scholarly journals Effects of water-saving education in Taiwan on public water knowledge, attitude, and behavior intention change

Water Policy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 964-979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Hung Wang ◽  
Mei-Chen Chang ◽  
Jia-Ru Liou
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Conservation Education ◽  
Behavior Intention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Small Effect Size ◽  
Household Water ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Water Literacy ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract This study aims to measure the changes in the water literacy of the subjects (N = 620) aged over 18 before and after participating in the water-saving activities. The results showed that there is a significant improvement in the water literacy of the subjects after the water-saving activities but with a medium-small effect size; there is no significant correlation between water knowledge and water attitude before or after the activities. In addition, there is a significant difference in water literacy regarding subjects' background variables, such as age, income, and household water expenses. In other words, the attitude and behavior related to the use of water could be easily influenced by different background variables. Due to the limitation of the museum being the study field, the post-tests were given immediately following the activities, therefore the improvements of the subjects' knowledge and attitudes may not be retained over time. The findings can serve as a reference for the Water Resources Department to promote water conservation education in the future.

scholarly journals Evaluation of some water saving devices in urban areas: A case study from the Sultanate of Oman

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayder A. Abdel Rahman ◽  
Halima A Al-Farsi ◽  
Mushtaque Ahmed ◽  
Matheus F. A Goosen
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Line System ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Household Water ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pipe Line ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Supply Systems

Water Saving Devices (WSDs) sustain demands for potable water, soften impacts on supply systems and inflict a positive effect on wastewater treatment systems. This study evaluated the effect of some WSDs in Oman. A questionnaire survey and some case studies were used. The survey results revealed that the pipe line system network for water supply accounted for about 67.7%, whereas the rest mainly use tankers. Around 37.2% of the participants received consumed 25000 - 45000 liters per household per month. Case studies showed no significant difference in household water usage before and after installation of WSDs due to pre-installed aerators. Toilet bags and dual flush toilets were not effective promoting users to flush. However, WSDs were significantly effective in restaurants, mosques, hotels and government buildings. Water consumption in shopping centres and hospitals slightly decreased. Retrofitting programs that involve replacement of existing plumbing equipment and residential water audit programs are recommended.

scholarly journals Cost and financial sustainability of a household-based water treatment and storage intervention in Zambia

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anyana Banerjee ◽  
Deborah A. McFarland ◽  
Ritu Singh ◽  
Robert Quick
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water System ◽  
Financial Loss ◽  
Household Water Treatment ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Household Water ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Program Costs ◽  
And Behavior

Providing safe water to >1 billion people in need is a major challenge. To address this need, the Safe Water System (SWS) - household water treatment with dilute bleach, safe water storage, and behavior change - has been implemented in >20 countries. To assess the potential sustainability of the SWS, we analyzed costs in Zambia of “Clorin” brand product sold in bottles sufficient for a month of water treatment at a price of $0.09. We analyzed production, marketing, distribution, and overhead costs of Clorin before and after sales reached nationwide scale, and analyzed Clorin sales revenue. The average cost per bottle of Clorin production, marketing and distribution at start-up in 1999 was $1.88 but decreased by 82% to $0.33 in 2003, when >1.7 million bottles were sold. The financial loss per bottle decreased from $1.72 in 1999 to $0.24 in 2003. Net program costs in 2003 were $428,984, or only $0.04 per person-month of protection. A sensitivity analysis showed that if the bottle price increased to $0.18, the project would be self-sustaining at maximum capacity. This analysis demonstrated that efficiencies in the SWS supply chain can be achieved through social marketing. Even with a subsidy, overall program costs per beneficiary are low.

scholarly journals Organizational Development Towards Excellent Management

2018 ◽  
pp. 254-257
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Organizational Development ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Percentage Standard Deviation

This study will use the Kirkpatrick Assessment Model to assess the School Excellence program through Organization Development (PrOD). This model involves evaluation of reactions, learning (knowledge, skills and attitude), behavior and outcomes, but this study only assesses knowledge and behavior . This study uses survey method by involving 120 respondents of the study chosen by group sampling. The instrument is a questionnaire that has Cronbach Alpha value between 0.930-0.984. The data were analyzed using mean score, percentage, standard deviation and regression. Analysis findings show that there is a significant difference between the level of knowledge and behavior before and after the PrOD. Overall, this study recommends PrOD to be continued, but it is necessary to improve in the formulation of PrOD syllabus so that school leaders can improve the behavior change in meaningful and meaningful implementation of the PrOD.

scholarly journals A cellular automata modelling approach in household water use

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-480
Author(s):  
Salsabil M. Abdalbaki
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Modelling Framework ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Household Water ◽  
Modelling Approach

Abstract This paper explores the strength of simulation techniques in water conservation by employing a cellular automata (CA) modelling framework. The CA-based model allows the examination of various scenarios with different hypotheses in the context of water resources management in Egypt. Moreover, sensitivity analysis is applied to test the robustness of the model's results. The empirical results show that both social media posts as well as the fear of building the Renaissance Dam in Ethiopia play a motivational role to encourage the individuals to conserve water in Egypt. This is supported by the effort of the most effective and influential categories (family, friends, and relatives, according to the results of the current study) because they are identified as the major influencers on the surrounding people in their social networks. For the results of sensitivity analysis, there is no significant difference between the results of implementing the model and the results of sensitivity analysis.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Design Thinking Training in Increasing Intention of Innovative Behavior and Creativity

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Hajan Hidajat
Keyword(s):  
Design Thinking ◽  
T Test ◽  
Training Method ◽  
Innovative Behavior ◽  
Training Module ◽  
Behavior Intention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experiment Method ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Alternative Hypotheses

<p>This study aims to empirically examine the effectiveness of design thinking training to improve the intention to behave innovatively and creatively. The research method used to carry out this research is the Quasi Experiment Method. The results of hypothesis testing using t-test showed that there was no significant difference in creativity scores between before and after the training treatment. This shows that Design Thinking training is not effective in increasing creativity. However, the two alternative hypotheses were tested using t-test showed that there were significant differences scores of innovative behavior intention before and after treatment of Design Thinking. This shows that Design Thinking training is effective in increasing the intention to behave innovative. This research is expected to contribute studies on the effectiveness of the Design Thinking training method and produce a training module that can be used in the entrepreneurial learning process. Based on the results of this study, Design Thinking training can be used as a method to encourage innovative behavior.</p><p> </p><p>intensi berperilaku inovatif, kreativitas, <em>design thinking</em>, pelatihan <em>design thinking </em></p>

scholarly journals What roles do smart sensors play in citizens' water use? From the perspective of household water-saving

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang Tian ◽  
Zhuo Chen
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Smart Sensors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Behavioural Intervention ◽  
Household Water ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The rapid population growth has led to increasing demand for water resources. Studies have shown that the application of new technologies can effectively influence and promote citizens to save water. The application of smart water sensors can effectively monitor household water consumption and feedback the recorded data to citizens promptly, thereby influencing family members' water-saving attitudes and behaviours. For the widespread use of future water sensors in households, it can demonstrate its essential role in three aspects: water use information feedback to reduce water consumption, water information measurement helps to cultivate water conservation awareness, and water use information release as an effective means of behavioural intervention. This research provides some suggestions for the promotion and use of smart sensors in the home and points out the future research directions for the impact of water sensing on household water-saving behaviour.

scholarly journals Technological Spaces in the Semi-Arid High Plains: Examining Well Ownership and Investment in Water-Saving Appliances

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 365
Author(s):  
Brock Ternes
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Groundwater Depletion ◽  
High Plains ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Water Supplies ◽  
Water Literacy ◽  
Social Scientific

Groundwater depletion has been a consequential problem in Kansas, a drought-prone state widely reliant on the High Plains aquifer. This manuscript explores well ownership’s moderating effects on the relationships between awareness of water supplies and the use of water-saving devices. It assesses one of the only quantitative datasets of private water well owners used in social scientific research (n = 864) and discusses the intricate results of multi-group structural equation models with respondents organized by their water supplies. Well ownership and water literacy are significantly correlated to owning water-conservation technologies, and well ownership combined with access to municipal water weakens the correlations between awareness and owning water-saving appliances.

How Individuals Hypothetically and Realistically Respond to Media Messages About Severe Weather

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-62
Author(s):  
Cory L. Armstrong ◽  
Nathan A. Towery
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Visual Cues ◽  
Severe Weather ◽  
Live Video ◽  
Media Messages ◽  
Behavior Intention ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Behavior

This study sought to measure how risk perception and behavior intention of residents in coastal counties in Southern Alabama, Mississippi, and Northern Florida may have changed before and after Hurricane Michael in October 2018. The aim of this research project was to compare individual responses to impending disasters before the hurricane and compare them to responses in areas hit by the storm. The authors used an experiment to examine how visual cues and media messages were interpreted by residents and their reported influence on an individual's risk perception and decision-making in the situation. With roughly 1,030 respondents, results indicated that live video was most likely to motivate respondents to prepare activities after the storm, which was in the opposite direction of those respondents answering before the hurricane struck. The authors hope the findings of this study can help broadcasters better target their messages as they move forward.

scholarly journals Promoting Physical Activity in Parks

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen S. Wilson ◽  
Brittany Kato ◽  
Elia Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Public Parks ◽  
Park Use ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Interviewing Techniques ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Exercise Equipment

Background and Purpose: Adding outdoor gym equipment to a park has the potential to influence the physical activity of park users. This study piloted the feasibility of utilizing kinesiology students as physical activity coaches to promote physical activity and to motivate park users to use the outdoor exercise equipment in public parks. Methods: Pairs of student coaches (N=24) were placed in 10 parks throughout four cities for a total of 12 coaching sessions per week for 11 weeks. Students were trained in motivational interviewing techniques and behavior change skills to incorporate during their interactions with park users. Data was collected using attendance at the coaching sessions as well as the Systems for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities to scan park use before and after the pilot. Descriptive statistics and dependent t-tests were used to compare the difference in park use. Results: Students coached 205 residents and tracked 475 residents using the exercise equipment. There was no significant difference in park use (p=.066) or exercise equipment use (p=0.58), although numbers were lower after the pilot. However, the percentage of vigorously active users on the exercise equipment remained constant (37.9% vs. 36.3%, p=. 91). Conclusion: Despite no differences in use over time, the student coaches engaged with many users, supporting the feasibility of this approach.

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