scholarly journals Individual and social determinants for the formation of identity: A comparative analysis of research strategies

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 621-633
Author(s):  
Ella D. Dryaeva ◽  
◽  
Ilya A. Kanaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Western Philosophy ◽  
Research Strategies ◽  
Human Identity ◽  
Cross Cultural Communication ◽  
Communication Structures ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Starting Point

This article investigates the concept of identity: the research objective is to consider the principles that can be used to unite various approaches to describing the emergence and transformation of human identity. The research method is a comparative analysis of significant theories of Western philosophy in terms of the achievements of modern interdisciplinary research. Within Western philosophy, most concepts of identity can be classified as belonging to individual- centric or socio-centric research models. Therefore, such a distinction serves as the starting point to discuss the emergence and transformation of the concept of identity. The provided analysis reveals two facts. First, the investigation starts either from individual human experience or from social communication structures, this choice determining further research as individual-centric or sociocentric. Second, it is ultimately impossible to reduce an individual experience or social effect to their opposition: both individual and social beings determine the emergence and functioning of human identity. Hence, human identity should be considered as a result of interaction between individual and social beings. Within contemporary epistemology, the activity realism approach provides a theoretical foundation for explaining identity as an outcome of human active cognition and the transformation of the environment. Thus, this article provides a theoretical foundation for the empirically confirmed fact that human identity is determined by all influential factors present in the lifeworld. Any theory that neglects any efficient causes for the formation of identity in concrete circumstances of time, space, and culture inevitably fails. The practical value of this article is to create a theoretical foundation for empirical research on natural or artificial transformations of human identity in specific circumstances of cross-cultural communication and competition.

Nachhaltigkeit im Wald – vor und hinter der Welle der Globalisierung | Sustainable Forest Management – In Front and Behind the Wave of Globalization

2000 ◽  
Vol 151 (12) ◽  
pp. 502-507
Author(s):  
Christian Küchli
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Specific Situation ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Impact

Are there any common patterns in the transition processes from traditional and more or less sustainable forest management to exploitative use, which can regularly be observed both in central Europe and in the countries of the South (e.g. India or Indonesia)? Attempts were made with a time-space-model to typify those force fields, in which traditional sustainable forest management is undermined and is then transformed into a modern type of sustainable forest management. Although it is unlikely that the history of the North will become the future of the South, the glimpse into the northern past offers a useful starting point for the understanding of the current situation in the South, which in turn could stimulate the debate on development. For instance, the patterns which stand behind the conflicts on forest use in the Himalayas are very similar to the conflicts in the Alps. In the same way, the impact of socio-economic changes on the environment – key word ‹globalisation› – is often much the same. To recognize comparable patterns can be very valuable because it can act as a stimulant for the search of political, legal and technical solutions adapted to a specific situation. For the global community the realization of the way political-economic alliances work at the head of the ‹globalisationwave›can only signify to carry on trying to find a common language and understanding at the negotiation tables. On the lee side of the destructive breaker it is necessary to conserve and care for what survived. As it was the case in Switzerland these forest islands could once become the germination points for the genesis of a cultural landscape, where close-to-nature managed forests will constitute an essential element.

scholarly journals Interpretation of Communism and Post-Communist Transformations in Russia: Modern Theoretical Discussions

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-544
Author(s):  
Vladimir A. Gutorov ◽  
Alexander A. Shirinyants
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
World Order ◽  
Modern State ◽  
Synthetic Model ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
Global World ◽  
Near Future

The analysis of discussions on various aspects of the evolution of the modern state, the specifics of post-communist transformations and the role that Marxism and the tradition of radical socialist thought can play in the near future in their search for a way out of the crisis generated by the agony of the neoliberal global world order. As a starting point for the analysis, theoretical articles published in the second edition of the collection Communism, Anticommunism, Russophobia in post-Soviet Russia. 2nd ed., Add. / Auth.: P.P. Apryshko et al. - Moscow: World of Philosophy, Algorithm, 2021 (607 p.) were selected. A comparative analysis of the polemical works of domestic scientists, political theorists and philosophers with those discussions that for many decades have been conducted by their colleagues abroad clearly indicates that today none of the existing ideologies, as well as the paradigms of economic and socio-political theory, can pretend to be the only recourse. The experience of recent decades clearly excludes the very possibility of transforming the economy and society on the basis of a certain universal synthetic model. In post-communist Russia, the heat of political passions, which stimulates the extreme polarization of political programs for overcoming the crisis, also hinders the achievement of agreement and the search for a solution acceptable to all.

scholarly journals Los cuatro estratos de Roman Ingarden como fundamento teórico para el análisis de las traducciones literarias

Hikma ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo Hermosillo López
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Reception Studies ◽  
Work Of Art ◽  
Active Reading ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Literary Work Of Art ◽  
Wolfgang Iser ◽  
Literary Reception

<p>Resumen:</p><p>Este artículo analiza la teoría de los cuatro estratos del filósofo polaco Roman Ingarden. Tiene el propósito de mostrar que sus conceptos sobre la lectura activa y la obra de arte literaria, además de ser el punto de partida de los estudios de recepción desarrollados más ampliamente por Hans-Robert Jauss y Wolfgang Iser, pueden utilizarse como fundamento teórico para el análisis de traducciones literarias.</p><p> </p><p><em>A</em><em>bstract:</em></p><p>This article analyses the theory of the four strata proposed by the Polish philosopher Roman Ingarden. Its main purpose is to show that Ingarden’s concepts regarding the active reading and the literary work of art, besides from being the starting point of the literary reception studies, developed more widely by Hans-Robert Jauss and Wolfgang Iser, can also be used as a theoretical foundation for the analysis of literary translations.</p>

Analysis of Climbing Obstacle Capability and its Influential Factors of Omni-Directional Wheeled Robot

2012 ◽  
Vol 591-593 ◽  
pp. 717-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai Cheng Li ◽  
Huo Hong Tang ◽  
Bao Lin Feng ◽  
Lu Li
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Mechanics Model ◽  
Wheeled Robot ◽  
Obstacle Height

The perpendicular climbing obstacle capability of omni-directional wheeled robot was studied, based on simplified mechanics model. The relation between influential factors and perpendicular climbing obstacle height was given under two conditions: simultaneously climbing obstacle by two front wheels and simultaneously climbing obstacle by two rear wheels. Then maximum perpendicular climbing obstacle height of this omni-directional wheeled robot was calculated. Simulation analysis to the result by MATLAB was done. The simulation analysis gave theoretical foundation to the climbing obstacle capability of omni-directional wheeled robot.

Financial health of Syariah and non-Syariah banks: a comparative analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elok Heniwati ◽  
Nella Yantiana ◽  
Gita Desyana
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Financial Health ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Liquid Asset ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Insolvency Risk

Purpose This paper aims to investigate whether Syariah banks are more financially stable than non-Syariah banks and check the differential impact of explanatory variables in financial health and efficiency in the context of Indonesia. Design/methodology/approach By using unbalanced panel data from Bankfocus over the period 2011–2018, regression analysis is performed with two response variables representing financial health, ZSCORE for return on average assets, liquid asset to deposit and short-term funding ratio. A number of control variables are used as tools to confirm the hypotheses. To check the robustness of the findings, a model with different specifications has been used. Findings The results indicate that while Syariah banks present higher insolvency risk (less health) for long-term activity, the opposite is true for short-term activity. Other findings show that Syariah and non-Syariah banks contribute differently to the national system of financial stability owing to varying influential factors on the bank’s health. Originality/value This paper presents a comparative analysis between the financial stability of Syariah banks and that of non-Syariah banks in Indonesia by building an empirical framework that allows the author to examine the differential effects of each underlying feature on financial stability in Syariah and non-Syariah banks.

Human Identity and COVID-19

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachid Id Yassine ◽  
Beatriz Mesa
Keyword(s):  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Human Identity ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Time Space

This chapter bases itself on the premise that the society that will emerge from this COVID-19 health crisis will inevitably differ from the current one. People have become more vulnerable, and this sense of vulnerability, fragility, and uncertainty has spread throughout society, and is no longer limited to certain social groups. The contemporary idea of security has also collapsed in societies that no longer seem secure, predictable, or under control. This situation of a weakened society is the first paradigm shift, brought forth alongside the notion of identity linked to time, space, and humanity. To that end, we carry out a review of the events which triggered the crisis in Europe and Africa.

scholarly journals A Multivariate Modeling Analysis of Commuters’ Non-Work Activity Allocations in Xiaoshan District of Hangzhou, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 5768
Author(s):  
Guan ◽  
Ye ◽  
Shi ◽  
Zou
Keyword(s):  
Travel Demand ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Work Schedules ◽  
Work Activity ◽  
Work Activities ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Modeling Analysis ◽  
Demand Models

This paper investigates the outdoor non-work activity allocation behaviors of commuters in Xiaoshan District of Hangzhou, China, as well as the underlying relationship among different types of outdoor non-work activities. As per their commute and work schedules, commuters’ outdoor non-work activities are classified into six categories and considered as binary dependent variables for modeling analysis, including from home before work, on commute way from home to work, going home during work, going out (not going home) during work, on commute way from work back home, and from home after work. Independent variables include commute attributes, work schedules, sociodemographic attributes, and built-environmental attributes. A multivariate probit model is developed to explore the effects of explanatory variables and capture correlations among unobserved influential factors. The model estimation results show that daily work time, education years, and traffic zone have substantial impacts on commuters’ non-work activity allocations. As for the underlying relationship among unobserved factors, a positive correlation is found between the outdoor non-work activities on commute way to and from work, indicating a mutually promotive relationship. All other correlations are negative, indicating other types of non-work activities are mutually substitutive. These findings will help to better understand commuters’ behaviors of outdoor activity arrangement subject to the time-space constraint from fixed work schedules, and shed some light on the mechanism of complex work tour formation, so as to guide the development of activity-based travel demand models for commuters.

scholarly journals Numerical Modeling for Simulation of Compaction of Refractory Materials for Secondary Steelmaking

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Ramírez-Aragón ◽  
Joaquín Ordieres-Meré ◽  
Fernando Alba-Elías ◽  
Ana González-Marcos
Keyword(s):  
Influential Factors ◽  
Maximum Force ◽  
Refractory Materials ◽  
Cohesion Energy ◽  
Final Shape ◽  
A Value ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Contact Models

The purpose of this work is to simulate the powder compaction of refractory materials, using the discrete element method (DEM). The capability of two cohesive contact models, implemented in different DEM packages, to simulate the compaction of a mixture of two refractory materials (dead burnt magnesia (MgO) and calcined alumina (Al2O3)) was analyzed, and the simulation results were compared with experimental data. The maximum force applied by the punch and the porosity and final shape quality of the compact were examined. As a starting point, the influence of Young’s modulus (E), the cohesion energy density (CED), and the diameter of the Al2O3 particles (D) on the results was analyzed. This analysis allowed to distinguish that E and CED were the most influential factors. Therefore, a more extensive examination of these two factors was performed afterward, using a fixed value of D. The analysis of the combined effect of these factors made it possible to calibrate the DEM models, and consequently, after this calibration, the compacts had an adequate final shape quality and the maximum force applied in the simulations matched with the experimental one. However, the porosity of the simulated compacts was higher than that of the real ones. To reduce the porosity of the compacts, lower values of D were also modeled. Consequently, the relative deviation of the porosity was reduced from 40–50% to 20%, using a value of D equal to 0.15 mm.

Geo-locations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peta Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Cultural Theory ◽  
Spatial Turn ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Critical Approaches ◽  
Humanities And Social Sciences

Since around 1970, and across a broad spectrum of humanities and social sciences disciplines, there has been an ongoing and critical reassessment of the role played by space, place, and geography in the formation and unfolding of human knowledge, subjectivity, and social relations. Starting with the identification of a distinctive “spatial turn” within critical and social theory in the second half of the 20th century, it has become a commonplace to recognize space as being political and as having a particular affective and effective power. A distinctive constellation of socio-technological changes at the start of the 20th century brought the question of space to the critical foreground, and, by the end of the 20th century, a loosely defined and interdisciplinary “spatial theory” had emerged, while a number of fields across the humanities and social sciences had avowedly undergone their own “spatial turns.” More recently, new critical approaches have emerged that foreground the geo- as both a starting point and method for critical analysis as well as new inter-disciplines—namely the geohumanities and spatial humanities—that provide a focus for the range of work being done at the interstices of geography and the humanities. With the rise to ubiquity of geospatial and geolocative technologies since around 2005—and their almost wholesale penetration into everyday life in the global North in the form of the GPS-enabled smartphone—the question of the geo- and its role in locating and mediating human experience, knowledge, and social relations has become ever more salient. In an era where the geo- becomes geolocation, and is increasingly defined by networked relations among humans, digital media, and their locational data traces, new approaches and schools of thought that transect geography, digital media, and critical and cultural theory have once more emerged, constituting what may be thought of as a new, digital spatial turn. Charting the trajectory of the geo- as a key site and mode of critique across and through these often overlapping “spatial turns”—across time, space, and disciplinary boundaries—is itself a work of geolocation.

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