Synthesis Procedure and Industrial Applications of NaY Zeolite for Various Processes: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 795-804
Author(s):  
Mahjoobeh Hajitabar Firouzjaee ◽  
Majid Taghizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Y Zeolites ◽  
Natural Gas Dehydration ◽  
Synthesis Procedure

Faujasite Y zeolites, due to their outstanding properties, have numerous applications in the chemical industries like petroleum refining, adsorption, FCC, petrochemical, aromatic alkylation, natural gas dehydration, separation, and environmental protection. The astonishing properties include high surface area, high porosity, high thermal stability and large ion-exchange capacity. In this review study, a summary of different synthesis techniques of this type of zeolite has been addressed. Different kinds of techniques like seeding, free template, organic template, increasing the alkali treatment and temperature control methods are described. Subsequently, because of its important role as a catalyst for different processes, the application of this zeolite was reviewed for different chemical processes.

scholarly journals Fractal Structure in Silica and Composites Aerogels

Gels ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Thierry Woignier ◽  
Juan Primera ◽  
Adil Alaoui ◽  
Philippe Dieudonne ◽  
Laurent Duffours ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Structure ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Silica Aerogels ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Material Density ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Synthesis Conditions ◽  
Fractal Characteristics ◽  
Synthesis Procedure

Silica aerogels are known to be materials with exceptional characteristics, such as ultra-low density, high surface area, high porosity, high adsorption, and low-thermal conductivity. In addition, these unique properties are mainly related to their specific processing. Depending on the aerogel synthesis procedure, the aerogels texture can be tailored with meso and/or macroporosity. Fractal geometry has been observed and used to describe silica aerogels at nanoscales in certain conditions. In this review paper, we describe the fractal structure of silica aerogels that can develop depending on the synthesis conditions. X-ray and neutron scattering measurements allow to show that silica aerogels can exhibit a fractal structure over one or even more than two orders of magnitude in length. The fractal dimension does not depend directly on the material density but can vary with the synthesis conditions. It ranges typically between 1.6 and 2.4. The effect of the introduction of silica particles or of further thermal treatment or compression of the silica aerogels on their microstructure and their fractal characteristics is also resumed.

Highly stable metal-organic framework UiO-66-NH2 for high-performance triboelectric nanogenerators

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Mei Wang ◽  
Xinxin Zhang ◽  
Dingyi Yang ◽  
Liting Wu ◽  
Jiaojiao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerator ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerators ◽  
Organic Framework

Abstract The high porosity, controllable size, high surface area, and chemical versatility of a metal-organic framework (MOF) enable it a good material for a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), and some MOFs have been incorporated in the fabrication of TENGs. However, the understanding of effects of MOFs on the energy conversion of a TENG is still lacking, which inhibits the improvement of the performance of MOF-based TENGs. Here, UiO-66-NH2 MOFs were found to significantly increase the power of a TENG and the mechanism was carefully examined. The electron-withdrawing ability of Zr-based UiO-66-family MOFs was enhanced by designing the amino functionalized 1,4-terephthalic acid (1,4-BDC) as ligand. The chemically modified UiO-66-NH2 was found to increase the surface roughness and surface potential of a composite film with MOFs embedded in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix. Thus the total charges due to the contact electrification increased significantly. The composite-based TENG was found to be very durable and its output voltage and current were 4 times and 60 times higher than that of a PDMS-based TENG. This work revealed an effective strategy to design MOFs with excellent electron-withdrawing abilities for high-performance TENGs.

scholarly journals USE OF MONTMORILLONITE CLAY FOR ADSORPTION MALACHITE GREEN DYE

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (32) ◽  
pp. 279-286
Author(s):  
Marcos Antônio KLUNK ◽  
Zeban SHAH ◽  
Paulo Roberto WANDER
Keyword(s):  
Malachite Green ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Montmorillonite Clay ◽  
Malachite Green Dye ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
High Concentrations

Removal of malachite green dye by adsorption from aqueous solution using montmorillonite clay is reported in this work. A malachite green dye is a cationic widely used in textile industries. Due to its persistence in the aquatic environment, it becomes a problem for aquatic and terrestrial organisms. This dye can be adsorbed through various techniques, but high acquisition and operating costs preclude widespread use. Several adsorbents are available in the market, but the most outstanding are the clays, especially the montmorillonites. These clays are finely divided material ( 0.002 mm), and its adsorption properties are continuously investigated. Types of clays 2:1 (two tetrahedral to one octahedral) are called expandables. The montmorillonite has a potential for dyes removal in wastewater due to the high surface area, porosity with excellent cation exchange capacity conferring its adsorbent property. This work aims to use the montmorillonite as an adsorption system in stages to textile decolorization effluent, composed of malachite green dye, reproduced in the laboratory. The characterization of the clay gives high purity and is used as adsorbent of good quality and efficiency. The retention of dyes in the system composed of montmorillonite arranged in separation stages was efficient. The effect of dye concentration and retention time are the most important parameters used in this study. High concentrations and retention time below 24 hours resulted in low levels of removal (25%). On the other hand, the low level of initial concentration increases removal efficiency (57%). Thus, the results obtained in this work allow concluding that montmorillonite is able to removal malachite green dye.

NANOCELLULOSE AND ITS POTENTIAL USE FOR SUSTAINABLE INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Carlos Negro ◽  
Ana Balea Martín ◽  
Jose Luis Sanchez-Salvador ◽  
Cristina Campano ◽  
Elena Fuente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Potential Availability ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Market Perspective

Nanocellulose (NC) and its wide applications have attracted high attention due to its desirable properties such as high surface area, extraordinary mechanical properties, high reactivity and easy modification of NC surface due to the presence of primary hydroxyl groups. NC also presents several environmental benefits, including high potential availability because its production is coming from natural sources, renewability and nontoxicity. This paper briefly summarizes some of the activities of the research group “Cellulose, Paper and Water Advanced Treatments” from Complutense University of Madrid that were presented in CAIQ 2019, including the main types of NC, the production processes and their characterization. Additionally, the most promising NC applications are described such as for paper and board, for wastewater treatment, food and cement-based materials. Moreover, a market perspective of NC is also presented.

Synthesis and Characterization of Supercapacitor Electrode from Fiber of Borassus flabelifer L by Activation Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 966 ◽  
pp. 444-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fandi Angga Prasetya ◽  
Ufafa Anggarini ◽  
Yudha Zakaria ◽  
Rosa Dwi Sasqia Putri
Keyword(s):  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Supercapacitor Electrode ◽  
Nitrogen Gas ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Constant Heating

Supercapacitor require electrode which has high surface area so that it able to store large amounts of charge. In this study, electrode was synthesized from carbon of Borassus Flabellifer L fiber which was carried out through activation and carbonization processes. Raw material was calcined at 400°C for 4 hours followed by activation with NaOH 1 M. The carbonization was then conducted in Nitrogen gas flowing by temperature variations; 650°C, 750°C, and 850°C with a constant heating rate of 20 °C/min. Based on XRD data, it was shown that the material has formed Reduced graphene Oxide (RGO) which has main peaks at (2θ) 240 and 440 with higher purity in higher temperature. SEM results clarified more pores formation at higher temperature which is mesoporous. Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) test was done to determine the capacitance value. By RGO forming with high porosity, it is suitable for supercapacitor electrode application and CV test has examined that heating of Borassus Flabelifer L fiber at 850°C with 5 mV/s scan rate has the highest specific capacitance by 8.25 F/gram with Energy density is 4.125 watt/gram.

scholarly journals Bibliometric approach to the perspectives and challenges of membrane separation processes to remove emerging contaminants from water

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (9) ◽  
pp. 1721-1741
Author(s):  
Jéssica Stefanello Cadore ◽  
Lucas Fernando Fabro ◽  
Thuany Garcia Maraschin ◽  
Nara Regina de Souza Basso ◽  
Marçal José Rodrigues Pires ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Emerging Contaminants ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Research Attention

Abstract The presence of contaminants in water is concerning due to the potential impacts on human health and the environment, and ingested contaminants cause harm in various ways. The conventional water treatment systems are not efficient to remove these contaminants. Therefore, novel techniques and materials for the removal of contaminants are increasingly being developed. The separation process using modified membranes can remove these micropollutants; therefore, they have attracted significant research attention. Among the materials used for manufacturing of these membranes, composites based on graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide are preferred owing to their promising properties, such as mechanical resistance, thermal and chemical stability, antifouling capacity, water permeability, high thermal and electrical conductivity, high optical transmittance and high surface area. Membrane separation processes (MSP) can be used as secondary or tertiary treatment during the supply of wastewater. However, the efficient and accessible applications of these technologies are challenging. This study aims to demonstrate the main concepts of membrane separation processes and their application in the removal of emerging contaminants. This study reports bibliometric mapping, relevant data on studies using membranes as water treatment processes, and their viability in industrial applications. The main challenges and perspectives of these technologies are discussed in detail as well.

Nanofibrous Scaffold Engineering Using Electrospinning

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 4595-4603 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Murugan ◽  
Z. M. Huang ◽  
F. Yang ◽  
S. Ramakrishna
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Fibrous Scaffold

Scaffold plays a critical role in tissue engineering where it provides necessary structural support for the cells to accommodate and to guide their growth in the three dimensional space into a specific tissue. Therefore, engineering scaffolds favorable for cell/tissue growth is of great importance and a pre-requisite for scaffold-based tissue engineering. Electrospinning is a versatile method that has been recently adapted in engineering nano-fibrous scaffolds that mimic the structural features of biological extracellular matrix (ECM). It offers many advantages over conventional scaffold methodologies, for example, capable of producing ultra-fine fibers with high porosity, high spatial orientation, high aspect ratio, and high surface area, which are highly required for the initial cell attachment, tissue formation, and continued function. Considering these astonishing merits, this article emphasis on nano-fibrous scaffold engineering by electrospinning.

Preparation and characterization of high surface area, high porosity carbon monoliths from pyrolyzed bovine bone and their performance as supercapacitor electrodes

Carbon ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 291-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Goodman ◽  
H. Li ◽  
Y. Gao ◽  
Y.F. Lu ◽  
J.D. Stenger-Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
High Porosity

COx Free Hydrogen Production From Ammonia Decomposition Over Platinum Based Siliceous Materials

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilek Varisli ◽  
Tugba Rona
Keyword(s):  
Flow Reactor ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Space Velocity ◽  
Decomposition Reaction ◽  
Ammonia Decomposition ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Free Hydrogen ◽  
Synthesis Procedure

Abstract Ammonia has become an important source for hydrogen especially for fuel cell applications that require COx free hydrogen. In this study, high surface area Pt incorporated mesoporous siliceous materials were prepared for ammonia decomposition reaction to produce clean hydrogen. The results of a fixed bed flow reactor tests, conducted using pure ammonia showed that Pt-SiO2 type catalysts which were prepared by a one-pot hydrothermal synthesis procedure were very active in ammonia decomposition, such as 72% conversion was reached at 500°C at a gas hourly space velocity of 5,100 ml/h.gcat over the catalyst prepared at Pt/Si mol ratio of 0.03. Activity of the synthesized catalysts increased with an increase in Pt loading. Platinum incorporated siliceous materials prepared by impregnation procedures were also tested in ammonia decomposition and highly promising results were obtained.

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