Targeting NUPR1 for Cancer Treatment: A Risky Endeavor

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 768-778
Author(s):  
Salma M.A. Mansour ◽  
Sahar A. Ali ◽  
Shaira Nofal ◽  
Sameh H. Soror
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Complex Network ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Molecular Targets ◽  
Novel Therapies ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Shed Light

NUPR1 is a transcription factor that has attracted great attention because of its various roles in cancer. Several studies were carried out to determine its molecular targets and mechanism of action to develop novel therapies against cancer. Here, we shed light on the role of NUPR1 in different types of cancer. NUPR1 regulates a complex network of pathways that may be affected by its silencing, which can cause varying effects. Its role in some types of cancer has been reported but remains incompletely understood, whereas its roles in other types of cancers have not been reported yet. Therefore, targeting NUPR1 for cancer treatment remains challenging and risky.

scholarly journals Network pharmacology-based analysis for unraveling potential cancer-related molecular targets of Egyptian propolis phytoconstituents accompanied with molecular docking and in vitro studies

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 11610-11626
Author(s):  
Reham S. Ibrahim ◽  
Alaa A. El-Banna
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Molecular Targets ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Network Pharmacology ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Potential Cancer

Multi-level mechanism of action of propolis constituents in cancer treatment using an integrated approach of network pharmacology-based analysis, molecular docking and in vitro cytotoxicity testing.

Innovatory role of nanomaterials as bio-tools for treatment of cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khuram Shahzad Ahmad ◽  
Muntaha Talat ◽  
Shaan Bibi Jaffri ◽  
Neelofer Shaheen
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Therapeutics ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cancerous Cells

AbstractConventional treatment modes like chemotherapy, thermal and radiations aimed at cancerous cells eradication are marked by destruction pointing the employment of nanomaterials as sustainable and auspicious materials for saving human lives. Cancer has been deemed as the second leading cause of death on a global scale. Nanomaterials employment in cancer treatment is based on the utilization of their inherent physicochemical characteristics in addition to their modification for using as nano-carriers and nano-vehicles eluted with anti-cancer drugs. Current work has reviewed the significant role of different types of nanomaterials in cancer therapeutics and diagnostics in a systematic way. Compilation of review has been done by analyzing voluminous investigations employing ERIC, MEDLINE, NHS Evidence and Web of Science databases. Search engines used were Google scholar, Jstore and PubMed. Current review is suggestive of the remarkable performance of nanomaterials making them candidates for cancer treatment for substitution of destructive treatment modes through investigation of their physicochemical characteristics, utilization outputs and long term impacts in patients.

scholarly journals EPEN-30. C11ORF95-RELA FUSION PROTEIN ENGAGES NOVEL GENOMIC LOCI TO DRIVE MURINE EPENDYMOMA GROWTH

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii314-iii314
Author(s):  
Amir Arabzade ◽  
Yanhua Zhao ◽  
Srinidhi Varadharajan ◽  
Hsiao-Chi Chen ◽  
Austin Stuckert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Molecular Targets ◽  
Lead Target ◽  
Open Chromatin ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
In Utero Electroporation ◽  
Pathway Activation ◽  
Mouse Cells ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract RATIONALE Over 70% of supratentorial (ST) ependymoma are characterized by an oncogenic fusion between C11ORF95 and RELA. C11ORF95-RELA fusion is frequently the sole genetic driver detected in ST ependymoma, thus ranking this genomic event as a lead target for therapeutic investigation. RELA is a transcription factor (TF) central to mediating NF-kB pathway activation in processes such as inflammation, cellular metabolism, and chemotaxis. HYPOTHESIS: We posited that C11ORF95-RELA acts as an oncogenic TF that aberrantly shapes the tumor epigenome to drive aberrant transcription. Approach: To this end we developed an in utero electroporation (IUE) mouse model of ependymoma to express C11ORF95-RELA during embryonic development. Our IUE approach allowed us to develop C11ORF95-RELA driven tumor models and cell lines. We comprehensively characterized the epigenome and transcriptome of C11ORF95-RELA fusion driven mouse cells by H3K27ac ChIP-seq, ATAC-seq, and RNA-seq. RESULTS This data revealed that: 1) C11ORF95-RELA directly engages ‘open’ chromatin and is enriched at regions with known RELA TF binding sites as well as novel genomic loci/motifs, 2) C11ORF95-RELA preferentially binds to both H3K27ac (active) enhancers and promoters, and 3) Bound C11ORF95-RELA promoter loci are associated with increased transcription of genes shared with human ependymoma. CONCLUSION Our findings shed light on the transcriptional mechanisms of C11ORF95-RELA, and reveal downstream targets that may represent cancer dependency genes and molecular targets.

scholarly journals Hhex regulates the specification and growth of the hepatopancreatic ductal system

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alethia Villasenor ◽  
Sébastien Gauvrit ◽  
Michelle M. Collins ◽  
Silvia Parajes ◽  
Hans-Martin Maischein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Bile Duct ◽  
Common Bile Duct ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Distinct Population ◽  
System Formation ◽  
Shed Light

SUMMARYSignificant efforts have advanced our understanding of foregut-derived organ development; however, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that underlie the formation of the hepatopancreatic ductal (HPD) system. Here, we report a role for the homeodomain transcription factor Hhex in directing HPD progenitor specification in zebrafish. Loss of Hhex function results in impaired HPD system formation. We found that Hhex specifies a distinct population of HPD progenitors that gives rise to the cystic duct, common bile duct, and extra-pancreatic duct. Since hhex is not uniquely expressed in the HPD region but is also expressed in endothelial cells and the yolk syncytial layer (YSL), we tested the role of blood vessels as well as the YSL in HPD formation. We found that blood vessels are required for HPD patterning, but not for HPD progenitor specification. In addition, we found that Hhex is required in both the endoderm and the YSL for HPD development. Our results shed light on the mechanisms necessary to direct endodermal progenitors towards the HPD fate and also advance our understanding of HPD system formation.

scholarly journals Comics in the Arab world. Birth and spread of a new literary genre

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 117-126
Author(s):  
Emanuela De Blasio
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Literary Genre ◽  
The West ◽  
Arab Culture ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Shed Light

The research focuses on the birth and development of the comics, a new literary genre in the Arab world. The paper takes into account the dynamics of the advent of comics in the first Arab countries until to our days when comics began to appeal to an adult audience, sometimes taking inspiration from material from the West, sometimes referring to traditional elements of Arab culture. With the advent of the Arab revolutions, this genre has become more widespread and has also been used by artists to express dissent and criticism. Following the fall of dictatorial regimes in some Arab countries, the power of censorship has diminished; this has allowed the proliferation of different types of comics, also thanks to the fundamental role of social networks and the Internet. Through the examination of comics in the Arab world it is possible to shed light on a new literary genre and it is possible to trace the lines of the evolution of its themes and language.

scholarly journals The transcription factor KLF14 regulates macrophage glycolysis and immune function by inhibiting HK2 in sepsis

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Yuan ◽  
Guangjian Fan ◽  
Yuqi Liu ◽  
Lu Liu ◽  
Tong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Host Response ◽  
Targeted Therapeutics ◽  
Inflammatory Signaling ◽  
Regulation Of Glycolysis ◽  
Shed Light

AbstractSepsis is a heterogeneous syndrome induced by a dysregulated host response to infection. Glycolysis plays a role in maintaining the immune function of macrophages, which is crucial for severely septic patients. However, how the pathways that link glycolysis and macrophages are regulated is still largely unknown. Here, we provide evidence to support the function of KLF14, a novel Krüppel-like transcription factor, in the regulation of glycolysis and the immune function of macrophages during sepsis. KLF14 deletion led to significantly increased mortality in lethal models of murine endotoxemia and sepsis. Mechanistically, KLF14 decreased glycolysis and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines by macrophages by inhibiting the transcription of HK2. In addition, we confirmed that the expression of KLF14 was upregulated in septic patients. Furthermore, pharmacological activation of KLF14 conferred protection against sepsis in mice. These findings uncover a key role of KLF14 in modulating the inflammatory signaling pathway and shed light on the development of KLF14-targeted therapeutics for sepsis.

scholarly journals Aspects of Carbon Monoxide in Form of CO-Releasing Molecules Used in Cancer Treatment: More Light on the Way

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malamati Kourti ◽  
Wen G. Jiang ◽  
Jun Cai
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Signalling Molecule ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Potential Use

Carbon monoxide (CO) has always been recognised as a toxic gas, due to its higher affinity for haemoglobin than oxygen. However, biological studies have revealed an intriguing role for CO as an endogenous signalling molecule, a gasotransmitter. CO is demonstrated to exert many cellular activities including anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antiproliferative activities. In animal studies, CO gas administration can prevent tissues from hypoxia or ischemic-reperfusion injury. As a result, there are a plethora of reports dealing with the biological applications of CO and CO-releasing molecules (CORMs) in inflammatory and vascular diseases. CORMs have already been tested as a therapeutic agent in clinical trials. More recently, an increased interest has been drawn to CO’s potential use as an anticancer agent. In this review, we will aim to give an overview of the research focused on the role of CO and CORMs in different types of cancer and expand to the recent development of the next generation CORMs for clinical application in cancer treatment.

scholarly journals What determines direction of asymmetry: genes, environment or chance?

2016 ◽  
Vol 371 (1710) ◽  
pp. 20150417 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Richard Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Normal Component ◽  
Cell Movement ◽  
Blast Cell ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Early Cleavage ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Coiling Direction ◽  
Left Right Asymmetry ◽  
Shed Light

Conspicuous asymmetries seen in many animals and plants offer diverse opportunities to test how the development of a similar morphological feature has evolved in wildly different types of organisms. One key question is: do common rules govern how direction of asymmetry is determined (symmetry is broken) during ontogeny to yield an asymmetrical individual? Examples from numerous organisms illustrate how diverse this process is. These examples also provide some surprising answers to related questions. Is direction of asymmetry in an individual determined by genes, environment or chance? Is direction of asymmetry determined locally (structure by structure) or globally (at the level of the whole body)? Does direction of asymmetry persist when an asymmetrical structure regenerates following autotomy? The answers vary greatly for asymmetries as diverse as gastropod coiling direction, flatfish eye side, crossbill finch bill crossing, asymmetrical claws in shrimp, lobsters and crabs, katydid sound-producing structures, earwig penises and various plant asymmetries. Several examples also reveal how stochastic asymmetry in mollusc and crustacean early cleavage, in Drosophila oogenesis, and in Caenorhabditis elegans epidermal blast cell movement, is a normal component of deterministic development. Collectively, these examples shed light on the role of genes as leaders or followers in evolution. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Provocative questions in left–right asymmetry’.

scholarly journals Targeting androgen receptor signaling with MicroRNAs and Curcumin: a promising therapeutic approach for Prostate Cancer Prevention and intervention

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeeshan Javed ◽  
Khushbukhat Khan ◽  
Amna Rasheed ◽  
Haleema Sadia ◽  
Muhammad Naeem Shahwani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Receptor Signaling ◽  
Independent State ◽  
Androgen Receptor Signaling ◽  
Prostate Cancer Prevention ◽  
Promising Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Shed Light

AbstractProstate cancer (PC) is a multifactorial disease characterized by the abrogation of androgen receptor signaling. Advancement in microbiology techniques has highlighted the significant role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the progression of PC cells from an androgen-dependent to an androgen-independent state. At that stage, prostate tumors also fail to respond to currently practiced hormone therapies. So, studies in recent decades are focused on investigating the anti-tumor effects of natural compounds in PC. Curcumin is widely recognized and now of huge prestige for its anti-proliferative abilities in different types of cancer. However, its limited solubility, compatibility, and instability in the aqueous phase are major hurdles when administering. Nanoformulations have proven to be an excellent drug delivery system for various drugs and can be used as potential delivery platforms for curcumin in PC. In this review, a shed light is given on the miRNAs-mediated regulation of androgen receptor (AR) signaling and miRNA-curcumin interplay in PC, as well as on curcumin-based nanoformulations that can be used as possible therapeutic solutions for PC.

scholarly journals Role of myokines and osteokines in cancer cachexia

2021 ◽  
pp. 153537022110092
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Pin ◽  
Lynda F Bonewald ◽  
Andrea Bonetto
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cachexia ◽  
Muscle Wasting ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Lipid Mediator ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Ultimate Cause ◽  
Endocrine Factors ◽  
Shed Light

Cancer-induced muscle wasting, i.e. cachexia, is associated with different types of cancer such as pancreatic, colorectal, lung, liver, gastric and esophageal. Cachexia affects prognosis and survival in cancer, and it is estimated that it will be the ultimate cause of death for up to 30% of cancer patients. Musculoskeletal alterations are known hallmarks of cancer cachexia, with skeletal muscle atrophy and weakness as the most studied. Recent evidence has shed light on the presence of bone loss in cachectic patients, even in the absence of bone-metastatic disease. In particular, we and others have shown that muscle and bone communicate by exchanging paracrine and endocrine factors, known as myokines and osteokines. This review will focus on describing the role of the most studied myokines, such as myostatin, irisin, the muscle metabolite β-aminoisobutyric acid, BAIBA, and IL-6, and osteokines, including TGF-β, osteocalcin, sclerostin, RANKL, PTHrP, FGF23, and the lipid mediator, PGE2 during cancer-induced cachexia. The interplay of muscle and bone factors, together with tumor-derived soluble factors, characterizes a complex clinical scenario in which musculoskeletal alterations are amongst the most debilitating features. Understanding and targeting the “secretome” of cachectic patients will likely represent a promising strategy to preserve bone and muscle during cancer cachexia thereby enhancing recovery.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document