scholarly journals Geoeconomic interest of minerals assemblage of sebkha El Melah, southeastern Tunisia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elhoucine Essefi ◽  
Mohamed Ali Tagorti
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Theoretical Modeling ◽  
Natural Process ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Economic Interest ◽  
Evaporation Process ◽  
Mineral Precipitation ◽  
Accessory Minerals

Abstract This work aimed to study the formation of salt through a progressive evaporation of sebkha El Melah brine. The precipitated salt in the case of sebkha El Melah is variable along the progressive evaporation. Weights of salt after each phase of precipitation indicate a heterogeneous evaporation process cumulating at 315 g L−1. With an increasing evaporation of El Melah brine, the number of precipitated mineral species increased. The cumulative number of species along the evaporation process reached 20, including principally: Halite (NaCl) (73–95%), epsomite (MgSO4·7H2O) (7–14%), bischofite (MgCl2:6H2O) (1%), Kieserite Mg(SO4)(H2O) (0–2%), magnesite (MgCO3) (1–4%), polyhalite (K2Ca2Mg(SO4)4,2H2O). Also, the thermodynamic theoretical modeling of the El Melah brine shows convergence with geochemical and mineralogical experimental data. At an evaporation rate of 60%, the sebkha of El Melah annually provides with 315,000 tons of salt. The majority of salt (80%) is halite. The remaining 20% contains different species having a huge economic interest. From an industrial viewpoint, our study shows that the purity of halite is guaranteed at low rates of evaporation. Evaporation between 50 and 75% produces a mixture dominated by halite. Evaporation higher than 75% needs further studies to find the mineralogical composition and the phase of each mineral precipitation. The saline system of El Melah represents a geoeconomic interest due to the cheap natural process of production, its large quantity of halite with varieties of other accessory minerals, and cheap procedure of exportation.

scholarly journals MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF LEACHING PROCESS OF RED MUD IN ORDER TO OBTAIN THE KINETICS PARAMETERS

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 90 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. M. Dos Passos ◽  
B. M. Viegas ◽  
E. N. Macêdo ◽  
J. A. S. Souza ◽  
E. M. Magalhães
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Data Conversion ◽  
Kinetics Parameters ◽  
Leaching Process ◽  
Iron Leaching ◽  
The Mathematical Model

The use of the waste of the Bayer process, red mud, is due to its chemical and mineralogical composition that shows a material rich in oxides of iron, titanium and aluminum. Some studies conducted show that this waste can be applied as a source of alternative raw material for concentration and subsequent recovery of titanium compounds from an iron leaching process, which is present in higher amounts, about 30% by weight. To obtain a greater understanding about the leaching kinetics, the information of the kinetic data of this process is very important. In this context, the main objective of this work is the development of a mathematical model that is able to fit the experimental data (conversion / extraction iron, titanium and aluminum) of the leaching process by which is possible to obtain the main kinetic parameters such as the activation energy and the velocity of chemical reactions as well as the controlling step of the process. The development of the mathematical model was based on the model of core decreasing. The obtained model system of ordinary differential equations was able to fit the experimental data obtained from the leaching process, enabling the determination of the controlling step, the rate constants and the activation energies of the leaching process.

scholarly journals Experimental study on the evaporating progress of hexane lens on immiscible liquid：Spreading and receding

2021 ◽  
Vol 321 ◽  
pp. 01017
Author(s):  
Aiqiang Chen ◽  
Jinghong Yin ◽  
Huiqin Wang ◽  
Bin Liu ◽  
Rachid Bennacer
Keyword(s):  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Droplet Evaporation ◽  
Immiscible Liquid ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Evaporation Process ◽  
Droplet Spreading ◽  
Minimum Diameter ◽  
Base Solution ◽  
Evaporation Intensity

The change of evaporation liquid on another immiscible liquid has important guiding significance for many applications. In this experiment, the geometric temperature distribution and evaporation rate of n-hexane droplets were observed and recorded by changing the temperature of deionized water. The results show that with the increase of temperature of deionized water-based solution, the maximum diameter of n-hexane droplet spreading after titration increases gradually, while the minimum diameter of n-hexane droplet disappearing decreases gradually. Meanwhile, the evaporation rate of n-hexane droplet is constant during the whole evaporation process. It should also be mentioned that if the base solution is changed from deionized water to a certain concentration of salt solution, the maximum diameter of n-hexane droplet spreading will be reduced, and the evaporation intensity will be relatively reduced. These experimental results will give us a better understanding of the mechanism and characteristics of droplet evaporation.

Modelling the Natural Evaporation of the Concentrated Seawater after Desalinized

2015 ◽  
Vol 713-715 ◽  
pp. 2989-2992
Author(s):  
Xue Kui Wang ◽  
Ying Zhou ◽  
Ling Li ◽  
Tian Cheng Gao ◽  
Na Tang
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Experimental Data ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Evaporation Model ◽  
Irradiation Intensity ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Good Agreement

The influence of natural evaporation factors (the irradiation intensity, speed of the wind, temperature of the brine, temperature and relative humidity of the air) on the desalinated seawater evaporation rate was measured experimentally. A natural evaporation model was built by correlating the experimental data using the artificial neural network. This model was well correlated with the influence of natural evaporation factors, and it showed a good agreement of the results and evaporation theory.

scholarly journals Clouds Over Soot Evaporation: Errors in Modeling Laser-Induced Incandescence of Soot

2000 ◽  
Vol 123 (4) ◽  
pp. 814-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Smallwood ◽  
D. R. Snelling ◽  
F. Liu ◽  
O¨. L. Gu¨lder
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Evaporation Process ◽  
Thermal Velocity ◽  
Carbon Vapor ◽  
Evaporation Model ◽  
Correct Formulation ◽  
Intense Evaporation ◽  
Laser Induced Incandescence ◽  
Heat Of Evaporation

The ambiguity and incorrect treatment of the evaporation term among some LII models in the literature are discussed. This study does not suggest that the correct formulation presented for the evaporation model is adequate, or that it reflects the soot evaporation process under intense evaporation. The emphasis is that the current evaporation model must be used correctly in the evaluation of the LII model against experimental data. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the significance of the molecular weight associated with the heat of evaporation and the thermal velocity of carbon vapor on the results obtained with the evaporation model. Other errors frequently repeated in the literature are also identified.

Characteristics of a Solar Pond Brine Reconcentration System

1994 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Newell ◽  
M. K. Smith ◽  
R. G. Cowie ◽  
J. M. Upper ◽  
C. L. Cler
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Evaporation Process ◽  
Evaporation Surface ◽  
University Of Illinois ◽  
Solar Pond ◽  
Salt Gradient ◽  
The University ◽  
Good Agreement

An active brine reconcentration system has been incorporated into the design of the University of Illinois half-acre salt gradient solar pond facility. An important feature of the system is its ability to keep precipitation from diluting the brine. Experimental data presented is in good agreement with a numerical simulation model of the evaporation process. The “film”-type evaporation process used in the system efficiently collects solar energy for evaporating water from brine. Parasitic electrical energy requirements for the evaporation system are 1.2 watts per square meter of evaporation surface area.

scholarly journals Blood flow and oxygen delivery to human brain during functional activity: Theoretical modeling and experimental data

2001 ◽  
Vol 98 (12) ◽  
pp. 6859-6864 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Mintun ◽  
B. N. Lundstrom ◽  
A. Z. Snyder ◽  
A. G. Vlassenko ◽  
G. L. Shulman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Oxygen Delivery ◽  
Theoretical Modeling

IoT Setup for Co-measurement of Water Level and Temperature

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujaya Das Gupta ◽  
M.S. Zambare ◽  
A.D. Shaligram
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Recent Time ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Evaporation Process ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Corrective Measures ◽  
Evaporation Losses

Recent time has witnessed severe scarcity of water owing to deficient rainfall in India. The current climatic conditions in the country, project the rise in temperature and arid conditions contributing substantially towards the evaporation losses. In order to deal with the looming crisis, it is peremptory to minimize evaporation losses in the water bodies, at least measure them to get a fair idea and initiate corrective measures. This paper aims to develop a system for continuous monitoring of the water level as an indicator to the evaporation process. The system also indicates temperature of the water which influences the evaporation rate.

Effects of Pressure on the Kinetics of Manganese Evaporation from the Ot4 Alloy / Wpływ Cisnienia Na Kinetyke Procesu Odparowania Manganu Ze Stopu Ot4

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Blacha ◽  
R. Burdzik ◽  
A. Smalcerz ◽  
T. Matuła
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Gaseous Phase ◽  
Pressure Range ◽  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Evaporation Process ◽  
Pressure Reduction ◽  
Diffusion Controlled ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Evaporation Kinetics

In the paper, results of the study on manganese evaporation from the OT4 alloy are presented. In the experiments, the effects of pressure on the manganese evaporation kinetics and the stages that limit the evaporation rate were investigated. It was demonstrated that the rate of manganese evaporation from the alloy increased with pressure reduction in the system. When the pressure decreases from 1000 Pa to 10 Pa, the value of overall mass transfer kMn increases from 3.9*10-6 ms-1 to 208.4*10-6 ms-1. At the same time, the manganese fraction in the alloy decreased from 1.49% mass to 0.045% mass. Within the whole pressure range, the analysed evaporation process is diffusion-controlled. For pressures above 50 Pa, the determining stage is transfer in the gaseous phase, while for pressures below 50 Pa, it is transfer in the liquid phase.

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