Plant-Derived Products as Antibacterial and Antifungal Agents in Human Health Care

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (29) ◽  
pp. 5501-5541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ladislav Kokoska ◽  
Pavel Kloucek ◽  
Olga Leuner ◽  
Pavel Novy
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Urinary Infections ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

:A number of papers reporting antimicrobial properties of extracts, essential oils, resins and various classes of compounds isolated from higher plants have been published in recent years; however, a comprehensive analysis of plant-derived antimicrobial agents currently applied in practice for the improvement of human health is still lacking. This review summarizes data on clinical efficacy, antimicrobial effects and the chemistry of commercially available antibacterial and antifungal agents of plant origin currently used in the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal, oral, respiratory, skin, and urinary infections. As a result of an analysis of the literature, more than 40 plant-derived over-the-counter pharmaceuticals, dietary supplements, cosmetics, herbal medicines, and functional foods containing complex mixtures (e.g. Glycyrrhiza glabra extract, Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil, and Pistacia lentiscus resin), pure compounds (e.g. benzoic acid, berberine, eucalyptol, salicylic acid and thymol) as well as their derivatives and complexes (e.g. bismuth subsalicylate and zinc pyrithione) have been identified. The effectiveness of many of these products is illustrated by results of clinical trials and supported by data on there in vitro antimicrobial activity. A broad spectrum of various commercial products currently available on the market and their welldocumented clinical efficacy suggests that plants are prospective sources for the identification of new types of antimicrobial agents in future. Innovative approaches and methodologies for effective proof-of-concept research and the development of new types of plant-derived products effective against recently emerging problems related to human microbial diseases (e.g. antimicrobial resistance) are also proposed in this review.

scholarly journals An In Vitro Study on the Antimicrobial Properties of Essential Oil Modified Resin Composite against Oral Pathogens

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 4383
Author(s):  
Barbara Lapinska ◽  
Aleksandra Szram ◽  
Beata Zarzycka ◽  
Janina Grzegorczyk ◽  
Louis Hardan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Oral Pathogens

Modifying the composition of dental restorative materials with antimicrobial agents might induce their antibacterial potential against cariogenic bacteria, e.g., S.mutans and L.acidophilus, as well as antifungal effect on C.albicans that are major oral pathogens. Essential oils (EOs) are widely known for antimicrobial activity and are successfully used in dental industry. The study aimed at evaluating antibacterial and antifungal activity of EOs and composite resin material (CR) modified with EO against oral pathogens. Ten EOs (i.e., anise, cinnamon, citronella, clove, geranium, lavender, limette, mint, rosemary thyme) were tested using agar diffusion method. Cinnamon and thyme EOs showed significantly highest antibacterial activity against S.mutans and L.acidophilus among all tested EOs. Anise and limette EOs showed no antibacterial activity against S.mutans. All tested EOs exhibited antifungal activity against C.albicans, whereas cinnamon EO showed significantly highest and limette EO significantly lowest activity. Next, 1, 2 or 5 µL of cinnamon EO was introduced into 2 g of CR and microbiologically tested. The modified CR showed higher antimicrobial activity in comparison to unmodified one. CR containing 2 µL of EO showed the best antimicrobial properties against S.mutans and C.albicans, while CR modified with 1 µL of EO showed the best antimicrobial properties against L.acidophilus.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Antimicrobial Properties of Highly Cross-Linked pH-Sensitive Hydrogels through Gamma Radiation

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 2223
Author(s):  
Moises Bustamante-Torres ◽  
Victor H. Pino-Ramos ◽  
David Romero-Fierro ◽  
Sandra P. Hidalgo-Bonilla ◽  
Héctor Magaña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Ph Sensitive ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Polymeric Systems ◽  
E Coli ◽  
High Prevalence

The design of new polymeric systems for antimicrobial drug release focused on medical/surgical procedures is of great interest in the biomedical area due to the high prevalence of bacterial infections in patients with wounds or burns. For this reason, in this work, we present a new design of pH-sensitive hydrogels copolymerized by a graft polymerization method (gamma rays), intended for localized prophylactic release of ciprofloxacin and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for potential topical bacterial infections. The synthesized hydrogels were copolymerized from acrylic acid (AAc) and agar. Cross-linked hydrogel film formation depended on monomer concentrations and the degree of radiation used (Cobalt-60). The obtained hydrogel films were characterized by attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical testing. The swelling of the hydrogels was evidenced by the influence of their pH-sensitiveness. The hydrogel was loaded with antimicrobial agents (AgNPs or ciprofloxacin), and their related activity was evaluated. Finally, the antimicrobial activity of biocidal-loaded hydrogel was tested against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) on in vitro conditions.

Medicinal Au(i) compounds targeting urease as prospective antimicrobial agents: unveiling the structural basis for enzyme inhibition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Mazzei ◽  
Lara Massai ◽  
Michele Cianci ◽  
Luigi Messori ◽  
Stefano Ciurli
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Enzyme Inhibition ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Gold Compounds

A few gold compounds were recently found to show antimicrobial properties in vitro, holding great promise for the discovery of new drugs to overcome antibiotic resistance.

Synthesis of New Series of Phenyldiazene Based Metal Complexes for Designing Most Active Antibacterial and Antifungal Agents

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 578-578
Author(s):  
Khalil Ahmad Khalil Ahmad ◽  
Habib ur Rehman Shah Habib ur Rehman Shah ◽  
Areeba Ashfaq Areeba Ashfaq ◽  
Muhammad Ashfaq Muhammad Ashfaq ◽  
Muhammad Kashif Muhammad Kashif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Metal Complexes ◽  
Transition Metal Complexes ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Antifungal Activities ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽  
Excellent Activity ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

In this study, In Vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities of azo series based on transition metal complexes (Cu2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, Co2+ and Ni2+) with already our reported ligands named as; [(E)-1-(1, 3-dioxolan-2-yl)-2-phenyldiazene] (K-1), [(E)-1-(1, 3-dioxolan-2-yl)-2-(4-methylphenyl)diazene] (K-2), 2-[(E)-phenyl diazenyl]-1H-benzimidazole] (K-3), [(E)-1-(1, 3-dioxolan-2-yl)-2-(4-ethylphenyl)diazene] (K-4), and [(E)-1-(1, 3-dioxolan-2-yl)-2-(2-methylphenyl)-diazene] (K-5) were studied. FTIR 1H-NMR and mass spectrometric techniques were applied for interpretation of synthesized complexes. 4.05-4.07 ppm chemical shift appearance of azo group confirms azo coupling with transition metal complexes. N=N, C-H, C-N and C-O groups are also confirmed by FTIR which exhibited peaks at 1400-1500, 2090-3090, 1100-1180, 1010-1060 and 625-780 cm-1. Furthermore, mass spectroscopic data also gives strong indication for the synthesis of metal complexes. All the newly synthesized complexes were screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities. Antibacterial and antifungal activity against S. aureus, E.coli and A.niger, A.ustus and C.albican at conc. 250 and#181;g/ml showed excellent activity by K-1 complexes (Co2+, Cu2+, Ni2+), K-5 complexes (Zn2+, Mn2+, Cu2+), K-2 complexes (Co2+, Cu2+, Mn2+) and K-3 (Zn2+, Mn2+, Co2+, Cu2+) as compared to standard drug (Ampicillin). Hence, based on this study, it was concluded that these azo based complexes may act as a platform for designing more active antibacterial and antifungal agents.

scholarly journals Facile Synthesis of Antimicrobial Aloe Vera-“Smart” Triiodide-PVP Biomaterials

Biomimetics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zehra Edis ◽  
Samir Haj Bloukh
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Halogen Bonding ◽  
Polyglycolic Acid ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
One Pot

Antibiotic resistance is an eminent threat for the survival of mankind. Nosocomial infections caused by multidrug resistant microorganisms are a reason for morbidity and mortality worldwide. Plant-based antimicrobial agents are based on synergistic mechanisms which prevent resistance and have been used for centuries against ailments. We suggest the use of cost-effective, eco-friendly Aloe Vera Barbadensis Miller (AV)-iodine biomaterials as a new generation of antimicrobial agents. In a facile, one-pot synthesis, we encapsulated fresh AV gel with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a stabilizing agent and incorporated iodine moieties in the form of iodine (I2) and sodium iodide (NaI) into the polymer matrix. Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), x-ray diffraction (XRD), microstructural analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) verified the composition of AV-PVP-I2, AV-PVP-I2-NaI. AV, AV-PVP, AV-PVP-I2, AV-PVP-I2-NaI, and AV-PVP-NaI were tested in-vitro by disc diffusion assay and dip-coated on polyglycolic acid (PGA) sutures against ten microbial reference strains. All the tested pathogens were more susceptible towards AV-PVP-I2 due to the inclusion of “smart” triiodides with halogen bonding in vitro and on dip-coated sutures. The biocomplexes AV-PVP-I2, AV-PVP-I2-NaI showed remarkable antimicrobial properties. “Smart” biohybrids with triiodide inclusions have excellent antifungal and promising antimicrobial activities, with potential use against surgical site infections (SSI) and as disinfecting agents.

scholarly journals Plant Products as Antimicrobial Agents

1999 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 564-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjorie Murphy Cowan
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Current Status ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Earth

SUMMARY The use of and search for drugs and dietary supplements derived from plants have accelerated in recent years. Ethnopharmacologists, botanists, microbiologists, and natural-products chemists are combing the Earth for phytochemicals and “leads” which could be developed for treatment of infectious diseases. While 25 to 50% of current pharmaceuticals are derived from plants, none are used as antimicrobials. Traditional healers have long used plants to prevent or cure infectious conditions; Western medicine is trying to duplicate their successes. Plants are rich in a wide variety of secondary metabolites, such as tannins, terpenoids, alkaloids, and flavonoids, which have been found in vitro to have antimicrobial properties. This review attempts to summarize the current status of botanical screening efforts, as well as in vivo studies of their effectiveness and toxicity. The structure and antimicrobial properties of phytochemicals are also addressed. Since many of these compounds are currently available as unregulated botanical preparations and their use by the public is increasing rapidly, clinicians need to consider the consequences of patients self-medicating with these preparations.

scholarly journals The controversies of parabens – an overview nowadays

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zvonimir Petric ◽  
Julia Ružić ◽  
Irena Žuntar
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Endocrine Disruption ◽  
Safety Profile ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Hydroxybenzoic Acid ◽  
Methyl Ethyl ◽  
The Real ◽  
Aliphatic Esters

AbstractEffects of paraben toxicity, i.e., endocrine-disruption properties, are in the focus of researchers for decades, but still – they are a hot subject of debate. Parabens are aliphatic esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, which are widely used as antimicrobial agents for the preservation of cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and foods. Mostly used parabens are methyl-, ethyl-, propyl- and butylparaben. Although the toxicity of parabens is reported in animals and in in vitro studies, it cannot be taken for granted when discussing hazards for human health due to an unrealistic exposure -safety profile. Many studies have demonstrated that parabens are non-teratogenic, non-mutagenic, non-carcinogenic and the real evidence for their toxicity in humans has not been established. For now, methyl-, ethyl- and propylparaben are considered safe for use in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals within the recommended range of doses. Regarding alternatives for parabens, a variety of approaches have been proposed, but every substitute would need to be tested rigorously for toxicity and safety.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization and Molecular Docking of 1,2,4-Triazole Derivatives as Potential Antimicrobial Agents

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1437-1442
Author(s):  
Panneerselvam Kalaivani ◽  
Jayaraman Arikrishnan ◽  
Mannuthusamy Gopalakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Docking Study ◽  
Binding Mode ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽  
Inhibition Concentration ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

In this study, a new series of (E)-N-(4-(3-(3,5-dialkylphenyl)acryloyl)phenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1- yl)acetamide (32-41) was synthesized, characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and Mass spectral analysis and evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities. The docking study of the newly synthesized compounds was performed and results showed good binding mode in the active site of 1T9U protein. The zone of inhibition concentration was tested for the synthesized compounds against five bacterial and three fungal strains. Compounds 34 and 37 have good antibacterial activity. Compounds 3, 4 and 6 shows moderate inhibition against the antifungal activity.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Antibacterial and Antifungal Properties of Cyclohexane Tosyloxyimine Derivative

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Shoaib M
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Sulfonyl Chloride ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Assay ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
Candida Pseudotropicalis

Due to increasing antimicrobial resistance, functionally substituted cyclohexane derivatives are being explored as potential antimicrobial agents. Reaction of diethyl 4 - hydroxy - 6 - (hyd - roxyimino) - 4 - methyl - 2 - phenylcyclohexane - 1,3 - dicarboxylate with 4 - toluene sulfonyl chloride in boiling acetone in the presence of equimolar triethylamine resulted in formation of diethyl - 4 - hydroxy - 4 - methyl - 2 - phenyl - 6 - ((tosyloxy)imino) cyclohexane - 1,3 - dicarboxylate. The structure of novel compound was characterized by 1 H and 13 C NMR spectra and elemental analysis was performed. Agar well diffusion assay was used to screen novel compound against Gram - positive bacteria, Gram - negative bacteria and fungi. Test compound showed better antimicrobial properties against Gram - negative bac teria as compared to Gram - positive bacteria and fungi. Acinetobacter baumannii BDU - 32 was found to be most sensitive bacteria while Candida pseudotropicalis BDU MA88 was found to be most sensitive yeast.

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