islamic teachings determine that the Koran and the Hadith are the main references in resolving every problem faced by mankind, especially Muslims. Likewise in solving inheritance problems, the Koran and Hadith have explained clearly and in detail. Whereas for matters that have not yet been regulated or there is no agreement on the ulama, such as inheritance for a transvestite. The problem in this study, regarding the position of girls in the distribution of inheritance law according to Islam, concerning inheritance rights of siblings of fathers who leave a daughter in the perspective of Islamic law and on the basis of judges' consideration in determining the determination of heirs in the decision of case register No. 40/Pdt.G/2017/PA.Mdn. This research is a normative juridical approach with a case approach by analyzing Decision No. 40/Pdt.G/2017/PA. Mdn). The data source of this research is secondary data obtained from the results of library research. Data analysis used in this study is qualitative data analysis. Based on the research results obtained, that the position of girls in the distribution of inheritance law according to Islam is the same as that of boys, namely both have the right to inherit the inheritance of their parents or relatives. It's just that, the male portion is bigger than the female part, which is two parts of the two girls. The inheritance rights of the father's siblings who leave a daughter in the perspective of Islamic law are based on bi ghairihi asabah, because they inherit from men and women together. The basis of the judge's consideration in determining the determination of the heir in the decision of case register No. 40 / Pdt.G/2017/PA.Mdn, is Article 174 paragraph (2) KHI and Al-Quran Letter of Examination verse 176. The panel of judges has mistakenly interpreted the substance of the Examination paragraph 176 and also interpreted the provisions of Article 174 paragraph (2) KHI.

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Resolution of Child Custody Dispute: Legislative Foundation and Contemporary Application of Sulh in the Shariah Court of Malaysia (Mediasi dalam Menyelesaikan Isu Penjagaan Kanak-Kanak: Asas Perundangan dan Aplikasi Sulh oleh Mahkamah Syariah di Malaysia)

Journal of Islam in Asia (E-ISSN: 2289-8077) ◽

10.31436/jia.v17i3.990 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 150-169

Author(s):

Nora Abdul Hak ◽

Ahmad Mukhlis Mansor ◽

Roslina Che Soh

Keyword(s):

Child Custody ◽

Islamic Law ◽

Vital Role ◽

Constructive Method ◽

Interview Method ◽

Content Analysis Method ◽

Custody Disputes ◽

The Government ◽

Government Initiative ◽

Settlement Of Dispute

Mediation or sulh at the Malaysian Shariah Court deals with a variety of issues relating to Islamic family law including the child custody issues. Disputes that exist between the parties can be resolved through litigation (court) and non-litigation (outside the court). Sulh is one of the non-litigation methods in settling disputes in peace and harmony. The Government initiative by introducing sulh since 2001 helps in reducing the backlog of cases, speeds up settlement of dispute and it has become a very constructive method of resolving disputes amicably. This article aims to discuss and analyse the principles of sulh in Islamic Law, its foundations and its implementation in Malaysia particularly in child custody disputes. The article also will look at how sulh interacts with the new implementation of the Special Court of Hadanah established in the Shariah Court of Federal Territories (MSWP). The methodology adopted, is library-based research to collect information, data and theories involved, from selected materials including journal articles, textbooks, statutes, as well as interview method. The data were analysed using the content analysis method. The study concludes that the practice of sulh in the child custody disputes is not only in line with the Islamic Law but also plays a vital role in protecting the children’s rights as outlined by the intent of the Divine Guidance (Maqasid Shariah). Keywords: Sulh, mediation, Shariah court, child custody dispute, ADR. Abstrak Mediasi atau Sulh yang dilaksanakan di Mahkamah Syariah melibatkan pelbagai isu kekeluargaan termasuklan kes penjagaan kanak-kanak. Pertikaian yang terjadi diantara pihak-pihak dapat diselesaikan melalui dua kaedah iaitu perbicaraan (di dalam mahkamah) dan penyelesaian tanpa perbicaraan (luar mahkamah). Sulh adalah salah satu kaedah penyelesaian pertikaian secara damai dan harmoni yang dilakukan tanpa perbicaraan. Inisiatif Kerajaan memperkenalkan Sulh mulai tahun 2001 telah membantu mengurangkan lambakan kes di mahkamah, menyelesaikan kes dalam tempoh yang singkat dan ianya menjadi kaedah yang sangat konstruktif dalam menyelesaikan pertikaian secara damai tanpa sengketa. Tujuan kertas kerja ini disediakan adalah untuk membincangkan serta menganalisa kewujudan Sulh di dalam Undang-Undang Islam, melihat kepada asas serta pelaksanaan Sulh di Malaysia terutama dalam kes melibatkan pertikaian penjagaan kanak-kanak. Artikel ini juga meneliti bagaimana pelaksanaan Sulh membantu ke arah pelaksanaan Mahkamah Khas Hadhanah yang baharu ditubuhkan di Mahkamah Syariah Wilayah Persekutuan (MSWP). Metodologi yang dilaksanakan di dalam kertas kerja ini melibatkan kajian perpustakaan bagi mengumpulkan maklumat, data dan teori yang terlibat daripada bahan-bahan terpilih termasuklah jurnal artikel, buku teks, statut serta kaedah temubual. Data yang diperolehi kemudiannya dianalisa menggunakan kaedah analisa kandungan. Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahawa amalan Sulh melibatkan pertikaian penjagaan kanak-kanak bukan sahaja selari dengan Undang-Undang Islam, namun Sulh juga berperanan penting dalam melindungi hak kanak-kanak seperti yang digariskan oleh Maqasid Syariah. Kata Kunci: Sulh, mediasi, mahkamaah Syariah, pertikaian penjagaan kanak-kanak, ADR.

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Agricultural Commodity Zakat: Aspects of the Determination of 'Illat Law and Maṣlahah'

ALHURRIYAH Jurnal Hukum Islam (ALHURRIYAH JOURNAL OF ISLAMIC LAW) ◽

10.30983/alhurriyah.v6i1.2696 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 48

Author(s):

Yenni Batubara

Keyword(s):

Islamic Law ◽

Economic Value ◽

Agricultural Products ◽

Agricultural Commodities ◽

Agricultural Commodity ◽

Modern Agriculture ◽

Legal Provisions ◽

The Poor ◽

Agricultural Innovations

Nowadays, agricultural commodities are experiencing rapid growth and development with new agricultural innovations such as grafted plants and cross-breeding plants to more modern agriculture, namely hydroponics. This condition causes the agricultural products able to increase the income of farmers significantly. Agricultural products in Islamic law are one type of property that is obligatory for zakat. However, the arguments governing agricultural zakat only mention some agricultural products that are obligatory on zakat, including Jawawud, Wheat, Dates, and Raisins, so some agricultural commodities are out of the reach in these arguments, so there are no legal provisions. This research aims to see how to determine the legal provisions of zakat on agricultural or plantation commodities. This research is using literature studies method. The results of this study indicate that the product of agricultural commodities that have high economic value are qiyās on the types of fruits and grains that are obligatory for zakat, mentioned in the arguments of the Al-Qur' ān and Sunnah with various characteristics, and the functions it has, so that the provisions of agricultural zakat can be applied in issuing zakat on agricultural commodities. Then in terms of maslahah and maqasid shari'ah, the obligation of zakat on agricultural commodities can help fulfill the needs of the poor in particular, and mustahik zakat in general.<div> Komoditas pertanian dewasa ini mengalami pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang sangat pesat dengan inovasi pertanian yang baru seperti tanaman cangkok, tanaman hasil perkawinan silang hingga pertanian yang lebih modern yaitu hidroponik. Di mana hasil pertanian tersebut mampu meningkatkan penghasilan para petani secara signifikan. Hasil pertanian dalam hukum Islam adalah salah satu jenis harta yang wajib zakat. Tetapi, dali-dalil yang mengatur tentang zakat pertanian hanya menyebutkan beberapa hasil pertanian yang wajib zakat diantaranya, Jawawud, Gandum, Kusrma dan Kismis, maka secara tidak langsung hasil komoditas pertanian tidak tersentuh sama sekali di dalam dalil tersebut sehingga tidak ada ketetapan hukumnya. Tujuan dari penlitian ini adalah untuk melihat bagaimana penentuan ketentuan hukum dari zakat hasil komoditas pertanian atau perkebunan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan studi literatur. Berdasarkan analisis yang dilakukan, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hasil komoditas pertanian yang memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi di-qiyās-kan pada jenis buah-buahan dan biji-bijian wajib zakat yang disebutkan dalam dalil-dalil al-Qur’ān dan Sunnah dengan berbagai sifat dan fungsi yang dimilikinya, sehingga ketentuan-ketentuan zakat pertanian dapat diberlakukan dalam mengeluarkan zakat hasil komoditas pertanian. Kemudian dilihat dari segi maslahah dan maqāṣid syarī’ah, kewajiban zakat komoditas pertanian dapat membantu terpenuhinya kebutuhan fakir miskin khususnya, dan mustahik zakat pada umunya. </div>

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PEMIKIRAN IBNU HAZM TENTANG TIDAK GUGURNYA HAK HADANAH BAGI IBU YANG SUDAH MENIKAH KEMBALI DAN RELEVANSINYA TERHADAP KONTEKS INDONESIA

Al-Ahwal Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam ◽

10.14421/ahwal.2015.08203 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 141

Author(s):

Muhamad Izzul Aqna

Keyword(s):

Child Custody ◽

Islamic Law ◽

Legal Discourse ◽

Point Of View ◽

Additional Source ◽

Important Thing ◽

The Creation ◽

The Right ◽

Taking Care

The most important thing to consider following every divorce is the matter of child custody (hadanah). At this point, Ulamas differ whether the right of mothers toward custody is annulled or not should they remarry. Jumhur Ulamas argue that mother’s right is annulled in this case, but Ibnu Hazm differently argues that the mother still holds her right on child custody under condition that she could be trusted in nurturing children. From scriptural point of view (nas), the writer found the solution that the anxiety of Jumhur toward remarried mother in neglecting child’s right can be vanished should the mother and step father could be trusted both in taking care and educating the child (Ibnu Hazm). Furthermore, exposed to Indonesian legal discourse, It is argued that the book entitled al-Muh}alla> written by Ibnu H}azm inevitably becomes additional source of the creation of KHI (the compilation of Islamic law). Eventually, this study confirms previous notions stating that Ibnu Hazm’s tought is relevant and applicable within Indonesian context.

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