Groundwater hydrochemistry in the crystalline laterites/forest loams of Kasargod district, Kerala, India

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 486-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. Akhil ◽  
K. N. Sumangala ◽  
C. H. Sujatha
Keyword(s):  
Major Ions ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Drinking And Irrigation ◽  
Major Cations ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Microbiological Parameters ◽  
Groundwater Hydrochemistry ◽  
Irrigation Quality

Groundwater quality assessment for drinking and irrigation purposes in the specific hot spot areas of Kasargod District, Kerala, India, was conducted during July 2009 to January 2011. Groundwater samples were examined and quantified for the major cations and anions, microbiological parameters, irrigation quality parameters such as sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), residual Mg/Ca ratio and %Na. Most of the ground samples were acidic in nature and the fluoride concentrations exhibited below the desirable limit. Concentration of iron exceeds the desirable limit of 0.3 mg/l during monsoon 2009 and pre-monsoon 2010. The competitive and non-competitive ion relationship between the major ions was authenticated by the correlation study.

scholarly journals Assessment of groundwater quality of different micro-basins of Bangladesh 2 using hydrochemical analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Hossain Ali
Keyword(s):  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Combined Approach ◽  
Allowable Limit ◽  
Major Cations ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Groundwater Hydrochemistry ◽  
Irrigation Quality ◽  
Removal System

On the basis of groundwater chemistry, an evaluation of groundwater for domestic and irrigation purposes  was carried out for different regions of Bangladesh. Using the chemical compositions and different quality parameters, irrigation quality was assed using 6 different techniques: USDA method, FAO guidelines, Water-Types approach, Combined approach proposed by Al-Bassam et al. (2003), Ali (2010), and GOB (2007) guidelines. Drinking quality was judged by WHO (2011) provisional guidelines and GOB guidelines. Concentrations of major cations and anions of most groundwater samples were within allowable limit. Except one location (i.e. Barisal), the water for irrigation purpose are suitable to 19 marginally suitable considering salinity and sodicity. For drinking purpose, all except 2 locations (i.e. 20 Sunamgonj and Barisal, where iron is a concern) are found suitable. At these locations, other aquifer layer 21 with low Fe can be searched for safer Fe level. Alternatively, Fe removal system can be assembled for 22 collecting drinking water.Keywords: Groundwater, Hydrochemistry, Quality parameters, Integrated quality assessment, Bangladesh

scholarly journals The effect of human activities on the pollution of water in southwest Giza area, Egypt

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1368-1376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsayed M. Abu El Ella ◽  
Ahmed A. Elnazer ◽  
Salman A. Salman
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Drinking And Irrigation ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Industrial Complexes ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Surface Water Samples

Southwest Giza area is one of the most complicated regions in Egypt because of the combination of agricultural, industrial and urbanization activities with few studies about water resources contamination with heavy metals. In this study, ten surface water samples and eight groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for pollution with Fe, Mn, As, Cr, Cd, Pb and Cu. The samples were collected randomly according to the topographic locations and accessibility. The surface water is suitable for both drinking and irrigation use according to its salinity (total dissolved solids, TDS < 500 mg/l) and content of major ions. Unfortunately, some samples contain concentrations of As, Cd, Cu and Pb higher than the WHO drinking water guidelines. The groundwater samples have TDS ranging from 204 to 2,100 mg/l. Also, the groundwater contains higher concentrations of Fe, Mn and As than surface water. The highest concentrations of heavy metals As, Cd and Pb were recorded in the desert fringes and close to the industrial complexes indicating the role of geological sediments in the transportation and migration of pollutants. The unconfined part of the Quaternary aquifer in the desert fringes is more vulnerable to contamination. The results of this study reflect the role of human and industrial activates in polluting water resources with heavy metals, which puts the aquatic environment in the study area under stress.

scholarly journals Hydrochemical assessment and groundwater pollution parameters in arid zone: Case of the Turonian aquifer in Béchar region, southwestern Algeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-117
Author(s):  
Ikram Mokeddem ◽  
Meriem Belhachemi ◽  
Touhami Merzougui ◽  
Noria Nabbou ◽  
Salih Lachache
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Anthropogenic Source ◽  
Water Sampling ◽  
Drinking And Irrigation ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
High Concentrations

AbstractGroundwater samples from Turonian aquifer of Béchar region were evaluated as drinking and irrigation water sources. physicochemical parameters including pH, EC, TH, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl−, SO42– and NO3− were determined for 16 water sampling points. These characterizations show that the groundwater is fresh to brackish, slightly alkaline and the major ions are Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl− and SO42–. According to WHO standards, 50% of the analysed water are suitable as a drinking source while the other samples are not in compliance with drinking water standards. This non-compliance is basically due to the high concentrations of Na+, Cl−, and SO42– requesting further treatment to reach the stringent standards. According to the results of nitrate concentrations, anthropogenic source seems to influence the groundwater quality. The present study shows that Béchar groundwater may represent an important drinking and irrigation water source. However, a specific management strategy should be adapted in order to avoid the contamination by anthropogenic sources.

scholarly journals Hydrogeochemical Assessment of Groundwater Quality and its Suitability for Irrigation and Domestic Purposes in Rural Areas, North of Baiji City-Iraq

2021 ◽  
pp. 2296-2306
Author(s):  
Mahmood F. Abed ◽  
Ghazi Zarraq ◽  
Salwa H. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Ionic Exchange ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Gibbs Model ◽  
Hydrogeochemical Facies ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Groundwater Wells

Background: The present study was conducted to highlight the importance of environmental pollution and its negative impacts on aquatic, plants and animals lives, especially in industrial areas. Objective: This research involved studying the hydrogeochemistry of the groundwater and assessing its quality for irrigation and domestic purposes using quality parameters.  In this study, 33 groundwater samples were collected from wells during May 2013 and were analyzed for major ions and TDS. Results: The hydrogeochemical facies of groundwater were identified using the Gibbs model and Chloro – alkaline  indices. The results of the Gibbs graph suggest that groundwater chemistry is controlled by evaporation factors. It was found that the values of chloro – alkaline  indices were positive, indicating ionic exchange between Na+ in groundwater with Ca2+ and Mg2+ in the aquifer material. Conclusion: The current study of corrosivity ratio showed that groundwater wells are unsuitable for domestic uses.

scholarly journals Hydrogeochemical assessment of groundwater of Igboora Area, Southwestern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
O.A. Akanbi ◽  
W. Sanni ◽  
O. Oshin ◽  
A.G. Olatunde
Keyword(s):  
Major Ions ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The People ◽  
Major Cations ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Hydrogeochemical Facies ◽  
The Mean

The people of Igboora rely on groundwater for their domestic water supply. A hydrogeochemical study was carried out on twenty-seven  groundwater samples collected from various boreholes across the study area to determine the suitability of the groundwater for drinking purpose. The total dissolve solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC) and pH of the water were measured in the field directly, while the concentrations of major ions were done in the laboratory using flame photometry and spectrophotometry methods. The hydrogeochemical facies classes was done with piper plot and the likely enrichment source(s) of the chemical facies were interpreted with Gibbs plot in conjunction with correlation analysis. The results showed that the pH was between 5.0 and 6.7 at an average (av.) of 5.8; TDS ranged from 50 – 280 (av. 183) mg/L and EC was 110 – 560 (av. 373) μS/cm. The concentrations of the major cations in mg/L were: 5 – 105.5 Ca2+, 1 – 11.9 Mg2+, 0 - 95 Na+, 0 – 112 K+, while for anions the ranges were, 9 - 58 HCO3 - , 6.8 – 28.8 CO3 2-, 1.1 – 29.4 SO4 2-, 2.9 – 26 Cl- and 16 – 90.5 for NO3 -. From the mean values, the order of the cationic dominance was Ca2+ > K+ > Na+ > Mg2+ while that of anionic was NO3 -> HCO3 - > CO3 2- > CI- > SO4 2- . The hydrogeochemical facies in the groundwater was  mainly Ca-HCO3 type with minor occurrences of Na-HCO3 and Ca- Na-HCO3 types. Enrichment source of the cationic chemical facies was mainly rock dominated, while that of the anionic were from meteoric and biogenic sources. From the results of correlation analyses, the TDS has direct and positive relationships with most chemical constituents, indicating that the analysed ionic constituents dominated the dissolved solids in the groundwater. The groundwater can be said to be potable except that the water in the boreholes is slightly acidic and nitrate concentration exceeded recommended limit of 50 mg/L in many of the samples.

scholarly journals Hydrogeology and Hydrogeochemistry of the Lauria Mountains Northern Sector Groundwater Resources (Basilicata, Italy)

Geofluids ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filomena Canora ◽  
Giovanna Rizzo ◽  
Simona Panariello ◽  
Francesco Sdao
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Chemical Content ◽  
Northern Sector

In this study, the hydrogeological characterization of the northern sector of the Lauria Mounts carbonate hydrostructure (southern Apennines, Basilicata region) has been carried out and the hydrochemical properties of different collected groundwater samples have been characterized. Several normal springs drain the hydrostructure, some of them characterized by high annual mean discharges. Groundwater samples were collected from different springs; many parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity, and total dissolved solids have been measured, and major (cations and anions) elements and stable isotopes have been analysed following standard test procedures. Other chemical characteristics were derived from the analysed quality parameters. The results elucidate that the main hydrogeochemical processes control the chemical content and assess the quality of the groundwater within the hydrostructure. The analyses highlight that the chemical compositions of groundwater are strongly influenced by the lithology, especially limestones and dolomitic limestones; they explain and confirm the hydrogeological setting of the system. The groundwater system displays light different geochemical signatures. The processes contributing to the concentrations of major ions depend primarily on carbonate dissolution. The analysis, in all studied groundwater samples, shows that the facies groundwater type is Ca–HCO3, bicarbonate is the dominant anion, and calcium is the dominant cation with appreciable magnesium concentrations. To identify the aquifer’s recharge areas, the environmental stable isotopes oxygen and hydrogen, deuterium, and 18O were analysed. The unaltered δ18O and δD signatures for the groundwater of the major springs allows identifying the recharge area of these emergencies at elevations ranging from 900 m to 1000 m (a.s.l.), pointing out the presence of deeper flow regime feeding of these springs. The groundwater sample isotopic characteristics of D and 18O suggest that most of the groundwater is recharged directly by infiltration in a high-permeability medium.

scholarly journals GIS-based assessment of groundwater quality and suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes in the outlet and central parts of Wadi El-Assiuti, Assiut Governorate, Egypt

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanaa A. Megahed
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
World Health ◽  
Arid Environments ◽  
Drinking And Irrigation ◽  
Groundwater Samples

Abstract Background The limited water resources in arid environments in addition to the effect of agricultural and anthropogenic activities on groundwater quantity and quality necessitate paying more attention to the quality assessment of these resources. The present studies assess the quality of groundwater resources in Wadi El-Assiuti, south Egypt, and evaluate their suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes. To achieve this goal, 159 groundwater samples were collected from the outlet and central parts of the Wadi El-Assiuti during the autumn season (October–November) of 2019 and were analyzed for major ions, trace elements and heavy metals. Results The results indicate that the TDS values range between 1972 and 6217 ppm, while the concentration of trace elements (Fe++, Mn++ and Ni+) ranges between 0.05 and 0.46, 0.11 and 0.221 and 0.01 and 0.6 ppm, respectively. These results show that all groundwater samples are clearly unacceptable and inappropriate for human drinking due to their high content of total dissolved solids, trace elements and heavy metals, particularly in the majority of samples according to World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines and the Egyptian standards (Eg. St. 2007) for drinking water quality. Spatial analysis of the TDS values in geographic information system environment indicates that the salinity is higher in the northeast and gradually decreases southward. Sodium adsorption ratio, US Salinity Laboratory classification (1954), residual sodium carbonate, soluble sodium percentage and permeability index show that most groundwater samples are suitable for irrigation purposes. Conclusions The integrated approach provided in this study highlights the spatially distributed suitability of groundwater resources in Wadi El-Assiuti and can be applied in similar basins worldwide.

scholarly journals Integration of multivariate statistics and water quality indices to evaluate groundwater quality and its suitability in middle Gangetic floodplain, Bihar

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Govind Bhatt ◽  
Anand Kumar ◽  
Priya Ranjan Trivedi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Water Type ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Group 2

AbstractThis study is conducted along the middle Gangetic floodplain, to investigate the hydrogeochemical characteristics and suitability of groundwater for irrigation and human consumptions. Altogether 65 groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for major ions and water quality parameters. pH of all the samples except 1 is found > 7, which suggests alkaline aquifer condition. Groundwater samples predominately belong to Ca-Mg-HCO3 water type followed by Na-HCO3, Mg-HCO3 and Mg-SO4 water types. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) combines groundwater into two distinct groups, Group 1 is found as less mineralized as the average EC value is found 625.3 μS/cm, while it is found 1375 μS/cm for Group 2. The results of correlation analysis and PCA suggest influence of natural and anthropogenic activities on groundwater. PCA extracts four major PCs which describes 71.7% of total variance. PC1 indicates influence of both lithogenic and anthropogenic activities on groundwater quality. PC2 and PC3 infer natural factors, and PC4 suggests influence of anthropogenic activities on groundwater. Exceeding concentration of F−, Fe and Mn above WHO guidelines are found as major public health concern. WQI of all except 4 groundwater samples suggests excellent to good water quality; however, 23% of the samples are not suitable based on WPI values. Irrigation indices suggest that groundwater is mostly suitable for irrigation; however, 10.7%, 12.3% and 3% samples for RSBC, MAR and KR, respectively, exceed the recommended limits and are unsuitable for irrigation. A proper management strategy and quality assurance is recommended before groundwater consumption and use in the study area.

scholarly journals Geo-Temporal Signatures of Physicochemical and Heavy Metals Pollution in Groundwater of Khulais Region—Makkah Province, Saudi Arabia

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Yawar Ali Khan ◽  
Mohamed El Kashouty ◽  
Waleed Gusti ◽  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Ali Mohammad Subyani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Seawater Intrusion ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Sodium Absorption ◽  
Sodium Absorption Ratio ◽  
Drinking And Irrigation ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Heavy Metals Pollution ◽  
High Concentrations

Seawater has intruded into many of Saudi Arabia’s Red Sea coastal aquifers, with varying degrees of extension depending on location, hydrogeology, and population density. This study aimed to evaluate and comprehend the processes that influence the hydrogeochemical characteristics of the coastal aquifer in Saudi Arabia’s Khulais region. Groundwater samples were taken from nineteen locations during the winter and summer of 2021, and data from major ions and trace elements were examined and interpreted using ArcGIS software. The total dissolved solids (TDS) concentrations ranged between 480 and 15,236 mg/L and 887–18,620 mg/L in winter and summer, respectively. Groundwater TDS concentration was observed to be influenced by groundwater flow, lithogenic, anthropogenic, and seawater intrusion in this study (2021) when compared to 2016. The concentration of nitrate (NO3−) and strontium (Sr) in most samples exceeds the drinking guidelines. The occurrence of high concentrations of bromide (Br), Fluoride (F), Iron (Fe) (winter and summer) and Aluminum (Al), Boron (B), Chromium (Cr), Nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn) (winter) was also exhibited and observed up to more than drinking and irrigation limits. The central part of the study area was affected by seawater intrusion. The hydraulic conductivity of the topsoil was measured, and it ranged from 0.24 to 29.3 m/day. Based on electrical conductivity (EC) and sodium absorption ratio, most aquifer samples were unsuitable for irrigation (SAR).

scholarly journals Hydrochemical analysis and evaluation of heavy metals in groundwater: A case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 06009
Author(s):  
Fitryaliah Mohd Shahli ◽  
Siti Nazahiyah Rahmat ◽  
Siti Nor Aishah Mohd Salleh
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
Major Cations ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid

The hydrochemical characteristics and the type of groundwater were identified in order to investigate the elements of major ions of groundwater samples in hydro-meteorology station located in Universiti Tun Hussien Onn Malaysia, UTHM. The objectives of the study were to measure the concentration of major ions and evaluate their chemical compositions . The measured ions were namely sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), potassium (K), chloride (Cl), bicarbonate (HCO3), sulfate (SO4), heavy metals substance such as zinc (zn), ferum (Fe), copper (Cu), and manganese (Mn). Eight (8) groundwater samples were collected between January 2018 and March 2018 from a tubewell located at the Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja, Johor followed by laboratory analyses by using Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. The concentrations of major cations and anions were determined and the concecutive strength were Na>Mg>K>Ca and Cl>HCO3>SO, respectively. Correlations among various pollutants were also observed. Strong correlations (p<0.01) were found between Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) and Electric Conductivity (EC). Both TDS and EC also showed strong positive correlations with Na, Mg, and Cl ions. The dispersal of major ions in groundwater was determined using piper diagram. The major cation and anion found were Na and Cl, respectively. The type of water that predominates in the study area was Na–Cl which indicated the groundwater influence from seawater intrusion. Mean concentrations for heavy metals parameters were also identified. The values milligram per litre (mg/L) were Mn (0.20), Cu (0.01), Fe (0.50) and Zn (0.04), respectively. Overall, the selected heavy metal parameters which were Mn, Cu, Fe and Zn met the Recommended Raw Water Standard by Ministry of Health, Malaysia.

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